The CrimeanSubmediterraneanforestcomplex ecoregion , in the temperate broadleaf and mixed forests temperate mixed forest Biome , is of Russia and Ukraine . Distribution The ecoregion consists of two coastal enclaves on northern coast of the Black Sea one occupies the central coast of Crimea , extending into the Crimean Mountains , the other occupies the Black Sea coast of Krasnodar Kray , extending eastward along the northwest flank of the Caucasus . Description The ecoregion s climate and vegetation resemble that of the Mediterranean Basin , with a hot dry summer and a mild, rainy winter. At elevations below 400 meters, woodlands and maquis shrublands predominate with oak, Christ s Thorn Paliurus spina christi , Mastic tree Pistacia lenticulus , Pyracantha , sclerophyll shrubs Between 400 and 800 meters are forests predominate with Pitsundian Pine Pinus brutia , Downy Oak Quercus pubescens , Hornbeam Oriental Hornbeam Carpinus orientalis , European Ash Fraxinus excelsior . From 800 to 1300 meters elevation forests predominate with Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris Oriental Beech Fagus orientalis , juniper woodlands Culture The warm summers and mild winters of the region make it a popular resort destination. Cities and towns in the ecoregion include Yalta , Alupka , Alushta , Sevastopol , kaj Novorossiysk . External links http www.worldwildlife.org wildworld profiles terrestrial pa pa0416 full.html World Wildlife Fund CrimeanSubmediterraneanforestcomplex http www.nationalgeographic.com wildworld profiles terrestrial pa pa0416.html National Geographic CrimeanSubmediterraneanforestcomplex Paleartic temperate broadleaf and mixed forests Category Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests Category Ecoregions of Russia Category Ecoregions of Europe Category Biota of Russia Category Biota of Ukraine Category Black Sea es Complejo forestal submediterr neo de Crimea eo Krimea submediteranea arbarmasivo ... more details
The Titiwangsa ForestComplex runs along the Titiwangsa Mountains Banjaran Titiwangsa and forms part of the Central Forest Spine of Peninsular Malaysia . Patches and Roads The Titiwangsa ForestComplex comprises the following patches which are divided by roads running from East to West across the range Greater Belum Forest Patch Lebuhraya Timur Barat Federal Route 4 Greater Gunung Korbu Forest Patch Lebuhraya Timur Barat Kedua Federal Route 185 Greater Cameron Highlands Forest Patch Jalan Kuala Kubu Bharu Raub Federal Route 55 Greater Fraser s Hill Forest Patch Kuala Lumpur Karak Expressway Federal Route 2, 68, E8 Greater Gunung Nuang Forest Patch Federal Route 86 Greater Berembun Forest Patch Federal Route 51 Greater Angsi Forest Patch References National Physical Plan. 2005. Department of Town and Country Planning, Peninsular Malaysia. coord missing Malaysia Category Geography of Malaysia Category Forests of Malaysia ... more details
ForestComplex http destinationthailand.org thung yai naresuan huai kha khaeng wildlife sanctuaries ... coord missing Burma Category Conservation in Thailand Category Parks in Burma de Western ForestComplex ... more details
Crimean Tatar may refer to Crimean Tatars , ethnic group Crimean Tatar language , language of the Crimean Tatars disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
Infobox Ethnic group group Crimean Tatars br Q r mtatarlar image image File Flag of the Crimean Tatar people.svg 240px Flag of the Crimean Tatar people. br Deleted image removed File Amet Han Sultan.jpg ... in the 13th and 14th Centuries. Central Asiatic Journal. no 32, 1988. ref langs Crimean Tatar language Crimean Tatar , Russian language Russian , Turkish language Turkish , Urum language Urum related other Turkic peoples Crimean Tatars sg. Q r mtatar , pl. Q r mtatarlar or Crimeans sg. Q r m ... in Crimea . They speak the Crimean Tatar language . They are not to be confused with the Volga Tatars . In modern times, in addition to living in Crimea , Ukraine , there is a large diaspora of Crimean ... Crimean Tatar diaspora Distribution main Crimean Tatar diaspora Today, more than 240,000 Crimean ... number of people of Crimean Tatar origin living in Turkey, descendants of those ..., there are more than 27,000 Crimean Tatars 24,000 on the Romanian side, and 3,000 on the Bulgarian side Citation needed date June 2011 . Subethnic groups Unreferenced section date June 2011 The Crimean ... with Nogais Nogai people , living now in Southern Russia former inhabitants of the Crimean ... Crimean Goths Disappearance Crimean Goths and Kipchaks along with the Cumans while the latest ... of the Black Sea nominally subjects of the Crimean Khan. ref http www.iccrimea.org scholarly bwilliams.html ... coast, Crimean Goths Goths of the central mountains, and Kipchaks Kipchak Tatars and Cumans of the plains and forming of the Crimean Tatar ethnic. ref Williams, BG. The Crimean Tatars The Diaspora ... is considered the direct ancestor of the current language of the Crimean Tatars with possible incorporations of the other languages like Crimean Goths Disappearance Crimean Gothic . ref Istv n V s ry ... of Crimea Crimean Khanate main Crimean Khanate The Crimean Tatars emerged as a nation at the time of the Crimean Khanate . The Crimean Khanate was a Turkic speaking Muslim state which was among the strongest ... more details
