A Cyrillization is a system for rendering words of a language that normally uses a writing system other than the Cyrillic script into a version of Cyrillic alphabet. A Cyrillization scheme needs to be applied, for example, to transcribe names of German, Chinese, or American people and places for use in Russian language Russian , Serbian language Serbian or Bulgarian language Bulgarian newspapers and books. Cyrillization is analogous to romanization , when words from a non Latin alphabet Latin alphabet using language are rendered in the Latin alphabet for use e.g. in English literature English , German literature German , or Francophone literature . Just like with various Romanization schemes, each Cyrillization system has its own set of rules, depending on The source language or writing system English, French, Arabic, Hindi , Kazakh language Kazakh in Kazakh alphabet Latin alphabet , Chinese, Japanese, etc. , The destination language or writing system Russian, Bulgarian, Kazakh language Kazakh in Cyrillic, etc. , the goals of the systems to render occasional foreign words mostly personal and place names for use in newspapers or on maps to provide a practical approximate phonetic transcription in a phrase book or a bilingual dictionary or to convert a language to a Cyrillic writing system altogether e.g. Moldavian language Moldavian , Dungan language Dungan , Kazakh alphabet Kazakh ... Ukrainian . When the source language uses a fairly phonetic spelling system, a Cyrillization scheme ... Cyrillization of Chinese Cyrillization of Japanese Cyrillization of Korean Similarly simple ... system for the Bulgarian language Bulgarian Cyrillization of English has been designed by the Bulgarian linguist Andrey Danchev . Similarly phonetic schemes are widely adopted for Cyrillization ... bg icon Transcription into the Bulgarian A page for Cyrillization of Polish ... Cyrillization Category Transliteration es Cirilizaci n fr Cyrillisation ja pt Ciriliza o ... more details
of Japanese pronunciation too much. Preference of a cyrillization system often becomes a matter ... 2011 class wikitable Examples English R maji Russian spelling Cyrillization Japanese Japan Nihon ... and all other Yoko s . The letter is not often used in Japanese Cyrillization due to its facultative ... http www.susi.ru SusiOrSushi.html or Susi or Sushi Cyrillization of and others controversy Russian http www.russki mat.net trans4.html Automatic cyrillization of hiragana and katakana ... Cyrillization Of Japanese Category Cyrillization Japanese Category Japanese writing system Link ... more details
RCL The Cyrillization of Chinese is effected using the Palladius system for transcription linguistics transcribing Chinese character s into the Cyrillic alphabet. It was created by Pyotr Kafarov Pyotr Ivanovich Kafarov , a Russian sinologist and monk who spent 30 years in China and was also known by his monastic name Palladius . It is the Russian official standard for transcribing Chinese language Chinese into Russian language Russian . System class wikitable width 750 Consonants align center Cyrillic align center International Phonetic Alphabet IPA p p m f t t n l k k x s align center Pinyin b p m f d t n l g k h j q x zh ch sh r z c s align center Wade Giles p p m f t t n l k k h ch ch hs ch ch sh j ts ts s align center bopomofo class wikitable width 750 Rhymes align center Cyrillic align center International Phonetic Alphabet IPA a a e o an n align center Pinyin i a o e ai ei ao ou an en ang eng er align center Wade Giles ih a o o ai ei ao ou an n ang ng erh align center bopomofo colspan 15 align center Cyrillic align center International Phonetic Alphabet IPA i i i i i i n in i i align center Pinyin i ia i iao iu ien in iang ing align center Wade Giles i ia ie iao iu ian in iang ing align center bopomofo colspan 15 align center Cyrillic br br br br a br a br a br a br align center International Phonetic Alphabet IPA u u u u u ue uan u n u u align center Pinyin u ua uo uai ui uan un uang ong align center Wade ... exceptions. See also Dungan language Romanization of Chinese Cyrillization of Japanese External ... Cyrillization Chinese Category Transcription of Chinese de Palladius Transkription es Cirilizaci n ... more details
Russian Vietnamese or Vietnamese Russian may refer to Russia Vietnam relations Vietnamese people in Russia red links Cyrillization of Vietnamese Russians in Vietnam See also Eurasian mixed ancestry disambig ... more details
Japanese Russian or Russian Japanese may refer to Japanese Russian relations c.f. a Japanese Russian treaty Japanese language education in Russia c.f. Russian Japanese education Cyrillization of Japanese Eurasian mixed ancestry people of Japanese and Russian descent See also Japanese people in Russia Russians in Japan disambig ... more details
