Infobox UK legislation short title The Welfare ReformAct 2009 ref This short title is given by section 62 of the Act. ref parliament Parliament of the United Kingdom long title An Act to amend the law relating to social security to make provision enabling disabled people to be given greater control over the way in which certain public services are provided for them to amend the law relating to child support to make provision about the registration of births and for connected purposes. statute book chapter 2009 c. 24 introduced by territorial extent royal assent 12 November 2009 commencement repeal date amendments related legislation repealing legislation status original text http www.legislation.gov.uk ukpga 2009 24 enacted revised text http www.legislation.gov.uk ukpga 2009 24 legislation history http services.parliament.uk bills 2008 09 welfarereform.html The Welfare ReformAct 2009 c. 24 is an Act of Parliament Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . It reforms the law relating to social security benefits. See also Welfare ReformAct References Halsbury s Statutes , reflist UK legislation Category United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 2009 statute stub UK law stub ... more details
The United States Tax ReformAct of 1969 USPL 91 172 was a federal tax law signed by president Richard Nixon in 1969. The largest impact of the act was the creation of the Alternative Minimum Tax , which was intended to tax high income earners otherwise exempt from income taxes through various exemptions and deductions. In addition to the AMT, the act established individual and corporate minimum taxes, established a new tax schedule for single taxpayers, and slightly increased standard deductions and personal exemptions. Summary of provisions The Office of Tax Analysis of the United States Department of the Treasury summarized the tax changes as follows ref cite journal author http www.treasury.gov resource center tax policy Pages default.aspx Office of Tax Analysis publisher United States Department of the Treasury title Revenue Effects of Major Tax Bills year 2003 url http www.treasury.gov ... and later years. ref cite book title General explanation of the Tax reformact of 1969, H.R. ... of the Tax reformact of 1969 H.R. 13270 accessdate 2011 01 31 date December 3, 1970 publisher U.S. Government Printing Office location Washington page 7 ref blockquote The Act also included for the first ... very low effective rates. ref cite book title General explanation of the Tax reformact of 1969, H.R. ... of the Tax reformact of 1969 H.R. 13270 accessdate 2011 01 31 date December 3, 1970 publisher ... ref History The Tax ReformAct came into existence by the 91st Congress and was signed into law ... www.scribd.com doc 81777666 Tax ReformAct of 1969 PL 91 172 Full text of the Act US tax acts Category ... The Act provided a government definition of private foundation USA private foundation for the first time albeit indirectly . ref See IRC section 509 ref Capital Gains The explanation of the Act prepared ... capital gains tax rate. The Act gradually eliminates the alternative tax on long term capital ... 200,000 1.17 million in 2005 dollars who had paid no income taxes in 1967 due to deductions and tax ... more details
The Executive Branch ReformAct USBill 110 H.R. 984 was a bill proposed in the 110th United States Congress and would have required thousands of federal officials to report into a government database the names of persons who contact them attempting to influence government policies or actions. The prime sponsor of the bill is Congressman Henry A. Waxman , Democrat of California. In the 110th Congress, the bill is designated H.R. 984. ref http www.nrlc.org FreeSpeech WaxmanDavisHR984.pdf Text of H.R. 984 as amended and approved by the HouseCommittee on Oversight and Government Reform. ref It was approved, without dissent, by the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of the U.S. House of Representatives on February 14, 2007. The legislation has not yet been scheduled for action by the full House of Representatives. According to the Washington Post March 6, 2007 , A spokesman for House Speaker Nancy Pelosi D Calif. says that she backs the measure . . . and that she expects it to get a vote in the House. ref http www.washingtonpost.com wp dyn content article 2007 03 05 AR2007030501370 pf.html Lobbying Bill Sparks Populist Uprising on Both Sides , by Jeffrey H. Birnbaum, Washington Post March 6, 2007 . ref Requirements of the Bill According as to a letter from the director of the Office of Government Ethics ref name Letter from Robert I. Cusick http www.nrlc.org FreeSpeech OGEcommentsHR984.pdf ... ReformAct is supported by some advocacy organizations as an expansion of transparency or government ... Henry A. Waxman, Chairman, Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, U.S. House of Representatives .... Once this is generally understood, many citizens will become more reluctant to exercise their constitutional ... constitutional and practical. In a letter to Congressman Waxman, a senior Justice Department official ... and Government Reform, U.S. House of Representatives, March 8, 2007. ref The bill would give ... the act. However, the director of that agency sent the bill s author a letter expressing strong reservations ... more details
