DISPLAYTITLE small D small Galacturonicacid chembox verifiedrevid 443555791 Name small D small Galacturonicacid ImageFile Galacturonic acid.png ImageSize 180px IUPACName 2S,3R,4S,5R 2,3,4,5 Tetrahydroxy 6 oxo hexanoic acid OtherNames Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 76444 InChI 1 C6H10O7 c7 1 2 8 4 5 10 11 13 6 12 3 1 9 h1 4,6 9,12H, H,10,11 t1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ,6? m0 s1 InChIKey AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ YMDCURPLBW InChI1 1 C6H10O7 c7 1 2 8 3 9 4 10 5 11 6 12 13 h1 5,8 11H, H,12,13 t2 ,3 ,4 ,5 m0 s1 InChIKey1 IAJILQKETJEXLJ RSJOWCBRBL SMILES1 O C C H O C H O C H O C H O C O O StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C6H10O7 c7 1 2 8 3 9 4 10 5 11 6 12 13 h1 5,8 11H, H,12,13 t2 ,3 ,4 ,5 m0 s1 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey IAJILQKETJEXLJ RSJOWCBRSA N CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CASNo 685 73 4 EINECS 211 682 6 PubChem 84740 ChEBI Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEBI 47962 SMILES O C O C H 1OC O C H O C H O C H 1O Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 6 sub H sub 10 sub O sub 7 sub MolarMass 194.139 Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition DGalacturonicacid is a sugar acid, an oxidized form of galactose small D small galactose . It is the main component of pectin , in which it exists as the polymer polygalacturonic acid . It has an aldehyde group at C1 and a carboxylic acid group at C6. Other oxidized forms of small D small galactose are small D small galactonic acid carboxylic group at C1 and meso galactaric acid mucic acid carboxylic groups at C1 and C6 . It is also a uronic acid or hexuronic acid. Naturally occurring uronic acids are small D small glucuronic acid , small D small galacturonicacid, small L small iduronic acid and small D small mannuronic acid . DEFAULTSORT Galacturonicacid, D Category Sugar acids az Qalakturon tur usu bg ca cid galactur nic de Galacturons ure es cido galactur nico ... more details
enzyme Name D amino acid oxidase EC number 1.4.3.3 CAS number 9000 88 8 IUBMB EC number 1 4 3 3 GO code 0003884 image width caption protein Name D amino acid oxidase caption image 1c0p DAAO dimer.jpg width HGNCid 2671 Symbol DAO DAAO AltSymbols EntrezGene 1610 OMIM 124050 RefSeq NM 001917 UniProt P14920 PDB ECnumber 1.4.3.3 Chromosome 12 Arm q Band 24 LocusSupplementaryData D amino acid oxidase DAAO also DAO, OXDA, DAMOX is a peroxisomal enzyme containing FAD as cofactor that is expressed in a wide range of species from yeasts to human. ref name pmid17396222 cite journal author Pollegioni L, Piubelli L, Sacchi S, Pilone MS, Molla G title Physiological functions of D amino acid oxidases from yeast to humans journal Cell. Mol. Life Sci. volume 64 issue 11 pages 1373 94 year 2007 month June pmid 17396222 doi 10.1007 s00018 007 6558 4 url ref It is not present in bacteria or in plants. Its function is to oxidize D amino acids to the corresponding imino acid s, producing ammonia and hydrogen peroxide . This enzyme belongs to the FAD dependent oxidoreductase family , and acts on the CH NH2 group of D amino acid donors with oxygen as acceptor. The enzyme is most active toward neutral D amino acids, and not active toward acidic D amino acids. Recently, mammalian D amino acid oxidase has been connected to the brain D serine metabolism and to the regulation of the glutamatergic neurotransmission ... R title Increased brain d amino acid oxidase DAAO activity in schizophrenia journal Schizophr ... D amino acid solutions and as the biolocical component in several biosensors. This protein may use ... j.abb.2011.11.020 ref See also D amino acid oxidase activator D amino acid dehydrogenase D aspartate oxidase External links MeshName D Amino Acid Oxidase http www.calzyme.com commerce catalog spcategory.jsp ... Category EC 1.4.3 Category Flavin enzymes it D amminoacido ossidasi ja D ru D ... more details
