Confabulation is a memory disturbance that is characterized by verbal statements and or actions that inaccurately ..., G. 1993 . Confabulation knowledge and recollective experience. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 10 1 , 1 20. ref Confabulation is considered honest lying, but is distinct from lying because there is typically ... Moscovitch Moscovitch M. 1995. Confabulation. In Eds. Schacter D.L., Coyle J.T., Fischbach G.D., Mesulum .... ref Although patients can present blatantly false information fantastic confabulation , confabulatory ... The most known causes of confabulation are traumatic and acquired e.g., aneurysm , edema brain damage ... types of confabulation are often distinguished spontaneous and provoked. Spontaneous, or primary, confabulations do not occur in response to a cue ref name models of confabulation and seem to be involuntary. ref name mechanisms of spontaneous confabulation cite journal last Gilboa first A. title ... 2006 volume 129 issue 6 pages 1399 1414 doi 10.1093 brain awl093 ref Spontaneous confabulation is also ... amnesia, and is more common in cases of dementia. ref name ReferenceA Kopelman, M.D. Two types of confabulation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1987a 50 1482 7. ref Provoked, momentary, or secondary, confabulation ... of confabulation Another distinction found in confabulations is that between verbal and behavioral ... occur when an individual acts on their false memories. ref name mechanisms of spontaneous confabulation ... of confabulation is commonly seen in Korsakoff s syndrome Korsakoff s syndrome ref cite journal ... accessdate 5 March 2012 pmid 19151162 ref . Characteristic Features of Confabulation Typically ... Theories of Confabulation Theories of confabulation range in emphasis. Some theories propose that confabulations ... models of confabulation cite journal last Metcalf first Kasey coauthors Langdon, Robyn, Coltheart, Max title Models of confabulation A critical review and a new framework journal Cognitive Neuropsychology ... use neurocognitive links to explain the process of confabulation. ref name Spontaneous and Fantastic ... more details
A confabulation , also known as a False memory false , degraded, or corrupted memory, is a stable pattern of activation in a neural network or neural assembly that does not correspond to any previously learned patterns. The same term is also applied to the neural mistake making process leading to a false memory. Cognitive science In cognitive science , the generation of confabulatory patterns is symptomatic of some forms of brain trauma . ref Gazzaniga, M. S. 1995 . The Cognitive Neurosciences, A Bradford Book, The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. ref In this, confabulations relate to pathologically induced neural activation patterns depart from direct experience and learned relationships. In computational modeling of such damage, related brain Pathology pathologies such as dyslexia and hallucination result from simulated lesion ing ref Plaut, D.C. 1993 . Deep Dyslexia A case of connectionist neuropsychology. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 10 5 , 377 500. ref and neuron death ref Yam, P. 1993 . Daisy, Daisy Do computers have near death experience, Scientific American, May 1993. ref . Forms of confabulation in which missing or incomplete information is incorrectly filled in by the brain are generally modelled by the well known neural network process called pattern completion ref http www.rni.org ftsommer FS neural associative memory.html ref . Neural networks Confabulation is central ... Hesman, T. 2004 . The concept of such opportunistic confabulation grew out of experiments with artificial ... inductive reasoning The term confabulation is also used in describing inductive reasoning accomplished via Bayesian network s ref Hecht Nielsen, R 2005 . Cogent confabulation. Neural Networks 18 111 115. ref . Confabulation is used to select the expectancy of the concept that follows a particular ... occur in multiple, conflicting contexts and so confabulation yields a consensus of an expected event ... computation on many contexts is postulated to occur in less than a tenth of a second. Confabulation ... more details
False memory refers to the recollection of an event, or the details of an event, that did not occur. The term may also refer to False memory syndrome Source monitoring error Confabulation False Memory novel False Memory novel , by Dean Koontz disambig ... more details
