Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Image CDEGlogo.svg thumb 100px CompactDisc Extended Graphics CompactDisc Extended Graphics CD EG , also known as CD XG is an improved variant of the CompactDisc Graphics CD G format. Like CD G, CD EG utilizes basic CD ROM features to display text and video information in addition to the music being played. This extra data is stored in the subcode channels R W. Very few, if any, CD EG discs have been published. Specifications 288 pixel s per line 192 lines 256 colors Category CompactDisc Compu storage stub ... more details
Unreferenced date September 2009 Double density compactdisc DDCD is an optical disc technology developed by Sony using the same laser wave length as compactdisc , namely 780 nm. The format is defined by the Rainbow Books purple book standard document. For a 120 mm disc, it doubles the original 650 MB to 1.3 GB capacity of a CD on recordable DDCD R and rewritable DDCD RW discs by narrowing the track pitch from 1.6 to 1.1 micrometre micrometer s, and shortening the minimum pit length from 0.833 to 0.623 micrometer. The DDCD was also available in read only format DDCD ROM . All three formats existed also in small 80 mm discs. The technology failed to acquire significant market share before the success of DVD technology. The DVD technology offered a significantly higher capacity four times more initially with 4.7 GB on single layer discs, 8.5 GB on dual layer discs to a max of 17.08GB on a dual side dual layer disc . The only DDCD recorder introduced was the Sony CRX200E . The technology was marked as legacy in the 2006 edition of the SCSI MultiMedia Commands command set. See also Rainbow Books CD R CD RW GD ROM DVD ROM DVD RW HD DVD Blu Ray MultiLevel Recording External links http pc.watch.impress.co.jp docs article 20001018 wpe07.htm WORLD PC EXPO 2000 with photos of That s Double Density CD R by Taiyo Yuden Rainbow Books Category 120 mm discs Category Audio storage Category Video storage Category Optical computer storage media tech stub cs DDCD ja DDCD tr DDCD zh DDCD ... more details
Paul McCartney Paul & Linda McCartney Ram album Ram Yuridia Entre Mariposas See also Compactdisc ... Extended Resolution CompactDisc Category High end audio Category CompactDisc Category Gold af Goud ... more details
the responsibility for any issues arising fromdisc shattering. Rotation speed can be controlled ... countdown DEFAULTSORT CompactDisc Shattering Category CompactDisc ... disc shattering , a phenomenon also known as exploding CDs , occurs when a optical disc wiktionary shatter shatter s inside a high speed optical disc drive 48 or higher CD ROM unit with a loud cracking sound. Typically, the disc and the drive will be ruined. Fragments of the broken disc may be expelled ... A disc shatters when it fails to support the centripetal force required to keep all parts of the disc circular motion moving circularly . The velocity of the edge of a 120 mm disc rotating ... mph To remain in circular motion about the spindle, the disc edge acceleration accelerates at about 7,200 G. The force causing this acceleration is transmitted through the disc itself and is balanced by an opposite force on the other side of the disc. Thus, a disc begins to fail when it can not handle these forces, and a failing disc can then completely shatter due to the imbalance of forces around the disc. Experiments The television series MythBusters MythBusters season 1 CD ROM Shattering ... on the inner hole of the disc. Once these cracks reach a critical length, they propagate in an instant and the disc shatters. The critical length of the crack is a function of the rotational speed. If the drive ... that the crack enters the disc media before becoming critical. At this point the crack enters ... now have more aggressive back off algorithms that detect issues with the disc and this reduces the chance of the disc shattering. Some companies also deliberately slow their drive down to 40 and the user ... news article.cfm 2002 11 19 maxell introduces 48x cd r media and warnes about the risks of higher speeds title Maxell introduces 48x CD R media and warnes about the risks of higher speeds ... disc drive References reflist External links http www.qedata.se e js n cdrom.htm The Case of the Exploding ... more details