D amino acid dehydrogenase EC 1.4.99.1 is a bacteria l enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of amino acidD amino acids into their corresponding ketoacid oxoacids . It contains both Flavin group flavin and nonheme iron as cofactors. ref name Olsiewski cite journal author Olsiewski PJ, Kaczorowski GJ, Walsh C title Purification and properties of D amino acid dehydrogenase, an inducible membrane bound iron sulfur flavoenzyme from Escherichia coli B journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 255 issue 10 pages 4487 94 date 25 May 1980 pmid 6102989 url http www.jbc.org cgi reprint 255 10 4487 ref The enzyme has a very broad specificity and can act on most D amino acids. ref cite journal author Tsukada K title D amino acid dehydrogenases of Pseudomonas fluorescens journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 241 issue 19 pages 4522 8 date 10 October 1966 pmid 5925166 url http www.jbc.org cgi reprint 241 19 4522 ref D amino acid H sub 2 sub O acceptor a 2 oxo acid NH sub 3 sub reduced acceptor This reaction is distinct from the oxidation reaction catalysed by D amino acid oxidase that uses oxygen as a second substrate, as the dehydrogenase can use many different compounds as electron acceptors, with the physiological substrate being coenzyme Q . ref name Olsiewski ref cite journal author Jones H, Venables WA title Effects of solubilisation on some properties of the membrane bound respiratory enzyme D amino acid dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli journal FEBS Lett. volume 151 issue 2 pages 189 92 year 1983 pmid 6131836 doi 10.1016 0014 5793 83 80066 0 ref See also Oxidative phosphorylation Electron transport chain Microbial metabolism References Reflist External links http www.brenda enzymes.org php result flat.php4 ... 1.4.99.1 CH NH2 oxidoreductases Electron transport chain Cellular respiration DEFAULTSORT D Amino Acid Dehydrogenase Category Cellular respiration Category Metabolism Category EC 1.4 Enzyme stub metabolism stub it D amminoacido deidrogenasi ja D ... more details
1955 title D Amino acid transamination in bacillus anthracis journal J. Bacteriol. volume 70 pages ... K date 1973 title Occurrence of D amino acid aminotransferase in pea seedlings journal Biochem ... X issue 3 cite journal author Yonaha K, Misono H, Yamamoto T, Soda K date 1975 title D amino acid aminotransferase ... S, Tanaka H, Soda K date 1989 title Thermostable D amino acid aminotransferase from a thermophilic ..., Bledig SA, Taylor PP date 1998 title Characterization of the genes encoding D amino acid transaminase and glutamate racemase, two D glutamate biosynthetic enzymes of Bacillus sphaericus ATCC 10208 journal ... S, Petsko GA, Manning JM, Soda K, Ringe D date 1995 title Crystal structure of a D amino acid aminotransferase ...enzyme Name D alanine transaminase EC number 2.6.1.21 CAS number 37277 85 3 IUBMB EC number 2 6 1 21 GO code 0047810 image width caption In enzymology , a D amino acid transaminase EC number 2.6.1.21 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction D alanine 2 oxoglutarate math rightleftharpoons math pyruvate D glutamate Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are D alanine and 2 oxoglutarate , whereas its two product chemistry products are pyruvate and D glutamate ... nitrogenous groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is D alanine 2 oxoglutarate aminotransferase . Other names in common use include D aspartate transaminase , D alanine aminotransferase , D aspartic aminotransferase , D alanine D glutamate transaminase , D alanine transaminase , and D amino acid aminotransferase . This enzyme participates in 6 metabolism metabolic pathways lysine degradation , arginine and proline metabolism , phenylalanine metabolism , d arginine and d ornithine metabolism , d alanine metabolism , and peptidoglycan biosynthesis . It employs one cofactor biochemistry ... RD date 1955 title Transamination of D amino acids by Bacillus subtilis journal J. Bacteriol. volume ... 1965 title D Alanine D glutamate transaminase. I. Purification and characterization journal J. Biol ... more details