author . authorlink title Brain Fiction Self deception and the riddle of confabulation url http books.google.com ... date 2009 author Editor title Confabulation Views from Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Psychology, and Philosophy url http books.google.com books?id iMzssb47cl4C&printsec frontcover&dq confabulation hirstein&hl ... spin central American Scientist Review of Brain Fiction Self Deception and the Riddle of Confabulation ... more details
Wernicke syndrome is an ambiguous term. It may refer to Receptive aphasia Wernicke aphasia the eponym ous term for receptive or sensory aphasia. Wernicke s encephalopathy Wernicke encephalopathy an acute neurology neurological syndrome of ophthalmoparesis , ataxia , and encephalopathy brought on by thiamine deficiency. Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome , also called Korsakoff psychosis a subacute dementia syndrome, often following Wernicke encephalopathy , characterized clinically by confabulation and clinicopathologically correlated with degeneration of the mammillary body mammillary bodies . See also Carl Wernicke 1848 1905 , the neurologist who described all of these syndromes. Wernicke s area , named after Carl Wernicke, a brain region associated with the understanding of written and spoken language. disambig it Sindrome di Wernicke ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Actinic conjunctivitis Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICD9 370.24 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Actinic conjunctivitis is an Conjunctivitis inflammation of the eye contracted from prolonged exposure to actinic ultraviolet rays. Symptoms are redness and swelling of the eyes. Most often the condition is caused by prolonged exposure to Klieg light s, therapeutic lamps, or acetylene torches. Other names for the condition include Klieg conjunctivitis, eyeburn, arc flash, welder s conjunctivitis, flash keratoconjunctivitis, actinic ray ophthalmia, x ray ophthalmia, and ultraviolet ray ophthalmia. ref Cite web url http mercksource.com pp us cns cns hl dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd c 52zPzhtm title Dorland s Medical Dictionary confabulation connexus accessdate 2007 07 27 archiveurl http web.archive.org web 20070813230115 http www.mercksource.com pp us cns cns hl dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd c 52zPzhtm archivedate 13 August 2007 DASHBot deadurl no ref References reflist See also Conjunctivitis Photokeratitis Eye pathology Category Diseases of the eye and adnexa Category Inflammations disease stub es Conjuntivitis act nica hr Aktini ki keratitis ... more details
One source date July 2009 Memory distrust syndrome is a term coined by G sli Gu j nsson and James MacKeith in 1982, to describe those who distrust their own memories and are motivated to rely on external non self sources to verify the accuracy of memories. Memory distrust syndrome is associated with source amnesia , which prohibits full recollection of how one acquired a specific memory. Additionally, memory distrust syndrome involves confusion concerning the content or context of events, a highly attributable factor to confabulation in brain disease . The overwhelming propensity to accept information from external sources i.e. an interrogator based on the influence of susceptibility has led to well documented false confession s. In addition, the credibility of a witness account who suffers from memory distrust syndrome is more questionable. In a parallel situation, amnesic individuals may have a greater propensity to have their memory manipulated and perhaps perform non advantageous acts on the direction of external sources and have difficulty in differentiating imaginary and real experiences. Since the criminal law system considers source amnesia pathology to be an identified and natural occurrence, psychiatrists should increasingly take assessment and identification measures to isolate such a disorder in accused individuals and eye witnesses. References cite journal last Lakhan first Shaheen title Neuropsychological Generation of Source Amnesia An Episodic Memory Disorder of the Frontal Brain journal Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences volume 1 issue 1 publisher Scientific Journals International url http www.scientificjournals.org journals2007 articles 1038.htm DEFAULTSORT Memory Distrust Syndrome Category Memory disorders no Memory distrust syndrome ... more details
. & Nys, G. M. S. 2008 . Confabulation behavior and false memories in Korsakoff s syndrome Role ... patients used confabulation to fill in memory gaps. However, it has been found that confabulation ... provoked confabulation, spontaneous confabulation which is unprovoked and false memories. ref Kessels, R. P. C., Kortrijk, H. E., Wester, A. J. & Nys, G. M. S. 2008 . Confabulation behavior and false ... s syndrome. Signs Apathy Ataxia Coma Confabulation Paralysis of muscles controlling the eye Retrograde ... more details
