Culturaltransmission in animals refers to the way in which a group of animals within a society or culture tends to transmit information and novel behaviour within itself through social behaviour. This does not necessarily occur between separate groups of the same species. Various animals learn from other members of its group. For example, wolves in a pack learn various hunting strategies from one another. Birds are also known to learn from one another. Dolphins pass knowledge on tool use to one another. ref cite journal author Kr tzen M, Mann J, Heithaus MR, Connor RC, Bejder L, Sherwin WB title Culturaltransmission of tool use in bottlenose dolphins journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 102 issue 25 pages 8939 43 year 2005 month June pmid 15947077 pmc 1157020 doi 10.1073 pnas.0500232102 url http www.pnas.org content 102 25 8939.full ref Richard Dawkins has suggested the concept of a meme , which is a unit of culturaltransmission . Individuals acquire memes through imitating what they observe around them. ref name holdcroft Holdcroft, David, and Harry Lewis. Memes, Minds, and Evolution . Philosophy 75.292 2000 161 182. ref The Webster s dictionary definition of culture, transmission ... nose dolphins to obtain food provide support for the idea of cetacean culturaltransmission ... resulted from a combination of ecology and culturaltransmission, as the rats could not figure out how ... L. Cultural Evolution . American Zoologist 26.3 1986 845 855 ref Learned activities have been exhibited ... what became known as social learning in attempting to explain the transmission of an adaptive ... of which include imitation, teaching, and language. Imitation is one of the most prevalent modes of culturaltransmission in non human animals, while teaching and language are much less widespread. Culturaltransmission is a means of passing on behavioral traits. ref Bonner, John Tyler 1980 The Evolution ... behaviors to be learned by many organisms quickly. Research into the transmission of culture in animals ... more details
Wiktionary The term quantitative refers to a type of information based in quantity quantities or else quantifiable data objectivity science objective properties &mdash as opposed to Qualitative disambiguation qualitative information which deals with apparent wikt quality qualities subjective properties . It may also refer to mass, time, or productivity. Quantitative research , scientific investigation of quantitative properties Meter poetry Quantitative verse , a metrical system in poetry Statistics , also known as quantitative analysis Numerical data , also known as quantitative data See also Quantity Quantification Quality philosophy Qualitative disambiguation disambig tr Kantitatif anlam ayr m ... more details
wiktionary approachApproach may refer to Approach cricket Hit on Instrument approachApproach album Approach album , an album by Von Hertzen Brothers The Approach , an album by I Scintilla See also Capability approach Final approach disambiguation disambiguation ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name The Approach Type studio Artist I Scintilla Cover The Approach.jpeg Released July, 2004 Recorded Genre Industrial rock Industrial Length 40 57 Label Positron Records Producer Jim Cookas Last album This album The Approach br 2004 Next album Optics album Optics br 2007 The Approach is the debut album of the Illinois based industrial band, I Scintilla . Track listing Intro 1 32 Imitation 4 21 Logic Lack Thereof 0 17 Capsella Bursa Pastoris 5 24 Fidelidad Estrogen Mix 4 19 Scin 4 33 Translate 5 08 Havestar 4 35 The Intruder, Part IV 3 12 The Bells 7 36 DEFAULTSORT Approach, The Category I Scintilla albums Category 2004 debut albums 2000s electronic album stub hu The Approach pl The Approach ru The Approach ... more details
History of geography sidebar In the history of geography , the quantitative revolution QR or Quantitative ... three being environmental determinism , regional geography and critical geography . The quantitative ... geographical research, from regional geography into a spatial science . ref name UA The Quantitative ... gg3012 qrev.html AB12 . ref The main claim for the quantitative revolution is that it led to a shift from a descriptive idiographic geography to an empirical law making nomothetic geography. Note The quantitative ... are evidence for a given time and place. A more abstract, theoretical approach to geographical ... set of closely defined events embodied in a wide range of natural and cultural settings. Generalizations ... is judged on its scientific fit and its validity. Adoption of the analytical approach had helped ... new methods to counter critique. Under the somewhat misleading banner of the scientific method , the quantitative revolution began. The Revolution The Quantitative Revolution began in the universities .... First emerging in the late 1950s and early 1960s, the Quantitative Revolution responded to the rising ..., the quantitative revolution led to an increased use of computerized statistics statistical ... 2010 Some of the techniques that epitomize the quantitative revolution include ref name UA Descriptive ... work had a superior scientific pedigree. ref name UA Proponents of quantitative geography ... contribution of the quantitative revolution was the huge faith placed in multivariate analysis ..., be the undoing of the quantitative revolution. Many geographers became increasingly concerned that these techniques simply put a highly sophisticated technical gloss on an approach to study ... dawned, the quantitative revolution came under direct challenge. ref name UA Post revolution Geography The greatest impact of the quantitative revolution was not the revolution itself but the effects ... of spatial statistics and modelling within geography. Eventually the quantitative revolution had its ... more details
