https fscimage.fishersci.com msds 84042.htm External MSDS from Fisher Scientific Cyanocobalamin is the most ... s of vitamin B sub 12 sub . Because the body can convert cyanocobalamin to any one of the active vitamin B sub 12 sub compounds, by definition this makes cyanocobalamin itself a form or vitamer of B sub 12 sub , albeit a largely artificial one. Cyanocobalamin usually does not occur in living organisms, but animals can convert commercially produced cyanocobalamin into active cofactor forms of the vitamin ... is so small that its toxicity is negligible. Chemical properties Cyanocobalamin is the most famous ... when put into the body , because cyanocobalamin is the most air stable of the B12 forms. It is the easiest ... red powder. Cyanocobalamin is very hygroscopic in the anhydrous form, and sparingly ... adenosyl, methyl , which are the biologically active. The remaining portion of the cyanocobalamin remains unchanged. Production Cyanocobalamin is commercially prepared by bacterial fermentation. Fermentation .... These compounds are converted to cyanocobalamin by addition of potassium cyanide in the presence of sodium ... by bacteria, and was then changed to cyanocobalamin in the process of being purified in activated ... it up, and is changed to cyanocobalamin. Cyanocobalamin is the form in most pharmaceutical preparations ... Bruno Kaesler ref Pharmaceutical use Cyanocobalamin is usually prescribed for the following reasons ... due to low intake from food thyrotoxicosis hemorrhage malignancy liver or kidney disease. Cyanocobalamin ... B sub 12 sub . ref http www.umm.edu altmed drugs cyanocobalamin 033700.htm ref End product of cyanide ... to cyanocobalamin. The hydroxocobalamin binds with the cyanide ion and forms cyanocobalamin ... effects The oral use of cyanocobalamin may lead to several allergic reactions such as hives difficult ... cyanocobalamin oral publisher Cerner Multum, Inc. Healthwise date 2009 04 21 url http health.msn.com ... forms of anemia e.g., megaloblastic anemia , the use of cyanocobalamin can lead to severe hypokalemia ... more details
enzyme Name Cyanocobalamin reductase cyanide eliminating EC number 1.16.1.6 CAS number 131145 00 1 IUBMB EC number 1 16 1 6 GO code image width caption In enzymology , a cyanocobalamin reductase cyanide eliminating EC number 1.16.1.6 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction cob I alamin cyanide NADP sup sup math rightleftharpoons math cyanocob III alamin NADPH H sup sup The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are cob I alamin , cyanide , and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADP sup sup , whereas its 3 product chemistry products are cyanocob III alamin , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH , and hydrogen ion H sup sup . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those oxidizing metal ion with NAD or NADP as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is cob I alamin, cyanide NADP oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include cyanocobalamin reductase , cyanocobalamin reductase NADPH, cyanide eliminating , cyanocobalamin reductase NADPH , CN eliminating , and NADPH cyanocob III alamin oxidoreductase cyanide eliminating . This enzyme participates in porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , FAD . References reflist 1 cite journal author Watanabe F, Oki Y, Nakano Y, Kitaoka S date Tokyo title Occurrence and characterization of cyanocobalamin reductase NADPH CN eliminating involved in decyanation of cyanocobalamin in Euglena gracilis journal J. Nutr. Sci. volume Vitaminol. pages 1&ndash 10 pmid 3134526 issue 1 1.16 enzyme stub Category EC 1.16.1 Category NADPH dependent enzymes Category Flavin enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Cianocobalamina reduttasi elimina cianuro ja ... more details
Nonproprietary Name INN cyanocobalamin 57 Co International Nonproprietary Name INN cyanocobalamin 58 Co International Nonproprietary Name INN cyanocobalamin 60 Co International Nonproprietary Name INN cyanocobalamin International Nonproprietary Name INN Cyanoject cyc cycl cycla cycli Cyclaine cyclandelate ... more details