Infobox scientist name Robert Hecht Nielsen image image size caption birth date 1947 birth place San Francisco death date death place residence citizenship nationality ethnicity field Computer Science work institution University of California, San Diego alma mater doctoral advisor doctoral students known for author abbreviation bot author abbreviation zoo prizes religion footnotes Robert Hecht Nielsen born 1947 is an adjunct professor of electrical engineering electrical and computer science computer engineering at the University of California, San Diego . He co founded HNC Software, and became a vice president of R&D at Fair Isaac Corporation when it acquired the company. In March, 2005, he held an event to announce the fundamental mechanism of cognition , which he believes is a process of confabulation neural networks . He posits that all actions and thoughts begin as the winners of competitions, where confabulations are tested for cogency based on antecedent support . He presented some mathematical models of the proposed mechanism, and some experimental results where software using this system was able to add several words to a stub of a sentence, keeping that stub coherent and, optionally, maintaining some connection to a full input sentence supplied as context. For example, given But the other ... the program returns But the other semifinal match between fourth seeded ... . Given Japan manufactures many consumer products. for context, and the same three word stub, it returns But the other executives included well known companies ... . Five pages of such examples were given. He made red, green, and blue striped medallions to commemorate the event, and had them distributed to the audience along with pamphlets explaining their significance The upward pointing arrow at the top...represents our mutual responsibility to carefully guide the start of the new anthropologic era following the era of civilization which began at the end of this talk. This new era, which as ... more details
G sli Hannes Gu j nsson , Order of the British Empire CBE born 26 October 1947 is a Professor of Forensic Psychology at the Institute of Psychiatry of King s College London . He is an internationally renowned authority on suggestibility and false confessions whose expert testimony was the basis for the convictions of the Birmingham Six and Guildford Four being overturned. He created the Gudjonsson suggestibility scale to measure how susceptible someone is to coercion during an interrogation. Biography He was born on 26 October 1947. In 1982, he coined the term memory distrust syndrome , to describe those who distrust their own memories and are motivated to rely on external non self sources to verify the accuracy of memories. He was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire CBE in the 2011 Birthday Honours for services to clinical psychology. ref London Gazette issue 59808 date 11 June 2011 startpage 7 supp yes ref ref cite web title Main list of the 2011 Queen s birthday honours recipients url http news.bbc.co.uk 2 shared bsp hi pdfs 11 06 11honours mainlist.pdf publisher BBC News UK accessdate 11 June 2011 ref Selected list of publications Psychology brings justice the science of forensic psychology Crim Behav Ment Health. 2003 13 3 159 67 http www.wiley.com WileyCDA WileyTitle productCd 0470844612.html The Psychology of Interrogations and Confessions. A Handbook. Chichester John Wiley & Sons. 2003 Forensic Psychology. A Guide to Practice with Lionel Haward The relationship between confabulation and intellectual ability, memory, interrogative suggestibility and acquiescence. Personality and Individual Differences , 1995 The Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scales Manual . Hove, UK Psychology Press. 1997 http www.google.com search?q cache dugX1CZreUQJ www.psych.umn.edu courses spring06 lippmannb psy4960 discussion 2520readings alcohol 2520withdrawal 2520and 2520suggestibility.pdf 22G.H. Gudjonsson 22 22Institute of Psychiatry 22 22suggestibility scale 22&hl en ... more details