The Tax ReformAct of 1976 was passed by the United States Congress in September of 1976 , and signed into law by President of the United States President Gerald Ford on October 4, 1976, becoming USPL 94 455 . The act increased the percentage standard deduction to 16 2,800 max and minimum standard deduction to 2,100 joint returns . The general tax credit max of 35 capita or 2 of 9,000 income was temporarily extended and small business tax rates were temporarily lowered through 1977 . The act delayed the decrease in the investment tax credit through 1980 , expanded the individual minimum tax, and increased the long term capital gains holding period from 6 months to 1 year. A unified rate schedule for the estate and gift taxes with a 175,000 exemption was created. Capital Gains The previous major tax legislation Tax ReformAct of 1969 had established a 10 minimum tax and while it had left long term capital gains under 50,000 to continue to qualify for the 25 percent alternative capital gains tax rate, it increased the rate on gains over 50,000 to 29.5 percent in 1970, 32.5 percent in 1971, and 35 percent one half the 70 percent top tax rate applicable to ordinary income in 1972 and later years. This Act increased the minimum tax rate to 15 . ref http www.urban.org publications 1000519.html ref The Act also increased the holding period defining long term capital gains , which receive preferential tax treatment, from six months to one year. ref http www.archive.org stream generalexplanati00jcs3376 generalexplanati00jcs3376 djvu.txt ref References reflist External links http www.scribd.com doc 61986297 Tax ReformAct of 1976 PL 94 455 Full text of the Act US tax acts Category United States federal taxation legislation Category 1976 in law ... more details
The Sentencing ReformAct , part of the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984 , was a U.S. federal statute intended to increase consistency in United States federal sentencing. It established the United States Sentencing Commission . ref name ussc overview cite web url http www.ussc.gov About the Commission Overview of the USSC USSC Overview.pdf title An Overview of the United States Sentencing Commission publisher United States Sentencing Commission format PDF work United States Sentencing Commission accessdate 9 August 2011 ref It also abolished federal parole . ref name enotes cite web url http www.enotes.com major acts congress sentencing reformact title Sentencing ReformAct 1984 author Barry L. Johnson work eNotes accessdate 9 August 2011 ref The act was passed by large majorities in both houses of United States Congress congress . ref name stith cite journal last1 Stith first1 Kate last2 Koh first2 Steve Y. year 1993 title The Politics of Sentencing Reform The Legislative History of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines journal Faculty Scholarship Series publisher Yale Law School doi url http digitalcommons.law.yale.edu fss papers 1273 accessdate 9 August 2011 ref References reflist Use dmy dates date August 2011 Category United States federal criminal legislation Category Penal system in the United States Category United States sentencing law US fed statute stub ... more details
Politics of Kenya The 2005 Kenyan constitutional referendum was held on 21 November 2005. The proposed new constitution was voted down by a 58 majority of Kenya s voters. Many government officials, including President of Kenya President Mwai Kibaki , had campaigned for a Yes vote on the constitution, which divided the ruling National Rainbow Coalition into camps, for and against the proposal. Despite the rising number of literacy literate voters in Kenya 74 , ref cite web url http unstats.un.org ... Kenyan Constitutional Referendum, 2005 Category Politics of Kenya Category 2005 referendums Category 2005 in Kenya Constitutional referendum Category Elections in Kenya Category Referendums in Kenya Category 2005 elections in Africa de Verfassungsreferendum in Kenia 2005 sw Katiba mpya ya Kenya no Folkeavstemningen om ny grunnlov i Kenya 2005 ru 2005 sv Folkomr stningen i Kenya 2005 ... sweeping powers for the Head of State. The issue of land reform was also prevalent, as disputes over ... archives cl hm news news.php?articleid 30953&date 22 10 2005 Orange in the lead The Standard , October 21, 2005 Poll by Steadman International ref Results Ballot Question Are you for or against ... title Africa & 124 Kenya s entire cabinet dismissed publisher BBC News date 2005 11 23 accessdate ... 2005 11 23T234823Z 01 MCC385671 RTRUKOC 0 UK KENYA.xml title Breaking News, Business News, Financial ... rallies on 27 November 2005 by the opposition demanding new elections as soon as possible, the Kenyan ... BBC News date 2005 11 28 accessdate 2010 04 30 ref The government called in police to seal off access ... on 6 December. Cabinet appointment On 7 December 2005, exactly the two weeks he had promised to do ... 2005, Kibaki carried out the official swearing in of the new cabinet made up almost exclusively of his closest political allies. See also Constitutional Reforms in Kenya Kenyan constitutional ... more details