cleanup date May 2009 Quantitative Pharmacology QP is an organized approach integrating individuals from different disciplines in a combined effort to develop quantitative model s in order to solve specific, complex, and multivariate problems in drug development . QP translates the relationship s between disease , drug action , and individual variability into improved patient outcomes by leveraging improved teamwork and collaboration to enable quantitative decision making processes from Drug discovery early discovery to late stage development. QP encourages more transparent and objective study designs, as well as more data driven risk taking to optimize timelines, analyses, and decision making, resulting in greater efficiency in the drug development process. Benefits Incorporation of QP methodologies will help gain a better understanding of the mechanism of drug disease interactions and identify molecular targets with high probability of impacting disease e.g., use of proteomics and cheminformatics in the development of drug disease models select the ideal drug candidate in early drug development e.g., integrated and mechanistic Pharmacokinetics PK Pharmacodynamics PD models optimize ... Jr, Lalonde RL. Introduction of quantitative methods in pharmacology and clinical pharmacology a historical ... JS. The role of quantitative pharmacology in an academic translational research environment. AAPS ... MJ, Sun RY. Globalization of quantitative pharmacology first international symposium of quantitative ... 2008 May 19. PMID 18490494 Holford N, Karlsson MO. Time for quantitative clinical pharmacology a proposal ... 17495873 Krishna R. Quantitative clinical pharmacology Making paradigm shifts a reality. J Clin ... of quantitative pharmacology in the development of HAE1, a high affinity anti IgE monoclonal antibody ... B. Concepts and Challenges in Quantitative Pharmacology and Model Based Drug Development. AAPS J. 2008 ... SR. Model based drug development the road to quantitative pharmacology. J Pharmacokinet ... more details
the recognition that quantitative valuation methods were generally too narrow in their approach ...about analysts in finance analysts in chemistry Quantitative analysis chemistry A quantitative analyst is a person who works in finance using numerical or quantitative techniques. Similar work is done in most other modern industries, but the work is not always called quantitative analysis. In the investment industry, people who perform quantitative analysis are frequently called quants. See List of quantitative analysts . Although the original quantitative analysts were concerned with investment .... History Image Robert C. Merton.jpg thumb Robert C. Merton , a pioneer of quantitative analysis, introduced stochastic calculus into the study of finance. Quantitative finance started in the U.S. in the 1970s .... Education Quantitative analysts often come from physics, engineering, or mathematics backgrounds rather than economics related fields, and quantitative analysis is a major source of employment for people with physics and mathematics Ph.D s. Typically, a quantitative analyst will also need extensive ... Java . This demand for quantitative analysts has led to the resurgence in demand for actuarial qualifications ... are becoming more popular with students and with employers. See Master of Quantitative Finance Master of Financial Economics . Types of quantitative analyst Unreferenced section date June 2010 Front office quantitative analyst In trading and sales operations, quantitative analysts work to determine ... from trading but the boundary between a desk quantitative analyst and a quantitative trader is increasingly blurred, and it is now difficult to enter trading as a profession without at least some quantitative ... tools is not uncommon. Quantitative investment management Quantitative analysis is used extensively by asset managers. Some, such as AQR or Barclays, rely almost exclusively on quantitative strategies while others, such as Pimco, Blackrock or Citadel use a mix of quantitative and fundamental methods ... more details