discs References references Category CompactDisc de Shape CD ... CDs and DVDs CD r or DVD r or DVD r are not generally available except in standard shapes ... r because the plastic used to produce CD r tends to splinter when cut. It is important that two ... machines where the disc is inserted by manually clipping it onto a spindle the mechanism in virtually all portable CD players , but may not work in drives that load the discfrom a tray, or those that pull the disc into a slot. They can even get stuck in these players. Business card CDs or shaped CDs can hold any type of data and can usually store anywhere from 40MB to 100MB of information ... of this patent has litigated to collect royalties on the production or sale of any non round disc ... produced examples of non round disc that predate the patent. The matter is currently When date November ... more details
A CD Audio Track or .cda file is a small 44 byte s file generated by Microsoft Windows for each track on an Red Book audio CD standard audio CD it is a virtual file that can be read by Windows software, but is not actually present on the CD audio media . The file contains indexing information that programs can use to play or ripping rip the disc. The file is given a name in the format Track .cda . The .cda files do not contain the actual pulse code modulation PCM wave data, but instead tell where on the disc the track starts and stops. If the file is copied from the CD ROM to the computer, it becomes useless, since it is only a shortcut to part of the disc. However, some audio editing and CD creation programs will, from the user s perspective, load .cda files as though they are actual audio data files. See also Audio file format External links http www.moon soft.com program FORMAT sound cda.htm File format Compu storage stub Category Computer file formats fr Compact Disc Audio track ru CDA de Compact Disc Audio ... more details
Image XRCD.jpg thumb eXtended Resolution CompactDisc XRCD is a mastering and manufacture process patented by JVC Victor Company of Japan, Ltd for producing Red Book audio CD standard redbook CompactDisc s. It was first introduced in 1995. A XRCD is priced about twice as high as a regular full priced CD. JVC attributes this to the higher cost of quality mastering and manufacturing. Technical overview The XRCD definition refers to the mastering and manufacture process the resulting CD and the contained data conform to the redbook standard and are encoded at 16 bit s, 44.1 KHz . Hence, XRCDs are playable on any compactdisc player. JVC uses advanced dither algorithm s though without noise shaping in their proprietary K2 technology to transfer the analog or digital source to physical disc. The company claims to have studied how inferior CD remastering techniques degrade the master tape sound and strives to minimize this loss. Mastering process If Analog recording analog , the source material is first converted to digital via JVC s patented K2 20 bit or 24 bit analog to digital converter . The musical information is next encoded on a magneto optical disk for transport to JVC s Yokohama manufacturing plant, where jitter reduction is applied. The musical signal on the disk is down converted to 16 bit through a K2 super coding process. This 16 bit signal is Eight to fourteen modulation EFM encoded before going through a proprietary Extended Pit Cut DVD K2 laser technology to produce ... XRCD.com http www.elusivedisc.com xrcdprocess.pdf Elusive Disc s Explanation of K2 Encoding Process Audio format Category High end audio de Extended Resolution CompactDisc it Extended Resolution CompactDisc ja Extended Resolution CompactDisc tr XRCD zh XRCD ... directly from this glass master. XRCD2 and XRCD24 are improved versions of the original XRCD process ... XRCD24 upgrades the original music signal s bit depth signal from 20 to 24 bits. See also High Definition ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 In addition to digital audio, a compactdisc contains digital data called subcode or subchannel data , which is multiplexed with the digital audio. The data in a CD are arranged in frames. A frame comprises 33 bytes, of which 24 bytes are audio six full stereo samples , eight bytes are error correction Cross interleaved Reed Solomon coding CIRC generated , and one byte is for subcode. The subcode byte is available for control and display. The eight bits are used as eight different subcoding channels, and given letters designating their usage P , Q , , W . Thus each channel has a bit rate of 7.35 44.1 6 kbit s. In each sector there are 2352 byte s 24 98 of audio content data and 96 bytes of subchannel data. The 96 bytes of subchannel information in each sector contain four packets of 24 bytes apiece 1 byte for command, 1 byte for instruction, 2 bytes for parityQ, 16 bytes for data, and 4 bytes parityP. Each of the 96 subchannel data bytes can be thought of as being divided into eight bit s. Each of