sub 12 sub . As a nutritional supplement, it is available in tabletted form, but, unlike cyanocobalamin ... also Cyanocobalamin Hydroxocobalamin Methylcobalamin Vitamin B12 External links ATC B03 BA04 biochem ... more details
Ian Fleming 1935 present is an England English organic chemist, and an emeritus professor of the University of Cambridge , and an emeritus fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge . He was the first to determine the full structure of chlorophyll in 1967 ref cite journal author Ian Fleming title Absolute Configuration and the Structure of Chlorophyll journal Nature year 1967 volume 216 issue 5111 pages 151 152 doi 10.1038 216151a0 url http www.nature.com nature journal v216 n5111 abs 216151a0.html ref and was involved in the development of the organic synthesis synthesis of cyanocobalamin by Robert Burns Woodward . He has made major contributions to the use of organosilicon compounds for stereochemistry stereospecific syntheses reactions which have found application in the synthesis of natural compounds. He is also a prolific author, and has written a number of textbooks, encyclopedia chapters and influential review articles. Life and research Ian Fleming was born in Staffordshire and grew up in Stourbridge , Worcestershire . He received a Bachelor of Arts B.A. in 1959 and a Doctor of Philosophy Ph.D. in 1962, both from Pembroke College, Cambridge . His post doctoral studies were done at Harvard University with R.B. Woodward on the synthesis of cyanocobalamin vitamin B sub 12 sub . He has made advances in the topic of stereochemistry , developing new synthetic reactions. He has also pioneered the applications of organosilicon chemistry for organic synthesis, especially for the production of Chirality chemistry chiral molecule s, and synthesized the highly stable 8 cycloheptatrienylheptafulvenyl carbocation . Prof. Fleming has an extensive list of publications, including major contributions to the chemical encyclopedia Comprehensive Organic Chemistry , and many influential review articles. He has also authored popular undergraduate textbooks on spectroscopy spectroscopic methods of structure determination, organic synthesis, and applications of frontier orbital theory to ... more details
rosin , tartrazine yellow 5 , pyridoxine hydrochloride vitamin B6 , cyanocobalamin vitamin B12 ... B6 , guarana extract, cyanocobalamin vitamin B sub 12 sub . Nutrition Facts Serving size 8 fl oz ... 3 sub , pyridoxine hydrochloride Vitamin B sub 6 sub , guarana extract, cyanocobalamin Vitamin B sub ... hydrochloride Vitamin B sub 6 sub , guarana extract, cyanocobalamin Vitamin B sub 12 sub ... Vitamin E , pyridoxine hydrochloride Vitamin B sub 6 sub , guarana extract, cyanocobalamin Vitamin ... more details
Image Intramuscular Injection.JPG thumb IM into the Leg Intramuscular or IM injection is the medical injection injection of a substance directly into a muscle . In medicine , it is one of several alternative methods for the administration of medication s see route of administration . It is used for particular forms of medication that are administered in small amounts. Depending on the chemical properties of the drug, the medication may either be absorbed fairly quickly or more gradually. Intramuscular injections are often given in the deltoid muscle deltoid , vastus lateralis muscles and the ventrogluteal and dorsogluteal areas. Uses Examples of medications that are sometimes administered intramuscularly are Codeine Morphine Methotrexate Metoclopramide Olanzapine Streptomycin Diazepam Prednisone Penicillin Interferon beta 1a Sex hormones, such as Testosterone , Estradiol Valerate , and Depo Provera Dimercaprol Ketamine Lupron Naloxone quinine Dosing Quinine , in its gluconate form Vitamin B12 , also known as cyanocobalamin In addition, some vaccine s are administered intramuscularly Gardasil Hepatitis A vaccine Rabies vaccine Influenza vaccines based on inactivated viruses are commonly administered intramuscularly although there is active research being conducted as to the best route of administration . Platelet rich plasma injections can be administered intramuscularly. Certain substances e.g. Ketamine are injected intramuscularly for recreational drug use recreational purposes. External links MeshName Injections, Intramuscular http www.cdc.gov mmwr preview mmwrhtml rr54e713a1.htm Prevention and Control of Influenza, Recommendations of ACIP http www.medicalvideos.us videos 189 IM Injection Educational Intramuscular Injection Video Produced by the US Army Dosage forms state show Routes of administration Category Medical treatments Category Routes of administration Category Dosage forms treatment stub ca Injecci intramuscular cs Nitrosvalov aplikace de Intramuskul ... more details