Infobox Former Subdivision native name br conventional long name Crimean Oblast common name Crimea subdivision Oblast nation the Russian SFSR and Ukrainian SSR year start 1945 event start Created from the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic Crimean ASSR date start June 30, 1945 year end 1992 event end Autonomy restored date end February 12, 1992 life span 1945 1991 p1 Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic flag p1 Flag of the Crimean ASSR, 1938.png s1 Autonomous Republic of Crimea flag s1 Flag of Crimea.svg image map Map of Ukraine political simple Oblast Krim.png image map caption Map of the Ukrainian SSR light blue with Crimean Oblast red . capital Simferopol latd 49 latm 21 latNS N longd 23 longm 30 longEW E event1 Transferred from the Russian SFSR to the Ukrainian SSR date event1 February 19, 1954 event2 date event2 stat area1 26100 stat year1 stat pop1 footnotes Crimean Tatars The Crimean Oblast lang uk , Romanization of Ukrainian translit Kryms ka oblast lang ru , Romanization of Russian translit Krymskaya oblast , lang crh Q r m vil yeti was an oblast province of the former Russian SFSR 1945 1954 and Ukrainian SSR 1954 1991 , which was at the time part of the Soviet Union . Its capital was the city of Simferopol . The Crimean Oblast was created from the newly abolished Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic Crimean ASSR on June 30, 1945. The oblast was then transferred from the Russian SFSR to the Ukrainian SSR on February 19, 1954 for more information see History of Crimea Crimea in the Soviet Union 1922 1991 History of Crimea Crimea in the Soviet Union 1922 1991 . Following a referendum held on January 20, 1991 the Crimean Oblast was upgraded to that of an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on February 12, 1991 by the Verkhovna Rada Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR . ref ... . See also History of Crimea Crimea Autonomous Republic of Crimea Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist ... more details
Taxobox name Crimean Barbel status regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Actinopterygii ordo Cypriniformes familia Cyprinidae genus Barbus species B. tauricus binomial Barbus tauricus binomial authority Karl Fedorovich Kessler Kessler , 1877 Crimean Barbel Barbus tauricus is a species of ray finned fish in the genus Barbus . Footnotes fishbase Barbus tauricus Category Barbus Barbus stub ca Barbus tauricus es Barbus tauricus nl Barbus tauricus ru uk ... more details
Infobox language name Crimean Gothic states formerly Crimea extinct by the 18th century ? familycolor ... language Gothic script unknown iso3 got Crimean Gothic was a Gothic language Gothic dialect spoken by the Crimean Goths in some isolated locations in Crimea now in Ukraine until the late 18th century ... not unimpeachable one was a Greek speaker who knew Crimean Gothic as a second language, the other a Goth ... font size 85 width 100 Crimean Gothic Meaning Bible Gothic German language German Dutch language ... width 100 Crimean Gothic Meaning Bible Gothic German language German Dutch language Dutch Faroese ... in Crimean Gothic and Biblical Gothic but which have undergone changes in West and North Germanic. For example, both Crimean Gothic and Biblical Gothic preserve Germanic z as a sibilant , while it became r in all other Germanic dialects. Crimean Gothic and Biblical Gothic both preserve the medial ... in assuming that Crimean Gothic represents simply a later stage in the development of the Gothic attested in Ulfilas Bible. Some innovations in Biblical Gothic are not found in Crimean Gothic, for example Crimean Gothic preserves Germanic e , whereas in Biblical Gothic it has become i , e.g. Crimean Gothic reghen , suuester , Biblical Gothic rign , swister Crimean Gothic preserves Germanic u before r whereas Biblical Gothic has au , e.g. Crimean Gothic vvurt , Biblical Gothic waur i ... to a Stop consonant stop seen in Crimean Gothic tria cf. Biblical Gothic riu . Several historical accounts mention the similarity to Low German and the intelligibility of Crimean Gothic to German speakers. There are two alternative solutions that Crimean Gothic presents a separate branch of East Germanic , distinct from Ulfilas Gothic or that Crimean Gothic is descended from the dialect of West ... solution to this problem, it is accepted that Crimean Gothic is not a descendant of Biblical ... definitively. There is no consensus as to whether it is in fact Crimean Gothic. Other sources ... more details
