dablink In West Africa , cubeb is usually the related West African Pepper Piper guineense . taxobox name Cubeb image Piper cubeba muda.jpg regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperm s unranked classis ... cubeba binomial authority Carolus Linnaeus L. Cubeb Piper cubeba , or tailed pepper , is a plant ... pepper. Cubeb came to Europe via India through the trade with the Arabs. The name cubeb comes from ... 1996 p 395 ref Cubeb is mentioned in alchemy alchemical writings by its Arabic name. In his Theatrum ... of cubeb in order to promote black pepper Piper nigrum around 1640. It experienced a brief resurgence ... in aromatic confections. Guillaume Bud and Claudius Salmasius have identified komakon with cubeb, probably due to the resemblance which the word bears to the Javanese language Javanese name of cubeb ... elsewhere. ref name Katzer 1 Harv Katzer 1998 . ref In the Tang Dynasty , cubeb was brought to China from Srivijaya . In India the spice came to be called kabab chini , that is, Chinese cubeb , possibly ..., there is no evidence showing that cubeb was used as a condiment in China. ref name Schafer 1 ... cubeb as a remedy for infertility, showing it was already used by Arabs for medicinal purposes. Cubeb was introduced to Arab cuisine Arabic cuisine around the 10th century. ref name Hal 2 Harv ... of cubeb, along with other valuable spices. In the 14th century, cubeb was imported into Europe ... and cubeb after his baths, probably as an aphrodisiac. Cubeb was thought by the people of Europe ... Orders Catholic priest who wrote about methods of exorcism in the late 17th century, includes cubeb ..., cubeb seed, roots of both aristolochies, great and small cardamom, ginger, long pepper, caryophylleae ... for the incense is quoted by neopagan authors, some of whom also claim that cubeb can be used in love sachets and spells. After the prohibition of sale, culinary use of cubeb decreased dramatically ..., cubeb was regularly shipped from Indonesia to Europe and the United States. The trade gradually ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 399734007 ImageFile Cubebol.png ImageSize 200px IUPACName small 3S,3aR,3bR,4S,7R,7aR Octahydro 3,7 dimethyl 4 1 methylethyl 1H cyclopenta 1,3 cyclopropa 1,2 benzen 3 ol small OtherNames Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 9451107 InChI 1 C15H26O c1 9 2 11 6 5 10 3 15 8 7 14 4,16 13 15 12 11 15 h9 13,16H,5 8H2,1 4H3 t10 ,11 ,12 ,13 ,14 ,15 m1 s1 InChIKey KONGRWVLXLWGDV BYGOPZEFBC SMILES1 O C 3 CC C 12 C H CC C H C H 1 C H 23 C C C C C StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C15H26O c1 9 2 11 6 5 10 3 15 8 7 14 4,16 13 15 12 11 15 h9 13,16H,5 8H2,1 4H3 t10 ,11 ,12 ,13 ,14 ,15 m1 s1 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey KONGRWVLXLWGDV BYGOPZEFSA N CASNo 23445 02 5 PubChem 11276107 SMILES H C 12 C H C H C C CC C H C C 31 C H 2 C C O CC3 Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 15 sub H sub 26 sub O MolarMass 222.37 g mol Appearance Density MeltingPt 61 62 C BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Cubebol is a natural sesquiterpene alcohol first identified in cubeb oil. It was patented as a cooling agent in 2001 by Firmenich , an international flavor company. The taste of cubebol is cooling and refreshing. ref cite web url http www.leffingwell.com cooler than menthol.htm title Cool without Menthol & Cooler than Menthol and Cooling Compounds as Insect Repellents first John C., Ph.D last Leffingwell publisher Leffingwell & Associates year 2001 accessdate 2006 09 15 ref The patent describes application of cubebol as a refreshing agent in various products, ranging from chewing gum to sorbets, drinks, toothpaste, and gelatin based confectioneries. ref US patent 6214788 ref References Reflist Category Cooling flavors Category Alcohols Category Sesquiterpenes fa fr Cub bol hu Kubebol ... more details