Infobox disease Name Arakawa s syndrome II Image Mecobalamin.svg Caption methylcobalamin DiseasesDB 32787 ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM 156570 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic Arakawa s syndrome II ref name wni is an autosome autosomal dominance genetics dominant inborn error of metabolism metabolic disorder that causes a deficiency of the enzyme tetrahydrofolate methyltransferase affected individuals cannot properly metabolize methylcobalamin , a type of Cyanocobalamin Vitamin B sub 12 sub . It is also called Methionine synthase deficiency , Tetrahydrofolate methyltransferase deficiency syndrome , and N5 methylhomocysteine transferase deficiency . ref name omim OMIM 156570 ref Characteristics This disorder causes Neurology neurological problems, including mental retardation , brain atrophy and Ventricular system ventricular dilation, myoclonus , hypotonia , and epilepsy . It is also associated with Delayed milestone growth retardation , megaloblastic anemia , pectus excavatum , scoliosis , vomiting , diarrhea , and hepatosplenomegaly . Genetics Image Autodominant.jpg thumb right Arakawa& 39 s syndrome II has an autosomal dominant pattern of heredity inheritance . Arakawa s syndrome II is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. This means the defective gene responsible for disorder is located on an autosome , and one copy of the defective gene is sufficient to cause the disorder when inherited from a parent who has the disorder. Eponym It is called Arakawa syndrome 2 after Tsuneo Arakawa ref name wni WhoNamedIt synd 235 ref ref cite journal author Arakawa T, et al. title Megaloblastic anemia and mental retardation associated with hyperfolic acidemia probably due to N5 methyltetrahydrofolate transferase deficiency journal Tohoku J. Exp. Med. volume 93 issue 1 pages 1 22 year 1967 pmid 5300832 doi 10.1620 tjem.93.1 ref in this context, Arakawa syndrome 1 refers to Glutamate formiminotransferase deficiency. References reflist External links RareDiseases 8265 Arakawa ... more details
Image Corrin IUPAC.svg thumb right 200px Corrin ring, numbered according to the 1975 IUPAC standard. Note that for consistency with the porphyrin numbering system, there is no 20 position. Positions 21 24 were numbered 20 23 in earlier literature. ref cite journal url http www.jstor.org stable 2415001 title The Structure of the Corrin Nucleus from X ray Analysis author Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin journal Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences volume 288 number 1414 date 1965 11 16 pages 294 305 ref Image VitaminB12.png thumb 200px Vitamin B ssub 12 cyanocobalamin Corrinoids are a group of compounds based on the skeleton of corrin , a cyclic system containing four pyrrole rings similar to porphyrin s. These include compounds based on octadehydrocorrin, which has the trivial name corrole . ref cite web url http www.chem.qmul.ac.uk iupac misc B12.html title The Nomenclature of Corrinoids Recommendations 1975 year 1975 publisher IUPAC IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature CBN ref The cobalamin s vitamin B12 vitamin B sub 12 sub are the best known members of the group. Other prominent examples include cobyrinic acid and its hexaamide cobyric acid cobinic acid and its hexaamide cobinamide cobamic acid and cobamide . Compounds containing the Cob suffix not cor rin are cobalt derivatives, and may include an oxidation state , as in Cob II alamin . When cobalt is replaced by another metal or hydrogen, the name changes accordingly, as in ferrobamic acid or hydrogenobamic acid . References references External links MeshName Corrinoids http www.chem.qmul.ac.uk iupac misc B12.html The Nomenclature of Corrinoids at chem.qmul.ac.uk http gold.zvon.org ring azacyclopentene3.html Goldbook Category Tetrapyrroles heterocyclic stub ja ... more details