long name Crimean Khanate common name Crimean Khanate continent Europe region Black Sea country Ukraine ... image coat Gerae tamga.svg coa image map Crimean Khanate 1600.gif image map caption Crimean Khanate in 1600 capital Bakhchisaray Bah eseray Bakhchisaray religion Sunni Islam common languages Crimean Tatar language br Ottoman Turkish language Ottoman Turkish title leader List of Crimean khans Khan leader1 List of Crimean khans List Crimean Khanate , or Khanate of Crimea lang crh3 Q r m Hanl ... tr K r m Hanl lang pl Chanat Krymski , was a Sovereign state state ruled by Crimean Tatars from ... article index.php?q The Crimean Khanate The Tatar Khanate of Crimea ref History Establishment The Crimean Khanate was founded when certain clans of the Golden Horde Empire ceased their nomadic ... e ist devlet.html Bakhchisaray history en icon ref The khanate included the Crimean peninsula ... of new Crimean khans. The Empire annexed the Crimean coast, but recognized the legitimacy of the khanate rule of the steppes, as the khans were descendants of Genghis Khan . Ottoman Crimean relationship File Lucznik tatarski.jpg thumb upright left A Crimean Tatar cavalry archer. File Szigetvar ... in 1566, Crimean Tatars as vanguard. In 1475, the Ottomans imprisoned Me li I Giray for three years ... than subjects. ref http www.hansaray.org.ua e ist bgcs.html Crimean Khans were appointed ref The khans ... with his successor, from 1524 on, Crimean khans were appointed by the Sultan. Citation needed date January 2010 The alliance of the Crimean Tatars and the Ottomans was comparable to Polish Lithuanian Union Polish Lithuanian in its importance and durability. The Crimean cavalry became indispensable to the Ottomans ... whkmla military russia milxcrimeantatars.html List of Wars of the Crimean Tatars ref Victory over .... Slave trade File Taniec tatarski.jpg thumb Crimean Tatar warrior fighting with a Polish Lithuanian ... a fixed share sav a of 10 or 20 . The campaigns by Crimean forces categorize into sefers , officially ... more details
Image Mangup 15.jpg thumb 300px Archaeological evidence of the Crimean Goths in Crimea Crimean Goths ..., Theodoric the Great failed to rouse Crimean Goths to support his war in Italy . ref name Wolfram .... Image Theodoro.png thumb 500px Map of Gothia territory of the Crimean Goths Aside from textual ... capital city of the Crimean Goths Doros, or Mangup as it is now known. On top of this, there are numerous ... Kingdom. Definition In the report made by Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq of the Crimean Goths ... 1922 170 72. ref some others have maintained that the so called Crimean Goths were in fact West or even ... steppe. Image Mangup 10.jpg thumb left alt The Ruins of Mangup Doros Capital of the Crimean Goths The modern day ruins of Mangup Doros Capital of the Crimean Goths . The Ostrogoths became vassal ... been speculated that the Crimean Goths were in fact Saxons escaping Christian persecution from the west ... the late fifth and early 6th century, the Crimean Goths had to fight off hordes of Huns who were migrating ... century, Theodoric the Great tried to recruit Crimean Goths for his campaigns in Italy , but few showed ... E common languages Greek language Greek official , also Crimean Gothic language Crimean Gothic , Kipchak ... by the Republic of Genoa Genoese . Its population was a mixture of Greeks , Crimean Goths, Alans ... of Trebizond Trebizond , and possibly part of its Crimean possessions, the Perateia . Theodore II ... was appointed as the governor. Many Crimean Goths were Greek speakers and many non Gothic Byzantine ... and the trade that went through the Crimean harbours. A narrow strip of the coastal land from Yamboli ... part of the Crimean Khanate , now an Ottoman vassal, the former lands of Theodoro and southern Crimea ... ref Kempfer,Kaempfer 1631 1716 ref blockquote Religion The first report of the Crimean Goths appears ... 1971 16. ref These are the only two reports which refer to the existence of a written form of Crimean ... other Gothic peoples, Citation needed date September 2007 the Crimean Goths had fully integrated with the Trinity ... more details
The Crimean Mountains lang uk , Romanization of Ukrainian translit. Krymski Hory lang ru , Romanization of Russian translit. Krymskie Gory lang crh Q r m da lar is a Mountain range range of mountains running parallel to the south east coast of Crimea , Ukraine , between about five and eight miles 13 km from the sea. Toward the west, the mountains drop steeply to the Black Sea , and to the east, they change slowly into a steppe landscape. Crimean Mountains consist of three subranges. The highest is the Main range. Main range is subdivided into several massives, known as Yayla yaylas or mountain plateaus Yayla is Crimean Tatar language Crimean Tatar for Alpine Meadow . They are Baydar Yayla Ay Petri Yayla Yalta Yayla Nikita, Ukraine Nikita Yayla