Customaryland is land which is owned by Indigenous peoples Indigenous communities and administered in accordance with their customs , as opposed to statutory tenure usually introduced during the colonial periods. Common ownership is one form of customaryland ownership. In most countries of the Pacific islands customaryland remains the dominant land tenure form. Distinct customary systems of tenure have evolved on different islands and areas within the Pacific region. In any country there may be many different types of customary tenure. ref http www.ausaid.gov.au publications pdf MLW VolumeOne Bookmarked.pdf AusAID Making Land Work Reconciling customaryland and development in the Pacific , Canberra 2008 , retrieved 2009 09 07 ref The amount of customaryland ownership out of the total land area of a country is 97 in Papua New Guinea , 90 in Vanuatu , 88 in Fiji , 87 in the Solomon Islands , 81 in Samoa . References references Category Property law Category Real property law realestate stub id Tanah ulayat ... more details
The LandTitle and Survey Authority of British Columbia LTSA is a publicly accountable, statutory corporation which operates and administers the landtitle and survey systems in British Columbia , Canada . The LTSA delivers secure land titles through timely, efficient registration of landtitle interests and survey records these services are an essential underpinning to BC s private property market and the civil justice system, and to BC s civic governance, taxation and Crown land management frameworks. The LTSA was established under the LandTitle and Survey Authority Act in January 2005 and provides for the registration of all real property ownership and land interests, and all private and Crown land surveys through two divisions LandTitle Division ensures the continued integrity of BC s Torrens title system for registering land titles. The LTSA s LandTitle Offices verify ownership every time a property is sold, mortgaged, or other interests are created. The LTSA s LandTitle Register is BC s official legal record of private property ownership and contains over 1.9 million active titles to land, and 2.1 million active charges or legal interests. Surveyor General Division maintains the quality of the land survey structure of the Province and issues Crown Grant documents that transfer Crown land into private ownership In addition to performing over the counter transactions, users can interface electronically with the LTSA The LTSA s Electronic Filing System EFS launched in 2004 enables authorized users lawyers , notaries public and land surveyors to electronically submit landtitle documents and survey plans for registration. The secure nature of EFS is derived in large part by digital signatures , also known as digital certificates , through a service offered by Juricert ... http www.bclaws.ca EPLibraries bclaws new document ID freeside 00 04066 01 LandTitle and Survey ... OnLine offers registered users the ability to perform title searches and obtain copies of documents ... more details
Infobox nrhp name LandTitle Building nrhp type nrhp image LandTitle Building.JPG caption location 1400 Chestnut St., Philadelphia , Pennsylvania lat degrees 39 lat minutes 57 lat seconds 2 lat direction N long degrees 75 long minutes 9 long seconds 52 long direction W coord display inline,title locmapin Pennsylvania built 1898 architect Daniel H. Burnham & Co. Daniel Burnham Daniel H. Burnham & Horace Trumbauer architecture Chicago, Classical Revival added December 15, 1978 area convert 0.2 acre governing body Private refnum 78002450 ref name nris NRISref 2009a ref The LandTitle Building and Annex is a historic early skyscraper located at 1400 Chestnut Street in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . It was built for the oldest title insurance company in the world, the LandTitle Bank and Trust Company. The two building complex, joined at the first floor, was built in two phases. The earlier, northern one of the building s two towers, erected in 1898 of 15 stories, was designed by Chicago based architect Daniel Burnham , who was an early pioneer in the development of tall buildings. The southern, 22 story, 331 ft tower, added in 1902, was also designed by Burnham in collaboration with Philadelphia architect Horace Trumbauer it was built on the site of the former Lafayette Hotel. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. References Portal Philadelphia Reflist External links http www.emporis.com application ?nav building&id 117899&lng 3 LandTitle & Trust Building at emporis.com http www.philadelphiabuildings.org pab app pj display.cfm 17284 LandTitle Building at Philadelphia Architects and Buildings http hdl.loc.gov loc.pnp hhh.pa0960 LandTitle Bank & Trust Company at the Historic American Buildings Survey http skyscraperpage.com cities ?buildingID 18736 LandTitle & Trust Block at SkyScraperPage.com National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania Category Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania ... more details