, Vitamin B sub 7 sub Biotin , Vitamin B sub 12 sub Cyanocobalamin . Green Goodness ref name ... as acetate , vitamin B sub 6 sub pyridoxine and vitamin B sub 12 sub cyanocobalamin . C Boost ref name ... B sub 12 sub cyanocobalamin . Pefectly Protein Cafe mocha Mocha Cappuccino ref name homesite Ingredients ... sub cyanocobalamin . Perfectly Protein Hazelnut Latt ref name homesite Ingredients hazelnut latt low ... B sub 6 sub pyridoxine hydrochloride , vitamin B12 cyanocobalamin . Purely Chocolate Chocolate ... more details
1, cyanocobalamin ref name ingredients cite web url http www.letitloose.com index.php?src gendocs&link ... Cyanocobalamin Vitamin B sub 12 sub 2.4 g 100 Vitamin B6 Vitamin B sub 6 sub 1.3 mg 100 Pantothenic ... more details
title, such as vitamin A . Other examples of vitamers include cyanocobalamin , hydroxocobalamin ... B sub 12 sub Cyanocobalamin , hydroxocobalamin , methylcobalamin , adenosylcobalamin Vitamin C Ascorbic ... more details
of hydroxocobalamin is slightly higher than cyanocobalamin. metabolism hepatic elimination half ..., cyanocobalamin , does not occur in nature, but is used in many pharmaceuticals and supplements ... of cobalt containing vitamer compounds known as cobalamins these include cyanocobalamin an artifact ... B sub 12 sub may be properly used to refer to cyanocobalamin , the principal B sub 12 sub form used ... deficiency which is resistant to treatment with cyanocobalamin. Finally, so called pseudo B sub 12 ... of cyanocobalamin is contraindicated in early Leber s disease , which is hereditary optic nerve atrophy . Cyanocobalamin can cause severe and swift optic atrophy, but other forms of vitamin B sub ... corrin complex. Cyanocobalamin is one such vitamer in this B vitamins B complex , because it can be metabolized in the body to an active co enzyme form. However, the cyanocobalamin form of B sub ... content 48 3 852.long The full .pdf of the Herbert article is online at this site ref Since the cyanocobalamin ... s have B sub 12 sub vitamin activity and can properly be labeled vitamin B sub 12 sub , and cyanocobalamin is but one of them. Thus, all cyanocobalamin is vitamin B sub 12 sub , but not all vitamin B sub 12 sub is cyanocobalamin . ref Cite journal author Herbert V title Vitamin B 12 plant sources ... forms of B sub 12 sub more easily than cyanocobalamin, and since it is little more expensive than cyanocobalamin, and has longer retention times in the body, has been used for vitamin replacement ... more details
Image Lima organic lactosefree vegan ricemilk from Germany 1liter bottle cup 1024px.jpg thumb right 250px Rice milk as sold in Germany where the law prohibits usage of the word milk in the label for any non animal milk . Image Brown rice.jpg thumb right 250px Brown rice. Rice milk is a kind of grain milk processed from rice . It is mostly made from brown rice and commonly unsweetened. The sweetness in most rice milk varieties is generated by a natural enzymes enzymatic process, cleaving the carbohydrates into sugar s, especially glucose , similar to the Japanese amazake . ref http findarticles.com p articles mi m0820 is 2000 Feb ai 59269778 Got soy, almond, rice Milk? Brief Article Vegetarian Times Find Articles at BNET.com Bot generated title ref Some rice milk kinds may nevertheless be sweetened with sugarcane syrup or other sugar s. Comparison to dairy milk Compared to milk cow s milk , rice milk contains more carbohydrate s, but does not contain significant amounts of calcium or protein , and no cholesterol or lactose . Commercial brands of rice milk, however, are often fortified with vitamin s and dietary mineral minerals , including calcium , cyanocobalamin vitamin B12 , niacin vitamin B sub 3 sub , and iron . Rice milk is often consumed by people who are lactose intolerance lactose intolerant , soy allergy allergic to soy or have Phenylketonuria