Gurzuf Yayla Babugan Yayla Chatyr Dag Yayla Dologorukovskaya Subatkan Yayla Demirji Yayla Karabi Yayla The Crimea s highest peak is the Roman Kosh lang uk ru , lang crh Roman Qo on the Babugan Yayla at convert 1545 m . Other important peaks over 1,200 metres include Demir Kapu lang uk , lang ru , lang crh Demir Qap 1,540 m in the Babugan Yayla Zeytin Kosh lang uk ru , lang crh Zeyt n Qo 1,537 m in the Babugan Yayla Kemal Egerek lang uk , lang ru , lang crh Kemal Egerek 1,529 m in the Babugan Yayla Eklizi Burun lang uk , lang ru ... passes over the Crimean Mountains are Angarskyi Pass near the Perevalne village, on a road from ... Laspi Pass near Cape Aya , on a road from Yalta to Sevastopol . Rivers of the Crimean Mountains ... have found the earliest anatomically modern humans in Europe in the Crimean mountains ... mountain Image Crimean mountains.jpg Crimean mountains gallery See also Waterfalls of Ukraine References Reflist External links http www.mapofukraine.net crimean mountains Crimean mountains view on all ... Great collection of Crimean mountains from private mountain guide Sergey Sorokin coord 44 45 N 34 ... more details
confederation Kerait The Crimean Karaites Crimean Karaim language Karaim sg. qaray , pl. ... medieval times. The name Crimean Karaites has often been considered as something of a misnomer, as many ... throughout the region, one of which was Crimea. Nevertheless this name, Crimean Karaites is used ... . For the purposes of this article, the terms Crimean Karaites , Karaim , and Qarays are used ... related to Crimean Tatar language Crimean Tatar , Armeno Kipchak etc. Among the many different influences ... on the Crimean peninsula. Three different dialects developed the Troki dialect, used in Trakai and Vilnius Lithuania , the Lutsk or Halych dialect spoken in Lutsk until World War II , and Halych , and the Crimean ... garb, Crimea, 19th century. Turkic languages Turkic speaking Karaites in the Crimean Tatar language ... converts to Karaite Judaism. Today many Crimean Karaites deny Israelite origins and consider themselves ... strongly suggest that Crimean Karaites previously considered themselves Jews See Yitzhak of Troki s Hizzuk Emunah or http www.orahsaddiqim.org History Karaite Poetry turn of century.shtml a Crimean ... of the Crimean Khanate some of the major communities could be found in the towns of ufut Qale ... forces of Grand Duchy of Lithuania Rzeczpospolita and the Crimean Khanate . Karaites in the Khazar ... of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania relocated one branch the Crimean Karaites to Lithuania where they continued ... footing with Crimean Tatars . The related Krymchak community, which was of similar ethnolinguistic ... of Eupatoria . Solomon Krym b.1864, d. 1936 , a Crimean Karaite agronomist, was elected in 1906 ... . On November 16, 1918 he became the Prime Minister of a short lived Crimean Russian liberal, anti ... Alan W. title The Crimean Tatars publisher Hoover Press year 1978 pages 264 isbn 9780817966621 ... referring to the Crimean Tatars . However, so as not to infringe the unified anti Jewish orientation ... the Crimean Tatars, Greeks, Armenians and others the Soviet authorities alleged had collaborated during ... more details
Expand Russian date November 2011 The Crimean Front was one of the Soviet Army front Soviet Army front s of World War II . It was commanded throughout its existence by Dmitr Timofeyevich Kozlov and was made up of the Soviet 44th Army 44th , 47th Army 47th and 51st Army 51st Armies. It also had operational control of the North Caucasus Military District , the Black Sea Fleet , the Sevastopol Defence Region, the Azov Flotilla and Kerch Naval Base. It was formed on 28 January 1942 by splitting the Caucasian front and included the armies then in the Kerch and Taman, Russia Taman peninsulas and the region of Krasnodar, along with operational control of other forces. It was tasked with assisting the troops in the troops of Sevastopol Defence Area, strike at Karasubazar and threaten the rear of the German force blockading Sevastopol. Its troops went on the offensive three times from February 27 to April 13, 1942, but made no significant progress and after a minor advance they were forced onto the defensive. On 21 April 1942 the troops in the North Caucasus were added to it. On 8 May that year the Germans launched Battle of the Kerch Peninsula an offensive on the Kerch Peninsula and recaptured it on 16 May, forcing the Soviet troops of the Crimean Front to be evacuated to the Taman Peninsula. Some troops were unable to evacuate and fought the Germans at Adzhimushkay until the end of October the same year, with no stocks of food, water, medicine, arms and ammunition. The Red Army lost over 300,000 men in the Kerch landings, including around 170,000, and a large amount of its heavy weaponry. The landings failure was also a major factor in the Soviet loss of Sevastopol and made possible the German summer offensive in the Caucasus. On 19 May 1942 the Crimean Front was abolished and its troops handed over to the command of the North Caucasian Front . Fronts of the Red Army in World War II Category Soviet fronts cs Krymsk front de Krimfront pl Front Krymski ru ... more details