these bits corresponds to a separate stream of information. These streams are called channels , and are labeled starting with the letter P , like so cellpadding 3 Channel P Q R S T U V W Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Channel P is a simple pause ... to indicate permission to digitally copy the track. Four channel compactdisc digital audio The track uses four channel audio. This is very rarely used on Compact Discs. Pre emphasis The audio track was recorded with pre emphasis. Used very rarely on Compact Discs. Channels R W are unused by Red ... of space available, or in the R through W subcode channels on the disc, which are not used by strict ... Pioneer PD 5010, have a jack on the back labeled Subcode Out . DEFAULTSORT CompactDisc Subcode Category CompactDisc de Subcode ... or the MiniDisc . Note that the CD G or karaoke extension also uses the R W subcode channels ... more details
Refimprove date March 2007 Image cd2.png thumb right A compactdisc in its jewel case . Compactdisc manufacturing is the process by which commercial compactdisc s CDs are replicated in mass quantities using a master version created from a source recording. This may be either in audio form CD Audio or data form CD ROM . This process is used in the Master recording mastering of read only compact discs CD R s, CD RW s, and DVD s are made somewhat differently, though the methods are broadly similar ... disc referred to as a green disc, lacking final processing is removed from the mould by vacuum ... How compact discs are made Explained by a layman for the laymen Category CompactDisc Category ... a few US cents per disk. CD mastering differs from CD burning burning , as the pits and lands of a mastered ... All CDs are pressed from a digital data source, with the most common sources being low error rate CD Rs or files from an attached computer hard drive containing the finished data e. g., music ... or hard drive. In all cases except CD R sources, the tape must be uploaded to a media mastering ... of CDs pressed from the master image. The extra area on the substrate allows for easier handling of the glass ... from the glass substrate. Once the glass substrate is cleaned using detergents and ultrasonic ... from the LBR and chemically developed . Once developing is finished, the glass master is Metallizing ... from the glass master in real time. The pit geometry and quality of the playback can all be adjusted ... taking approximately 1 hour. The part is removed from the tank and the metal layer carefully separated from the glass substrate. The metal part, now called a father , has the desired data as a series ... or chemically, which allows the next plated layer to separate from the father. This layer is a atomic ... from sons. Mothers can be regrown from fathers if they become damaged, or a very long run. If handled correctly there is no limit to the number of stampers that can be grown from a single mother ... more details
Sony CDP 101 from 1982 , one of the earliest CD players affordable to consumer s. A CompactDisc player often written as compactdisc player , or CD player , is an electronic device that plays audio CompactDisc s. CD players are often a part of home stereophonic sound stereo systems, car audio ... cite web url http www.cedmagic.com history sony dp 101.html title CDP 101 The first CompactDisc Audio CD Player from 1982 language accessdate 2007 02 05 year 2007 ref in 1982 utilising a slide out tray ... that pops out, and a motor is used to assist disc insertion and removal. Mini CD Mini CDs and Shaped CompactDisc non circular CDs may have troubles with insertion and or ejection. Pickup mechanisms ... converter DAC . A CompactDisc subcode subcode in an audio CD contains information on the total ... that may be present on a compactdisc, perhaps due to dust, scratches or dirt. CD changer A CD changer holds multiple CompactDisc s, usually in a cartridge, and allows the user to access or play .... They usually hold anywhere from 50 to 300 discs. The mega disc CD player holds its discs in a vertical ... commons category CD players Compact Cassette CompactDisc Hi Fi High end audio Jukebox MP3 CD Optical ... http siber sonic.com audio swingarm.html Swing arm pickup mechanism Category CompactDisc Category ... de CD simple Compactdisc player sk CD prehr va fi CD soitin sv Cd spelare tr CD alar ... archivedate 2007 02 04 ref whose chassis design was derived from the Philips CD100. Apart from ... and also the first to use a design in which the audio electronics were in a separate enclosure from ... chip extracted from a CD player. The three dark rectangles are photosensitive, and read the data from the disk. Electronic tracking keeps the laser beam centered on the middle area. Two types ... counterparts. The radial mechanism works best for CD ROMs, though, as the speed of the disc ... lens system , and a tracking mechanism . The drive motor also called spindle rotates the disc ... more details