City , County Dublin 7,008 2 seats Passed the same day as the Irish ReformAct was the Parliamentary Boundaries Ireland Act, 1832 2 & 3 Will 4 c.89, long title An Act to settle and describe the Limits ...&pg PA225 c.88 Representation of the People Ireland Act, 1832 http books.google.com books?id 3cDAAAAQAAJ&pg PA239 c.89 Parliamentary Boundaries Ireland Act, 1832 UK electoral reform UK legislation ...Infobox UK legislation short title Representation of the People Ireland Act 1832 parliament Parliament of the United Kingdom long title An Act to amend the representation of the people in Ireland statute book chapter 2 & 3 Will. 4. c. 88 introduced by territorial extent Ireland royal assent commencement repeal date amendments related legislation Parliamentary Boundaries Ireland Act 1832 , ReformAct 1832 , Scottish ReformAct 1832 repealing legislation Electoral Act 1963 status Repealed original text activeTextDocId legislation history The Representation of the People Ireland Act, 1832 , commonly called the Irish ReformAct 1832 , was an Act of Parliament that introduced wide ranging changes to the election laws of Ireland . The act was passed at approximately the same time as the ReformAct 1832 , which applied to England and Wales . The chief architects of the act were Francis Jeffrey, Lord Jeffrey Francis Jeffrey and Henry Cockburn, Lord Cockburn Henry Cockburn . From 1 January 1801, Ireland had been represented in the House of Commons by 100 members. Each of the thirty two counties returned two MPs as did the Boroughs of Dublin City UK Parliament constituency Dublin City , County Dublin and Cork City UK Parliament constituency Cork City , County Cork. Thirty one other Boroughs and Dublin University UK Parliament constituency Dublin University sent one MP to Westminster. The 1832 ... could vote. The number of Borough voters before the Reform Acts varied considerably. A by election ... differences in electorates after the Reform legislation. The range in number of registered voters ... more details
unreferenced date December 2008 The Scottish ReformAct 1832 was an Act of Parliament that introduced wide ranging changes to the election laws of Scotland . The act was passed at approximately the same time as the ReformAct 1832 , which applied to England and Wales . The chief architects of the act were Francis Jeffrey and Henry Cockburn, Lord Cockburn Henry Cockburn . It was subsequently given the official short title of the Representation of the People Scotland Act 1832. The act did not substantially change the method in which the Scottish counties elected members of Parliament. As a general rule the counties each continued to elect one member. However before the Act six small counties elected an MP only in alternate Parliaments. This arrangement was ended, but a different solution was adopted for each pair of counties. Clackmannanshire and Kinross shire UK Parliament constituency Clackmannanshire and Kinross shire became a single constituency. Buteshire UK Parliament constituency Buteshire and Caithness UK Parliament constituency Caithness shire were given a separate MP in every Parliament. Cromartyshire UK Parliament constituency Cromartyshire and Nairnshire UK Parliament constituency Nairnshire were each united with a different neighbouring county, to form Ross and Cromarty UK Parliament constituency Ross and Cromarty , and Elginshire and Nairnshire UK Parliament constituency Elginshire and Nairnshire . Edinburgh UK Parliament constituency Edinburgh and Glasgow UK Parliament constituency Glasgow now had two MPs Aberdeen UK Parliament constituency Aberdeen , Dundee UK Parliament constituency Dundee , Greenock UK Parliament constituency Greenock , Paisley UK Parliament ... might not have the same boundaries as the burgh for other purposes. The effect of the ReformAct was considerable .... Following the passing of the Act, the number of Scottish MP s increased from 45 to 53 and the franchise ... . UK electoral reform Category 1832 in law Category 1832 in Scotland Category Acts of the Parliament ... more details
Infobox UK legislation short title The Police ReformAct 2002 parliament Parliament of the United Kingdom long title An Act to make new provision about the supervision, administration, functions and conduct of police forces, police officers and other persons serving with, or carrying out functions in relation to, the police to amend police powers and to provide for the exercise of police powers by persons who are not police officers to amend the law relating to anti social behaviour orders to amend the law relating to sex offender orders and for connected purposes. statute book chapter 2002 c.30 introduced by territorial extent United Kingdom, but most of the Act only extends to England and Wales royal assent 24 July 2002 commencement repeal date amendments related legislation repealing legislation status Current original text http www.legislation.gov.uk ukpga 2002 30 enacted revised text http www.legislation.gov.uk ukpga 2002 30 legislation history The Police ReformAct 2002 c.30 is an Acts of Parliament in the United Kingdom Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . Amongst the provisions of the Act are the creation of the role of Police Community Support Officer , who have some police powers whilst not being sworn in constables, and the ability for Chief Constable s to confer a more limited range of police powers on other non sworn in individuals as part of Community Safety Accreditation Scheme s. Section 59 Section 59 of the Act is a common tool now used by police officers and Police Community Support Officers to seize vehicles being used in an anti social manner. Vehicles can be seized if the police officer PCSO reasonably believes that a mechanically propelled vehicle is being used in a manner ref name S59 PRA 2002 http www.legislation.gov.uk ukpga 2002 30 section 59 section 59, Police ReformAct 2002 ref causing, or likely to cause alarm, distress or annoyance ... 34 prohibition of off road driving driving other than a road of the Road Traffic Act 1988 . Vehicles ... more details