wiktionary wiktionarypar transmit Transmission is the act of passing something on in another place. Specifically, it may refer to Transmission mechanics , a gear system transmitting mechanical power, as in a car Transmission telecommunications , the act of transmitting messages over distances Transmission medicine , the passing of a disease Share transmission , ownership change through other than transfer Transmission magazine Transmission magazine , a literary magazine based in the UK Transmission coefficient , in physics, chemistry, and optics Transmission TV series Transmission TV series , a British music television programme shown in the UK Electric power transmission , one process in the delivery of electricity to consumers Transmission tower , providing support for overhead power lines Transmission line , for the carriage of radio frequency signals Data transmission , the conveyance of information from one space to another Dharma transmission , the formal confirmation of a student s awakening in Zen Buddhism Transmission genetics , is the passing on of genetic information Software Transmission BitTorrent client , a free, open source and cross platform BitTorrent protocol BitTorrent client application. Music Transmission album Transmission album , the fourth album by the Canadian band The Tea Party Transmission band , an experimental post rock band based in the United Kingdom Transmission record label a record label set by British rock band Porcupine Tree Transmission song Transmission song , a song by post punk band Joy Division Transmissions album Transmissions album , the first album by trance musicians Juno Reactor Transmissions Cold War Kids EP Transmissions Cold War Kids EP , an album by indie rock band Cold War Kids Transmission Communications , a record label ... a medium Transmissivity in hydraulics disambig bg de Transmission es Transmisi n fr Transmission ... ru sv Transmission tl Transmisyon ... more details
Quantitative analysis may refer to Quantitative analysis finance , an analysis technique applying mathematics stochastic calculus to finance Quantitative analysis chemistry , in analytical chemistry, the measurements of quantities of substances produced in reactions rather than simply noting the nature of the reactions Quantitative analysis may also be Statistics and statistical analysis techniques rather than the use of mathematical material in social science Quantitative analysis of behavior Mathematical psychology disambig ca An lisi quantitativa es An lisis cuantitativo fr Analyse quantitative it Analisi quantitativa ... more details
Quantitative History is an approach to history historical research that makes use of Quantitative research quantitative , statistical and computer tools. It is considered a branch of social science history and has three leading journals Historical Methods 1967 , ref http www.heldref.org hm.php Historical Methods online ref Social Science History 1976 , ref http ssh.dukejournals.org Social Science History online ref and the Journal of Interdisciplinary History 1968 . ref http muse.jhu.edu journals jih Journal of Interdisciplinary History online ref Data bases social and political Quantitative historians start with data bases. Large quantities of economic and demographic data are available in print format. The quantifiers held move these into computerized data bases. The largest repository is the Inter ..., and Robert William Fogel, eds. The Dimensions of Quantitative Research in History Princeton University ..., Holt, 1971 Krieger 1973 detailed textbook of quantitative political and social history with bibliography ... Press, 1983 . Debate over merits. Haskins, Loren and Kirk Jeffrey. Understanding Quantitative ... Pat Hudson Hudson, Pat . History by Numbers An Introduction to Quantitative Approaches Arnold, 2000 ... A. Hardy, Quantitative Methods for Historians A Guide to Research, Data, and Statistics University of North Carolina Press, 1991 . textbook Kousser, J.M., History QUASSHed quantitative social scientific ..., ed. The Dimensions of the Past Materials, Problems and Opportunities for Quantitative Work in History, Yale UP 1972 Kimberly A. Neuendorf. The Content Analysis Guidebook 2002 Rowney, D.K., ed. Quantitative History Selected Readings in the Quantitative Analysis of Historical Data, 1969 Swierenga, Robert ... of Michigan http visualstatistics.net East West Quantitative 20History QuantitativeHisttory.htm Quantitative History Category Fields of history Category Theories of history Category Social sciences methodology Category Quantitative research es Historia cuantitativa fr Histoire quantitative ... more details
The aim of quantitative proteomics is to obtain quantitative information about all protein s in a sample. ref cite journal author Ong SE, Mann M year 2005 title Mass spectrometry based proteomics turns quantitative journal Nature Chemical Biology volume 1 pages 252 262 pmid 16408053 url http www.nature.com nchembio journal v1 n5 abs nchembio736.html doi 10.1038 nchembio736 issue 5 ref ref name pmid17668192 cite journal author Bantscheff M, Schirle M, Sweetman G, Rick J, Kuster B title Quantitative mass spectrometry in proteomics a critical review journal Anal Bioanal Chem volume 389 issue 4 pages 1017 31 year 2007 month October pmid 17668192 doi 10.1007 s00216 007 1486 6 url ref Rather than just providing lists of proteins identified in a certain sample, quantitative proteomics yields information about differences between samples. For example, this approach can be used to compare samples from healthy and diseased patients. The methods for protein identification are identical to those used in general i.e. qualitative proteomics , but include quantification as an additional dimension. Discovery vs. targeted proteomics Strategies