LandTitle Association, founded in 1907 The American LandTitle Association or ALTA , is a national trade association representing the interests of the abstract of title and title insurance industries. In addition to active members engaged in the title industry, associate members cover a wide ..., and financing. Overview The American LandTitle Association, founded in 1907, is the national trade association and voice of the abstract and title insurance industry. ALTA members search, review and insure land titles to protect home buyers and mortgage lenders who invest in real estate ... the Closing Process Giving explanation to the Closing Costs Real Estate Glossary LandTitle Institute http www.alta.org lti index.cfm The LandTitle Institute LTI is the educational subsidiary of the American LandTitle Association. LTI started with one correspondence course more than 30 years ... required to insure the title to the land and improvements to the high degree that a commercial development ... in delineating a clear scope of the land surveyor s services. A current title commitment ... as developed by a joint effort of the American LandTitle Association and the American Congress ... across the nation. Nearly all title insurance companies hold ALTA membership, in addition to abstracters and title agents. Nearly 3,000 title agents, abstracters, and title insurance companies are Active members, ranging from small, one county operations, to large national title insurers. Title ... of standardized forms for the terms and conditions of title insurance policies these forms are adopted by all major title insurers except where state law requires the issuance of different terms ... are located at 1828 L Street, NW Suite 705, Washington, D.C. 20036. Title Industry Consumer Initiative On September 18, 2007 ALTA launched The Title Industry Consumer Initiative, which details ... Office GAO in a report it issued in April 2007. The Title Industry Consumer Initiative includes ... more details
HISTORY OF TITLE INSURANCE IN THE UNITED STATES . Accessed 5 November 2008. ref Background Prior to the invention of title insurance buyers in real estate transactions bore sole responsibility for ensuring the validity of the landtitle held by the seller. If the title ... Bank and Trust Company to create the Trademens LandTitle Bank and Trust Company, the title insurance division was turned into a wholly owned subsidiary known as the LandTitle Insurance Company ... off the LandTitle Insurance Company to the Commonwealth Title Company. ref Wall Street Journal ... name as Commonwealth LandTitle Insurance Company through the merger with the LandTitle Insurance ...The Real Estate Title Insurance Company of Philadelphia was the world s first title insurance company ... scholar?hl en&lr &q info qhvJ0e3s8 8J scholar.google.com &output viewport&pg 1 What Is Title ... viewport&pg 1 Conflict Of Interest Attorney As Title Insurance Agent . Accessed 5 November 2008 ... Watson, the conveyancer , had discovered the lien prior to the sale but told Muirhead the title was clear ... for the incorporation of title insurance companies in The General Corporation Act passed an 1874. ref name what ref name history National Title Duluth, Inc. http www.nationaltitleduluth.com tradition.htm TITLE INSURANCE AN AMERICAN TRADITION . Accessed 5 November 2008 Act of 1874, April 29, P.L. ... on 28 March 1876 to incorporate the first title insurance company to address the issue. The new firm ... of The Real Estate Title Insurance Company of Philadelphia. Martha Morris, Joshua s aunt, purchased ... the company changed its name to The Real Estate Title Insurance and Trust Company of Philadelphia and in 1927 merged with the LandTitle and Trust Company founded in 1885 and the West End Trust Company to form The Real Estate LandTitle and Trust Company, which was shorted to LandTitle Bank and Trust Company in 1936. ref A History of the Real Estate Title Insurance and Trust Company of Philadelphia ... more details
no footnotes date December 2009 Infobox Company company name Westcor LandTitle Insurance Company company logo File Westcor Color Logo.jpg 250px Current Logo of Westcor LandTitle Insurance Company . company type Corporation Private company slogan Moving in the Right Direction foundation 1993 location Orlando, Florida Orlando , Florida key people Mary O Donnell President br Michael Schefstad Treasurer and CFO br Patricia W. Bower, General Counsel industry Financial Sector products Title insurance , Title Examination products, and Escrow Reconciliation services homepage http www.wltic.com Westcor LandTitle Insurance Company is a privately owned and funded title insurance underwriter dedicated to financial stability and growth through strategic agency alliances. The company currently holds an A unsurpassed financial stability rating with Demotech, Inc and is licensed in 39 states along with the District of Columbia. In 2004 the company s corporate headquarters was relocated from Las Vegas Valley Las Vegas, Nevada to Orlando, Florida when new president Mary O Donnell was hired to aggressively seek independent title agents in the state of Florida, which at the time had the second highest direct premiums written due to the housing boom. Westcor now has regional offices for servicing independent ... has a business model geared towards growing their business through independent title agency alliances as opposed to owning their agent operations. References Westcor LandTitle Insurance Company ... LandTitle Insurance Company http www.demotech.com 01 pages fsr company.aspx?id 50050&t 1 Expansion efforts position underwriter to aid surviving agents The Title Report News http www.thetitlereport.com ... . State licenses As of February 28th, 2011, Westcor is licensed to solicit title insurance in Alabama ... on independent title agencies unaffiliated with an underwriter and settlement service companies for the sale of its title insurance policies. The agent usually retains the majority of the title insurance ... more details