Politics of Burundi The Republic of Burundi held a constitutional referendum on 28 February 2005. The new constitution guarantees representation for both ethnic groups by setting out the share of posts they will have in parliament and government and the army, which had been dominated by Tutsis since independence. Most political parties urged a Yes vote in the poll, but some Tutsi parties urged a No vote, stating that the new constitution doesn t give Tutsis enough guarantees. Election day was peaceful and no major incidents were reported. Voter turnout was high and the final results showed overwhelming support for the new constitution. Main points of the constitution The ethnic composition of the National Assembly of Burundi is 60 Hutu and 40 Tutsi. Three additional seats are reserved for members of the Twa ethnic group, which makes up approximately one percent of the national population. In the upper house of parliament, the Senate of Burundi , seats are evenly divided 50 50 between Hutus and Tutsis. Military posts are to be shared equally between the two groups. Results Burundi constitutional referendum, 2005 External links http www.angus reid.com tracker index.cfm?fuseaction viewItem&itemID 6614 Angus Reid Consultants Election Tracker http burundi.news.free.fr actualites constitutionbu.html Constitution of Burundi In French http www.wilsoncenter.org index.cfm?topic id 1417&fuseaction topics.item&news id 137772 Burundi on the Eve of Elections Wilson Center Burundian elections Category Referendums in Burundi Category 2005 in Burundi Category 2005 referendums Africa election stub Burundi stub eo Burunda konstitucia referendumo 2005 pt Referendo constitucional no Burundi em 2005 ... more details
The Labor ReformAct of 1977 was a proposed United States Act of Congress that never came into force. It would have altered the labor legislation to bring it in line with modern developments and international standards, by removing obstacles from employers to unions formation in the workplace. Overview The 1977 Act would have made the following changes. amended the National Labor Relations Act to increase the size of the National Labor Relations Board to seven members and the terms of Board members to seven years. directed the Board to issue rules to protect specified rights of employee and labor organizations, facilitate the resolution voter eligibility disputes, and govern elections in cases in which an appeal had not been decided before the date of election. created faster elections where a majority of members of a bargaining unit sought recognition of a union or de certification of an existing union. specified damages where there was an unlawful refusal to bargain prior to entry into a first bargaining contract. provided for expedited consideration and relief from certain alleged unfair labor practices which resulted in a deprivation of employment. denied, for up to three years public contracts to persons willfully violating final orders regarding unfair labor practices. See also Employee Free Choice Act US labor law UK labour law Notes refs 2 Category Labor law of the United States ... more details
Use dmy dates date April 2011 Politics of the Czech Republic A constitutionalact , with respect to the laws of the Czech Republic , is an act which can change the Constitution of the Czech Republic , provisions of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms , the conditions under which the citizenry may exercise state power directly, or the exterior or interior frontier s of the territory country subdivision territory of the Czech Republic . ref name Art9 Constitution of the Czech Republic, Art. 9 ref ref name Art11 Constitution of the Czech Republic, Art. 11 ref ref name Art2 Constitution of the Czech Republic, Art. 2 ref ref name Art112 Constitution of the Czech Republic, Art. 112 ref ref name Art100 Constitution of the Czech Republic, Art. 100 ref Passage of such an act can only ... defined by a ConstitutionalAct ref name Art106 Constitution of the Czech Republic, Art. 106 ref , but that act is not binding upon the Senate today. Specific acts As of 2008 , only six constitutional ... opted to pass a constitutionalact that was not directly implied or obliged by language in the constitution. The ConstitutionalAct on the Security of the Czech Republic defined the ways in which the Republic ... a part of its powers under international treaty unless a constitutionalact provides that such ratification ... and Senate of the Czech Republic Senators present at the time the proposed act is laid before ... . ref name Art62 Constitution of the Czech Republic, Art. 62 ref A number of constitutional acts ... constitutional acts on various subjects. Number 347 1997 Article 100 of the constitution provided that higher self governing regions may be created or dissolved only by a constitutionalact . Parliament thus moved on 3 December 1997 to create 14 such regions. This required the act to rewrite Article ... than municipality municipalities . Given the administrative burden of complying with the act, however ... of a public referendum on the Czech Republic s accession to the European Union. Such an act was implied ... more details
