D Alembert may refer to Jean le Rond d Alembert the D Alembert operator , named after the former D Alembert crater a lunar crater , also named after the above disambig ... more details
Infobox Planet minorplanet yes width 25em bgcolour FFFFC0 apsis name d Alembert symbol image caption discovery yes discovery ref discoverer Elst, E. W. discovery site La Silla discovered February 13, 1988 designations yes mp name 5956 alt names 1988 CF5 named after Jean le Rond d Alembert mp category orbit ref epoch May 14, 2008 aphelion 3.5002561 perihelion 1.9294561 semimajor eccentricity 0.2892971 period 1633.8742804 avg speed inclination 8.94352 asc node 188.82445 mean anomaly 306.39073 arg peri 182.63918 satellites physical characteristics yes dimensions mass density surface grav escape velocity sidereal day axial tilt pole ecliptic lat pole ecliptic lon albedo temperatures temp name1 mean temp 1 max temp 1 temp name2 max temp 2 spectral type abs magnitude 12.7 5956 d Alembert 1988 CF5 is a Asteroid belt main belt asteroid discovered on February 13, 1988 by Elst, E. W. at La Silla . External links http ssd.jpl.nasa.gov sbdb.cgi?sstr 5956 d 27Alembert JPL Small Body Database Browser on 5956 d Alembert MinorPlanets Navigator 5955 Khromchenko 5957 Irina MinorPlanets Footer DEFAULTSORT d Alembert Category Main Belt asteroids Category Asteroids named for people Category Discoveries by Eric Walter Elst Category Astronomical objects discovered in 1988 beltasteroid stub fa it 5956 d Alembert la 5956 d Alembert hu 5956 d Alembert pl 5956 d Alembert pt 5956 d Alembert uk 5956 vi 5956 d Alembert yo 5956 d Alembert ... more details
lunar crater data latitude 50.8 N or S N longitude 163.9 E or W E diameter 248 km depth Unknown colong 201 eponym Jean le Rond d Alembert Jean d Alembert D Alembert is a large Moon lunar impact crater located in the northern hemisphere on the Far side Moon far side of the Moon , to the northeast of the somewhat smaller walled plain Campbell lunar crater Campbell . Astride the southwest rim of D Alembert is Slipher lunar crater Slipher . To the north is the crater Yamamoto crater Yamamoto , and to the south southwest lies Langevin crater Langevin . This walled plain has the same diameter as Clavius crater Clavius on the near side, making it one of the largest such formations on the Moon. As with many lunar walled plains of comparable dimensions, the outer rim of this formation has been worn and battered by subsequent impacts. Besides Slipher, the most notable of these craters is D Alembert Z intruding into the northern rim. There is also a small crater on the northwest inner wall that has a wide cleft in its eastern side, and a smaller crater along the southeastern inner wall. As eroded as the rim may be, its form can still be readily discerned as a roughly circular ridge line in the lunar terrain. The interior floor of D Alembert is a relatively level surface, at least in comparison with the rough terrain that surrounds the crater rim. It is marked with a number of small crater impacts, the largest being D Alembert G and D Alembert E toward the eastern rim. In the southwest, the floor is more irregular due to the outer wikt rampart rampart and layers of ejecta from Slipher. A pair of shallow clefts in the floor surface radiate away from this crater, beginning near the mid point of D Alembert and reaching half way toward the inner wall. Satellite craters By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater mid point that is closest to D Alembert. class wikitable width 25 style background eeeeee D Alembert width 25 ... more details
The Family D Alembert series is a set of science fiction novels by Stephen Goldin , the first of which was expanded from a novella by E E Doc Smith E. E. Doc Smith . Plot Jules and Yvette D Alembert are a brother and sister team of aerialists in the D Alembert family Circus of the Empire and also work as agents in SOTE, The Service of The Empire , the imperial intelligence agency. Series The series comprises the following books Imperial Stars 1976 Stranglers Moon 1976 The Clockwork Traitor 1976 Getaway World 1977 Appointment at Bloodstar , also known as The Bloodstar Conspiracy 1978 The Purity Plot 1978 Planet of Treachery 1981 Eclipsing Binaries 1983 The Omicron Invasion 1984 Revolt of the Galaxy 1985 Category Science fiction book series ... more details