Image Xylopiaaethiopica.jpg thumb right 285px Grains of Selim seed pods The term Grains of Selim refers to the seeds of a shrubby tree, Xylopia aethiopica , found in Africa . It is also known as kimba pepper , African pepper , Moor pepper , Negro pepper , Kani pepper , Kili pepper , S n gal pepper , Ethiopian pepper , Hwentia and Guinea pepper . The seeds have a musky flavor and are used as a black pepper pepper substitute. It is sometimes confused with grains of paradise . Description As a spice the whole fruit seed pod is used as the hull of the fruit lends an aromatic note with the taste being described as an admixture of West African Pepper cubeb pepper and nutmeg with overtones of resin whilst the seeds lend pungency they are also quite bitter . Typically the dried fruit is lightly crushed before being tied in a bouquet garni and added to West African soups stews . In S n gal , the spice is often sold smoked in markets as Poivre de S n gal the whole green fruit is smoked giving the spice a sticky consistency and when pounded in a pestle and mortar it makes an excellent fish rub. These, however, tend to be the larger pods of the related species Xylopia striata . In West African cookbooks, especially those from Cameroon , the spice is referred to as kieng , but the language that name is derived from is unknown. Use in cuisine The Legume pod s are crushed and added whole to soups or stews, then removed before serving the food. Smoked pods can be ground before being used as a spice rub for fish. See also List of culinary herbs and spices References refbegin The Oxford Companion to Food , by Alan Davidson, Oxford University Press. ISBN 0 19 211579 0 Gernot Katzer s Spice Pages http www.uni graz.at katzer engl Xylo aet.html accessed October 26 2005 Celtnet Spice Guide http www.celtnet.org.uk recipes spice entry.php?term Senegal 20Pepper accessed July 19 2007 refend External links http www.celtnet.org.uk recipes miscellaneous fetch recipe.php?rid misc peanut soup Reci ... more details
P. amalgo was used by the Aztecs to spice up Cocoa bean cocoa . Cubeb P. cubeba , also known as Tailed or Javan Pepper actually played a major role in Early Modern Era spice trade ocet kubebowy , Cubeb ... at the end of the 1630s suppressed trade in Cubeb peppercorns to capitalize on his massive share of the Black Pepper trade. ref Parkinson 1640 ref After a brief comeback as a medical plant, Cubeb ... Faikava.jpg thumb right At a kava culture Tonga Kava club in Tonga Cubeb P. cubeba has been used in folk ... Piper coeloneurum Piper cordulatum Piper cubeba &ndash Cubeb , Java Pepper, Tailed Pepper Piper curtipedunculum ... Pepper , Ashanti Pepper, Benin Pepper, False Cubeb, Guinea Pepper, Guinea Cubeb, Uziza Pepper, kale ... more details
Wiktionarypar pepper Pepper or Peppers may refer to TOC right Plants and plant products The genus Piper genus of the pepper family Piperaceae , including for example Black pepper , white and green pepper, Piper nigrum Cubeb , Piper cubeba , also known as Java pepper Long pepper , Piper longum The genus Capsicum of the nightshade family Solanaceae , including for example Banana pepper , a number of species and spices Bell pepper , a Capsicum annuum cultivar Cayenne pepper , a Capsicum annuum cultivar Chili pepper , a number of species Datil pepper , a Capsicum chinense cultivar Jalape o , a Capsicum annuum cultivar The genus Pimenta genus of the myrtle family Myrtaceae , including for example Allspice P. dioicia Pimenta haitiensis Pimenta jamaicensis Pimenta obscura Pimenta racemosa P. racemosa , West Indian bay tree Other plants known as peppers Aframomum melegueta , grains of paradise Macropiper excelsum , kawakawa Pseudowintera , horopito Pseudowintera colorata , New Zealand Pepperwood Schinus genus, peppercorn trees Tasmanian pepper , Mountain pepper or pepperbush , Tasmannia species Zanthoxylum genus Sichuan pepper , produced from the fruit of several Zanthoxylum species Zanthoxylum clava herculis , American Pepperwood People Pepper name Peppers name Fictional characters Pepper, an orphan girl in the musical Annie musical Annie Pepper, a character in the Chili s restaurant activity packages Pepper, a Dutch Warmblood horse with light blue highlights from the Horseland TV series Horseland TV series Pepper, a bartender in the musical Mamma Mia and the movie Mamma Mia The Movie Pepper, one of the main characters in the animation Pepper and Kad Pepper Ann , the main character from the Disney TV series Pepper Ann Pepper Potts , the secretary of Iron Man in the Marvel comics universe Chris Pepper, character played by Peter Lawford in 1969 comedy One More Time film directed by Jerry Lewis Sgt. Floyd Pepper , a character from The Muppet Show and related works Sgt. Leann ... more details