Not to be confused with customaryland . Customary freehold is in English law a species of Fee tenure which may be described as a variety of copyhold . It is also termed privileged copyhold or copyhold of frank tenure . It is a tenure by copy of court roll , but not expressed to be at the will of the lord. It is, in fact, only a superior kind of copyhold, and the Freehold English law freehold is in the lord. It is subject to the general law of copyholds, except where the law may be varied by the custom of the particular manor. update date November 2010 1911 See also Fee Fee simple Feu Feudalism Life estate Real estate Real property DEFAULTSORT Customary Freehold Category Real property law Category English legal terms Category English property law law term stub ... more details
Other uses Refimprove date October 2010 A title is a Prefix linguistics prefix or Suffix name suffix ... usage or clerical titles such as Archbishop . Some titles are hereditary title hereditary . Formal social titles Mr Formal male title Ms. Ms Formal female title Mrs Formal title for married females Miss Formal title for unmarried females dablink For titles adopted by individuals of no defined ... Science Dean Dean Emeritus Designer Dz Doctor title Doctor Doctor of Arts DA Doctor of Arts ... CSci EurChem Master Mariner HGR Rarely Used Title In The United Kingdom Master of Library and Information ... the title held by the pope, pope being the position President from which comes such titles as Deputy ... The biarchs of San Marino are titled Captains Regent . From this term also came the historical title ... Title often given to the sons and daughters of ruling monarchs. Also a title of the upper nobility .... The German term for this title is F rst which loosely translates as prince, the equivalent Russian term is knyaz . Archduke Archduchess An historical title of the Habsburg Dynasty that ruled Austria and Hungary until 1918 Baron Baron ess Grand Duke Grand Duchess . Historical title of the Romanov ... Supreme Leader . Sultan Sultana title Arabic for powerful ruler Maharajah Maharani Viscount Viscountess ... Unique only in Austria , Archduchy of Austria title used for member of the Habsburg dynasty Prince ... Prince of Wales is a title granted, following an investiture, to the eldest son of the Sovereign of the United ... sovereign barons no longer have a sovereign barony, but only the title and style Pope There is no formal feminine of Pope Popette sup Title Fictional and hypothetical titles for heads of state Note ... be claimed by former regnal dynasties. Appointed Caesar title Caesar an honorific family name passed ... Hereditary Basileus Caliph Khagan Khan title Khan King Emperor The feminine equivalent is Queen ... Africa List of rulers of Asante Asantehene The Ashanti Ashanti , title of the King of the The Ashanti ... more details
Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name The Title image caption image size background group or band alias origin Stoke on Trent , UK genre Independent music Indie br Blues years active 2004 present label Sons Ltd associated acts website current members past members The Title are a four piece Independent music indie band based in Stoke on Trent , signed with Sons Ltd . ref http www.bbc.co.uk stoke content articles 2008 02 01 thetitle insession 310108 feature.shtml The Title in session , BBC Stoke & Staffordshire, 2008 02 01. Retrieved on 2008 12 18. ref Their debut single, Slippin n Slidin , charted at 15 in the UK indie charts with the follow up, Madman charting at 5. Singles Slippin n Slidin June 21, 2007 SONS Records 15 UK Madman March 24, 2008 SONS Records 5 UK References Reflist External links http www.the title.co.uk The Title Official Website http www.myspace.com thetitleuk The Title Myspace http www.last.fm music The Title uk The Title Last.fm Category British indie rock groups Category Music in Stoke on Trent ... more details
orphan date December 2009 The Kostabi Show , formerly known as Title This, Name That Painting And Paint That Naming, is a television game show where art critics and celebrities compete to title paintings by Mark Kostabi for cash awards. Participants have included Ornette Coleman , Glen Matlock , Tommy Ramone , Lala Brooks , May Pang , Michel Gondry , Tony Middleton , Mark Bego , Randy Jones , Taylor Mead , Sylvia Miles , Ron Saint Germain , Gary Indiana , Nicole Eisenman, Walter Robinson, Lee Klein , and Victor Bockris . The Kostabi Show has also featured guest musical performances by Ornette Coleman, Glen Matlock, Uncle Monk , Randy Jones, Derek Storm, Tony Middleton, The Willowz , The She Wolves and Glint. From Lisa Paul Streitfeld s review in NY Arts of Thomas McEvilley s new book The Triumph of Anti Art Conceptual and Performance Art in the Formation of Postmodernism ...Mark Kostabi s cynical conceptual art performance piece on his Manhattan cable television show where he invites critics to title his non art objects which proclaim their sole importance in not being painted by the artist . Those who once had a crucial role as adversary are now participants in the celebrity obsessed shadow that has swallowed up authenticity in art . Kostabi has taken out a full page ad in Art Forum as proof of this public triumph of the inauthentic. Is this public undermining of the critical apparatus the logical conclusion of Anti Art? External links http www.thekostabishow.com The Kostabi Show Archives Online quicktime files of the game show for viewing. http kostabi.com Mark Kostabi Mark Kostabi s web site. Category American game shows ... more details