Classical mechanics cTopic Fundamental concepts Image Alembert.jpg thumb right Jean d Alembert D Alembert s principle , also known as the Lagrange d Alembert principle , is a statement of the fundamental classical physics classical laws of motion. It is named after its discoverer, the France French physicist and mathematician Jean le Rond d Alembert . The principle states that the sum of the differences between the force s acting on a system and the time derivative s of the momentum momenta of the system itself along any virtual displacement consistent with the constraints of the system, is zero. Thus, in symbols d Alembert s principle is written as following, math sum i mathbf F i m i mathbf a i cdot delta mathbf r i 0, math where math i math is an integer used to indicate via subscript a variable corresponding to a particular particle in the system, math mathbf F i math is the total applied force excluding constraint forces on the math i math th particle, math m i scriptstyle math is the mass of the math i math th particle, math mathbf a i math is the acceleration of the math i math th particle, math m i mathbf a i math together as product represents the time derivative of the momentum of the math i math th particle, and math delta mathbf r i math is the virtual displacement of the math i math th particle, consistent with the constraints. It is the dynamic analogue to the principle of virtual work for applied forces in a static system and in fact is more general than Hamilton s principle , avoiding restriction to holonomic systems. ref name Lanczos cite book title The variational principles of mechanics author Cornelius Lanczos page 92 edition 4rth Edition publisher Dover Publications Inc. location New York isbn 0 486 65067 7 year 1970 url http books.google.com books?id ZWoYYr8wk2IC&pg PA92&dq 22d 27Alembert 27s principle 22 ref A holonomic constraint depends only on the coordinates and time. It does not depend on the velocities. If the negative terms in acc ... more details
In special relativity , electromagnetism and Wave wave theory , the d Alembert operator represented by a box math scriptstyle Box math , also called the d Alembertian or the wave operator , is the Laplace operator of Minkowski space . The operator is named for French mathematician and physicist Jean le Rond d Alembert . In Minkowski space in standard coordinates t , x , y , z it has the form math begin align Box & partial mu partial mu g mu nu partial nu partial mu frac 1 c 2 frac partial 2 partial t 2 frac partial 2 partial x 2 frac partial 2 partial y 2 frac partial 2 partial z 2 & frac 1 c 2 partial 2 over partial t 2 nabla 2 frac 1 c 2 partial 2 over partial t 2 Delta. end align math Here math scriptstyle g mu nu math is the inverse Minkowski metric with math scriptstyle g 00 , , 1 math , math scriptstyle g 11 , , g 22 , , g 33 , , 1 math , math scriptstyle g mu nu , , 0 math for math scriptstyle mu , neq , nu math . Note that the and summation indices range from 0 to 3 see Einstein notation . We have assumed units such that the speed of light math scriptstyle c , , 1 math . Some authors also use the negative metric signature of with math scriptstyle eta 00 , , 1, eta 11 , , eta 22 , , eta 33 , , 1 math . Lorentz transformation s leave the Minkowski metric invariant, so the d Alembertian is a Lorentz scalar . The above coordinate expressions remain valid for the standard coordinates in every inertial frame. Alternate notations There are a variety of notations for the d Alembertian. The most common is the symbol math scriptstyle Box math the four sides of the box representing the four dimensions of space time and the math scriptstyle Box 2 math which emphasizes the scalar property through the squared term much like the Laplacian . This symbol is sometimes called the quabla cf . nabla symbol . In keeping with the triangular notation for the Laplacian sometimes math scriptstyle Delta M math is used. Another way to write the d Alembertian in flat ... more details