File Crimean 52 Simferopol Alushta Yalta inter city trolleybus in Simferopol.jpg thumb right A trolleybus on interurban route 52 Simferopol Alushta Yalta at the Simferopol terminus station. Trolleybus no. 2005 is a koda Works koda 14Tr. File Angarsky Pass in Crimea.jpg thumb right Trolleybus shelter at Angarskyi Pass elevation 752 metres Crimean Trolleybus Line lang uk , Romanization of Ukrainian translit. Kryms kyi troleibus lang ru , Romanization of Russian translit. Krymskiy trolleybus lang crh Q r m trolleybus in Crimea , Ukraine is currently the longest trolleybus line in the world. ref name Crimea cite web url http www.blacksea crimea.com Places trolleybuses.html title The longest trolleybus line in the world accessdate January 15, 2007 work blacksea crimea.com ref ref name Murray Murray, Alan 2000 . World Trolleybus Encyclopaedia . p. 41. Yateley, Hampshire, UK Trolleybooks. ISBN 0 904235 18 1. ref It is Convert 86 km mi long, ref Makewell, Roy. Trolleybuses Over the Yaila Mountains . Trolleybus Magazine No. 193 January February 1994 , pp. 2 16. National Trolleybus Assn. UK . ref and runs between the autonomous republic s capital, Simferopol , and the coastal city of Yalta on the Black Sea . The trolleybus line, managed by the public transport company Krymtrolleybus, was built in 1959 in the Ukrainian SSR as an alternative to extending the current railway line in Simferopol over the mountains to the coastal settlements. The line was opened in two parts the Simferopol Alushta segment was opened in 1959 and the Alushta Yalta segment in 1961. The journey to Alushta is about 1 hours long, and the journey to Yalta is about 2 hours long, and costs about 8 Ukrainian hryvnia hryvnia s. ref name Crimea The trolleybus line s route passes through the Yayla Mountains Crimean Mountains across the Angarskyi Pass , reaching Convert 752 ... koda vehicles. See also Crimean Trolleybus collapse yes List of trolleybus systems in Ukraine ... more details
Other uses Refimprove date November 2010 Infobox military conflict conflict Crimean War partof Ottoman ... The Siege of Sevastopol 1904 date October 1853 February 1856 place Crimea Crimean Peninsula ... from all causes ref name autogenerated1 John Sweetman, Crimean War, Essential Histories 2 , Osprey Publishing, 2001, ISBN 1 84176 186 9, p.89 ref br total dead est. 50,000 ref Clive Pointing, The Crimean ... ref name autogenerated2002 Campaignbox Crimean War Campaignbox Russo Ottoman Wars The Crimean War ... at the time. The Crimean War is known for the logistical and tactical errors during the land campaign .... ref The Crimean War was one of the first wars to be documented extensively in written reports and war ... skirmish during Crimean War.PNG thumb left Russo French skirmish during Crimean War When on 2 July .... ref name EB cite book title Encyclop dia Britannica Crimean War year 1994 accessdate 2008 05 29 ref ... access to the River Danube . When the Tsar refused to comply with these Four Points, the Crimean ... 1854 1855 Image Crimean war 1853 56.png thumb 220px right Map of Crimean War Image Fall of Sevastopol.jpg ... attempts to join the war on the Russian side. Austria remained neutral in the Crimean War. ref Frederick ... was actually the second major battle of the Crimean War after Oltenitza. ref Frederick Engels ... at Varna moved on to the invasion of the Crimea. Black Sea theatre The naval operations of the Crimean ... warfare. Crimean campaign Main Siege of Sevastopol 1854 1855 File Vernet Taking of the Malakoff.jpg .... File Russo British skirmish during Crimean War.png thumb left Russo British skirmish during Crimean War The Crimean campaign opened in September 1854 with the landing of the allied expeditionary ... Baltic was a forgotten theatre of the Crimean War. The popularisation of events elsewhere had overshadowed ... during the Crimean War, after William Simpson artist William Simpson Russia was dependent on imports ... such as nitroglycerin and gunpowder. Modern naval mine naval mining is said to date from the Crimean ... more details