PKU . Commercial brands Commercial brands of rice milk are available in vanilla , chocolate , and almond flavors, as well as the original unflavored form and can be used in many recipes as an alternative to traditional cow milk. ref http vegetarian.about.com od vegetarianvegan101 f MilkSubstitutes.htm Vegan non dairy milk substitutes soy milk rice milk almond milk dairy allergies lactose intolerant Bot generated title ref Commercial brands include Rice Dream , Achim Haetsal , The Bridge rice milk The Bridge , ref http www.iateapie.net reviews archives 2006 04 rice dream rice.php Rice Dream Rice Drink Iateapie.net Heal ... more details
Infobox beverage name All Sport image introduced 1993 manufacturer All Sport, Inc. distributed by Dr Pepper Snapple Group type Nutrient Enhanced Sports Drink Beverage origin USA website http www.drinkallsport.com drinkallsport.com All Sport is a brand of sports drink similar to Gatorade and Powerade . It was created by PepsiCo , as their response to The Coca Cola Company s Powerade and Stokely Van Camp s Gatorade, now owned by PepsiCo. All Sport originally was carbonated, but this was changed after consumers objected. After PepsiCo s acquisition of the Quaker Oats Company , the makers of Gatorade, in 2001, All Sport was purchased by The Monarch Beverage Company , of Atlanta, Georgia . In 2007, All Sport was purchased by Gary Smith , who established All Sport, Inc. as a subsidiary of Big Red, Inc. It is distributed by the Dr Pepper Snapple Group. Products All Sport Body Quencher Body Quencher is the original sports drink. Citation needed date May 2010 Fruit Punch Blue Raz Ice Grape Orange Lemon Lime Ingredients Water, High Fructose Corn Syrup , Citric Acid, Phosphoric Acid, Monopotassium Phosphate, Sodium Chloride, Gum Arabic, Ascorbic Acid Vitamin C , Natural and Artificial Flavors, Calcium Chloride, Ester Gum All Sport Naturally Zero All Sport Naturally Zero is a zero calorie sports drink, sweetened with Truvia . ref http truvia.com where to buy products default.aspx ref When it was released in April 2009, Naturally Zero was the first and only zero calorie sports drink sweetened with Truvia. Strawberry Star Fruit Dragonfruit Mandarin Orange Ingredients Water, citric acid, fruit and vegetable extracts for natural color , natural flavor, potassium citrate, salt, rebiana , calcium chloride, B vitamins niacinamide B sub 3 sub , calcium pantothenate B sub 5 sub , pyridoxine hydrochloride B sub 6 sub , cyanocobalamin B sub 12 sub . Discontinued products All Sport Zero Lemon Ice Mixed Berry Tangerine Fruit Punch flavors Sponsorships File 4194 698918145397 12615665 4062602 ... more details
Image Von Dutch energy drink.jpg right thumb 280px Von Dutch energy drink, black label. Von Dutch Energy Drink was a brand of energy drink developed by Rockstar drink Rockstar Energy and distributed by the Coca Cola Enterprises via an agreement with the Von Dutch fashion label, 2005. Steve Vande Loo, CCE s vice president of channel and sales operations for North America said, Von Dutch complements the powerful combination of Full Throttle drink Full Throttle and Rockstar by providing consumers with another unique and differentiated choice. Von Dutch Energy Drink was discontinued in 2006. Brand Portfolio Von Dutch Energy Drink black label Sugar Free Von Dutch Energy Drink white label Both come in 16 fl oz 473 ml size cans. The nutrition information box is for the black label can. The white label can contains 20 calories. Infobox nutrition facts For serving size only, please include units. All other parameters already have them. serv size us 8.0 fl oz serv size met 240 ml servings 2 calories 220 cal from fat 0 total fat g 0 sat fat g 0 trans fat g 0 cholesterol mg 0 sodium mg 360 potassium mg 0 carb g 54 fiber g 0 sugars g 54 protein g 2 vit a 0 vit c 0 calcium 0 iron 0 Key Ingredients Von Dutch Energy 8 fl oz servings 2 servings per can The following information is for a full 16 fl oz can. taurine 2000 mg caffeine 160 mg glucuronolactone 1200 mg inositol 100 mg riboflavin vitamin B sub small 2 small sub 300 DRI Carnitine L carnitine 50 mg Nicotinamide niacinamide 100 DRI pantothenic acid calcium pantothenate 100 DRI eleutherococcus senticosus 50 mg pyridoxine hydrochloride 100 DRI cyanocobalamin 100 DRI External links http www.energydrinkreviews.com ?Welcome Energy Drinks Von Dutch Von Dutch at Energy Drink Reviews Category Energy drinks Energy drinks ... more details