enzyme Name D amino acid N acetyltransferase EC number 2.3.1.36 CAS number 37257 15 1 IUBMB EC number 2 3 1 36 GO code 0047812 image width caption In enzymology , a D amino acid N acetyltransferase EC number 2.3.1.36 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction acetyl CoA a D amino acid math rightleftharpoons math CoA an N acetyl D amino acid Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are acetyl CoA and D amino acid , whereas its two product chemistry products are coenzyme A CoA and N acetyl D amino acid . This enzyme belongs to the family of transferase s, specifically those acyltransferase s transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl CoA D amino acid N acetyltransferase . Other names in common use include D amino acid acetyltransferase , and D amino acid alpha N acetyltransferase . This enzyme participates in phenylalanine metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Zenk MH and Schmitt J date 1965 title Reinigung und Eigenschaften von Acetyl CoA D Aminosaure alpha N Acetyltransferase aus Hefe journal Biochem. Z. volume 342 pages 54&ndash 65 transferase stub Category EC 2.3.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure it D amminoacido N acetiltransferasi ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE 3 Deoxy small D small manno oct 2 ulosonic acid chembox verifiedrevid 443318227 Name 3 Deoxy small D small manno oct 2 ulosonic acid ImageFile 3 Deoxy D manno oct 2 ulosonic acid linear.png ImageSize 200px IUPACName 4 R ,5 R ,6 R ,7 R 4,5,6,7,8 pentahydroxy 2 oxooctanoic acid OtherNames 2 Oxo 3 deoxy small D small mannooctonic acid 2 Keto 3 Deoxy small D small manno octonate 2 Keto 3 deoxy small D small mannooctanoic acid 3 Deoxy small D small manno 2 octulosonic acid 3 Deoxy small D small manno octulosonic acid Section1 Chembox Identifiers Abbreviations D KDO KDO dOclA ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 106511 InChI 1 C8H14O8 c9 2 5 12 7 14 6 13 3 10 1 4 11 8 15 16 h3,5 7,9 10,12 14H,1 2H2, H,15,16 t3 ,5 ,6 ,7 m1 s1 InChIKey KYQCXUMVJGMDNG SHUUEZRQBC SMILES1 O C O C O C C H O C H O C H O C H O CO StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C8H14O8 c9 2 5 12 7 14 6 13 3 10 1 4 11 8 15 16 h3,5 7,9 10,12 14H,1 2H2, H,15,16 t3 ,5 ,6 ,7 m1 s1 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey KYQCXUMVJGMDNG SHUUEZRQSA N CASNo 10149 14 1 CASOther linear form PubChem 445569 ChEBI Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEBI 32817 SMILES O C ... coli. III. The isolation and characterization of 3 deoxyoctulosonic acid journal Journal of Biological Chemistry year 1966 volume 241 issue 13 pages 3207 15 pmid 4287911 ref The small D small manno prefix indicates that four chiral centers have the same configuration as small D small mannose . Image 3 Deoxy D manno oct 2 ulosonic acid.svg 400px thumb left The cyclization of 3 deoxy small D small manno oct 2 ulosonic acid to the &beta anomer . The chiral centers are indicated by asterisks. clear left References reflist DEFAULTSORT Deoxy D manno oct 2 ulosonic acid, 3 Category Sugar acids organic ... BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition 3 Deoxy small D small manno oct 2 ulosonic acid or KDO is an ulosonic acid of a octose 2 ketooctose which is used by bacteria ... more details
enzyme Name N carbamoyl D amino acid hydrolase EC number 3.5.1.77 CAS number 71768 08 6 IUBMB EC number 3 5 1 77 GO code 0047417 image width caption In enzymology , a N carbamoyl D amino acid hydrolase EC number 3.5.1.77 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction N carbamoyl D amino acid H sub 2 sub O math rightleftharpoons math D amino acid NH sub 3 sub CO sub 2 sub Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are N carbamoyl D amino acid and water H sub 2 sub O , whereas its 3 product chemistry products are D amino acid , ammonia NH sub 3 sub , and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolase s, those acting on carbon nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amides. The systematic name of this enzyme class is . Structural studies As of late 2007, 7 tertiary structure structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with Protein Data Bank PDB accession codes PDB link 1ERZ , PDB link 1UF4 , PDB link 1UF5 , PDB link 1UF7 , PDB link 1UF8 , PDB link 2GGK , and PDB link 2GGL . References reflist 1 cite journal author Ogawa J, Shimizu S, Yamada H date 1993 title N carbamoyl D amino acid amidohydrolase from Comamonas sp. E222c purification and characterization journal Eur. J. Biochem. volume 212 pages 685&ndash 91 pmid 8462543 doi 10.1111 j.1432 1033.1993.tb17706.x issue 3 hydrolase stub Category EC 3.5.1 Category Enzymes of known structure ... more details