distinguish Crimean War Crimean Offensive Crimean campaigns of 1687 and 1689 File Bundesarchiv N 1603 Bild 117, Russland, Sewastopol, zerst rte Festung Maxim Gorki.jpg thumb right Destroyed naval artillery at Sevastopol Campaignbox Axis Soviet War Campaignbox Barbarossa Campaignbox Crimea and Caucasus The Crimea Campaign was an eight month long campaign of the Axis forces to conquer the Crimea peninsula, and was the scene of some of the bloodiest battles on the Eastern Front World War II Eastern Front during World War II . The Nazi Germany German and Romania during World War II Romanian troops suffered heavy casualties as they tried to advance through the isthmus linking the Crimean peninsula to the mainland at Perekop , from summer of 1941 through to the first half of 1942. From the 26 September 1941 the German 11th Army Wehrmacht 11th Army and troops from the Romania n Third Army Romania Third Army and Fourth Army Romania Fourth Army were involved in the fighting, ref name Atlas p.62, Keegan ref opposed by the Red Army s 51st Army Soviet Union 51st Army and elements of the Black Sea Fleet . After the campaign, the peninsula was occupied by Army Group A with the 17th Army Wehrmacht 17th Army as its major subordinate formation. ref p.71, p.79, Bishop ref Once the Axis German and Romanian troops broke through, they occupied most of Crimea, with the exception of the city of Sevastopol , which was given the title of Hero City for its resistance, and Kerch , which was recaptured by the Soviets during an amphibious operation near the end of 1941 and then once again by Germans during Battle of the Kerch Peninsula Operation Bustard Hunt on 8 May. ref name Atlas ref see Kerch in Osvobozhdeniye gorodov on www.soldat.ru ref The Siege of Sevastopol 1941 1942 Siege of Sevastopol lasted 250 days from 30 October 1941 until 4 July 1942, when the Germans finally captured the city. The main ... Front during the Crimean Offensive 8 April 1944 12 May 1944 and its three sub operations Kerch Eltigen ... more details
distinguish Crimean War Crimean Campaign Crimean campaigns of 1687 and 1689 Infobox military conflict conflict Crimean Offensive partof the Eastern Front World War II Eastern Front of World War II image File Eastern Front 1943 08 to 1944 12.png 300px Eastern Front caption Red Army Offensives during 1943 1944 date 8 April 12 May 1944 place Crimean Peninsula , Soviet Union result Soviet Victory combatant1 flag Soviet Union 1923 combatant2 flagcountry Nazi Germany br flagcountry Kingdom of Romania commander1 flagicon Soviet Union 1923 Fyodor Tolbukhin commander2 flagicon Nazi Germany Erwin Jaenecke strength1 462,400 men ref name glantz Glantz 1995 , p. 298 ref strength2 Unknown casualties1 17,754 killed and missing br 67,065 wounded br 84,819 overall ref name glantz casualties2 57,500 killed and missing br 39,200 wounded br 96,700 overall br 61,580 captured notes campaignbox Campaignbox Axis Soviet War Campaignbox Crimea and Caucasus The Crimean Offensive 8 April 12 May 1944 known in German sources as the Battle of the Crimea Citation needed date October 2008 was a series of offensives by the Red Army in the effort to liberate Crimea from the German Wehrmacht occupation. The Red Army s 4th Ukrainian Front engaged the German 17th Army of Army Group South , which consisted of German and Kingdom of Romania Romanian formations, in an operation to liberate the Crimean peninsula. The result of the battle was complete victory for the Red Army, and a botched evacuation effort across the Black Sea , leading to significant German and Romanian losses. Setting the stage During late 1943 and early 1944, the Wehrmacht was pressed back along its entire frontline in the east. In October 1943, the 17th Army was forced to retreat from the Kuban Bridgehead across the Kerch Strait to Crimea. During the following months, the Red Army pushed back the Wehrmacht in southern Ukraine , eventually cutting off the land based connection of 17th Army through the Perekop Isthmus in November 1943. Progress ... more details
The Complex may refer to The Complex An Insider Exposes the Covert World of the Church of Scientology , 2008 book by John Duignan The Complex How the Military Invades Our Everyday Lives , 2008 book by Nick Turse The Complex album The Complex album , by Blue Man Group The Complex Valdosta, Georgia , a multi purpose arena See also Complex disambiguation disambig ... more details
wiktionary complex complexes A complex is a whole that comprehends a number of intricate parts, especially one with interconnected or mutually related parts for example, a complex of building s . Complex may refer to tocright Biology Multiprotein complex , a group of two or more associated polypeptide chains Complex taxonomy , in biology, a cluster of species so closely related that they intergrade ... complex , a complex system of organisms and dependencies involved in a case of mimicry Chemistry Coordination complex , also called a coordination compound or metal complex , a structure consisting ... complex , a coordination complex with more than one bond Mathematics Complex number , an extension of real numbers obtained by adjoining imaginary numbers Complex system , a system of interconnected simple ... order behavior Complex analysis , the study of functions of complex numbers An element of a complex algebra or field of sets Chain complex , a possibly long sequence of maps Simplicial complex , a kind ... CW complex , or closure finite weak complex, a kind of topological space, a