There are and have been several Chinese alphabets , that is pre existing alphabet s adapted to write down the Chinese language . However, the standard Written Chinese Chinese writing system uses a non alphabetic writing system script with an alphabet for supplementary use. ref cite web title Does Chinese have an alphabet? work Zhongwen.com Chinese characters FAQ url http www.zhongwen.com x faq14.htm accessdate 2008 05 31 ref There is no original alphabet native to China. Sometimes the term is used anyway to refer to logographic Chinese character s sinograms . It is more appropriately used, though, for transcription linguistics phonemic transcriptions such as pinyin. Alphabetic transcription of Chinese For the use of the Latin alphabet to transcribe Chinese, see Romanization of Chinese Romanization of Chinese in Taiwan Pinyin Hanyu Pinyin a.k.a. Pinyin the modern international standard for transcription of Standard Chinese Wade Giles Yale Romanization For the use of Cyrillic script to transcribe Chinese, see Cyrillization of Chinese For the use of the Arabic alphabet to transcribe Chinese, see Xiao erjing For another phonetic script in widespread use in Taiwan often called an alphabet but actually a semi syllabary see Zhuyin Zhuyin fuhao a.k.a. bopomofo or Zhuyin See also Chinese character classification Fanqie Transliteration into Chinese characters References references Category Transcription of Chinese To translate Chinese, see Cyrillization of Chinese ... more details
Chinese Russian or Russian Chinese may refer to Sino Russian relations c.f. a Chinese Russian treaty Language Kyakhta Russian Chinese Pidgin Russian methods for writing the Chinese language Cyrillization of Chinese Latinxua Sin Wenz Dungan language , a Sinitic language spoken in Russia by the Dungan people People and ethnic groups Ethnic Chinese in Russia Dungan people , descendants of Hui from China who migrated to the Russian Empire Ethnic Russians in China Harbin Russians Shanghai Russians Russians in Hong Kong Albazin Cossacks , Russian soldiers captured by Qing dynasty forces in 1685 and resettled near Beijing Eurasian mixed ancestry people of mixed Chinese and Russian descent People with dual citizenship of China and Russia See also Chinese Soviet disambiguation disambig ... more details
Korean Russian or Russian Korean may refer to South Korea Russia relations Russia North Korea relations Cyrillization of Korean Russians in Korea Ethnic Koreans in the former USSR Koryo saram , 19th century immigrants to the Russian Far East who were later deported to Central Asia Sakhalin Koreans , Japanese colonial era immigrants stranded on Sakhalin when the Soviets invaded North Koreans in Russia , citizens of North Korea who migrated to Russia after the division of Korea Koryo mar , the language of the Koryo saram Eurasian mixed ancestry people of Korean and Russian descent People with dual citizenship of Russia and North or South Korea disambig ... more details
Image .jpg right thumb Pyotr Ivanovich Kafarov Pre reform Russian Modern Russian , also known by his monastic name Palladius Pre reform Russian Modern Russian , 1817, Chistopol &ndash 1878 , was an early Russian Sinology sinologist . Kafarov was born in the family of an Eastern Orthodox Church Orthodox priest . He studied in Kazan seminary and Saint Petersbourg Academy, from which was sent to the Russian Orthodox Church Russian Orthodox Mission Christian Mission in China. Like his teacher Ioakinf Bichurin , Palladius was a Russian Orthodox monk. During his stay in China, he discovered and published many invaluable manuscripts, including The Secret History of the Mongols . More than three decades Archimandrite Palladius headed the Russian Orthodox mission in China ref , Russian Magazine, September 2005, in Russian ref and held ethnographic and linguistic research there. Kafarov has designed a Cyrillization system for the Chinese language , known as the Cyrillization of Chinese from Pinyin Palladius system . This system has remained the basis for official transcription of Chinese personal and geographical names in Russia ever since. The Chinese Russian Dictionary composed by Archimandrite Palladius remains a well known scientific work even today. See also Cyrillization of Chinese http books.google.com books?id jOA5NxDIbfYC&pg PA1 v onepage&q &f false Elucidations of the Marco Polo s Travels in North China Journal of the North China Branch of the R. As. Soc. , vol. X, 1876 http books.google.com books?id 6kU9AAAAYAAJ&pg PA142 v onepage&q &f false The Road from Beijing to Blagoveschinsk The journal of the Royal Geographic Society of London, Volume 42, J. Murray, 1872 References Reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Kafarov, Pyotr ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1817 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE ... more details
Appendix Cyrillic scripts Category Cyrillic alphabets Cyrillization of Chinese from pinyin Cyrillization of Chinese Palladiy system Cyrillization of Japanese Cyrillization of Japanese Polivanov system Kontsevich system Cyrillization of Korean Kontsevich system Category Cyrillic alphabets Category ... more details