to improve the sensitivity and scope of proteomic analysis often require large sample quantities and multi dimensional fractionation, which sacrifices throughput. Alternatively, efforts to improve the sensitivity and throughput of protein quantification limit ... quantitative proteomics Mass spectrometry is not inherently quantitative because of differences in the ionization ... reflect relative differences in its abundance. One approach for relative quantitation is to separately ... relative to another, as in Label free quantification label free quantitation strategies . An approach ... scale mass spectrometry based quantitative proteomics journal Mol Cell Proteomics year 2007 volume ... http www.piercenet.com browse.cfm?fldID 754E41C1 8B46 444E AEE8 E33E5D37A1DE Additional quantitative proteomics information and figures Quantitative proteomics bioinformatics stub Category Mass spectrometry ... more details
pp semi small yes Public finance Quantitative easing QE is an unconventional ref cite news url http www.economist.com ... target value. A central bank implements quantitative easing by purchasing financial assets from ... name BOE QE Explained pdf cite book title Quantitative Easing Explained year 2011 publisher Bank of England ... title Quantitative Easing url http www.bankofengland.co.uk publications quarterlybulletin qb090201.pdf ... of central bank money ref ref name bbcnews ref name BOE QE Explained web cite web title Quantitative ... news title Guardian Business Glossary Quantitative Easing url http www.guardian.co.uk business 2008 ... zero , normal monetary policy can no longer lower interest rates. Quantitative easing may then be used ... out on the yield curve . ref name Q&A Quantitative easing cite web url http www.frbsf.org education ... 4 April 2011 ref Quantitative easing can be used to help ensure inflation does not fall below ... 05 news economy Fed quantitative easing index.htm first Chris last Isidore publisher CNNMoney.com title Federal Reserve move toward quantitative easing poses risks date 5 Oct 2010 accessdate 25 Jun 2011 ... bank may perform quantitative easing by purchasing a pre determined amount of bonds or other ... news title Q&A Quantitative easing date 9 March 2009 url http news.bbc.co.uk 1 hi business 7924506.stm ... ?id 1862 title Quantitative easing uncharted waters for monetary policy first James last Bullard ... cite news title Quantitative easing A therapy of last resort url http www.nytimes.com 2009 01 11 business ... 2010 date 1 January 2009 ref ref cite news title Quantitative easing last resort to get credit moving again url http www.guardian.co.uk business 2009 jan 29 question and answer quantitative easing publisher ... London ref Quantitative easing, and monetary policy in general, can only be carried out if the central ... unilaterally expand their money supply, and thus cannot employ quantitative easing. They must ... In Japan The original Japanese expression for quantitative easing , ry teki kin y kanwa ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2007 Infobox musical artist image Thistransmission2006.jpg name This Transmission landscape yes background group or band alias origin flagicon USA St. Petersburg, FL St. Petersburg , Florida genre Indie rock br Punk Pop br Post hardcore years active 2003 &mdash Present label Standstill Records associated acts website http www.myspace.com thistransmission This Transmission current members Blake Daniels 2003&ndash br Ryan Shuck 2003&ndash br Brad Daniels 2006&ndash br Toly Chichov 2006&ndash br Kyle McCormick 2007&ndash br Nick Hughes 2007&ndash br Mandy Millot 2007&ndash This Transmission was an indie rock band from St. Petersburg, FL . Signed to Standstill Records . The band played with acts such as Moros Eros , Young Love band Young Love , and Evergreen Terrace. They were recording their first full length studio album album , entitled Tiny Abrasions at the time of their break up. It was not finished, however the band has now published the unfinished tracks on their MySpace page. Discography EPs Latitude, Longitude , 2005 Standstill Records Tour de Force This Transmission album Tour de Force , 2006 Standstill Records LPs Tiny Abrasions , 2007 unfinished Standstill Records External links http www.myspace.com thistransmission This Transmission MySpace http www.thistransmissionband.com Official Website Category Musical groups established in 2003 Category American post hardcore musical groups US band stub ... more details