No footnotes date April 2009 Image Ras.el.hanout.jpg 250px thumb right Ras el hanout Ras el hanout or Rass el hanout Arabic is a popular Morocco Moroccan blend of spices that is used across North Africa . The name means head of the shop in Arabic and refers to a mixture of the best spices a seller has to offer. There are three types of blends for Ras el Hanout Lamrouzia, L msagna and Monuza. There is no definitive set combination of spices that makes up Ras el hanout. Each shop, company, or person would have their own secret combination containing over a dozen spices. Typically they would include cardamom , clove , cinnamon , ground chili pepper s, paprika is made of sweet peppers which quite different from chilies which are hot coriander , cumin , nutmeg , peppercorn fruit peppercorn , and turmeric . Some recipes include over one hundred ingredients, some rarely found in Western food, such as Rowan Rowan berries as food ash berries , chufa , Grains of Paradise , orris root , Monk s pepper , cubeb s, or dried rosebud . Usually all ingredients are toasted and then ground up together. Individual recipes are often improvised. Ras el hanout is used in almost every kind of food, sometimes rubbed on meat and stirred into rice . When Ras el hanout included spanish fly cantharides in its list of ingredients, it has some aphrodisiac properties. However, the sale of cantharides in Moroccan spice markets was banned in the 1990s. ref name Davidson Harv Davidson 1999 ref See also Baharat Garam masala Advieh Notes reflist 30em References The Gourmet Cookbook , by Ruth Reichl Ed. , Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0 618 37408 6 The Oxford Companion to Food , by Alan Davidson, Oxford University Press. ISBN 0 19 211579 0 cite book author Davidson, Alan last Davidson first Alan title The Oxford Companion to Food publisher Oxford University Press year 1999 isbn 0 19 211579 0 . Herbs and spices Category Herb and spice mixtures Category Arab cuisine Category Mediterranean cuisine Cate ... more details
Ludovico Maria Sinistrari born 26 February 1622, died 1701 was an Italians Italian Franciscan priest and author. Biography Born in Ameno , Italy , he studied in Pavia and entered the Franciscan Order in 1647. He taught philosophy and theology to students attracted to Pavia some by his fame. Sinistrari was an advisor to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition in Rome . He was considered an expert on exorcism and wrote of the effects during excorsicms of various plants and other substances ref De Daemonialitate et Incubis et Succubis by Ludivico Sinistrari manuscript 1680, printed 1875, reprinted 2003, 2009 ref including cubeb , cardamom , ginger and nutmeg . He was also considered an expert on demonology ref http www.whiterosesgarden.com Nature of Evil Demons List of Demons H I J K contents incubus.htm White Roses Garden Incubus ref , sin s relating to Human sexuality sexuality and all combinations thereof including investigations of those individuals accused of sexual relations with demonkind. Allegations along these lines became staples of later Inquisition investigations of those accused of witchcraft . Not surprisingly, his advice was, at various time, directed against enemies of the Roman Catholic Church , including his references to Martin Luther as a cambion devil begotten man ref http www.themystica.com mystica articles i incubus.html The Mystica Incubus ref . Bibliography of written works Sinistrari was a prolific author and was responsible for many of the works which framed Inquisition thinking during the 17th century, especially in relation to the incubus , succubus and other demon s which were thought to roam the Earth and with Human sexual activity sexual practices which were considered sinful ref Fra Luigi Sinistrari on Lewdness by Hugh Hagius The Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide, 1 May 2004 ref De Daemonialitate et Incubis et Succubis Demoniality Or, Incubi and Succubi . Lewdness w ... more details