Politics of Egypt The 2005 Egyptian constitutional referendum took place in Egypt on 25 May 2005. The referendum ... 2009 03 14 date 2005 05 26 publisher Fox News Channel ref ref name reform cite news url http news.bbc.co.uk 1 hi world middle east 4528077.stm title Egypt reform law defeat urged accessdate 2009 03 14 date 2005 05 09 publisher BBC Online ref The government described the amendment as the historic ... direct elections accessdate 2009 03 13 date 2005 02 28 publisher The Times location London ref By 2005 ... democratic elections publisher The Irish Times page 9 date 2005 02 28 accessdate 2009 03 13 ref On the 26 February 2005 President Mubarak called on parliament to amend Article 76 of the constitution ... Times page 11 date 2005 02 28 accessdate 2009 03 13 ref On the 10 May the Parliament of Egypt ... for the 25 May. ref name approves cite web url http www.iht.com articles 2005 05 11 news egypt.php ... 2005 05 11 publisher International Herald Tribune ref ref name change cite news url http news.bbc.co.uk ... date 2005 05 12 publisher BBC Online ref Referendum question Egyptian voters were asked to vote on the question ... name boycott cite web url http www.arabnews.com ?page 4§ion 0&article 63932&d 18&m 5&y 2005&pix world.jpg&category World title Opposition in Egypt to Boycott Vote accessdate 2009 03 14 date 2005 ... 2005 05 10 publisher BBC Online ref The councils and parliament were all dominated by members of the governing ... title Egypt Referendum Held On Multi Candidate Presidential Polls accessdate 2009 03 14 date 2005 05 ... 2005 05 25 africa web.0525egypt.php title Egyptians cast ballots in key referendum accessdate 2009 03 14 date 2005 05 25 publisher International Herald Tribune ref As a result the opposition said that the changes ... 2009 03 14 date 2005 05 25 publisher BBC Online ref On the 24 May five petitions by the opposition ... referendum on the constitution accessdate 2009 03 14 date 2005 05 24 publisher www.arabicnews.com ref ... world 2005 05 25 egypt referendum x.htm title Violence mars Egypt s election law referendum accessdate ... more details
Image Reagan Tax.jpg thumb 300px President Ronald Reagan signs the Tax ReformAct of 1986 on the South Lawn. The Congress of the United States U.S. Congress passed the Tax ReformAct of 1986 TRA USStatute ... ReformAct of 1986 was given impetus by a detailed tax simplification proposal from President Reagan ... Bruce Bartlett ref As of 2011, the Tax ReformAct of 1986 was the most recent major simplification ... Tax ReformAct retained the 2000 contribution limit, but restricted the deductibility for households .... However, the Tax ReformAct of 1986 greatly expanded the AMT to aim at a different set of deductions ... doc 62544151 PL 99 514 Tax ReformAct of 1986 Full text of the Act US tax acts DEFAULTSORT Tax ReformAct Of 1986 Category Affordable housing Category United States federal taxation legislation ... www.nytimes.com 2009 08 30 opinion 30bradley.html work New York Times title Tax Reform s Lesson for Health Care Reform date 2009 08 29 accessdate 2012 01 28 first1 Bill last1 Bradley ref Ultimately ... url http www.aei.org article economics fiscal policy taxes the tax reform evidence from 1986 work AEI title The tax reform evidence from 1986 date 2011 10 24 accessdate 2012 01 21 first1 Martin last1 ... Act of 1862 that the top rate was reduced and the bottom rate increased concomitantly. In addition ... work Huffington Post title Bipartisan Blight The Great Tax Reform Mirage date 2010 10 03 accessdate ... tax of 28 . This was jettisoned in the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 , otherwise known ... incentives The Act also increased incentives favoring investment in owner occupied housing relative ... estimated income someone receives from doing his own cooking instead of hiring a chef, but the Act ..., this provision of the Act could have had the tendency to decrease the new supply of housing accessible to low income people. The Low Income Housing Tax Credit was added to the Act to provide some ... . The Act, however, increased the personal exemption and standard deduction. The Individual Retirement ... more details
Infobox UK legislation short title Education ReformAct 1988 parliament United Kingdom Parliament long title An Act to amend the law relating to education. statute book chapter 1988 c. 40 introduced by territorial extent Whole act England and Wales ss. 131, 134, 202 205, 207, 214 216, 231, 232, 235 236 and 238 and Sch. 8 and 11 Scotland ss. 208 and 217 1 Northern Ireland amendments of legislation which extends to Scotland and Northern Ireland also extend there royal assent 29 July 1988 commencement Various dates from 29 July 1988 to 1 August 1992 amendments Further and Higher Education Act 1992 , Education Act 1996 related legislation status Amended original text http www.opsi.gov.uk acts acts1988 Ukpga 19880040 en 1.htm activeTextDocId 2100398 The Education ReformAct 1988 is widely regarded as the most important single piece of education legislation in England , Wales and Northern Ireland since the Butler Education Act 1944 . Citation needed date June 2011 Education in Scotland Scottish education legislation is separate from that of the rest of the UK . It also forms the basis for the United States No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. Citation needed date July 2010 The main provisions of the Education ReformAct are as follows Grant maintained school Grant maintained schools GMS were introduced. Primary and secondary schools could, under this provision, remove themselves fully from their respective Local Education Authorities and would be completely funded by central government . Secondary schools also had limited selection powers at the age of 11. Local Management of Schools LMS was introduced. This part of the Act allowed all schools to be taken out of the direct financial ... of a school. City Technology College s CTCs were introduced. This part of the Act allowed new more ... Use of the word degree The Act uses a common technique in UK legislation in that it makes it illegal ... Instrument . Religion The act required broadly Christian acts of worship in schools. The National ... more details