20Customary 20Laws proof aboriginal customary laws australian e title Recognition of Aboriginal Customary Laws ALRC Report 31 author Australian Law Reform Commission date 12 June 1986 chapter 24. The Proof of Aboriginal Customary Laws accessdate 30 May 2011 ref Historically, customary law has not been ... Aboriginal Customary Law Act 2004 NT , s.4. ref These moves have not been without controversy, especially in cases where customary law is either imprecise, or infringes upon human rights. ref cite news url http www.abc.net.au worldtoday content 2006 s1642802.htm title High Court rejects customary ...Customary law in Australia relates to the systems and practices amongst Australian Aborigines Aboriginal Australians which have developed over time from accepted moral norms in Aboriginal societies, and which regulate human behaviour, mandate specific sanctions for non compliance, and connect people with both each other and the land through a system of relationships. ref name lrcwa 2005 7 cite book url http www.lrc.justice.wa.gov.au 2publications reports ACL DP ACLoverview060206.pdf title Aboriginal Customary Laws Project 94 Discussion Paper Overview author Law Reform Commission of Western Australia publisher Quality Press page 7 month February year 2006 isbn 1 74035 056 1 ref Customary laws are passed on by word of mouth and are not codified nor can they be easily codified . In addition, they are not singular throughout Australia different language groups and clans have different concepts of customary law, and what applies within one group or region cannot be assumed to be universal. ref ... reports investigating the desirability of recognising the role of customary law in legal situations ... explicit reference to customary law where such is useful in identifying relationships or social expectations ... date 19 May 2006 accessdate 30 May 2010 ref See also Customary law in South Africa References reflist 1 Australia law stub IndigenousAustralia stub Use dmy dates date May 2011 Category Customary ... more details
South African customary law refers to that usually uncodified legal system developed and practiced by the indigenous communities of South Africa. Customary law has been defined as blockquote an established ... Officially, in terms of the Recognition of Customary Marriages Act , ref Act 120 of 1998. ref customary law means the customs and usages traditionally observed among the indigenous African peoples ... recognition of customary law Although there is the view that colonialists invented customary ..., some other writers have argued that customary law was not so much invented by them, but manipulated ... than invention . Indirect rule and the genesis of official customary law Whether imagination or invention, colonial actors had a significant impact on the existence and articulation of customary ... Shepstone s role in creating the system known today as indirect rule and, with it, official customary ... colonial authorities used customary law which they felt at liberty to adapt from within its institutions ... of inquiry into customary law in Southern Africa took place in the Cape. At this inquiry Shepstone ... and confidence. The codes referred to constitute what is now generally referred to as official customary ... Native law but due to the dynamic nature of living customary law that is, the customary law that was lived by native peoples , this codification mostly served to shape future customary law artificially ... but always subject to a repugnancy clause. ref Chanock, 244 245 ref Likewise, the Cape met customary ... of codifying criminal and civil law. The manner in which knowledge of the customary law was gathered ... to customary practices pertaining to inheritance and marriage, especially in regard to polygamy and bride ... and the Free State were less inclined to allow or accommodate a system of African customary law ... of indirect rule changed the landscape of customary law recognition. In order to gain legitimacy ... still refused to recognize any polygamous or customary marriages and indeed still did not provide ... more details
United States customary units are a Units of measurement system of measurements commonly used in the United ... customary system developed from English unit s used in the British Empire before the system of imperial units was standardized in 1824. Several comparison of the imperial and US customary measurement systems numerical differences from the imperial system are present. The vast majority of U.S. customary ... the world factbook appendix appendix g.html title The World Factbook date January 17, 2007 ... customary units. However, metrication in the United States has been less forcefully imposed than in other ... forces, so customary units are still widely used on consumer products and in industrial manufacturing only in military, medical, and scientific contexts are SI units generally the norm. The customary ... ing Weights and Measures in the late 19th century. Advocates of the customary system saw the French ... title The Great Pyramid year 1957 url http www.skeptically.org skepticism id15.html ref An auxiliary ... Gardner, The Great Pyramid 1957 ref One adherent of the customary system called it a just weight ... have, unofficially customary units of their own, sometimes very similar in name and measure to U.S. customary units, since they often share the same Germanic or Roman origins. Frequently, however ... century the customary units of measure in the United States were sometimes just as variable ... States customary system is based on the inch , Foot length foot , yard , and mile , which are the only four customary length measurements in everyday use. Since July 1, 1959, these have been defined ... 1 meters to inches, and 2 meters to feet? url http www.ngs.noaa.gov faq.shtml Feet title Frequently ... to be used for everyday land surveying and real estate transactions, although the difference 2 ... to any length unit is the acre. The National Institute of Standards and Technology contends that customary ... customary units larger than a pound. The pound avoirdupois, which forms the basis of the U.S. customary ... more details