Quantitative ecology is the application of advanced mathematical and statistics statistical tools to any number of problems in the field of ecology . It is a small but growing subfield in ecology, reflecting the demand among practicing ecologists to interpret ever larger and more complex data sets using quantitative reasoning. Quantitative ecologists might apply some combination of deterministic or stochastic mathematical models to theoretical questions or they might use sophisticated methods in applied statistics for experimental design and hypothesis testing . Typical problems in quantitative ecology include estimating the dynamics and status of wild populations, modeling the impacts of anthropogenic or climatic change on ecological communities, and predicting the spread of invasive species or disease outbreaks. Quantitative ecology, which mainly focuses on statistical and computational methods for addressing applied problems, is distinct from theoretical ecology which tends to explore focus on understanding the dynamics of simple mechanistic models and their implications for a general set of biological systems using mathematical arguments. Selected bibliography Hilborn, R. and M. Mangel. 1997. The Ecological Detective Confronting Models with Data . Princeton University Press. Mangel, M. 2006. The Theoretical Biologist s Toolbox. Quantitative Methods for Ecology and Evolutionary Biology . Cambridge University Press. Poole, R. 1974. Introduction to Quantitative Ecology . McGraw Hill. Schneider, D. 1994, 2009. Quantitative Ecology Spatial and Temporal Scaling . Academic Press. Turner, M. and R. Gardner eds . 1991. Quantitative methods in landscape ecology . Springer. See also Taylor s law Theoretical ecology http www.washington.edu depts qerm Quantitative Ecology and Resource Management at the University of Washington, Seattle http www.huck.psu.edu education ecology degree requirements options quantitative ecology Quantitative Ecology at Penn State University Category ... more details
. A quantitativeapproach to parasitism. Parasitology, 62, 179 193. http www.zoologia.hu list quant ...Image Quantitative parasitology 1.JPG thumb 275 px Intensity histograms are helpful to get a first impression about the differences of infection between 2 or more samples. Horizontal axis infection classes, vertical axis the number of host individuals belonging to each class. Counting parasites Quantifying parasites in a sample of hosts or comparing measures of infection across two or more samples can be challenging. The parasitic infection of a sample of hosts inherently exhibits a complex pattern that cannot be adequately quantified by a single statistical measure. As the use of two or more separate indices is advisable, only two or more separate statistical tests can reliably compare infections different samples of hosts. A few of the available statistical measures have markedly different biological interpretations, while others have more or less overlapping interpretations or no interpretations at all. Therefore, one should apply measures that have clear and separate biological interpretations thus do not predict each other. Parasite individuals typically exhibit an skewness aggregated right skewed distribution among host individuals most hosts harbour few if any parasites and a few hosts harbour many of them. This quantitative feature of parasitism renders many of traditional statistical methods obsolete and requires the use of advanced computer intensive statistical methods. How to describe the parasitic infection of a sample of hosts Image Quantitative parasitology 2.JPG thumb 275 px Statistical procedures to characterize the infection infestation of a sample of hosts ... burdens across two or more samples Image Quantitative parasitology 2.JPG thumb 275 px Statistical ... to quantitative parasitology. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 13, 152 158. a population ... http www.zoologia.hu qp qp.html Quantitative Parasitology 3.0, a free statistical toolset for parasitologists ... more details
Psychology sidebar The American Psychological Association defines Quantitative Psychology as the study of methods and techniques for the measurement of human attributes, the statistical and mathematical modeling of psychological processes, the design of research studies, and the analysis of psychological data . ref http www.apa.org research tools quantitative index.aspx ref Research in quantitative psychology develops psychological theory in relation to mathematics and statistics. Psychological research requires the elaboration of existing methods and the development of new concepts, so that quantitative psychology requires more than applications of statistics and mathematics. ref http www.apa.org research tools quantitative index.aspx ref Quantitative psychology has two major subfields, psychometrics and mathematical psychology . Research in psychometrics develops methods of practice and analysis of psychological measurement, for example, developing a questionnaire to test memory and methods of analyzing data from that questionnaire ref http en.wikipedia.org wiki Psychometrics Psychometrics ref . Research in mathematical psychology develops of novel mathematical models that describe ... ref Quantitative psychology is served by several scientific organizations. These include the Psychometric ... Modeling and Psychological Methods . In August 2005, the APA expressed the need for more quantitative psychologists in the industry for every PhD awarded in the subject, there were about 2.5 quantitative psychologist position openings. ref http www.apa.org research tools quantitative quant task force report.pdf Report of the Task Force for Increasing the Number of Quantitative Psychologists ... universities offer Ph.D. programs in quantitative psychology within their psychology departments ... . ref http www.apa.org research tools quantitative index.aspx review Introduction to Quantitative Psychology ... a comparable number of Master level programs in quantitative psychology in the US. ref http www.apa.org ... more details