82 year 2006 pmid 16808232 pmc 1461413 ref Because of malabsorption, serum levels of cyanocobalamin vitamin B12 and tocopherol vitamin E may be low. These may be supplemented, although since cyanocobalamin ... be treated with hydroxocobalamin or methylcobalamin . citation needed date November 2011 Cyanocobalamin ... for cyanocobalamin absorption from the intestine is secreted by the pancreas. In dogs this figure ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Unreferenced date September 2010 Ham s tissue culture medium is a growth medium for mammalian cells. Contents It contains in amounts dissolved in 1 liter of triple distilled water L Arginine 211 mg Biotin 0.024 mg L Histidine 21 mg Calcium pantothenate 0.7 mg L Lysine 29.3 mg Choline chloride 0.69 mg L Methionine 4.48 mg i inositol 0.54 mg L Phenylalanine 4.96 mg Niacinamide 0.6 mg L Tryptophan 0.6 mg Pyridoxine hydrochloride 0.2 mg L Tyrosine 1.81 mg Riboflavin 0.37 mg L Alanine 8.91 mg Thymidine 0.7 mg Glycine 7.51 mg Cyanocobalamin 1.3 mg L Serine 10.5 mg Sodium pyruvate 110 mg L Threonine 3.57 mg Lipoic acid 0.2 mg L Aspartic acid 13.3 mg CaCl2 44 mg L Glutamic acid 14.7 mg MgSO4.7H2O 153 mg L Asparagine 15 mg Glucose 1.1 g L Glutamine 146.2 mg NaCl 7.4 g L Isoleucine 2.6 mg KCl 285 mg L Leucine 13.1 mg Na2HPO4 290 mg L Proline 11.5 mg KH2PO4 83 mg L Valine 3.5 mg Phenol red 1.2 mg L Cysteine 31.5 mg FeSO4 0.83 mg Thiamine hydrochloride 1 mg CuSO4.5H2O 0.0025 mg Hypoxanthine 4 mg ZnSO4.7H2O 0.028 mg Folic acid 1.3 mg NaHCO3 1.2 g See also Biotechnology Brewing Cell biology DMEM Dulbecco s Modified Eagle s Medium Eagle s minimal essential medium a minimum ingredient cell culture medium Fermentation food GMEM Glasgow s Minimal Essential Medium Murashige and Skoog medium Plant cell culture medium RPMI Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium , for lymph cells Sources http users.rcn.com jkimball.ma.ultranet BiologyPages M Media.html The Nutrient Requirements of Cells DEFAULTSORT Ham s Tissue Culture Medium Category Cell biology ... more details
Sir Alan Rushton Battersby Fellow of the Royal Society FRS born 4 March 1925 is a British organic chemist known for his work on the genetic blueprint, structure, and synthetic pathway of Cyanocobalamin . This came in collaboration with a partner and also in relation to work on plant alkaloids . He won the Copley Medal in 2000 and has also won other awards such as Royal Medal in 1989. Birth and academic career Battersby was born in the United Kingdom. He was BP Professor of Organic Chemistry Professor of Organic Chemistry at Cambridge University from 1988 1992 and is Fellow Emeritus of St Catherine s College, Cambridge. Research Battersby is known for his research on the biosynthesis of the pigments of life haem , chlorophyll and vitamin B12 , that are built on closely related Tetrapyrrole tetrapyrrolic structural frameworks . He has demonstrated and elucidated the essential role played by two enzymes, deaminase and cosynthetase, in the construction of the tetrapyrrolic ring with its specific structural features. In 1988, he was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . ref name AAAS cite web title Book of Members, 1780 2010 Chapter B url http www.amacad.org publications BookofMembers ChapterB.pdf publisher American Academy of Arts and Sciences accessdate 28 May 2011 ref He was awarded the Wolf Prize in Chemistry along with Duilio Arigoni of ETH Zurich in 1989 for their fundamental contributions to the elucidation of the mechanism of enzymic reactions and of the biosynthesis of natural products, in particular the pigments of life . ref http www.wolffund.org.il cat.asp?id 15&cat title CHEMISTRY The Wolf Prize in Chemistry ref Notes Reflist Further reading cite book author Milgrom, Lionel R. year 1997 title The Colours of Life an Introduction to the Chemistry of Porphyrins and Related Compounds location Oxford, New York publisher Oxford University Press isbn 0 19 855380 3 oclc 35172533 cite web author University of Cambridge Offic ... more details