Customary international humanitarian law is a body of unwritten rules of public international law, which govern conduct during armed conflict . Customary international law Customary international law , like ... international treaties are written agreements by which States establish certain rules, customary international ... Cf. Statute of the International Court of Justice, Article 38 1 b . ref Therefore, for a rule of customary ... opinio juris sive necessitatis . ref Tullio Treves, Customary International Law , in R. Wolfrum ... codification of IHL, customary rules remain relevant in contemporary armed conflicts. Current relevance of customary international humanitarian law Customary international humanitarian law complements .... International treaty law only binds States which are party to a particular treaty customary ..., this is not the case for all treaties. ref name treaties Here, customary international humanitarian .... Here, again, customary international humanitarian law can give further guidance. In 2005, mandated ... ICRC presented a Study on Customary International Humanitarian Law, published by Cambridge University ... publication pcustom.htm Customary International Humanitarian Law , 2 Volumes, Volume I Rules, Volume ... assessed to be of customary status, most of them applicable in both international and non international ... I. Since August 2010, http www.icrc.org customary ihl eng docs home a free online version of the Study , the ICRC s Customary IHL Database, is also available. Part One of the database reflects Volume ... project.php Lauterpacht Centre for International Law , University of Cambridge . Customary Law database This database, ref http www.icrc.org customary ihl eng docs home Cusstomary Law database ref ... http www.icrc.org eng resources documents news release treaties and customary law news 090810.htm ... eng resources documents news release 2011 customary law news 2011 03 28.htm Improving people ... of 2007 for 23 more countries will be added in the first half of 2012 ref http www.icrc.org customary ... more details
No footnotes date April 2009 Customary international law are those aspects of international law that derive from Custom law custom . Along with Sources of international law General principles of law general principles of law and Treaty treaties , custom is considered by the International Court of Justice , jurist s, the United Nations , and its member states to be among the primary sources of international law . For example, laws of war were long a matter of customary law before they were Codification law codified in the Hague Conventions 1899 and 1907 Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 , Geneva ... the existence of customary international law, although there are many differing opinions as to what ... of customary international law in Article 38 1 b , incorporated into the United Nations Charter ... as law. Customary international law ... consists of rules of law derived from the consistent .... ref Rosenne, Practice and Methods of International Law , p. 55. ref It follows that customary international ... sources of international law customary international law ref A marker of customary ... that the elements of an international customary law would be Opinio Juris Past Judge Decisions or works ... against humanity crimes against humanity is always violating customary international law. ref ... Problems, 59 63 74 ref Other examples accepted or claimed as customary international law include ... heads of state . See also Customary International Humanitarian Law Crime against humanity Genocide Human ... sample article?id epil entries law 9780199231690 e1393&recno 34& Customary International Law ... section ihl customary humanitarian law Customary international humanitarian law International Committee ... Law With cases and commentary. Nathaniel Burney, 2007. External links http www.icrc.org customary ihl eng docs home Customary IHL Database http www.peacepalacelibrary.nl research guides public international law customary international law Peace Palace Library Research Guide Category International ... more details