Infobox Artery Name Anterior communicating artery Latin arteria communicans anterior GraySubject 146 GrayPage 572 Image Circle of Willis en.svg Caption The cerebral arterial circle and arteries of the brain. The anterior communicating arteries top of figure connect the left and right anterior cerebral artery anterior cerebral arteries . BranchFrom BranchTo Vein Supplies MeshName MeshNumber In human anatomy , the anterior communicating artery is a blood vessel of the brain that connects the left and right anterior cerebral artery anterior cerebral arteries . The anterior communicating artery connects the two anterior cerebral arteries across the commencement of the longitudinal fissure . Sometimes this vessel is wanting, the two arteries joining together to form a single trunk, which afterward divides or it may be wholly, or partially, divided into two. Its length averages about 4 mm, but varies greatly. It gives off some of the anteromedial ganglionic vessels, but these are principally derived from the anterior cerebral artery. It is part of the circle of Willis cerebral arterial circle , also known as the circle of Willis . Pathology Aneurysm s of the anterior communicating artery are the most common circle of Willis aneurysm ref Beck J, Rohde S, Berkefeld J, Seifert V, Raabe A. Size and location of ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms measured by 3 dimensional rotational angiography. Surg Neurol. 2006 Jan 65 1 18 25 discussion 25 7. PMID 16378842. ref and can cause visual field loss visual field defect s such as bitemporal hemianopsia , ref Aoki N. Partially thrombosed aneurysm presenting as the sudden onset of bitemporal hemianopsia. Neurosurgery. 1988 Mar 22 3 564 6. PMID 3362325. ref psychopathology and frontal lobe pathology. ref Johnson MK, O Connor M, Cantor J. Confabulation, memory deficits, and frontal dysfunction. Brain Cogn. 1997 Jul 34 2 189 206. PMID 9220085. ref Image Arteries beneath brain.png thumb center 500px The arteries of the base of ... more details
infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name What a Piece of Work I Am title orig translator image Deleted image removed Image What a piece.jpg 200px prefer 1st edition image caption author Eric Kraft cover artist country United States language English language English series The Personal History, Adventures, Experiences & Observations of Peter Leroy genre Comedy novel publisher Crown publisher Crown release date 5 April, 1994 in literature 1994 media type Print Hardcover , Paperback pages 275 pp first edition hardcover isbn ISBN 0 517 59612 1 first edition harcover dewey 813 .54 20 congress PS3561.R22 W43 1994 oclc 28418858 preceded by Where Do You Stop? followed by At Home with the Glynns What A Piece of Work I Am A Confabulation is a novel by Eric Kraft . It is part of his ongoing project of interconnected fiction The Personal History, Adventures, Experiences and Observations of Peter Leroy. The novel is narrated by Leroy, but mainly concerns his boyhood crush and sultry muse, Ariane Lodkcochnikov. Plot summary We are told at the beginning of the novel that Ariane is a figment of his imagination, yet we learn her life story in intimate detail and the lines between reality and imagination are blurred throughout the story. Named for Ariadne , the heroine of Greek myth who helps Theseus escape the Minotaur , Ariane begins as the promiscuous beauty of the fictional town of Babbington, Long Island. We follow as she tries to escape her demeaning job at a clam shack and bad girl reputation, going through several phases of personal examination and reinvention. Ariane is an energetic storyteller, and she relates her story to Leroy and the reader through a series of funny and poignant episodes that explore the power of personal fantasy. In one sequence, Leroy s grandfather, with Ariane s help, comforts his dying wife by pretending their home is a ship making the journey to the tropical destination of Rarotonga . Later, we learn that muc ... more details
Infobox Brain Name Basal forebrain Latin pars basalis telencephali GraySubject GrayPage Image Basal Forebrain Monakhos 2007.png Caption The Basal Forebrain BrainInfoType ancil BrainInfoNumber 1997 IsPartOf Components Artery Vein MeshNumber NeuroLex Basal Forebrain NeuroLexID birnlex 1560 The basal forebrain is a collection of structures located ventrally to the striatum . It is considered to be the major cholinergic output of the central nervous system CNS . It includes a group of structures that lie near the bottom of the front of the brain, including the nucleus basalis , diagonal band of Broca , and medial septal nuclei . These structures are important in the production of acetylcholine , which is then distributed widely throughout the brain. Function Acetylcholine affects the ability of brain cells to transmit information to one another, and also encourages plasticity, or learning. Thus, damage to the basal forebrain can reduce the amount of acetylcholine in the brain and impair learning. This may be one reason why basal forebrain damage can result in memory impairments such as amnesia and confabulation. One common cause of basal forebrain