In fluid dynamics , d Alembert s paradox or the hydrodynamic paradox is a contradiction reached in 1752 by French mathematician Jean le Rond d Alembert . ref Jean Le Rond d Alembert 1752 . ref D Alembert proved that for incompressible and viscosity inviscid potential flow the drag physics drag force is zero on a body moving with constant velocity relative to the fluid . ref name Grimberg2008 Grimberg, Pauls & Frisch 2008 . ref Zero drag is in direct contradiction to the observation of substantial drag on bodies moving relative to fluids, such as air and water especially at high velocities corresponding with high Reynolds number s. It is a particular example of the reversibility paradox ref cite book last Falkovich first G. title Fluid Mechanics, a short course for physicists url http www.cambridge.org gb knowledge isbn item6173728 ?site locale en GB page 32 publisher Cambridge University Press year 2011 isbn 978 1 107 00575 4 ref . D Alembert, working on a 1749 Prize Problem of the Berlin Academy on flow drag, concluded It seems to me that the theory potential flow , developed in all possible rigor, gives, at least in several cases, a strictly vanishing resistance, a singular paradox which I leave to future Geometer s to elucidate . ref Reprinted in Jean le Rond d Alembert 1768 . ref A physical paradox indicates flaws in the theory. Fluid mechanics was thus discredited by engineers from the start, which resulted in an unfortunate split between the field of hydraulics , observing phenomena which could not be explained, and theoretical fluid mechanics explaining phenomena which could not be observed in the words of the Chemistry Nobel Laureate Cyril Norman Hinshelwood Sir Cyril Hinshelwood . ref Citation author M.J. Lighthill authorlink James Lighthill title Physics of gas flow at very high speeds journal Nature volume 178 page 343 year 1956 doi 10.1038 178343a0 bibcode 1956Natur.178..343. issue 4529 Report on a conference. ref According to scientific consensus , the ... more details
lowercase d Alembert Euler condition In mathematics and physics , especially the study of mechanics and fluid dynamics , the d Alembert Euler condition is a requirement that the Streamlines, streaklines and pathlines streaklines of a flow are irrotational . Let x x X , t be the coordinates of the point x into which X is carried at time t by a fluid flow. Let math ddot mathbf x frac D 2 mathbf x Dt math be the second material derivative of x . Then the d Alembert Euler condition is math mathrm curl mathbf x mathbf 0 . , math The d Alembert Euler condition is named for Jean le Rond d Alembert and Leonhard Euler who independently first described its use in the mid 18th century. It is not to be confused with the Cauchy Riemann equations Cauchy Riemann conditions . References cite book last Truesdell first Clifford A. authorlink Clifford Truesdell title The Kinematics of Vorticity year 1954 publisher Indiana University Press location Bloomington, IN See sections 45 48. http eom.springer.de c c020970.htm d Alembert Euler conditions on the Springer Encyclopedia of Mathematics DEFAULTSORT D alembert Euler Condition Category Fluid mechanics Category Mechanical engineering Category Vector calculus bs D Alembert Eulerov uslov ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2011 infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name D Alembert s Dream title orig Le R ve de d Alembert translator image prefer 1st edition image caption author Denis Diderot illustrator cover artist country France language French language French series genre publisher release date 1830 english release date media type pages isbn D Alembert s Dream lang fr Le R ve de d Alembert is an ensemble of three philosophical dialogues authored by Denis Diderot in 1769 and published in 1830 Conversation between d Alembert and Diderot D Alembert s Dream Continuation of the Conversation between d Alembert and Diderot In this work, Diderot is at the zenith of his development of materialism materialist theories. It is here that he introduces his theory on life and nature, indicating that matter is not fixed but that, on the contrary, subject to evolution . Each species in existence transforms itself and gives birth to a new species. He would later create a special version for his patroness, Catherine the Great Catherine II of Russia, replacing the certain character names. Both Julie de Lespinasse and D Alembert took poorly to being used as protagonists of the conversations. External links http records.viu.ca johnstoi diderot revedalembert tofc.htm Denis Diderot R ve d Alembert French and English texts Denis Diderot DEFAULTSORT Reve De Dalembert Category 1769 novels Category 1830 novels Category Novels by Denis Diderot 19thC novel stub fr Le R ve de D Alembert ... more details