Usual, customary and reasonable UCR was an American method of generating health care prices , ref cite journal author Glaser WA title The politics of paying American physicians journal Health Aff Millwood volume 8 issue 3 pages 129 46 year 1989 pmid 2676818 doi 10.1377 hlthaff.8.3.129 url http content.healthaffairs.org content 8 3 129.full.pdf ref described as more or less whatever doctors decided to charge. ref name Better According to Steven A. Schroeder Steven Schroeder , Wilbur Cohen inserted UCR into the Social Security Act of 1965 in an unsuccessful attempt to placate the American Medical Association . ref Cite journal author Steven A. Schroeder title Personal reflections on the high cost of American medical care Many causes but few politically sustainable solutions journal Archives of Internal Medicine volume 171 issue 8 pages 722 727 year 2011 month April doi 10.1001 archinternmed.2011.149 pmid 21518938 ref Under this system, physician services were largely considered to be misvalued, with evaluation and management services being undervalued and procedures overvalued. ref name MPP cite web title Report to the Congress Medicare Payment Policy url http www.medpac.gov documents Mar06 EntireReport.pdf work Medicare Payment Advisory Commission page 137 date March 2006 accessdate July 18, 2011 ref Third party payers public and private health insurance advocated for an improved model instead of the UCR fees that led to some egregious distortions . ref name Better In the mid 1980s, U.S. health care payments for doing procedures had far outstripped payments for diagnosis . ref name Better For example, doctors who spent an hour making a complex and lifesaving diagnosis were paid forty dollars for spending an hour doing a colonoscopy and excising a polyp, they received more than six hundred dollars . ref name Better cite book title Better A Surgeon s Notes on Performance last Gawande first Atul authorlink Atul Gawande year 2007 publisher Picador location New York isbn 0 ... more details
to express the area of land are still encountered in some transactions in land today. For example, the vara ... vara, were introduced in the 19th century to measure Spanish land grants. In Texas , Stephen ... l b r in West Texas is a Units of measurement unit of area , used to express the area of land ... on . It was used in the archaic system of old Spanish land grants affecting Texas and parts of adjoining ... quarter of a square mile of land . It is still encountered in modern real estate transactions. League ... the area of land, that is equal to 25 million square varas. A square league is equivalent to about convert 4428.4 acre ha 2 lk on . It was used in the archaic system of old Spanish land grants ... . A common Texas land grant size, discussed in James A. Michener James Michener s Texas novel Texas , was a labor and a league one labor of good riparian land, and a square league of land ... 4.625 l. Quintal , a unit of weight League unit League , a unit of length Qui n a unit of land measure in the Philippines. Caballer a, a unit of land measure in Cuba. Ferrado of which there are 12 cuncas used in Galicia, NW peninsular Spain. Tah lla, a unit of land measure in Valencia. Onza ... customary units External links Handbook of Texas id VV pfv2 name Vara http www.sizes.com units vara ... units index.html A Dictionary of Units of Measurement Reasonover s Land Measures http www.booksontexas.com Reasonover s Land Measures p reas05.htm A Reference to Spanish and French land measures and their English ... more details
The Portuguese customary units were used in Portugal , Brazil and other parts of the Portuguese Empire until the adoption of the Metric System in the 19th century. The Metric System was adopted by Portugal and Portuguese colonies in 1852 and by Brazil in 1862 . The length and weight standards were defined, at national level, in the reign of Manuel I of Portugal in 1495 . The others were different from one region to the other, but were similar to those established to Lisbon . Route units cellspacing 0 cellpadding 4 border 1 class wikitable Portuguese name English name Subdivides in Equivalence in br L guas de 20 ao grau Metrical equivalence L gua de 18 ao grau League unit League of 18 to a degree 6173 meter m L gua de 20 ao grau League unit League of 20 to a degree 3 milhas geogr ficas 1 5555 m Milha geogr fica Geographical mile 1 3 1851 m Length units cellspacing 0 cellpadding 4 border 1 class wikitable Portuguese name English name Subdivides in Equivalence in Varas Metrical equivalence Bra a Fathom 2 varas 2 2,2 meter m Toesa Toise 6 p s 1 frac 4 5 1,98 m Passo geom trico Pace length Geometrical pace 5 p s 1 frac 1 2 1,65 m Vara Yard 5 palmos 1 1,1 m C vado Cubit 3 palmos 3 5 0,66 m P Foot length Foot 12 polegadas 3 10 0,33 m Palmo de craveira Span unit Span 8 polegadas 1 5 0,22 m Polegada Inch 12 linhas 1 40 27,5 millimeter mm Linha Line length Line 12 pontos 1 480 2,29 mm Ponto Point 1 5760 0,19 mm Weight units cellspacing 0 cellpadding 4 border 1 class wikitable Portuguese name English name Subdivides in Equivalence in Arrateis Metrical equivalence Tonelada Tonne 13,5 quintais 1728 793,152 Kilogram kg Quintal Hundredweight 4 arrobas 128 58,752 kg Arroba Arroba 32 arrateis 32 14,688 kg Arratel 1 Pound mass Pound 4 quartas 1 0,459 kg Quarta Fourth ... l 1 4 Quartilho 1 4 Pint 1 16 0,0875 l 1 Also known as c ntaro . See also Spanish customary units References ... DEFAULTSORT Portuguese Customary Units Category Systems of units Category Obsolete units of measure ... more details