damage is aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery. ref http www.memorylossonline.com glossary basalforebrain.html Memory Loss & the Brain Bot generated title ref Research, conducted by investigators from Children s Hospital Boston and the University of Helsinki , ties together previous observations about sleep and finds that nitric oxide production in the basal forebrain is both necessary and sufficient to produce sleep . ref http www.sciencedaily.com releases 2006 09 060908094456.htm Need To Pull An All nighter? Reducing Nitric Oxide Gas In The Brain May Help Us Stay Awake Bot generated title ref The name forebrain can be confusing because fore usually stands for front , and in this case forebrain stands for the top of the brain. This structure is defined, in part, as the place where adenosine acts on Adenosine A1 recep ... more details
Kathy Pezdek is Professor and Associate Dean of the School of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences SBOS , Claremont Graduate University in Claremont, California. Dr. Pezdek is a cognitive psychologist specializing in the study of eyewitness memory . She frequently serves as an expert witness in the area of eyewitness identification and has testified on this topic in Federal, State and Superior Court cases. Her extensive research has focused on a range of topics related to Law and Psychology that apply to both adults and children. These topics include face memory, suggestibility of memory, lineup techniques, and detecting deception. Kathy Pezdek is a Fellow of the American Psychological Society, has served as Editor of Applied Cognitive Psychology and is currently on the Editorial Boards of the Journal of Applied Psychology and Legal and Criminological Psychology. Education Dr. Pezdek received her B.S. in psychology from the University of Virginia, Fredericksburg, and her M.A. and Ph.D. in psychology from the University of Massachesetts, Amherst. Bibliography Recent Pezdek publications include Pezdek, K., Sperry, K., & Owens, S.M. in press . Interviewing Witnesses The Effect of Forced Confabulation on Event Memory. Law & Human Behavior. Pezdek, K., Blandon Gitlin, I., Lam, S., Hart, R.E. & Schooler, J. in press . Is knowing believing? The role of event plausibility and background knowledge in planting false beliefs about the personal past. Memory & Cognition. Pezdek, K. & Blandon Gitlin, I. in press . When is an intervening lineup most likely to affect eyewitness identification accuracy? Legal and Criminological Psychology. Blandon Gitlin, I., Pezdek, K, Rogers, M. & Brodie, L. in press . Detecting deception in children An experimental study of the effect of event familiarity on CBCA ratings, Law & Human Behavior. Pezdek, K. 2007 . It s Just Not Good Science. Consciousness & Cognition, 16, 29 30. Pezdek, K. & Lam, S. 2007 . What research paradigms have cognitive ps ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Sydney Bernard Smith 4 August 1936 11 October 2008 ref http www.irishtimes.com notices index.cfm?fuseaction detail&advert 710450&publish 14 10 2008 ref was a Scots Irish poet, dramatist, actor and novelist. He was born in Glasgow but brought up in Portstewart , County Londonderry in Northern Ireland . He was elected a member of Aosdana ref http aosdana.artscouncil.ie Members.aspx?former 1 ref in 1982. Education He was educated at Clongowes Wood College , Queen s College, Oxford and the University of Iowa International Writer s programme. He later taught at Clongowes Wood College. He also worked as a teacher at Sandymount High School in Dublin , the University of Iowa and Ithaca College in Ithaca, New York. He also taught in Germany and Spain. Publications Following ref is blacklisted... ref http stores.lulu.com store.php?fAcctID 726653 ref Poetry collections included br Girl With Violin 1968 br Priorities 1979 br Sensualities 1981 br Scurrilities 1981 br New and Selected Poems 1984 br His plays included br Sherca 1976 br Don Bosco, Grainne and the Dole 1977 br The Impertinence of being Frank 1978 br The Illaunapsppie Triangle 1978 br Houseparty 1979 br Swim Away Babies 1984 br On Course for Brazil 1985 br How to Roast a Strasbourg Goose Dublin Theatre Festival, 1985 br Up for Bloomsday 1985 br The 2nd Grand Confabulation of Drum Ceat Dublin Theatre Festival, 1989 br Reason not the Need 1992 br The Shaming of the True 1995 Novels br Flannery 1991 br The Book of Shannow published in literary magazines His work was broadcast on RT , BBC and Channel 4 , and staged in Ireland at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe and in the USA. Personal life Smith was married to Cynthia n e Hoxie and they had three sons Daniel, Sydney George, Cormac and a daughter Emer . At the time of his death he lived in Dundalk , County Louth in Ireland. References references Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Smith, Sydney Bernard ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCR ... more details