unreferenced date April 2011 Infobox Beverage name Sting bgcolor image type Carbonated Energy Drink manufacturer PepsiCo distributor availability Pakistan , Malaysia & Philippines . introduced 2010 color flavor Gold Rush & Berry Blast & Power Lime variants related website http stingenergy.com stingenergy.com Sting Energy Drink is a carbonated energy drink from PepsiCo International. It was launched in Pakistan in 2010 with a widespread advertising campaign. Sting is available in three flavours Gold Rush, Power Lime and Berry Blast. Ingredients Carbonated water , Sugar , Citric Acid , Artificial flavour , Maltrodextrin, Sodium Citrate , Sodium Hexametaphosphate, Taurine , Potassium Sorbate , Caffeine , Sodium Benzoate , Tartrazine , Inosital , Calcium Disodium EDTA , Modified Food Starch, Panax Ginseng Extract, Niacinamide , Sunset Yellow , Pyridoxine Hydrochloride and Cyanocobalamin . Nutritional Information Serving Size 250ml class wikitable Per Serving Energy Kcal 160 Carbohydrate g 40 Vitamin B3 Vitamin B sub 3 sub mg 7 Vitamin B6 Vitamin B sub 6 sub mg 0.7 Vitamin B12 Vitamin B sub 12 sub mg 0.9 Ginseng Extract mg 1.6 Inositol mg 17 Taurine mg 124 Advertising Campaign Image Sting hummer.jpg thumb right 150px alt Sting Energy Drink s Hummer traveling down the streets of Karachi . Sting Energy Drink s Hummer traveling down the streets of Karachi . After the launch of sting in Pakistan , PepsiCo started a widespread campaign, which included road advertising and tv commercials. Starting from Karachi , the Hummer advertising vehicle travels through different areas and offers free Sting energy drink to people on the roads. The TV commercial was shot in Malaysia in which a person is shown generating electricity and charging a car battery after drinking the Sting energy drink. It airs on all Pakistani TV channels. References See http en.wikipedia.org wiki Wikipedia Footnotes on how to create references using ref ref tags which will then appear here automatically Reflist ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 C sub 50 sub C sub 100 sub class wikitable sortable Chemical formula Synonyms CAS number C sub 50 sub H sub 98 sub O sub 4 sub didocosyl adipate 65540 77 4 C sub 51 sub H sub 98 sub O sub 6 sub tripalmitin 555 44 2 C sub 52 sub H sub 106 sub dopentacontane 7719 79 1 C sub 54 sub H sub 70 sub O sub 6 sub N sub 4 sub Mg chlorophyll d chlorophyll d 519 63 1 C sub 54 sub H sub 90 sub N sub 6 sub O sub 18 sub valinomycin 2001 95 8 C sub 54 sub H sub 108 sub cyclotetrapentacontane 297 63 2 C sub 54 sub H sub 110 sub tetrapentacontane 5856 66 6 C sub 55 sub H sub 70 sub O sub 6 sub N sub 4 sub Mg chlorophyll b chlorophyll b 519 62 0 C sub 55 sub H sub 72 sub MgN sub 4 sub O sub 5 sub chlorophyll a chlorophyll a 42617 16 3 C sub 57 sub H sub 92 sub O sub 6 sub trilinolenin 14465 68 0 C sub 57 sub H sub 98 sub O sub 6 sub trilinolein 537 40 6 C sub 57 sub H sub 104 sub O sub 6 sub triolein 122 32 7 C sub 57 sub H sub 110 sub O sub 6 sub tristearin 555 43 1 C sub 57 sub H sub 116 sub heptapentacontane 5856 67 7 C sub 58 sub H sub 118 sub octapentacontane 7667 78 9 C sub 60 sub buckminsterfullerene 99685 96 8 C sub 60 sub H sub 86 sub O sub 19 sub ciguatoxin CTX1B 11050 21 8 C sub 60 sub H sub 122 sub hexacontane 7667 80 3 C sub 60 sub O fullerene epoxide 135105 53 2 C sub 62 sub H sub 126 sub dohexacontane 7719 83 7 C sub 63 sub H sub 88 sub CoN sub 14 sub O sub 14 sub P cyanocobalamin 68 19 9 C sub 63 sub H sub 122 sub O sub 6 sub triaachidin 620 64 4 C sub 64 sub H sub 130 sub tetrahexacontane 7719 87 1 C sub 66 sub H sub 134 sub hexahexacontane 7719 89 3 C sub 67 sub H sub 136 sub heptahexacontane 7719 90 6 C sub 70 sub H sub 142 sub heptacontane 7719 93 9 C sub 72 sub H sub 144 sub cyclodoheptacontane 63217 76 5 C sub 82 sub H sub 166 sub dooctacontane 7719 95 1 C sub 94 sub H sub 190 sub tetranonacontane 1574 32 9 C sub 96 sub H sub 192 sub cyclohexanonacontane 63217 79 8 C sub 100 sub H sub 202 sub hectane 6703 9 ... more details
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