industry, the total mutual fund asset that employ quantitative model is estimated to be over 400 billion US dollars 1 at the end of this June. What is the quantitative investment process A study of Fabozzi, Focardi and Jonas 2008 3 firstly identified an investment process as fundamental or Quantitative ... done by computer based models, the process can be classified as Quantitative . There is also ... combines both ways. Quantitative mutual fund versus hedged quant fund Another concept that might make people confused is that quantitative funds can be operated as a Hedge fund as well as a normal ... risk managements. On operating a quantitative fund For quantitative funds we are considering now ... finance not man machine 3 Challenges in Quantitative Equity Management, Frank J. Fabozzi ... more details
Merge Quantitative analyst date May 2009 Refimprove date March 2009 Quantitative investing represents an investing technique typically employed by the most sophisticated, technically advanced hedge funds . These quant shops employ fast computers to find predictable patterns within financial data. Some of the larger quant shops include but are not limited to Renaissance Technologies Medallion Fund, D. E. Shaw & Co. , Barclay s Global Investments now known as Blackrock , Numerics , GMO, First Quadrant, Robeco , etc. Typically, quant investing is implemented by people who have spent time in the physics, math, computer science, or statistics disciplines. The condensed results of quantitative analyses, however, can be readily accessible to all far from quantitative investors, when presented in an intuitive framework. The process consists of thorough examination of vast databases searching for repeating patterns persistent occurrences of a phenomenon, correlations among liquid assets statistical arbitrage or pairs trading , or price movement patterns trend following or mean reversion . finance stub Category Investment Category Mathematical finance ... more details
Refimprove date February 2012 In CAD CAM, quantitative invisibility QI is the number of solid bodies that obscure a point in space as projected onto a Plane geometry plane . Often, CAD engineers project a model into a plane a 2D drawing in order to denote edges that are visible with a solid line, and those that are hidden with dashed or dimmed lines. Algorithm Tracking the number of obscuring bodies gave rise to an algorithm that propagates the quantitative invisibility throughout the model. This technique uses edge coherence to speed calculations in the algorithm. However, QI really only works well when bodies are larger solids, non interpenetrating, and not transparent. A technique like this falls apart when applied to soft organic tissue as found in the human body, because there is not always a clear delineation of structures. Also, when images become too cluttered and intertwined, the contribution of this algorithm is marginal. Arthur Appel of the graphics group at Thomas J. Watson Research Center IBM Watson Research coined the term quantitative invisibility and used it in several of his papers. External links http wheger.tripod.com vhl vhl.htm Vector Hidden Line Removal and Fractional Quantitative Invisibility References refbegin Appel, A., The Notion of Quantitative Invisibility and the Machine Rendering of Solids, Proceedings ACM National Conference, Thompson Books, Washington, DC, 1967, pp. 387 393, pp. 214 220. refend Category 3D computer graphics ... more details
, quantitative research refers to the systematic empirical investigation of social phenomena via statistical ... location Los Angeles, Calif. isbn 1412941636 ref The objective of quantitative research is to develop ... of measurement is central to quantitative research because it provides the fundamental connection between empirical observation and mathematical expression of quantitative relationships. Quantitative ... 2008 In layman s terms, this means that the quantitative researcher asks a specific, narrow question .... Quantitative research is used widely in social sciences such as psychology , economics , sociology ... sciences such as physics is also quantitative by definition, though this use of the term differs ... are only hypotheses. Quantitative methods can be used to verify which of such hypotheses are true ... between 1935 and 2005 found that roughly two thirds of these articles used quantitative methods ... Factors . American Sociologist 39 290 306 ref Overview Quantitative research is generally ... In the social sciences particularly, quantitative research is often contrasted with qualitative ... and entities, in a manner that does not involve mathematical models. Approaches to quantitative psychology were first modeled on quantitative approaches in the physical sciences by Gustav Fechner ... is commonly drawn between qualitative and quantitative aspects of scientific investigation ... of phenomena and to form theories that can be tested using further quantitative research. For instance ... this person group say something and what did it mean to them? Kieron Yeoman . Although quantitative ... been counted, the modern idea of quantitative processes have their roots in Auguste Comte s positivist ... in quantitative research outside of the physical sciences, and also finds applications within the physical ... fields such as economics, social sciences and biology. Quantitative research using statistical ... . A fundamental principle in quantitative research is that correlation does not imply causation ... more details