refimprove date August 2009 Infobox U.S. legislation name Bipartisan Campaign ReformAct of 2002 fullname An act to amend the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 to provide bipartisan campaign reform. acronym BCRA nickname McCain Feingold, Shays Meehan enacted by 107th effective date November 6, 2002 public law url http www.gpo.gov fdsys pkg PLAW 107publ155 content detail.html cite public law 107 155 cite statutes at large 116 Stat. 81 thru 116 Stat. 116 acts amended title amended sections created sections amended leghisturl introducedin House introducedbill the Bipartisan Campaign ReformAct ... ReformAct of 2002 passeddate2 March 20, 2002 passedvote2 60 40 agreedbody3 agreeddate3 agreedvote3 ... ReformAct of 2002 BCRA , McCain Feingold Act , USStatute 107 155 116 81 2002 03 27 , USBill 107 H.R. 2356 is a United States federal law that amended the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, which ... Bipartisan Campaign ReformAct overview publisher Federal Election Commission date accessdate March ... Campaign Finance ReformAct publisher George W. Bush White House date March 27, 2002 accessdate March ... ReformAct of 2002 Full text of the bill along with a summary Category 2002 in law Category 2002 ... Category John McCain Category 107th United States Congress Category Campaign finance reform Category Federal Election Commission fr Bipartisan Campaign ReformAct ... on the BCRA, the Act was designed to address two issues The increased role of soft money in campaign ... date March 20, 2001 ref Legal disputes see also Campaign finance reform Provisions of the legislation ... Election Campaign Act , which uses a different legal definition. ref http www.fec.gov ans answers general.shtml ... hard money contributions regulated by the Federal Election Campaign Act to pay their expenses, the FEC ..., the section of the act known as the millionaire s amendment was overturned by the Supreme Court ... I became a leading advocate of campaign finance reform, I had come to appreciate that the public ... more details
The Fuel Economy ReformAct was a bill S. 3694 in the 109th United States Congress and S. 767 and S. 768 in the 110th United States Congress sponsored by seven Democrats and four Republicans including Barack Obama and Richard Lugar . It set a goal of raising mandated CAFE fleet fuel economy standards by 4 per year, approximately one mile per gallon . The bill also provided tax incentives for retooling production. Fuel economy increases were subject to the authority of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration , part of the executive branch . Thus Obama and Lugar remarked upon introducing their bill, Mr. President, we embrace the call upon Congress to improve the executive branch s authority to reform and strengthen fuel economy standards. ref cite web url http minnesota.publicradio.org display web 2006 07 28 gasmileage title Coleman supports higher gas mileage standards author Daniel Olsen date 2006 08 01 ref ref cite web url http www.ontheissues.org noteBook Note 06 S3694.htm title 06 S3694 on Jul 19, 2006 publisher OnTheIssues.org ref ref name advisors cite news url http www.washingtonpost.com wp dyn content article 2008 06 23 AR2008062301450 3.html?tid informbox title Obama Campaign Advisers Remark on Energy publisher Washington Post date 2008 06 23 accessdate 2010 05 03 ref ref cite web url http www.salon.com news feature 2007 08 27 barack qa print.html title Obama on energy for 08 publisher Salon.com ref These bills were introduced in the Senate, but did not pass. see list of bills sponsored by Barack Obama in the United States Senate However, according to Obama s advisors, virtually the exact same set of proposals were enacted by Congress 18 months later in December 2007, when the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 was passed. ref name advisors References reflist Category United States proposed federal legislation ... more details
no footnotes date October 2011 Infobox Referendum name Iraqi constitutional referendum, 2005 title yes 7742916 no 2109374 total 9852291 electorate map File Iraqreferendum.PNG mapdivision governate notes Referendum held 15 October 2005 Politics of Iraq The electorate of Iraq went to the polls on 15 October 2005 to vote in a referendum on whether or not to ratify the proposed constitution of Iraq . After 10 days of counting votes, the country s electoral commission announced that the constitution had been approved by a wide margin nationwide. A number of critics allege massive irregularities, especially ... thirds of the voters voted no. On 2 October 2005, the National Assembly of Iraq National Assembly ... government must be held no later than 15 December 2005, with the new government assuming office no later than 31 December 2005. If the constitution had been rejected, the National Assembly ... article 2005 09 07 AR2005090702086.html Iraq s Sunnis Register to Vote in Droves The Washington Post , 8 September 2005 http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi middle east 4309164.stm UN condemns Iraq charter change BBC News , 4 October 2005 http news.yahoo.com s nm 20051015 wl nm iraq dc 47 ylt Aklf07GXghG74YaDWyriKXEUewgF ... October 15, 2005 http jurist.law.pitt.edu forumy 2005 10 iraqi constitution what would approval.php ... Iraq Charter Seems Assured of Approval Associated Press October 16, 2005 http news.bbc.co.uk 1 hi world middle east 4351680.stm Iraq result delay over fraud fear BBC October 17, 2005 http news.yahoo.com ... Draft Constitution Adopted by Iraqi Voters Associated Press AP October 25, 2005 http www.vnutz.com ... 15th by Matthew Vea http www.usip.org publications iraqs constitutional process ii opportunity lost Iraq s Constitutional Process II An Opportunity Lost U.S. Institute of Peace Special Report, December 2005 Iraqi elections Iraqi Kurdistan elections Category 2005 referendums Category 2005 elections in Iraq Constitutional referendum Category Constitution of Iraq Category Referendums in Iraq ... more details