Mikl s Maros b. 14 November 1943 is a Hungarian composer. He was born in P cs , the son of composer Rudolf Maros and violinist Kl ra Moln r. He studied at the B la Bart k Conservatory of Budapest with Rezs Sug r and at the Ferenc Liszt Music Academy with Ferenc Szab , and continued his studies in Stockholm with Ingvar Lidholm and Gy rgy Ligeti . ref cite book title The new Grove dictionary of music and musicians Volume 15 author Tyrrell, John date 2001 ref From 1971 to 1973, Maros was composition teacher at the Stockholm Secondary School of Music. From 1971 to 1978, he taught at the Studio for Electronic Music EMS in Stockholm, and from 1976 to 1980 he taught at Stockholm Muikcollege. From 1980 to 1981, he was a guest of the Berlin Artists Program of the German Academic Exchange Service in West Berlin . In 1972 he and his wife, singer Ilona Maros, formed the Maros Ensemble for the performance of contemporary music. In 1990 Maros received the Lifetime Artists Award of the Swedish Government. ref cite book title New music of the Nordic countries first John David last White first2 Jean last2 Christensen date 2002 ref Miklos Maros s music has been performed by acclaimed ensembles such as The Gothenburg Combo Works In addition to two operas, he composed many works for chamber ensembles, symphonic works, concertos and vocal works. Selected compositions include Stage Stora Grusharpan The Large Gravel Harp , opera, 1982 Neuter Neuter , opera, 2002 Orchestral Symphony No. 4 for orchestra, 1998 Concertante Sinfonia Concertante Symphonie No. 3 for violin, cello, double bass and strings, 1986 Konzertmusik Concert Music for violin, viola and chamber ensemble, 1992 Chamber music Violasonata for viola and live electronics, 1970 Gl djebud Good Tidings for trumpet, violin and viola, 1971 An Arty and crafty Lilt for alto, viola or cello and piano, 1976 Diptychon for viola and organ, 1979 Partite for viola and piano, 1991 Claris for clarinet, viola and piano, 1994 Confabulation for ... more details
and which are not. Confabulation resultant from the planting of these memories resolves temporary ... ref while others have been deemed confabulation s or false memories that were not legally admissible ... abduction Confabulation Lost in the mall technique McMartin preschool trial Memory bias Footnotes ... more details
confusing date May 2008 Deliriants are a class of hallucinogen . The term was introduced by David F. Duncan and Robert S. Gold to distinguish these drugs from psychedelic drug psychedelics , such as LSD , due to their primary effect of causing delirium , as opposed to the more lucid states produced by other hallucinogens psychedelic drug psychedelics and dissociative s . ref Duncan, D. F., and Gold, R. S. 1982 . Drugs and the Whole Person. New York John Wiley & Sons ref Effects The delirium produced is characterized by stupor , utter confusion , confabulation , and regression to phantom behaviors such as disrobing and plucking hair removal plucking . Other commonly reported behaviors include holding full and life like conversations with imagined people, finishing a complex, multi stage action such as getting dressed and then suddenly discovering you had not even begun yet, and being unable to recognize one s own reflection in a Mirror Test mirror . The effects have been likened to sleepwalking , a fugue state or a psychotic episode particularly in that the subject has minimal control over their actions and little to no recall of the experience . This is a notable departure from typical hallucinogens . Members Naturally occurring deliriants are found in plant species such as Atropa belladonna deadly nightshade , various Brugmansia species Angel s Trumpets , Datura stramonium Jimson weed , Hyoscyamus niger henbane , and Mandragora officinarum mandrake in the form of tropane alkaloid s notably atropine , scopolamine , and hyoscyamine . Synthetic compounds such as diphenhydramine Benadryl and dimenhydrinate Dramamine are also deliriants. Curing of tobacco Uncured tobacco is also a deliriant due to its very high nicotine content, resulting in a delirious hallucinogenic intoxication. Uncured tobacco was once used in entheogen ic ceremonies by Indigenous peoples of the Americas Native Americans . Recreational use Despite the fully legal status of several common deliriant p ... more details
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