In computing , Russification is the Internationalization and localization localization of computers and Software localization software , i.e., making the user interface of a computer and software to communicate in the Russian language and Cyrillic script . Among the problems associated with Russification was absence of a single character encoding standard for Cyrillic script Cyrillic , see Cyrillic script Computer encoding before the advent of Unicode . History of the MS DOS russification The first official Russification of MS DOS was carried out for MS DOS 4.01. In Microsoft , the Russification project manager and one of its main developers was Nickolay Lyubovny . ref Yuri Starikov , http rdos401.org 15 Years of Russian MS DOS 4.01 Ru icon ref ref http www.developers.org.ua archives koldovsky 2007 09 17 yuriy starikov interview Ru icon ref Russification of Microsoft Windows A comprehensive instruction set for computer Russification is maintained by http winrus.com Paul Gorodyansky . It is mirrored in many places and recommended by the U.S. Library of Congress ref http www.loc.gov rr european russify.html Tips on viewing Cyrillic text , U.S. LOC assessed September 28, 2007 ref See also Cyrillization GOST 10859 Romanization of Russian References Reflist External links http porusski.net Modern Online Virtual Keyboard for Russian not just alphabet order http www.incks.com en russian.html Online Keyboard for Russian http softcorporation.com products cyrillic index.html Virtual Russian Online Keyboard with Spellcheck comp sci stub Category User interfaces Category Russian language Category Natural language and computing Russification Category Russian language computing ru ... more details
Korean writing The Kontsevich system Russian language Russian Sistema Kontsevicha for the Cyrillization of the Korean language was created by the Russian scholar Lev Kontsevitch lang ru on the basis of the earlier system designed by Aleksandr Holodovich lang ru . It is currently the main system of transcribing Korean words into the Russian language. Introduction Cyrillization systems for Korean were developed domestically in both North Korea North and South Korea Kontsevich carried out work on the systemisation of these rules. In contrast with some systems of romanization of Korean , the transcription is based primarily on the pronunciation of a word, rather than on its spelling. For example, the tensification of in lang ko is not represented in romanizations, where the word is typically spelled as hanja however, it is represented in the Kontsevich transcription, which spells the word with a double as Hanchcha . Consonants border 1 style text align center Hangul Cyrillic script Cyrillic Romanization of Russian Transcribed BR Cyrillic Revised romanization of Korean RR K g k g k N n T d t d t R l r l M m P b p b p S t s n n ng Ch dzh t j Chh t ch Kh k k Th t t Ph p p H h Kk kk Tt tt Pp pp SS t ss Chch jj Comments The jamo has no transcription in the initial position Basic transcription correspondences are indicated in capital letters Transcriptions in initial position are indicated preceding a single hyphen. Transcriptions in medial position between vowels or after the resonant consonants , , , , and are indicated between two hyphens. Transcriptions in final position are indicated following a single hyphen. Vowels border 1 style text align center Hangul Cyrillic script Cyrillic ... Korean language Category Cyrillization ko ja ru uk ... more details
The list of Russian language topics stores articles on grammar and other language related topics that discuss or should discuss peculiarities of the Russian language as well as of other languages or provide examples from Russian language for these topics. The list complements the category Russian language and does not overlap with it . therefore please DON T ADD articles from this categopry here The &mdash marks articles where the information about Russian language is inadequate or missing. Categories wikibooks False Friends of the Slavist Category Cyrillic alphabets Category Cyrillic letters Category Cyrillization Category Language comparison Category Russian language Articles Expand list date August 2008 Adposition Assimilation linguistics also reasonably covered in Russian phonology Barbarism linguistics Capitalization Clitic Code switching Compound linguistics Consonant mutation Continuous and progressive aspects copula linguistics Copula Cyrillic script Diacritic Diminutive Double negative Expressive loan False cognate Filler linguistics &mdash Foreign language influences in English &mdash Four letter word Frequentative Gemination Gender neutrality in languages with grammatical gender Gobbledygook Grammatical aspect Grammatical cases Accusative case Dative case Genitive case Instrumental case Locative case Nominative case Prepositional case Vocative case Grammatical mood Hypothetical mood Hypocorism Iotation Language game &mdash List of ethnic slurs List of offensive terms per nationality List of etymologies of country subdivision names Malapropism Examples in Russian language Measure word Metasyntactic variable Minimal pair Minced oath &mdash Mondegreen Mojibake Morse code Morse code for Russian language code table, history of design, etc. &mdash Non native pronunciations of English Palatalization Palindrome Pangram List of pangrams Patronymic Paschal greeting Piphilology Placeholder name Kadigan redirects here Phonemes Alveolar trill Sibilant consonant Voicel ... more details