The Insanity Defense ReformAct of 1984 was a law passed in the wake of public outrage after John Hinckley, Jr. s acquittal for the Reagan assassination attempt . It amended the United States federal laws governing defendants with mental diseases or defects to make it significantly more difficult to obtain a verdict of not guilty only by reason of insanity . It was criticized by psychologist Lawrence Z. Freedman for being ineffective If the attacker is rational mentally, stable emotionally, and fanatic politically, he will not be deterred. Nor will an irrational, affectively disturbed individual be deterred. ref citation title The Politics of Insanity Law, Crime, and Human Responsibility author Lawrence Zelic Freedman publisher Political Psychology volume 4 number 1 date Mar., 1983 pages 171 178 jstor 3791182 ref References reflist External links http www.justice.gov usao eousa foia reading room usam title9 crm00634.htm IDRA Criminal Resource Manual http www.govtrack.us congress bill.xpd?bill hj098 648 IDRA GovTrack Category Mental health law in the United States Category United States federal criminal legislation Category 1984 in law US fed statute stub ... more details
Politics of Armenia The 2005 Armenian constitutional referendum took place in Armenia on 27 November 2005. The referendum was on a series of changes to the constitution of Armenia which were backed by the international ... CONSTITUTIONAL REFERENDUM accessdate 2009 03 11 date 2005 11 27 publisher Eurasianet.org ref Campaign ... attempt at amending it were unsuccessful at a Armenian constitutional referendum, 2003 2003 ... accessdate 2009 03 11 date 2005 12 13 publisher Caucaz ref The early drafts of a new constitution ... 2005 to address their objections. ref name wrangling cite web url http www.iwpr.net index.php?apc state hen&s o&o p crs&l EN&s f&o 257771 title Constitutional Wrangling in Armenia accessdate 2009 03 11 date 2005 11 03 publisher Institute for War and Peace Reporting ref The new constitution ... armeniareport report en 2005 10 2F11158A B529 42B8 A583 8BB28BD096C7.ASP title Minister Rules Out Regime Change After Armenian Referendum accessdate 2009 03 11 date 2005 10 05 publisher www.armenialiberty.org ... name third cite web url http www.armenialiberty.org armeniareport report en 2005 11 28206ED0 E1C1 ... 03 11 date 2005 11 17 publisher www.armenialiberty.org ref The opposition called on voters to boycott ... 1063204.html title Armenia Opposition Calls For Boycott Of Constitutional Referendum accessdate 2009 03 11 date 2005 11 23 publisher Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty ref An opposition rally in Yerevan ... Turnout Figures In Referendum accessdate 2009 03 11 date 2005 11 28 publisher Radio Free Europe Radio ... Call For Boycott Of Armenian Referendum accessdate 2009 03 11 date 2005 11 26 publisher Radio Free ... armeniareport report en 2005 08 C9F58DF0 A331 4DD7 8C45 A52BDD03AC66.asp title Armenian Parliament Opens Final Debates On Constitution accessdate 2009 03 11 date 2005 08 29 publisher www.armenialiberty.org ref After the changes made to the proposed draft constitution in September 2005, the Venice ... date 2005 11 27 publisher Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty ref The United States said that the changes ... more details
The Political and ConstitutionalReform Select Committee is a Select Committee Westminster System select committee of the British House of Commons House of Commons in the Parliament of the United Kingdom . It was created on 7 June 2010. Remit The committee was created in response to changes to the machinery of government intended to give the Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Deputy Prime Minister , Nick Clegg , responsibility for political and constitutionalreform. The functions given to the Deputy Prime Minister are as follows Introducing Fixed term Parliaments Bill 2011 fixed term Parliaments Legislating to hold a referendum on the alternative vote system for the House of Commons and to create fewer and more equal sized constituencies, see Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 Supporting people with disabilities in becoming MPs Introducing a power for people to recall their MPs Developing proposals for a wholly or mainly elected second chamber Speeding up implementation of individual voter registration Considering the West Lothian question Introducing a statutory register of lobbyists Reforming party funding Supporting all postal primaries In addition, the Deputy Prime Minister has ministerial responsibility for the Boundary Commissions United Kingdom Boundary Commissions , the Electoral Commission United Kingdom Electoral Commission , and the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority . ref http www.publications.parliament.uk pa cm201011 cmhansrd cm100602 wmstext 100602m0001.htm 1006028000012 House of Commons Debates 2 June 2010 vol 510 cc22 ... a z commons select political and constitutionalreform committee membership Political and ConstitutionalReform Committee Changes Occasionally, the House of Commons orders changes to be made in terms ... links http www.parliament.uk business committees committees a z commons select political and constitutionalreform committee Political and ConstitutionalReform Committee UKParliamentCommittees Category ... more details