The Formula may refer to The Formula 1980 film The Formula 1980 film , a mystery film The Formula 2002 film The Formula 2002 film , a fan film The Formula song , a single by The D.O.C. from the album No One Can Do It Better The Formula album The Formula album , a 2008 collaborative album by Buckshot and 9th Wonder disambiguation ... more details
Letter to D Alembert on the Theatre 1758 Lettre a M. d Alembert sur les Spectacles is an essay written by Jean Jacques Rousseau in opposition to an article published in the Encyclop die by Jean d Alembert , that proposed the establishment of a theatre in Geneva . More generally, it is a critical analysis of the effects of culture on morals, that clarifies the links between politics and social life. ref name fermon cite book title Domesticating Passions Rousseau, Woman, and Nation last Fermon first Nicole year 1997 publisher Wesleyan University Press location Hanover isbn 9780819563057 ref Rousseau relates the issue of a theatre in Geneva to the broader social context, warning of the potential the theatre has to corrupt the morality in society. ref name dent cite book title A Rousseau Dictionary last Dent first Nicholas year 1992 publisher Blackwell Publishers location Oxford isbn 9780631175698 ref The Letter is considered to be highly personally relevant to Rousseau, whose patriotism and affinity for Geneva shows through as he writes to defend his country from moral decay. By focusing on his belief in the natural order and harmony of traditional sex roles and community, Rousseau writes to convince d Alembert , and the public of Geneva , that a theatre is a threat to an ideal, natural way of life. ref name grimsley cite book title Jean Jacques Rousseau last Grimsley first Ronald year 1983 publisher The Harvester Press location Sussex isbn 9780389203780 ref Historical context Rousseau generally opposed the Age of Enlightenment Enlightenment thrust that was occurring during his lifetime. He sought to distance himself philosophically from the views that the universal use of reason, science, uninhibited freedom of thought, and increasing appreciation for the fine arts would make society a better place. Rousseau is often characterized as the Father of Romanticism , as he opposed Modernity and the Age of Enlightenment Enlightenment and glorified the heroic ethos of ancient ... more details
other uses In mathematics , a formula is an entity constructed using the symbols and formation rules of a given logical language. In science , a specific formula is a concise way of expressing information symbolically as in a mathematical or chemical formula . The plural of formula can be spelled either ... formula . ref The informal use of the term formula in science refers to the general construct of a relationship ... but, having done this once, mathematicians can produce a formula to describe the volume in terms of some other parameter the radius for example . This particular formula is math V frac 4 3 pi r 3 ... as single letters. This convention, while less important in a relatively simple formula, means ... however, formulae form the basis for all calculations. In computing In computing , a formula typically describes a calculation , such as addition, to be performed on one or more variables. A formula ... Celsius 5 9 Degrees Fahrenheit 32 In computer spreadsheet software, a formula indicating ... as the product of a number and a Units of measurement physical unit . A formula expresses a relationship between physical quantities. A necessary condition for a formula to be valid is that all terms Dimensional analysis Commensurability have the same dimension , meaning every term in the formula ... is used in the computation. This requires that the universal formula be converted to a formula ... to users of the input and the output of the formula. For example suppose the formula is to require ... of units and VOL is the name for the number used by the computer. Similarly, the formula is to require math r equiv mathrm RAD bold cm math . The derivation of the formula proceeds as math mathrm ... math , the formula with prescribed units is math mathrm VOL 0.2933 mathrm RAD 3. math The formula is not complete ... words are VOL is the ratio of math V math to tbsp and RAD is the ratio of math r math to cm . The formula ... as in the original dimensional formula math V 0.2833 r 3. math and the accompanying words could be where ... more details