Image Cd bronzing.jpg thumb right CD affected by bronzing CD bronzing is a specific variant of disc rot , a type of corrosion that affects the reflective layer of CompactDisc CD s and renders them unreadable over time. The phenomenon was first reported by John McKelvey in the September October 1994 issue of American Record Guide . ref name McKelvey Citation last McKelvey first John title newspaper American Record Guide pages 73 date 1994 09 url ref ref name Hirsch cite web url http www.musiclibraryassoc.org pdf newsletter news122.pdf title Lasting Concerns last Hirsch first Barbara work http www.musiclibraryassoc.org ... music 3940669.stm title Is music safe on compactdisc? last Bishop first Tom work http news.bbc.co.uk ... texts cddestruct90.html DEFAULTSORT CompactDisc Bronzing Category CompactDisc pl CD bronzing ... that usually starts at the edge of the disc and slowly works its way towards the center. The top or label layer is affected before the bottom layer. The disc becomes progressively darker over time tracks at the end of the disc show an increasing number of disc read errors before becoming unplayable ... layer of the disc, even though PDO later said it was because a silver coating had been used on its ... well enough. ref name Hirsch There are also isolated reports of CD discolouring with discs from other ... dye in the disc and is unrelated to the bronzing effect. As bronzing is a progressive effect ... inlay from the CD s jewel case, though it might be advisable to store affected CDs in envelopes made ... from acid deterioration. Because the recording is in the polycarbonate , not the reflective layer ... the polycarbonate with aluminium to conserve the data on the disc. ref name IASA Customer support ... if supplied with the defective disc and proof of purchase, and pledged to re press new CDs until ... continue to offer replacement compact discs. Customers owning bronzed CDs should therefore attempt ... bronzing.htm Article from American Record Guide http www.classical.net music guide society krs ... more details
Category CompactDisc Category Single types ar es Sencillo en CD id CompactDisc single ... simple CompactDisc single ... cannibalizing the sales of higher profit margin CD albums. Due to pressure from record labels ... from the television show The X Factor UK The X Factor . In Australia, the Herald Sun has reported ... 02 ref The ARIA charts ARIA Singles Charts are now predominantly compiled from legal downloads . On a Mission ... an extended play EP in which there may be anywhere from three to six different tracks. These releases ... more details
The CompactDisc File System was a file system for Read only memory read only and Write once cache coherence write once CDROM s developed by Simson Garfinkel and J. Spencer Love at the MIT Media Lab between 1985 and 1986. ref cite article title A File System for Write Once Media author Simson L. Garfinkel publisher MIT Media Lab year 1986 month September url http simson.net clips academic 1986.CDFS.pdf ref The file system provided for the creation, modification, renaming and deletion of files and directories on a write once media. The file system was developed with a write once CDROM simulator and was used to master one of the first CDROMs in 1986. CDFS was never sold, but its source code was published on the Internet and the CDROMs were distributed to Media Lab sponsors. The file system was the basis of WOFS Write Once File System , ref cite article title Designing a Write Once File System journal Dr. Dobb s Journal author Simson L. Garfinkel year 1991 url http simson.net clips 1991 1991.DDJ.WOFS.pdf ref sold by N Hance systems in 1989. References Reflist Category Computer file systems ... more details