generalization of the simplicial complex Line complex , a 3 dimensional family of lines in space Other scientific uses Complex psychology , a group of mental factors that are unconsciously associated by the individual with a particular subject and influence the individual s attitude and behavior Synonym for a complex system which generally includes all interactions between elements Complex crater , a type of large impact crater morphology As a name Complex artist , an American Rap artist Complex band , a Japanese rock band Complex magazine Complex magazine , a young men s style lifestyle magazine CoMPLEX ucl is an interdisciplinary centre at University College London into biology and biomedicine Complex song Complex song , a song by British musician Gary Numan See also The Complex disambiguation Complexity Complexity disambiguation Complexity theory disambiguation Theory of complex systems The Military ... more details
The Crimean War may refer to three conflicts in the Crimea the Crimean War in the 1850s, Russo Crimean Wars between Russia and the Crimean Khanate Crimean campaigns of 1687 and 1689 part of these wars Crimean Campaign 1941 1942 a WWII German offensive, Crimean Offensive 1944 a WWII Soviet offensive. disambig th ... more details
Crimean War medal may refer to British Crimean War Medal Turkish Crimean War medal Baltic Medal , awarded for naval operations in the Baltic Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages dab Category Article Feedback 5 ... more details
Crimean Tatars The Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People lang crh Q r mtatar Milliy Meclisi lang uk i is the central executive body of the Kurultai of Crimean Tatars , living in their homeland of Crimea , Ukraine . Since 1998 , Mustafa Abd lcemil Q r mo lu ref name BBC http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi europe country profiles 6080890.stm leaders Regions and territories Crimea , BBC ... in 1991, to act as a representative body for the Crimean Tatars which could address grievances to the Verkhovna Rada Ukrainian central government, the Verkhovna Rada of Crimea Crimean government ... declared its sovereignty over the Crimean Tatars, and adopted the Crimean Tatar s national anthem and Flag of Crimea Crimean Tatars national flag . ref name euro cite web url http www.euronet.nl users sota krfacts.html title Crimean Tatar Fact Sheet Chronology accessdate March 26, 2007 author last Altan ... February 4, 2007 ref Also, the Crimean Tatars elected 14 Crimean Tatar Deputies to the Verkhovna Rada of Crimea . These 14 deputies were the first Crimean Tatar representatives in the Crimean Parliament ... Crimean Tatar Fact Sheet Chronology accessdate March 26, 2007 author last Altan first Mubeyyin Batu ... ref On April 6, 2010, several pro Russian Crimean political leaders in Crimea demanded the disbanding and banning of the Mejlis and all other forms of political representation for the Crimean Tatars ... are unconstitutional. ref http www.rferl.org content ProRussia Groups Want Crimean Tatar Bodies Disbanded 2004234.html ref Crimean Tatar organizations have urged Ukrainian President President Viktor ... Crimean Tatar Groups In Germany Appeal To Ukrainian President 2041406.html ref See also Majlis References ... and Documentation of Crimean Tatars Statute on Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar people Language icon ru http www.qtmm.org en Official site of Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People Crimea topics DEFAULTSORT Mejlis Of The Crimean Tatar People Category Crimean society Category Politics of Crimea Category Organisations ... more details
Crimean Tatars S rg n Crimean Tatar language Crimean Tatar for exile refers to the state organized forcible deportation of the Crimean Tatars in 1944 to Uzbek SSR and other parts of the Soviet Union . A symbol of S rg n is a steam engine . The projects of expelling the Crimean Tatars from the Crimea ... ref In 1944 under the false pretext ref http www.massviolence.org Surgun The Crimean Tatars deportation and exile ref of alleged mass collaboration of the Crimean Tatars with the Nazis during the Nazi occupation of the Crimea in 1941 1944. the Soviet government decided the total eviction of the Crimean ... on 18 May 1944 in all Crimean inhabited localities. ref cite news url http www.voanews.com english news a 13 2009 05 18 voa21 68734727.html title Ukraine to Investigate Crimean Tatar Deportation ... Surgun The Crimean Tatars deportation and exile?artpage 1 outil sommaire 0 ref . 193,865 Crimean ... 