enzyme Name N acyl D amino acid deacylase EC number 3.5.1.81 CAS number 65979 42 2 IUBMB EC number 3 5 1 81 GO code 0047420 image width caption In enzymology , a N acyl D amino acid deacylase EC number 3.5.1.81 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction N acyl D amino acid H sub 2 sub O math rightleftharpoons math an acidD amino acid Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are N acyl D amino acid and water H sub 2 sub O , whereas its two product chemistry products are acid and D amino acid . This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolase s, those acting on carbon nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amides. The systematic name of this enzyme class is N acyl D amino acid amidohydrolase . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , zinc . Structural studies As of late 2007, 8 tertiary structure structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with Protein Data Bank PDB accession codes PDB link 1M7J , PDB link 1RJP , PDB link 1RJQ , PDB link 1RJR , PDB link 1RK5 , PDB link 1RK6 , PDB link 1V4Y , and PDB link 1V51 . References reflist 1 cite journal author Wakayama M, Katsuno Y, Hayashi S, Miyamoto Y, Sakai K, Moriguchi M year 1995 title Cloning and sequencing of a gene encoding D aminoacylase from Alcaligenes xylosoxydans subsp. xylosoxydans A 6 and expression of the gene in Escherichia coli journal Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. volume 59 pages 2115&ndash 9 pmid 8541651 doi 10.1271 bbb.59.2115 issue 11 cite journal author Wakayama M, Hayashi S, Yatsuda Y, Katsuno Y, Sakai K, Moriguchi M year 1996 title Overproduction of D aminoacylase from Alcaligenes xylosoxydans subsp. xylosoxydans A 6 in Escherichia coli and its purification journal Protein. Expr. Purif. volume 7 pages 395&ndash 9 pmid 8776758 doi 10.1006 prep.1996.0059 issue 4 Category EC 3.5.1 Category Zinc enzymes Category Enzymes of known structure hydrolase stub ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE N Methyl small D small aspartic acid Chembox Watchedfields changed verifiedrevid 312363528 Name N Methyl small D small aspartic acid ImageFile NMDA.svg ImageFile Ref chemboximage correct ?? ImageSize 160 ImageName Stereo, skeletal formula of N methyl D aspartic acid ImageFileL1 NMDA2.png ImageFileL1 Ref chemboximage correct ?? ImageNameL1 Ball and stick model of N methyl D aspartic acid ImageFileR1 NMDA spacefill.png ImageFileR1 Ref chemboximage correct ?? ImageNameR1 Spacefill model of N methyl D aspartic acid IUPACName 2 R 2 Methylamino butanedioic acid ref Cite web title N Methylaspartate Compound Summary url http pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov summary summary.cgi?cid 22880&loc ec rcs work PubChem Compound publisher National Center for Biotechnology Information accessdate 9 January 2012 location USA date 24 June 2005 at Identification and Related Records ref Section1 Chembox Identifiers Abbreviations NMDA Citation needed date January 2012 CASNo 6384 92 5 CASNo Ref cascite correct ?? PubChem 22880 PubChem Ref Pubchemcite correct Pubchem ChemSpiderID 21436 ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider KEGG C12269 KEGG Ref keggcite correct kegg MeSHName N Methylaspartate ChEBI 31882 ChEBI Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEMBL 291278 ChEMBL Ref ebicite correct EBI RTECS CI9457000 ... 25 LD50 137 mg kg sup 1 sup intraperitoneal, mouse N Methyl small D small aspartic acid or N Methyl small D small aspartate NMDA is an amino acid derivative which acts as a specific agonist at the NMDA ... . Glutamate receptor ligands DEFAULTSORT Methyl D Aspartic Acid, N Category Neurotransmitters Category Dicarboxylic acids Category Amino acid derivatives ca cid N metil D asp rtic cs NMDA fa fr NMDA nl N methyl D asparaginezuur ja N D pl Kwas N metylo D asparaginowy pt NMDA sr N metil D aspartinska kiselina fi NMDA tr N metil D aspartik asit ... acid the latter is the only known endogenous antagonist. They are commonly referred to as NMDA ... more details