About the < abbr> HTML tag HTML element guidelines on making and editing abbreviation articles on Wikipedia Wikipedia Disambiguation and abbreviations Refimprove date May 2008 An abbreviationfrom ... title Doctor Contraction Dr D r Professor Abbreviation Prof. Prof... The Reverend Contraction or Abbreviation Revd or Rev. Rev d The Right Honourable Contraction and Abbreviation Rt Hon. R t Hon ... abbreviation is an abbreviation formed from usually initial syllables of several words, such as Interpol ... of a Letter alphabet letter or group of letters taken from the word or phrase. For example, the word abbreviation can itself be represented by the abbreviation abbr. , abbrv. or abbrev. In strict ... are connoted by the term abbreviation in loose parlance. ref name harts cite book title New Hart ... 19 861041 6 ref rp p167 An abbreviation is a shortening by any method a contraction is a reduction ... or syllable s and bringing together the first and last letters or elements an abbreviation may be made either by omitting certain portions from the interior or by cutting off a part. A contraction is an abbreviation, but an abbreviation is not necessarily a contraction. However, normally acronyms ... can also be used to give a different context to the word itself, such as PIN Number wherein if the abbreviation were removed the context would be invalid . History See also Scribal abbreviation Abbreviations ..., sometimes spawned a trend toward abbreviation. The standardisation of English language English in the 15th ... manually reproducing academic texts to reduce the copy time. An example from the Oxford University ... theory in academic Britain, abbreviating became very fashionable. The use of abbreviation for the names of J. R. R. Tolkien and his friend C. S. Lewis , and other members of the Oxford literary ... 2011 Likewise, a century earlier in Boston , a fad of abbreviation started that swept the United ... French , the period only follows an abbreviation if the last letter in the abbreviation is not the last ... more details
CompactDisc recordings contain two channels of 44.1 kHz 16 bit linear Pulse code modulation PCM audio. However, creators of the CD originally contemplated a four channel, or quadraphonic , mode as well. The proprietary Red Book CD standard Red Book specification, as published by Sony and Philips , briefly mentions a four channel mode in its June 1980, September 1983, and November 1991 editions. On the first page, it lays out the Main parameters of the CD system, including Number of channels 2 and or 4 simultaneously sampled. The footnote says, In the case of more than two channels the encoder and decoder diagrams have to be adapted. The Red Book also reserved the first bit of the so called Q subchannel control field to signal the presence of four channel audio, but did not specify a method for using four channel in the CD system. Had it been later specified, this mode might have included four separate channels of linear PCM audio requiring some combination of faster rotation, a lower sampling rate, or fewer bits per sample . Alternatively, the four channel bit could have been used merely to indicate the presence of a Matrix sound recording matrix encoded recording. In reality, however, the underspecified four channel mode was dropped from the CD standard when it was adopted by the International Electrotechnical Commission and became IEC 908 1987, and later IEC 60908 1999. Various national authorities have also adopted the IEC standard. E.g., it is also European Standard EN 60908 1999. Neither the 1987 nor the 1999 version of the IEC standard discusses the possibility of four channel audio. Instead, the IEC document reserves the first bit of the Q subchannel control field to a different, although similarly cryptic, purpose according to clause 17.5 note 2, it is for Broadcasting use in non audio applications of the CompactDisc. Since the behavior of the four channel or Broadcasting ... flag Category Audio storage Category CompactDisc zh CD ... more details
CD DVD copy protection is a blanket term for various methods of copy protection for compactdisc CD s and DVD ... the hill ... When the drive is told to read from or seek to sector 6553 , it calculates the physical distance, moves the laser diode and starts reading from the spinning disc, waiting for sector 6553 ... to read from or seek to sector 6553 on such a disc, the resulting sector content depends on the position the drive starts seeking from. If the drive has to seek forwards, the sector s original content ... by record companies to market copy protected non standard compact discs. Philips has stated that such discs are not permitted to bear the trademark ed CompactDisc Digital Audio logo because they violate ... program, that reads digital audio from the disc in the same way as a CD ripper were to subsequently ... cdrom cd protections.shtml CDMediaWorld s CD protection page DEFAULTSORT CompactDisc And Dvd Copy Protection Category Optical disc copy protection Category Copy protection CompactDisc and DVD ... process, so that a protected medium is distinguishable from an unprotected one. cannot ... within the filesystem. Early