elements of the modern aboriginal title doctrine, upholding a customaryland claim and urging ... to either territorial customarytitle the Maori Land Court or non territorial customary rights the High ... Aboriginal title is a common law doctrine that the Indigenous land rights land rights of indigenous peoples to customarylandcustomary tenure persist after the assumption of sovereignty under settler ... States , and customarytitle particularly in New Zealand . Aboriginal title jurisprudence is related ... the site of the world s first common law indigenous land rights case. Aboriginal title arose ..., and upholding customaryland claims. ref Sobhuza II v Miller 1926 A.C. 518 Swaziland . ref ref Sunmonu ... Doctrinal overview Recognition The requirements for establishing an aboriginal title to the land vary ... , although Malaysia allows aboriginal title to be sold between indigenous peoples, unless contrary to customary ... s treatment of the land. In Canada, the Crown cannot extinguish aboriginal title without the explicit ... title, the aboriginal group asserting title must satisfy the following criteria i the land must have ... its courts acknowledged the independent existence of common law aboriginal title. Native Customary Rights NCR and Native CustomaryLand NCL are provided for under section 4 2 of the National Land ... borneo mobile devices ch03s02.html Defining Native Customary Rights to Land . ref Rajah s Order IX of 1875 recognized aboriginal title by providing for its extinguishment where cleared land was abandoned ... Land Act 1909 declared aboriginal title unenforceable against the Crown. Eventually, the Privy ... Aotea District Moari Land Board 1941 A.C. 308. ref Favorable court decisions turned aboriginal title ... NZCA 269. ref This cleared the way for a variety of Treaty based non land M ori customary rights ... to a customarytitle claim ref McGuire v Hastings District Council 2000 UKPC 43 2002 2 NZLR 577 ... that customary aboriginal title interests non territorial might also remain around the coastline. The Foreshore ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2008 Maid is a title granted to the eldest daughter of a Laird . The title is not often used today but can still be used. The title is customary and not automatically given. The eldest daughter of a Laird is entitled to place the title at the end of her name along with the Lairdship therefore becoming Miss Firstname Lastname , Maid of Lairdship . Only placing the word Maid at the end of the name is incorrect as the Lairdship must be included. As the title is customary and not automatic, it means that the eldest daughter can choose if they wish to take on this title, if they choose not to they are simply addressed as Miss Firstname Lastname of Lairdship If the eldest daughter is the heir apparent to a Lairdship, she has the choice to either take on the title Younger see. Younger Title or to remain titled as Maid of x . Once they take on the Lairdship in their own right they will then become styled as Lady and the title of Maid of x will pass onto their eldest daughter if any. The title maid of x is held for life unless the eldest daughter becomes a Lady in her own right and so no one else can be given this title during the lifetime of another Maid. If a Laird has a son who is the heir apparent but still has an elder daughter she is still entitled to become styled as Maid Forms of Address If the eldest daughter of a Laird chooses to accept the title it would be styled as Miss Forename Surname , Maid of Lairdship e.g. Miss Jane Smith, Maid of Edinburgh . If the eldest daughter should marry she will still hold the title. If a Laird has any younger daughters they are styled as Miss Forename Surname of Lairdship See also Laird Younger Title Princess Royal Forms of address in the United Kingdom Courtesy titles in the United Kingdom Lord Lady The Honourable Category Scottish titles vocab stub ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2009 Good title is a concept in property law . For a valid transaction to take place, the previous owner must have an indefeasible title to the property and must transfer it to the new owner. Proof of this may be difficult, since it involves proving a negative first there must not be anyone with better title than the previous owner, and second the previous owner must not have already transferred title to anyone else. Possible solutions include Land registry land registration where the state certifies the quality of titles and claims to property, or friendly litigation after the transaction where a court rules on the quality of the transferred title. See also Title property Category Property law ... more details
Refimprove date September 2007 Property law Torrens title is a system of landtitle where a register of land holdings maintained by the state guarantees an indefeasible title to those included in the register. Land ownership is transferred through registration of title instead of using deeds. Its main purpose is to simplify land transactions and to certify to the ownership of an absolute title to realty ... since. Background Common law At common law , land owners needed to prove their ownership of a particular piece of land back to the earliest grant of land by the Crown to its first owner. The documents relating to transactions with the land were collectively known as the title deed s or the chain of title ... involves registration of title. Moreover, though a register of who owned what land was maintained ... the new title system in 1858, after a boom in land speculation and a haphazard grant system ... title to the land. To change the boundaries of a parcel of land, a revised plan must be prepared ... of the chain of title. The registered proprietor of Torrens land is said to have an indefeasible title ... on Title of his interest, the registered owner s claim to his interest in that land is superior to all ... other than inter alia THOSE listed on the title THOSE claiming the land on a prior folio s42 1 a WHERE ... land titles land ownership torrens title ref New Zealand New Zealand also adopted a similar ... of changes in the land s ownership. A person s ownership over land could also be challenged, potentially causing great legal expense to land owners and hindering development. Even an exhaustive title search of the chain of title would not give the purchaser complete security, largely because of the principle ... the fee simple estate to P1, but retained the title deeds and fraudulently purported to convey the fee simple estate to P2. The latter could receive only the title retained by the vendor in short ... purchaser. In some jurisdictions, a limitation has been placed on the period of commencement of title ... more details