Chembox Name Bisabolene small top small , Bisabolene small middle small , and Bisabolene small bottom small ImageFile bisabolene alpha.svg ImageSize 200px ImageFile1 bisabolene beta.svg ImageSize1 200px ImageFile2 Bisabolene 3D.png ImageSize2 200px ImageFile3 bisabolene gamma.svg ImageSize3 200px IUPACName E 1 Methyl 4 6 methylhepta 2,5 dien 2 yl cyclohex 1 ene br S 1 Methyl 4 6 methylhepta 1,5 dien 2 yl cyclohex 1 ene br Z 1 Methyl 4 6 methylhept 5 en 2 ylidene cyclohex 1 ene PIN OtherNames Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo 17627 44 0 CASNo Comment CASNo ref cascite CASNo1 495 61 4 CASNo1 Comment CASNo1 ref cascite CASNo2 495 62 5 CASNo2 Comment CASNo2 ref cascite PubChem ChemSpiderID 4509521 ChemSpiderID Comment ChemSpiderID1 8279897 ChemSpiderID1 Comment ChemSpiderID2 2298446 ChemSpiderID2 Comment InChI InChI 1S C15H24 c1 12 2 6 5 7 14 4 15 10 8 13 3 9 11 15 h6 8,15H,5,9 11H2,1 4H3 b14 7 br InChI 1S C15H24 c1 12 2 6 5 7 14 4 15 10 8 13 3 9 11 15 h6,8,15H,4 5,7,9 11H2,1 3H3 t15 m1 s1 br InChI 1S C15H24 c1 12 2 6 5 7 14 4 15 10 8 13 3 9 11 15 h6,8H,5,7,9 11H2,1 4H3 b15 14 SMILES CC1 CCC C C C C C C C C CC1 br CC1 CC C H C CC C C C C C CC1 br CC CC 1 CCC1 C C CC C C C C Section2 Chembox Properties C 15 H 24 Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Bisabolenes are a group of closely related natural chemical compounds which are classified as sesquiterpene s. Bisabolenes are present in the essential oil s of a wide variety of plants including cubeb , lemon and oregano . Bisabolene has a balsamic odor ref http www.flavornet.org info 495 61 4.html bisabolene , flavornet.org ref and is approved in Europe as a food additive. Bisabolenes are intermediates in the biosynthesis of many other natural chemical compounds, ref http www.chem.qmul.ac.uk iubmb enzyme reaction terp bisabo.html Bisabolene derived sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis ref including hernandulcin , a natural ... more details
Refimprove date August 2009 Infobox Beverage name Bombay Sapphire image Image Bombay sapphire.jpg 80px type Gin abv 40 UK, Australia br 47 US & Export proof 80 UK, Australia br 94 US & Export manufacturer Bombay Spirits Co., Ltd. distributor Bacardi origin England introduced 1987 discontinued colour Clear flavour variants related Bombay Original Dry website http www.bombaysapphire.com bombaysapphire.com Bombay Sapphire is a brand of gin distributed by Bacardi that was launched in 1987. Its name originates from the gin s popularity in Indian subcontinent India during the British Raj and the sapphire in question is the Star of Bombay on display at the Smithsonian Institution . ref http www.bacardilimited.com brands bombay.html ref Bombay Sapphire is marketed in a flat sided, sapphire coloured bottle that bears a picture of Victoria of the United Kingdom Queen Victoria on the label. ref http www.bacardilimited.com brands bombay.html ref The flavouring of the drink comes from a recipe of ten ingredients which the bottle s label boasts as 10 exotic botanicals almond , lemon peel, liquorice , juniper berries , orris root , angelica , coriander , Cinnamomum aromaticum cassia , cubeb , and Aframomum melegueta grains of paradise . The spirit is triple distilled using a carterhead still, and the alcohol vapours are passed through a mesh basket containing the ten botanicals, in order to gain flavour and aroma. This gives a lighter, more floral gin rather than the more common punchy gins that are distilled using a copper pot still . Water from Lake Vyrnwy is added to bring the strength of Bombay Sapphire down to 40.0 UK, Australia . In 2011 it was announced that the company is planning to move the distillation process to a new facility in Laverstoke , Hampshire . The plans include the restoration of the former De La Rue Portal s paper mill , and the construction of a visitor centre. ref http www.andoveradvertiser.co.uk news 9025413.Gin firm s tonic for historic mill ref In Febr ... more details