Cyrillic alphabet navbox Heading Cyrillic letter br Zhe with breve Image Image Cyrillic letter Zhe with Breve.svg 120px uuc 04C1 ulc 04C2 Zhe with breve Unicode italics span style font family times, Times New Roman, serif font size larger Unicode span is a letter of the Cyrillic script , created by Soviet linguists for the cyrillization of non Slavic languages . Its form is derived from the Zhe Cyrillic Cyrillic letter Zhe span style font family times, Times New Roman, serif font size larger span . Zhe with breve is used in the alphabets of the following languages class wikitable Language Pronunciation Notes Gagauz language Gagauz IPA d voiced postalveolar affricate , like the pronunciation of j in j am corresponds to c in the Latin alphabet Romanian language Romanian Moldovan language Moldovan IPA d voiced postalveolar affricate , like the pronunciation of j in j am corresponds to g before front vowels in the Latin alphabet Zhe with breve corresponds in other Cyrillic alphabets to the digraph orthography digraphs or , or to the letters Che with descender unicode , Che with vertical stroke Unicode , Dzhe , Khakassian Che Unicode , Zhe with diaeresis Unicode , or Zhje unicode . Computing codes class wikitable style text align right align center align right character colspan 2 colspan 2 align center align right Unicode name colspan 2 small CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER br ZHE WITH BREVE small colspan 2 small CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER br ZHE WITH BREVE small align left character encoding decimal hex decimal hex align left Unicode 1217 04C1 1218 04C2 align left UTF 8 211 129 D3 81 211 130 D3 82 align left Numeric character reference & 1217 & x04C1 & 1218 & x04C2 See also Cyrillic characters in Unicode External links http www.omniglot.com writing gagauz.htm Gagauz language, alphabet and pronunciation http www.omniglot.com writing moldovan.htm Moldovan Cyrillic a ... more details
of the Roman digraph ng digraph ng . is used when Cyrillization of Chinese from pinyin ... h . is used when Cyrillization of Chinese from pinyin cyrillicizing Mandarin Chinese to write ... j. is used when Cyrillization of Chinese from pinyin cyrillicizing Mandarin Chinese to write ... in Dungan language Dungan to write the rhotic vowel IPA all a . is used when Cyrillization ... more details
, developed the cyrillization of Chinese , discovered and published many invaluable manuscripts, including ... Polivanov , linguist, orientalist and polyglot person polyglot , developed the cyrillization of Japanese ... more details
characters romanization of Chinese Cyrillization of Chinese from pinyin Cyrillization of Chinese ... Linear B Greeklish Japanese language Romanization of Japanese Cyrillization of Japanese Korean ... more details
. Transcription of foreign words can be used in Cyrillization Russian transcription of foreign words ... in the Cyrillization of Japanese Russian transcription of Japanese that would appear as yo , kyo ... in the Cyrillization of Chinese from pinyin Russian transcription of the Chinese language , as the syllable ... more details
s. Consonant chart style font family Arial Unicode MS font size 1.2em class wikitable Pinyin Cyrillization of Chinese from pinyin Palladiy Dungan Pinyin Cyrillization of Chinese from pinyin Palladiy Dungan Pinyin Cyrillization of Chinese from pinyin Palladiy Dungan Pinyin Cyrillization of Chinese ... Cyrillization of Chinese Notes reflist General references Svetlana Rimsky Korsakoff Dyer, Soviet Dungan ... more details
Refimprove date July 2009 Distinguish2 the I Latin letter I Cyrillic alphabet navbox Heading Cyrillic Palochka Image Image Cyrylicka litera pa eczka.PNG 120px uuc 04C0 ulc 04CF The palochka or palotchka unicode italics unicode lang rus p pal t k r palochka , literally a stick is a letter of the Cyrillic script . ref name Unicode This letter usually most often has only a capital form, which is also used in lowercase text. The capital form of the palochka often Homoglyph looks like the capital form of the Soft dotted i Cyrillic Cyrillic letter soft dotted I , the capital form of the I Latin letter I I i , and the lowercase form of the L Latin letter L L l . The letter was introduced during the cyrillization of the North Caucasian languages North Caucasian languages in the late 1930s. In order to keep new orthography compatible with Russian typewriter s many new alphabets did not contain any letters distinct from the ones of the Russian alphabet sounds absent in Russian were marked with digraphs and other letter combinations . The palochka was the only exception, and in practice while typewriting the Arabo European digit 1 was used instead. In fact, on Russian typewriters this character did not look like digit 1, but rather as a Roman numerals Roman numeral span style font family Courier,serif I span with serif s. This practice still is common, because the palochka is not present in most standard keyboard layouts and for some of them not even the soft dotted I or common fonts, and so cannot be easily entered or reliably displayed on many computer systems. In the alphabets of the Languages of the Caucasus Caucasian languages Abaza language Abaza , Adyghe language Adyghe , Avar language Avar , Chechen language Chechen , Dargin language Dargwa , Ingush language Ingush , Kabardian language Kabardian , Lak language Lak , Lezgi language Lezgian and Tabassaran language Tabassaran , the palochka has no independent phonetic value, but ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