mergeto Quantity date July 2009 Image Roberval.jpg thumb 300px right A scale for measuring mass A quantitative property is one that exists in a range of magnitudes, and can therefore be measurement measured with a number. Measurements of any particular quantitative property are expressed as a specific quantity, referred to as a Unit of measurement unit , multiplied by a number. Examples of physical quantities are distance , mass , and time . Many attributes in the social sciences, including abilities and personality traits, are also studied as quantitative properties and principles . Fundamental considerations in quantitative research Numbers obtained through an experimental procedure are considered measurements depends upon how measurement is defined. The nature of measurement depends upon the structure of a continuous quantity and the particular test method . The reason for this is that such theories and laws display a multiplicative structure for example Newton s second law . fact date March 2011 Continuous quantities are those for which magnitudes can be represented as real numbers and for which, therefore, measurements can be expressed on a continuum mathematics continuum . Continuous quantities may be scalar physics scalar or vector geometric vector quantities. For example, SI units are physical units of continuous quantitative properties, phenomena, and relations such as distance ..., imply that an attribute is quantitative. For example, judges routinely assign numbers ... quantitative structure in any sort of rigorous fashion. A researcher might also use the number 1 to mean ... numbers. A person s name is not, therefore, a quantitative property. Whether counts of objects ... of an underlying quantitative attribute, such frequencies will generally indicate relative magnitudes ... Qualitative data Quantitative research Quantity Unit of measurement DEFAULTSORT Quantitative Property Category Physical quantities Category Measurement cs Veli ina da Kvantitativ fr Variable quantitative ... more details
Linguistics Quantitative linguistics is a sub discipline of general linguistics and, more specifically, of mathematical linguistics . Quantitative Linguistics QL deals with language learning, language change, and application as well as structure of natural languages. QL investigates languages using statistical ..., Rajmund G. Piotrowski Hrsg. Quantitative Linguistik Quantitative Linguistics. Ein internationales ... . In Reinhard K hler, Gabriel Altmann, Rajmund G. Piotrowski Hrsg. Quantitative Linguistik Quantitative Linguistics. Ein internationales Handbuch. de Gruyter, Berlin New York 2005, S. 760 774 ... to the History of Corpus and Quantitative Linguistics. Greek Antiquity. In Glottotheory 1, 2008, S. 48 54. ref Language laws in quantitative linguistics In QL, the concept of law is understood ... a sub discipline of Quantitative Study of Literature stylometrics . ref Alexander Mehler Eigenschaften ... Hrsg. Quantitative Linguistik Quantitative Linguistics. Ein internationales Handbuch. de Gruyter, Berlin New York 2005, p. 325 348, esp. Quantitative Stilistik , p. 339 340. ISBN 3 11 015578 8 Vivien ... Hrsg. Quantitative Linguistik Quantitative Linguistics. Ein internationales Handbuch . de Gruyter ... 1926 . The Founder of Japanese Quantitative Linguistics. In Glottometrics 10, 2005, p. 99 107. ref Augustus ... Gesetz ref L.A. Sherman Juhan Tuldava 1922 2003 ref Journal of Quantitative Linguistics 4 ... Hoffmann Bibliography of Quantitative Linguistics. Benjamins, Amsterdam Philadelphia 1995, ISBN 90 272 3751 4. Reinhard K hler, Gabriel Altmann, Gabriel, Rajmund G. Piotrowski eds. Quantitative Linguistik Quantitative Linguistics. Ein internationales Handbuch An International Handbook . de Gruyter, Berlin New York 2005, ISBN 3 11 015578 8. Notes reflist External links IQLA International Quantitative Linguistics Association http www.iqla.org Category Quantitative linguistics Category Quantitative research cs Kvantitativn lingvistika de Quantitative Linguistik nl Mathematische taalkunde ... more details
no footnotes date December 2011 Quantitative Electroencephalography QEEG is the use of digital signal analysis to extend the analysis of electroencephalography EEG . Though more modern approaches such as wavelet analysis exist, the most common analytic approach uses Fourier analysis. The analog signal comprising the microvoltage time series of the EEG is sampled digitally with analog to digital technology with sampling rates adequate to over sample the signal using the Nyquist principle of exceeding twice the highest frequency being detected . Modern EEG amplifiers use adequate sampling to resolve the EEG across the traditional medical band from DC to 70 or 100 Hz, using sample rates of 250 256, 500 512, to over 1000 samples per second, depending on the intended application. The Fourier decomposes the EEG time series into a voltage by frequency spectral