Infobox Former Country native name Kesultanan Banjar conventional long name Sultanate of Banjar common name Banjar continent Asia region Southeast Asia status Sultanate government type Sultanate event start year start 1526 event end year end 1860 p1 Negara Daha flag p1 s1 Dutch East Indies flag s1 Flag of the Netherlands.svg image flag image map Locator kota banjarmasin.png image map caption Location of the capital of Banjar Sultanate capital Banjarmasin , Pemakuan, Tambangan, Martapura , Kayu Tangi common languages Banjar language Banjar Citation needed date November 2007 religion Sunni Islam of Shafi i currency title leader Sultan leader1 Sultan Suriansyah year leader1 1526 1550 leader2 Sultan Muhammad Seman year leader2 1862 1905 stat year1 stat area1 stat pop1 today flag Indonesia Sultanate of Banjar was a sultan ate located in what is today the South Kalimantan Province of Indonesia . For most of its history, its capital was at Banjarmasin . History The founder of the sultanate, Raden Samudra, was of royal lineage of the Kingdom of Negara Daha . He escaped from Kingdom of Daha to the Barito River area, because his safety was in danger, and established a new kingdom at Banjarmasin. With help from Mangkubumi Aria Taranggana, Raden Samudra converted to Islam on September 24, 1526, changing his name to Sultan Suriansyah. Banjar at first paid tribute to the Sultanate of Demak . That state met its demise in the mid 16th century, however, and Banjar was not required to send tribute to new powr in Java , the Kingdom of Pajang Sultanate of Pajang . Banjar rose in the first decades of the 17th century as a producer and trader of cubeb pepper . Soon, virtually all of the southwest, southeast, and eastern areas of Kalimantan island were paying tribute to the sultanate. Sultan Agung of Mataram Sultanate Mataram 1613 1646 , who ruled north Java coastal ports such as Jepara , Gresik , Tuban , Madura and Surabaya , planned to colonize the Banjar dominated areas of Kalimantan i ... more details
File Adiaen van Utrecht A Still Life with Games and Vegetables.jpg thumb 300px right A still life by Adriaen van Utrecht 1599 1652 showing some of the types of game used in traditional cookery. Note the variety of small birds. Game pie is a form of meat pie featuring Game food game . The dish dates from Roman times when the main ingredients were wild birds and animals such as partridge , pheasant , deer , and hare . The pies reached their most elaborate form in Victorian England , with complex recipes and specialized mould s and serving dishes. Modern versions are simpler but savory combinations of rabbit , venison , pigeon , pheasant, and other commercially available game. ref Mark Hix http www.independent.co.uk life style food and drink recipes game pie 516603.html Game pie Serves 4 6 26 November 2005 Independent ref Early history Game pies were consumed by the wealthy in the days of the Roman empire . Wilhelm Adolf Becker states that the emperor Augustus consumed pies that contained chicken, pheasants, pigeon, and duck. ref cite book title Gallus or, Roman scenes of the time of Augustus. With notes and excursuses illustrative of the manners and customs of the Romans author Frederick Metcalfeby translator Frederick Metcalfe publisher Longmans, Green year 1888 page 462 ref In the Middle Ages , bake mete ref cite web url http www.godecookery.com mtrans mtrans24.htm title Medieval Recipe Translations A bake Mete Ryalle year 1888 publisher The Early English Text Society by N. Tr bner & Co. accessdate 2011 03 28 quote A Royal Pie. Take and make little pie shells, & take Chicken boiled or Pork boiled or them both take Cloves, Mace, Cubeb, & hack all together, & mix it with crumbled marrow, & add just the right amount of Sugar then place it a pie shell, & in the middle place a piece of marrow, & all over some Sugar, and let it bake & this is for a supper. ref described a pie in which meat or fish is baked with fruit, spices, etc. The meats and sauces were placed in a tou ... more details
from the 16th century seeking to monopolise the sources of valuable nutmeg , cloves , and cubebcubeb pepper in Maluku Islands Maluku . In 1602 the Dutch established the Dutch East India Company ... more details
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