The Land may refer to The Land , the setting for novels by Stephen R. Donaldson, in the The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant, the Unbeliever universe The Land , primary setting for the novels by Robert J. Sawyer, in the Quintaglio Ascension Trilogy The Land Mildred D. Taylor The Land Mildred D. Taylor , a novel by Mildred D. Taylor The Land 1942 film The Land 1942 film , a documentary film directed by Robert J. Flaherty The Land 1969 film The Land 1969 film , a 1969 Egyptian film The Land 1974 film , a 1974 South Korean film The Land song , a protest song, traditionally sung by the Georgist movement in pursuit and promotion of land value taxation The Land Epcot , a pavilion at Walt Disney World s Epcot theme park Haaretz , an Israeli newspaper whose name means The Land as in the Land of Israel The Land, the Michigan Women s Music Festival women only venue The Land , a long narrative poem by Vita Sackville West The Land , a rural newspaper in Australia owned by Rural Press The Land magazine , a Minnesota farm and rural life newspaper owned by CNHI See also Land disambiguation disambig ... more details
Wiktionary land Dry land redirects here. It may refer to The part of the Earth that is not covered by water Drylands , areas with low amounts of water in the soil Dry Land , the only album by How We Live Land may refer to Landscape Landform , physical feature comprises a geomorphological unit Land economics , a factor of production comprising all naturally occurring resources Land law Real estate , a legal term for land, used in regard to ownership Real property , a legal term similar to real estate In music Land band , American rock band LandLand album LandLand album , the first album by the band Land T r album Land T r album , an album by T r Land 1975 2002 , an album by Patti Smith Land The Comsat Angels album Land The Comsat Angels album , an album by The Comsat Angels Lands band , Japanese rock band Dah band , a former Yugoslav Belgian rock band, known as Land during 1975 1976 period People Edwin H. Land 1909 1991 , American scientist and inventor Frank Land , British information systems researcher Frank S. Land 1890 1959 , Americal founder of Order of DeMolay Frank William Land b. 1961 , British mathematician Greg Land b. 1965 , American comic book artist Harold Land 1928 2001 , American tenor saxophonist Michael Land b. 1961 , American composer and musician Michael F. Land ... Fatherland Homeland land , a suffix used in the names of several countries and other regions As a geographical place Land, California Land, Norway Land Glacier , Antarctica As a division of a country ... for land , a unit of administration in Poland Other usages Land Instruments International , A company specialising in infrared temperature measurement and emissions monitoring equipment LAND , a type ... areas between grooves in gun barrels disambig cs Krajina rozcestn k cy Tir da Land flertydig de Land fr Land ko id Land it Land ka nl Land nds nl Laand ja no Land nn Land pl Land sk Krajina sv Land olika betydelser uk Land uk zh ... more details
For other uses Protector disambiguation Protector , sometimes spelled protecter , is used as a title or part of various historical titles of heads of state and others in authority. The word literally means one who protects . Political & Administrative Heads of State in Iran Wakil ar Ra aya rendered as Protector of the People was the or a? title of the Persian imperial Monarch under the Zand dynasty those rulers refused except the last as noted the style Shahanshah . The founding ruler adopted the style it appears that his successors used the same style, although documentation is obscure 1773 1 March 1779 Mohammad Karim Khan Zand b. c.1707 d. 1779 6 March 1779 1779 Abu al Fath Khan Zand 1st time b. 1755 d. 1787 jointly with 6 March 1779 19 June 1779 Mohammad Ali Khan Zand b. 1760 d. 1... 19 June 1779 22 August 1779 Abu al Fath Khan Zand 2nd time 22 August 1779 14 March 1781 Mohammad Sadeq Khan Zand d. 1782 15 March 1781 11 February 1785 Ali Morad Khan Zand d. 1785 12 February 1785 17 February 1785 Baqer Khan Khorasakani 18 February 1785 23 January 1789 Jaafar Khan Zand d. 1789 23 January 1789 10 May 1789 Seyd Morad Khan Zand 10 May 1789 30 October 1794 Lotf Ali Khan Zand b. c.1766 d. 1794 he again adopted the traditional style Shah anshah March 1794 30 October 1794 in Europe for the use ... af hele e Island Protector of Land of Iceland 25 June 22 August 1809 an intermezzo between Danish ... of the empire of Brazil , not unlike the hollow victory title s of late Roman emperors Foreign Hegemons ... October 1813, the French Emperor, Napoleon I of France Napoleon I , bore the additional title of protecteur ... 10 March 1803 , the acting Head of the Confederation, with the title Landammann der Schweiz de icon ... Cardinal protector Since the thirteenth century it has been customary at Rome to confide to some ... Protector . Islamic The title H dim l Haramain ish Sharifain or Kh dim al aramayn al Sharifayn ... in 1517, a year after his conquest of Egypt and assuming of the title of Commander of the Faithful ... more details
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