graph commonly called the power spectrum , with power being the square of the EEG magnitude, and magnitude being the integral average of the amplitude of the EEG signal, measured from peak to peak , across the time sampled, or epoch. The epoch length determines the frequency resolution of the Fourier, with a 1 second epoch providing a 1 Hz resolution plus minus 0.5 Hz resolution , and a 4 second epoch providing Hz, or plus minus 0.125 Hz resolution. The assumptions of the Fourier include stationarity, or the persistence of the signal from the beginning of time to eternity, so EEG transients are not well described with the Fourier. The Fourier also assumes a stable state, so wake drowsiness transitions or other state changes are not described well with the Fourier. Never the less the Fourier remains the most common form of qEEG analysis. QEEG has been accepted by for clinical application in some areas, such as cerebro vascular disorders and epilepsy, though it remains yet to be accepted in other clinical areas, such as diagnosing mild traumatic brain injury or psychiatric disorders. The American Academy ... more details
Sound change Quantitative metathesis or transfer of quantity ref name general Herbert Weir Smyth Smyth , Greek Grammar , http www.ccel.org s smyth grammar html smyth 1b uni.htm 34 paragraph 34 on Christian Classics Ethereal Library CCEL transfer of quantity ref is a specific form of metathesis linguistics metathesis or transposition a sound change involving quantity or vowel length . By this process, two vowel s near each other one long, one short switch their lengths, so that the long one becomes short, and the short one becomes long. In theory, the definition includes both long short short long and short long long short, but Ancient Greek , which the term was originally created to describe, displays only the former, since the process is part of long vowel shortening. Greek In the Attic Greek Attic and Ionic Greek Ionic dialects of Greek, o and a often exchange length, becoming e and e . ref name general This quantitative metathesis is more accurately described as one form of long vowel shortening. Usually if quantitative metathesis affects a word, other kinds of shortening do as well, in the forms where quantitative metathesis cannot occur wo e quantitative metathesis ws ews shortening of long diphthong before consonant i ei analogical shortening In general, the vowels affected by this shortening were separated by the Proto Indo European language Proto Indo European semivowel semivocalic versions of u or i , usually deletion phonology deleted in later Greek w written ... in the masculine first declension sometimes undergoes quantitative metathesis ref Smyth, http ..., oi of the ending to , i . Sometimes this is quantitative metathesis ref name attic declension Smyth ... meter poetry Greek and Latin meter . Some forms exemplify the quantitative metathesis type of shortening ..., no quantitative metathesis occurs ref name shortening unicode basil n basil n ... vowel shortening, and quantitative metathesis in the oblique case oblique forms ref name general ... more details
cleanup date November 2010 No footnotes date July 2010 Genetics2 Quantitative genetics is the study of continuously measured traits such as height or weight and their mechanisms. It can be an extension of simple Mendelian inheritance in that the combined effects of one or more genes and the environments in which they are expressed give rise to Continuous probability distribution continuous distributions of phenotypic values. History The field was founded, in evolution ary terms, by the originators of the Modern evolutionary synthesis modern synthesis , Ronald Fisher R.A. Fisher , Sewall Wright and J. B. S. Haldane , and aimed to predict the response to selection given data on the phenotype and relationships of individuals. Analysis of quantitative Trait Locus Quantitative Trait Loci , or QTL, is a more recent addition to the study of quantitative genetics. A QTL is a region in the genome that affects the trait or traits of interest. Quantitative trait loci approaches require accurate phenotypic, pedigree and genotypic data from a large number of individuals. Basic principles Disputed ... epistasis . The founder of Quantitative Genetics Sir Ronald Fisher perceived all of this when he ... distance Heritability Population genetics , built on some of the same principles as quantitative genetics ... . Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. Fourth edition. Addison Wesley Longman, Harlow, Essex, UK. Roff DA 1997 . Evolutionary Quantitative Genetics. Chapman & Hall, New York. Lynch M & Walsh B 1998 . Genetics and Analysis of Quantitative Traits. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA. Gordon I.L. 2003 . Refinements .... Annals of Eugenics 15 323 354. External links http nitro.biosci.arizona.edu zbook book.html Quantitative ... Walsh , including the two volumes of their textbook, Genetics and Analysis of Quantitative Traits and Evolution and Selection of Quantitative Traits . http www.evolution textbook.org content free figures ... Genetics de Quantitative Genetik id Genetika kuantitatif he sv Kvantitativ ... more details
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