Arthur&ndash Selberg trace formula Arthur&ndash Selberg trace formula Invariant trace formula Arthur&ndash Selberg trace formula Jacquet s relative trace formula Kuznetsov trace formula Local trace formula Petersson trace formula Selberg trace formula Arthur&ndash Selberg trace formula Simple trace formula Arthur&ndash Selberg trace formula Stable trace formula mathdab ... more details
Formula C may refer to Formula C karting , a defunct 125 cc karting class Formula C SCCA , the predecessor to the Formula Continental SCCA racing class disambig ... more details
wiktionary formula A formula , in mathematics, is an entity constructed using the symbols and formation rules of a given logical language. Formula may also refer to Formula album Formula album , by OLD Chemical formula , an expression of the contents of a chemical compound Infant formula , a food for infants Trinitarian formula , a Biblical phrase Well formed formula , a word that is part of a formal language, in mathematical logic Formula Boats Formula fiction , literature following a predictable form Formula language , a Lotus Notes programming language Formula racing , a type of motorsport Bill of materials A concept in the theory of oral formulaic composition , related to oral poetry A type of ritual in Roman law See also The Formula disambiguation lookfrom formula intitle formula disambiguation ca F rmula cs Formule da Formel de Formel Begriffskl rung es F rmula fr Formule gl F rmula hom nimos io Formulo homonimo he lv Formula nl Formule ja ru sk Formula ... more details
In mathematics , Green formula may refer to Green s identities in vector calculus the Green formula for the Green measure in stochastic analysis . mathdab ... more details
In mathematics, the Poisson formula , named after Sim on Denis Poisson , may refer to Poisson distribution in probability Poisson summation formula in Fourier analysis Poisson kernel in complex or harmonic analysis Poisson Jensen formula in complex analysis mathdab ... more details
Lagrange s formula may refer to a number of results named after Joseph Louis Lagrange Lagrange interpolation formula Lagrange B rmann formula Triple product Vector triple product Vector triple product Mean value theorem Mathdab ... more details
Formula is a boat brand owned by Thunderbird Products . Formula was originally a company founded by Don Aronow in 1962 in Miami, Florida . The first successful model was the original 233 Deep V hull. Formula was purchased by Alliance Machine and Foundry in 1964, later combined with Thunderbird Products, and then sold to Fuqua Industries as Thunderbird Formula in 1969. Vic Porter purchased Thunderbird Formula from Fuqua in 1976. Porter and his children still own and operate the company today. Formula is now the brand of boats sold, and Thunderbird is the company name itself. Formula boats are known for their racing heritage a Formula boat won the American Power Boat Association World Championships in both 2000 and 2003. External references http www.formulaboats.com Formula Boats Category American boat builders ... more details
Dougall s formula for the sum of a generalized hypergeometric function sub 7 sub F sub 6 sub hypergeometric series Dougall s formula for the sum of a bilateral hypergeometric series mathdab Category Hypergeometric functions ... more details
The diagonal formula can refer to some geometric method see Polygon entry The formula developed by Aumann and Shapley to construct a Shapley value for non atomic games with a continuum of players Category Disambiguation pages ... more details
refimprove date August 2007 Infobox motorsport championship logo Formula Nippon.png pixels 150px caption ... http www.f nippon.co.jp fn race 2009 09entrant index.shtml 2009 Entry List Formula NIPPON ... TOM S current season 2011 Formula Nippon season website http www.f nippon.co.jp Formula Nippon Official Website Formula Nippon is a type of formula racing and the top level of single seater racing in Japan . Formula Nippon evolved from the Japanese Formula Two Formula 2000 series begun in 1973 by way of the Japanese Formula Two and Japanese Formula 3000 championships. For the most part, the Japanese ..., but there have been some important exceptions. History When European Formula 2 ended in 1984, its Japanese counterpart did not follow suit, continuing to use Formula 2 regulations with almost exclusively 2.0 L Honda engines