The Presidential Election ReformAct was a proposed California ballot proposition initiative in the state of California to alter the way the state s United States Electoral College electoral votes for president are distributed among presidential candidates. Background The initiative, http ag.ca.gov cms pdfs initiatives 2007 07 17 07 0032 Initiative.pdf No. 07 0032 , was proposed by a group called http www.yesmyvotecounts.com Californians for Equal Representation ref http ag.ca.gov cms pdfs initiatives 2007 07 17 07 0032 Initiative.pdf Petition to the Office of the Attorney General, July 17, 2007. Retrieved on September 23, 2007. ref , originally for placement on California s June 3, 2008, primary election ballot. The group s address was apparently the offices of http www.bmhlaw.com Bell, McAndrews & Hiltachk , a law firm that also has represented the California Republican Party in some matters ref http www.sourcewatch.org index.php?title Bell 2C McAndrews 26 Hiltachk 2C LLP Bell, McAndrews & Hiltachk, LLP. Sourcewatch.org. Retrieved on September 23, 2007. ref ref Hendrik Hertzberg, http ... Election ReformAct A Clear Abuse of California s Initiative Process, Findlaw.com, August ... Journal, August 31, 2007. ref Had the Presidential Election ReformAct been in effect during the 2004 .... Because the Presidential Election ReformAct would have appointed the state s electoral votes in a manner ... The Electoral College An Overview and Analysis of Reform Proposals NLE Bot generated title ref ... a similar reform, this system would have exclusively benefited the Republican candidate. Possible unconstitutionality ..., the act would arguably have violated Article II, Section 1, Clause 2. This legal issue is addressed ... 1 GOP backed bid to reform California s electoral process collapsing, San Francisco Chronicle, September ... had passed, there would have probably been a court challenge to determine if the act ... also National Popular Vote Interstate Compact Electoral reform in California United States presidential ... more details
Politics of Chad On 6 June 2005 the Chad ian voters were called to pronounce themselves through a referendum on the revision of the Constitution originally approved on 31 March 1996. The question placed to the voters was this Do you support the constitutional law proposal of revision of the Constitution of 31 March 1996 approved by the National Assembly on 23 May 2004? in French language French Appouvez vous la proposition de loi constitutionnelle portant r vision de la Constitution du 31 mars 1996 adopt e par l Assembl e nationale le 23 mai 2004? The amendments to the Constitution consist of The removal of the limitation of the number of presidential terms 2 Replacement of the Senate by a Cultural, Economic and Social Council Moving the constitutional amendment process to the President It is not difficult to understand that the amendments had been suited for the ruling Heads of state of Chad President Idriss D by , who was to complete his second term in 2006 . By the original Constitution he would have been forced to step down then, a thing that, as the France French newspaper Le Monde noted in its 9 July 2006 had previously promised to do. The paper reported a speech held by D by in June 2001 I make a public commitment I will not be candidate at the 2006 presidential election. I will not change the Constitution ... What remains to do for me in my last mandate, is to prepare Chad for alternation in government . While D by s Patriotic Salvation Movement MPS campaigned for yes , the opposition was divided among those who campaigned for boycotting the vote and those who called for a no vote. The abstensionists allied themselves in the Coordination des Partis politiques pour ... td detail.html 2005 Referendum Chad Detailed Election Results Chadian elections Category History of Chad Category Elections in Chad Category 2005 referendums Category 2005 in Chad Category Referendums in Chad Category 2005 elections in Africa fr R f rendum constitutionnel tchadien de 2005 ... more details
Many laws have passed through the United States Congress regarding the taxation of American individuals and companies. Below is a list of tax reform bills by year. US tax acts Category Taxation in the United States ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The Fair and Equitable Tobacco ReformAct is a component of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 American Jobs Creation Act , passed in the United States in October 2004. The main component of the Fair and Equitable Tobacco ReformAct is the Tobacco Transition Payment Program TTPP, otherwise known as the Tobacco Buyout , which was formalized by the United States Department of Agriculture in February 2005. Tobacco Transition Payment Program The Tobacco Buyout ended all aspects of the federal tobacco marketing quota and price support loan programs that were established by the Agricultural Adjustment Act in 1938. Beginning with the 2005, there were no planting restrictions, no marketing cards, and no price support loans, all traditional components of tobacco agriculture in the United States. Along with the end of these policies, the Tobacco Buyout also entails the TTPP, which provides payments to tobacco quota holders and tobacco producers from 2005 to 2014. Category 2004 in law ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