29,846 to the various oblast s of Russian SFSR . At the same moment, most of the Crimean Tatar ... in Siberia and in the Ural mountain region ref http www.massviolence.org Surgun The Crimean Tatars ... demographic impact during the first years of exile ref http www.massviolence.org Surgun The Crimean Tatars deportation and exile?artpage 1 outil sommaire 0 ref . From May to November 10,105 Crimean ... to Soviet dissident information, many Crimean Tatars were made to work in the large scale projects conducted ... & the Commissar , Time Magazine , November 30, 1953 ref The Crimean Tatar activists tried to evaluate ... Crimean Tatars of the 238,500 deportees died between July 1, 1944 and January 1, 1947 ref http www.massviolence.org Surgun The Crimean Tatars deportation and exile?artpage 3 outil sommaire 2 ref . Crimean ... 2005 12 6a4a70da 2d13 4cc1 aca5 1f4e2464e11e.html Crimean Tatars Call On Kyiv To Restore Their Rights ... archives l2tartar.html State Defense Committee Decree No. 5859ss , On the Crimean Tatars , Stalin ... Surgun The Crimean Tatars deportation and exile?artpage 1 8 Case Study S rg n The Crimean Tatars ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2007 Crimean Tatars The Crimean Tatar diaspora dates back to the annexation of Crimea by Russia in 1783, after which Crimean Tatars were forced to emigration emigrate in a series ... Union brought about the final dispersal of Crimean Tatars in 1944, in the midst of the World War ... and 15th centuries, Ottomans colonized Dobruja with Crimean Tatars from Bucak. Between 1593 and 1595, Crimean Tatars were also settled to Dobruja. Frederick de Jong Some Crimean Tatars went to Greece and Turkey . However, the first Crimean Tatar emigration took place after the Russo Turkish War, 1768 1774 Russian annexation of Crimea . Crimean Tatar ruling class mirzas and mullahs sought asylum .... The Crimean Tatars in the North Caucasus were exiled to Anatolia in 1877 1878 together with Circassians ... to southwards, to the Dobruja province. Crimean Tatars immigrated to the Ottoman Empire, where they were welcomed as fellow Muslims and as the populace of the formerly protected Crimean Khanate . The Ottoman territory was called aqtopraq white soil or more probably soil of justice by the Crimean ... s temporary retreat to Medina under the pressure from enemies of Islam . The outflow of the Crimean Tatars turned into an exodus after the Crimean War 1854 1856 , as the Russian government began to treat the Crimean Tatars as internal threats to its security because of their historical relations with the Ottoman Empire. The majority of the Crimean Tatar immigrants were settled in the Dobruja region ... significant numbers of Crimean Tatars perished due to changes in environmental and climate conditions. Although there were Crimean Tatars who emigrated from the mountainous, coastal, and urban parts ... surroundings, who lived largely in closed peasant communities. According to ancient Crimean Tatar traditions ... and Crimean Tatar language language intact almost up until the 1970s. The Crimean Tatar diaspora .... An excerpt from Crimean Tatar Exile Literature is as follows The angry and wild Black Sea roared, Rushed ... more details
File Koktebel1.jpg thumb right Crimean Tatars Crimean Tatar food stall on the beach in Koktebel Plov pilaw , Manti dumpling manty , shashlik . File Burek.jpg thumb right Chiburekki The Crimean Tatar cuisine is primarily the cuisine of the Crimean Tatars , who live on the Crimea Crimean Peninsula in Ukraine . Crimean Tatars have lived on the Black Sea peninsula of Crimea at least since the 13th century. In 1944, they were unjustly accused by Joseph Stalin of collaborating with the Nazi occupiers during World War II and some 500,000 Crimean Tatars were deported to Soviet Central Asia Central Asia . In the early 1990s, after nearly five decades in exile, approximately 250,000 Crimean Tatars decided to return to Crimea, officially a part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic since 1954. The Tatars living in Crimea today are a minority on the peninsula, accounting for 12 of the population of Crimea. Other countries with significant population of Crimean Tatars are Uzbekistan, Russia, Turkey, and Romania. The traditional cuisine of the Crimean Tatars derives basically from the same roots as the cuisine of the Volga Tatars, although unlike the Volga Tatars they do not eat horse meat and do not drink mare s milk kymyz . However, the Crimean Tatars adopted many Uzbek dishes during their exile in Central Asia since 1944, and these dishes have been absorbed into Crimean Tatar national cuisine after their return to Crimea. Uzbek samsa , La mian Central Asia laghman , and plov are sold ... in Russian language Russian , is also a staple among Crimean Tatars. Traditional dishes Chee b rek or Chiburekki ... moon shape. A national dish of the Crimean Tatars, it is also popular in Crimean Tatar diasporas ... reflist http www.euronet.nl users sota diet.html Crimean diet a century ago , including recipes of traditional Crimean Tatar dishes. Retrieved on 16 May 2009 G. R. Mack and A. Surina, Food culture in Russia ... galleries.html A gallery of Crimean Tatar food , International Committee for Crimea, Washington ... more details
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