generations of software copied every single file one by one from the original ... ROM are addressed and how the drive seeks from one sector to another. On every CD ROM the sectors ... from it expecting the Mary version to appear. When a program tries to copy such a CD ... sectors need to be further apart on the disc. Nonetheless, the basic principle of the technique ... writable media differ from each other. Data Position Measurement DPM detects these little physical differences ..., as do Nintendo optical disc s. Current situation The Red Book audio CD standard Red Book audio specification ... to be able to record from these protected discs. Nonetheless, there has been great public ... Extended Copy Protection XCP on discs from 52 artists. ref http cp.sonybmg.com xcp english titles.html ref Upon inserting such a disc in the CD drive of a computer running Microsoft Windows , the XCP ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name The Norman & Nancy Blake CompactDisc Type Compilation album Artist Norman Blake American musician Norman Blake , Nancy Blake Cover NormanNancyCompactDisc.jpg Released 1986 Recorded Genre Americana music Americana , Bluegrass music bluegrass , Folk music folk Length 64 12 Label Rounder Records Rounder Producer Norman Blake American musician Norman Blake Reviews Allmusic Rating 4 5 Allmusic class album id r124128 pure url yes link Chronology Norman Blake American musician Norman Blake Last album Lighthouse on the Shore br 1985 This album The Norman & Nancy Blake CompactDisc br 1986 Next album Natasha s Waltz br 1987 The Norman & Nancy Blake CompactDisc is a compilation album of United States American musician s Norman Blake American musician Norman Blake and Nancy Blake , released in 1986. It contains both Lighthouse on the Shore and Nancy s solo release Grand Junction on one CD. Track listing Hello Stranger Carter Family 3 07 New Bicycle Hornpipe Norman Blake 2 32 Marquis of Huntley William Marshall, Traditional 2 30 Florida Rag John Hartford 3 08 Jordan Am a Hard Road to Travel Uncle Dave Macon 3 59 Belize Blake 3 40 Elzic s Farewell Traditional 4 23 Lighthouse on the Shore Blake 5 08 Grand Junction Blake 3 05 Butterfly Weed Blake 2 54 President Garfield s Hornpipe Traditional 2 23 In Russia We Have Parking Lots, Too Blake 2 42 Wroxall Blake 2 14 If I Lose, I Don t Care Traditional 3 01 The Chrysanthemum Scott Joplin 3 47 Lima Road Jig Blake 1 40 Boston Boy Last Night s Joy Traditional 2 21 My Love Is Like a Red, Red Rose Robert Burns 3 49 Peacock s Feather Traditional 1 42 Wildwood Flower Carter Family 3 17 Tennessee Mountain Fox Chase Traditional 2 50 Personnel Norman Blake vocals, banjo, fiddle, guitar, mandolin, mandola Nancy Blake fiddle, mandolin, accordion, cello, bass, guitar, vocals James Bryan fiddle, viola Tom Jackson banjo 1980s folk album stub Norman Blake DEFAULTSORT Norman & Nancy Blake CompactDisc ... more details
of recordings of the famous Italian opera tenor Enrico Caruso 1873&ndash 1921 on compactdisc . Caruso died nearly three decades before the commercial introduction of Gramophone record History ... commercial electrical recordings were introduced. Caruso Complete Compact The collection Caruso Complete Compact Germany 1990, Bayer Da Capo BR 200 010 23 14 CDs plus a bonus disk is the most complete ... Zimarra private recording, with comment from Frances Alda, and other surprises. This edition is only ... in 1993 by Pearl Records. Disc 1 Sancta Maria Gabriel Faur Tiempo antico Enrico Caruso Jr. Santa Lucia ... L alba separa dalla luce l ombra F. Paolo Tosti Oh lumi re du jour Anton Rubinstein Disc 2 A la ... Teodoro Cottrau Disc 3 Tre giorni son che Nina Premiere caresse Vincenzo di Crescenzo Senza nisciuno ... compris L. Denza Les deux serenades R. Leoncavallo La procession C. Frank O souverain, o juge, o pere ... Caruso The Great Caruso was released in 1997 by Living Era . Most of the songs are from well known opera s. Vesti la giubba R. Leoncavallo Una furtiva lagrima G. Donizetti Chiudo gli occhi J. Massenet ... o quella from Rigoletto La donna mobile from Rigoletto Ah si ben mio coll essere from Il trovatore Di quella pira from Il Trovatore Quel suon... Ah che la morte Miserere from Il trovatore Se m ami ancor... Ai nostri monti from Il trovatore Libiamo, ne lieti calici Brindisi from La traviata Di tu sei fedele from Un ballo in maschera Della natal sua terra il padre... O tu che in seno agl angeli from La forza del destino Celeste Aida from Aida Nell ore arcante della sua lussaria... Ora e per sempre addio from Otello Oh mostruosa colpa ... Si, pel ciel from Otello Cielo e mar from La Gioconda opera La Gioconda Un d all azzurro spazio from Andrea Ch nier O Lola Siciliana from Cavalleria rusticana ... was released in 2000 by Living Era . Disc 1 Vesti la giubba Una furtiva lagrima Chiudo gli occhi ... O sole mio Disc 2 Listen title Frondi tenere e belle Ombra mai fu filename Enrico Caruso, George ... more details