protein Name D amino acid oxidase activator caption image width HGNCid 21191 Symbol DAOA AltSymbols G72, LG72, SG72 EntrezGene 267012 OMIM 607408 RefSeq NM 172370 UniProt P59103 PDB ECnumber Chromosome 13 Arm q Band 33.2 LocusSupplementaryData D amino acid oxidase activator DAOA , also known as G72 is a protein enriched in various parts of brain, spinal cord, and testis. DAOA is thought to interact with D amino acid oxidase , a peroxisomal enzyme, and its gene was associated with schizophrenia in a number of studies. ref name pmid16581030 cite journal author Detera Wadleigh SD, McMahon FJ title G72 G30 in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder review and meta analysis journal Biol. Psychiatry volume 60 issue 2 pages 106 14 year 2006 pmid 16581030 doi 10.1016 j.biopsych.2006.01.019 ref ref name SZGeneDAOA http www.schizophreniaforum.org res sczgene geneoverview.asp?geneid 289 Gene Overview of All Published Schizophrenia Association Studies for DAOA , schizophreniaforum.org ref In separate studies it has been shown to confer susceptibility to bipolar disorder. Therefore it has been important in researching whether the Kraepelinian dichotomy is genuine. The gene itself was discovered during an investigation of chromosomal 13q22 q34 region, ref name pmid12364586 cite journal author Chumakov I, Blumenfeld M, Guerassimenko O, Cavarec L, Palicio M, Abderrahim H, Bougueleret L, Barry C, Tanaka H, La Rosa P, Puech A, Tahri N, Cohen Akenine A, Delabrosse S, Lissarrague S, Picard FP, Maurice K, Essioux L, Millasseau P, Grel P, Debailleul V, Simon AM, Caterina D, Dufaure I, Malekzadeh K, Belova M, Luan JJ, Bouillot M, Sambucy JL, Primas G, Saumier M, Boubkiri N, Martin Saumier S, Nasroune ... PC, Straub RE, Weinberger DR, Cohen N, Cohen D, Ouelette G, Realson J title Genetic and physiological data implicating the new human gene G72 and the gene for D amino acid oxidase in schizophrenia ... Costa J, Cherif D, Gimalac A, Van Duijn C, Gauvreau D, Ouellette G, Fortier I, Raelson J, Sherbatich ... more details
Sugar acids are monosaccharide s with a carboxyl group . ref cite book title Essentials of carbohydrate chemistry author Robyt, J.F. publisher Springer location New York year 1998 url http books.google.co.uk books?id l4NfU7 sAZoC&pg PA366&dq 22b. Aldonic acids 22 v onepage&q 22b. 20Aldonic 20acids 22&f false ISBN 0 387 94951 8 ref Main classes of sugar acids include Aldonic acid s, in which the aldehyde functional group of an aldose is oxidized Ulosonic acid s, in which the first hydroxyl group of a 2 ketose is oxidised creating an &alpha ketoacid . Uronic acid s, in which the terminal hydroxyl group of an aldose or ketose is oxidized Aldaric acid s, in which both ends of an aldose are oxidized class wikitable File D Gluconic acid.png thumb 150px right Aldonic acid File 3 Deoxy D manno oct 2 ulosonic acid linear.png thumb 150px right Ulosonic acid File Beta D Glucuronic acid.svg thumb 150px right Uronic acid File Tartaric acid.svg thumb 150px right Aldaric acid Examples Examples of sugar acids include Aldonic acids Glyceric acid 3C Xylonic acid 5C Gluconic acid 6C Ascorbic acid ref Cite book author Davies Michael B., Austin John, Partridge David A. title Vitamin C Its Chemistry and Biochemistry publisher The Royal Society of Chemistry year 1991 page 48 isbn 0 85186 333 7 ref 6C, unsaturated lactone Ulosonic acids Neuraminic acid 5 amino 3,5 dideoxy small D small glyceraldehyde glycero small D small galactose galacto non 2 ulosonic acid Ketodeoxyoctulosonic acid KDO or 3 deoxy small D small mannose manno oct 2 ulosonic acid Uronic acids Glucuronic acid 6C Galacturonic acid 6C Iduronic acid 6C Aldaric acids Tartaric acid 4C meso Galactaric acid Mucic acid 6C small D small Glucaric acid Saccharic acid 6C Image L Ascorbic acid.svg thumb right Ascorbic acid Vitamin C Image Beta D Glucuronic acid.svg thumb right The D form of glucuronic acid References reflist 2 External links MeshName Sugar Acids Category Sugar acids organic chemistry stub bg de Zucker ... more details