for another three years, finally switching to the open Formula 3000 ... the International Formula 3000 series became a one make format to lower costs. The Japanese Formula broke away at this time, and made it official by changing the series name to Formula Nippon. Until recently, Formula Nippon was an open formula, where a variety of chassis builders and engine manufacturers ... were found in the Formula 3000 era . However, with the bankruptcy of Reynard in 2002, and the withdrawal of G Force a year earlier, Formula Nippon once again followed F3000 s lead in becoming a one make series. Formula Nippon cars are now all Lola B03 50 chassis powered by Mugen Honda engines however, unlike F3000, engines in Formula Nippon are open tuned by private companies. In 2006 Formula ... by a new Lola FN06 chassis, while the engine formula underwent drastic revision. Blocks were provided ... regulations, Formula Nippon remains a national series, with second tier status compared to the pan European GP2 Series and its predecessor Formula 3000. While foreign drivers have always been regular participants in Formula Nippon, these are very often second string drivers who had difficulty in finding ... more details
Formula 3000 was a type of Open wheel car open wheel, single seater formula racing , occupying the tier immediately below Formula One and above Formula Three . It was named for the fact that the cars were powered by 3000 cc engines. Formula 3000 championships FIA International Formula 3000 Championship main International Formula 3000 The most prestigious F3000 series, International Formula 3000 , was introduced by the F d ration Internationale de l Automobile FIA in 1985 to replace Formula Two , and was itself replaced by the GP2 Series in 2005. While the International series is usually synonym with F3000, other series racing to F3000 specification have existed. British Formula 3000 F2 Championship main British Formula 3000 A small British Formula 3000 series ran for several years in the late 1980s and early 1990s, usually using year old cars. Founded in 1989 as the British Formula 3000 Championship, the series was renamed the British Formula Two Championship in 1992, but grids diminished ... F3000 racing in the UK failed. Euro Formula 3000 Euroseries 3000 main Auto GP An Italian series evolved into a second level one, Auto GP Euro Formula 3000 now Euroseries 3000 , running the previous ... turning to Lolas some years later. Japanese F3000 Formula Nippon main Formula Nippon Japan persisted with Formula Two rules for a couple of years after the demise of F2 in Europe, but then adopted basically ... this series, and was also competitive in European F3000. Japanese F3000 was renamed Formula Nippon in 1996, and completely split off from European racing in 2009 with the new Swift chassis. Formula Holden Formula 4000 main Formula Holden In Australia Formula 4000 continued to use old F3000 chassis predominantly Reynard until 2006, as had its predecessors Formula Brabham and Formula Holden. Class of Auto racing Category Racing formulas 3000 Category Formula 3000 Category 1985 establishments de Formel 3000 id Formula 3000 simple Formula 3000 ... more details
A formula game is an artificial game represented by a True quantified Boolean formula fully quantified Boolean formula . Players turns alternate and the space of possible moves is denoted by bound variables . If a variable is Universal quantification universally quantified , the formula following it has the same truth value as the formula beginning with the universal quantifier regardless of the move taken. If a variable is Existential quantification existentially quantified , the formula following it has the same truth value as the formula beginning with the existential quantifier for at least one move available at the turn. Turns alternate, and a player loses if he cannot move at his turn. In computational complexity theory, the language FORMULA GAME is defined as all formulas math Phi math such that Player 1 has a winning strategy in the game represented by math Phi math . FORMULA GAME is PSPACE complete . References Sipser, Michael. 2006 . Introduction to the Theory of Computation . Boston Thomson Course Technology. Category Satisfiability problems Category Boolean algebra Category PSPACE complete problems comp sci stub ... more details
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