This is a list of notable copy protection schemes. Commercial CD protection schemes Please only add schemes which have their own article. CD Cops SafeDisc versions 1 5 SafeCast SecuROM StarForce TAGES Commercial DVD protection schemes Please only add schemes which have their own article. DVD Cops ProtectDISC Software ProtectDISC Video RipGuard SecuROM SafeDisc version 4 Sony ARccOS Protection TAGES Commercial Audio CD DVD protection schemes Please only add schemes which have their own article. Cactus Data Shield Key2Audio MediaMax CD3 Extended Copy Protection XCP Console CD protection schemes Please only add schemes which have their own article. Dreamcast GD ROM PlayStation CD ROM Xbox DVD RSA algorithm RSA , CSS Content Scramble System Content scrambling system Category Optical disc copy protection ... more details
Infobox Film name Flying Disc Man from Mars director Fred C. Brannon image Flying Disc Man from Mars FilmPoster.jpeg producer Franklin Adreon writer Ronald Davidson starring Walter Reed actor Walter Reed ... Flying Disc Man from Mars 1950 is a Republic Pictures Republic Serial film film serial . This is considered ..., disc ship pilot henchman Production Flying Disc Man from Mars was budgeted at 152,640 although ... working title s Atom Man from Mars , Disc Man from Mars , Disc Men of the Skies , Flying Planet Men and Jet Man from Mars . ref name mathis The serial s production number was 1709. ref name mathis ... Release Theatrical Flying Disc Man from Mars s official release date is 25 October 1950, although ... Flying Disc Man from Mars http www.serialexperience.com showarticle.php?fldRecNum 287 Flying Disc Man from Mars at Todd Gault s Movie Serial Experience Internet Archive film id FLYINGDISCMANFROMMARS1950CHAPTER1MENACEFROMMARS ... serials Category Films directed by Fred C. Brannon Category Mars in film ro Flying Disc Man from Mars ... Monster costume from that serial. ref name GMS cite book last Harmon first Jim coauthors Donald F. Glut ... Routledge isbn 9780713000979 pages 55 56 chapter 2. We Come from Earth , Don t You Understand? ref Special effects The Flying Discfrom King of the Mounties is reused for this serial. The Japanese logo is still visible on its side. ref name GMS Stock footage from several earlier serials was used to pad out the serial and keep costs down. This includes the Rocket crash from The Purple Monster Strikes , a car chase from Secret Service in Darkest Africa and various pieces from G Men vs. the Black ... of fourteen feature films Republic made from their serials. ref name mathis Chapter titles Menace from Mars 20min The Volcano s Secret 13min 20s Death Rides the Stratosphere 13min 20s Execution ... Republic Serial film Serial before Desperadoes of the West 1950 in film 1950 years Flying Disc Man from Mars 1950 in film 1950 after Don Daredevil Rides Again 1951 in film 1951 end Space opera serials ... more details
Postal abbreviation can refer to Australian postal abbreviations Canadian subnational postal abbreviations United States postal abbreviations disambig ... more details
wiktionary disc disk TOCRight A disc International English or disk American English , from Latin language ... from the receptacle of the flower Intervertebral disc , in animal anatomy, part of the spine Placenta or placental disc, in mammals, an organ that connects a developing fetus to its mother s uterus Optic disc , in the retina Mathematics Disk mathematics , the region in a plane enclosed by a circle ... using a flexible disc Hard disk drive , a non volatile magnetic data storage device Optical disc , commonly a polycarbonate disc Blu ray Disc BD , a high density optical disc intended mainly for video storage CompactDisc CD , a form of optical disc used mainly for audio data Digital Versatile Disc DVD , a form of optical disc used mainly for video and other data Enhanced Versatile Disc EVD , an optical ... Disc HD DVD , a high density optical disc intended mainly for video storage Holographic Versatile Disc HVD , a next generation ultra high density optical disc format replacement for Blu ray Laserdisc LD , the first commercial optical disc storage medium MiniDisc MD , a magneto optical disc based data storage device Disc film , a still photography film format RAM disk , a volatile solid state drive ... , an analog recording medium LP record a specific type of gramophone record Aluminum disc an analog recording disc used mainly for early radio recordings Acetate disc an aluminium disc coated with nitrocellulose lacquer Science Astronomy Accretion disc , diffuse material in orbital motion around ... and debris in orbit around a star Disc galaxy , a disc shaped group of stars Protoplanetary disk , a rotating disc of dense gas surrounding a newly formed star, a form of accretion disc Scattered disc ... Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1 , a human gene with a wide array of interactions DISC assessment , in psychology, a group of psychometric tests based on the work of William Moulton Marston Motoring Disc brake , a device for slowing or stopping the rotation of a wheel Disc parking , a parking regulation ... more details
wiktionary compactCompact as used in politics may refer broadly to a pact or treaty in more specific cases it may refer to Interstate compactCompact government , a type of colonial rule utilized in British North America Compact of Free Association whereby the sovereign states of the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau have entered into as associated states with the United States. Within mathematics, compact may refer to Compact element , those elements of a partially ordered set that cannot be subsumed by a supremum of any directed set that does not already contain them Compact operator , a linear operator that takes bounded subsets to relatively compact subsets, in functional analysis Compact space , a topological space such that every open cover has a finite subcover Quasi compact morphism , a morphism of schemes for which the inverse image of any quasi compact open set is again quasi compactCompact may also refer to Compact car , a classification of automobile size Compact cosmetics , a case containing one or more of the following, a mirror, pressed powder, and or a powder puff Compact newspaper , a broadsheet quality newspaper printed in a tabloid format Compact Books , a UK imprint Compact Software , a technology company founded in 1973 Compact TV series Compact TV series , a 1960s British soap opera Compact star , also called a compact object, a degenerate star like a neutron star Compact band , Romanian rock band, founded 1977 in Cluj Napoca See also Kompakt , German record label disambiguation cs Kompakt de Kompakt fr Compact ko ja pl Kompakt ro Compact dezambiguizare sk Kompakt ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Notability date January 2009 USA The Compact is a social and environmental Social movement movement whose members promise not to buy anything new for a year. It was started in San Francisco . ref http www.startribune.com business 13513951.html ref The movement began as a challenge among 10 friends in 2006 . ref http www.sfgate.com cgi bin article.cgi?f c a 2006 02 13 BAGH3H7DH71.DTL ref Goals of the Compact to go beyond recycling in trying to counteract the negative global ... local businesses, farms, etc to reduce clutter and waste in our homes as in trash Compact er to simple living simplify our lives as in Calm pact Members of the Compact are only allowed ... year vow the Compact members must shop only at second hand stores. They can also barter or simply ... source of used goods. Members of the Compact frown upon material consumerism . However, they are allowed .... There is a difference between wanting and needing and Compact Members know the difference. There are currently .... England United Kingdom In England, The Compact is an agreement between the Government and National .... It aims to improve the relationship between the two sectors for mutual advantage. br The Compact is made ... br br Established in April 2007, the Commission for the Compact is an independent public body responsible for overseeing and promoting use of the Compact. The Commission is sponsored by the Office of the Third ... for the Compact is Sir Bert Massie CBE. Almost all local authority areas have now developed a Local Compact in partnership with the voluntary and community sector. The national umbrella organisation supporting Local Compacts is called the Compact Voice. References reflist External links http www.washingtonpost.com ... Eschew Consumer Culture to Live Secondhand http www.thecompact.org.uk The Commission for the Compact http www.compactvoice.org.uk Compact Voice http www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk Cabinet Office DEFAULTSORT Compact Category Environmental movements Category Simple living ... more details
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