Infobox Single See Wikipedia WikiProject Songs Name This Is Acid Cover Cover size Caption Artist Maurice Joshua Maurice with Hot Hands Hula from Album A side B side Released 1988 Format Gramophone record 12 Recorded 1987 citation needed date February 2011 Genre Electronic dance music Electronica Acid House Length 4 38 Radio edit version ref It was the Les Adams K&T Remix that was the hit the radio edit of this mix was 4 38 and the 12 version was 6 22. ref Label A&M Records Vendetta A&M Records Writer Hula Mahone , Lidell Townsell Producer Hot Hands Hula, Les Adams Certification Last single This single Next single Misc This Is Acid , also known by its full title, This Is Acid A New Dance Craze , is the name of a 1 Billboard magazine Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart single by Chicago house music DJ and producer Maurice Joshua , who recorded the track under his first name Maurice. It reached the top spot in April 1989 and stayed there for two weeks. ref Joel Whitburn Whitburn, Joel 2004 . Hot Dance Disco 1974 2003 , Record Research Inc. ref The song contains spoken lyrics performed by male singer Hot Hands Hula Mahone. The lyrics introduce the listener to the acid house sound. Versions ... cite web url http www.discogs.com Maurice This Is Acid master 85253 title This Is Acid master release .... Legacy This Is Acid A New Dance Craze was Joshua s only hit single, but he did go on to be a Grammy Award winning producer and remixer. This Is Acid was cover version covered by Germany German ... Records TX169 A1 I Gotta Big Dick 6 20 A2 I Gotta Big Dick Instrumental 5 23 B1 This Is Acid 4 56 B2 Feel the Mood 4 15 12 Maxi US on Maurice This Is Acid A New Dance Craze Vendetta Records VE 7016 A1 This Is Acid A New Dance Craze S & T Mix 7 22 A2 This Is Acid A New Dance Craze Deep Dub 5 58 B This Is Acid ... Hot Dance Club Songs number one singles Category Acid house songs Category Electronic songs Category House music songs Category Spoken word Category Techno songs it This Is Acid ... more details
Other uses Acid disambiguation Refimprove date March 2008 Expert subject Computer science date August 2009 In computer science , ACID Atomicity database systems atomicity , Consistency database systems consistency , Isolation database systems isolation , Durability database systems durability is a set of properties that guarantee that database transaction s are processed reliably. In the context of database s, a single logical operation on the data is called a transaction. For example, a transfer of funds from one bank account to another, even though that might involve multiple changes such as debiting one account and crediting another , is a single transaction. Jim Gray computer scientist Jim Gray defined these properties of a reliable transaction system in the late 1970s and developed technologies to automatically achieve them. ref cite web url http www.microsoft.com presspass features 1998 11 23gray.mspx title Gray to be Honored With A. M. Turing Award This Spring date 1998 11 23 accessdate ... no ref In 1983, Andreas Reuter and Theo H rder coined the acronym ACID to describe them. ref cite ..., isolation, and durability ACID , describe the major highlights of the transaction paradigm, which has ..., since their sequence, and hence the outcome, might be unpredictable. This property of ACID ... The following examples are used to further explain the ACID properties. In these examples, the database ... locking to provide ACID capabilities. Locking means that the transaction marks the data that it accesses ... the isolation property, namely snapshot isolation . Distributed transactions Guaranteeing ACID properties ... 1 55860 190 2. refend Databases DEFAULTSORT Acid Category Database management systems Category Transaction processing Category Concurrency control ar ACID ca ACID da ACID Transaktion de ACID fr Propri t s ACID el ACID es ACID ko ACID it ACID he ACID hu ACID nl ACID ja ACID pl ACID pt ACID ru ACID simple ACID fi ACID ta , , , uk ACID vi ACID zh ACID ... more details
Image 3 Deoxy D manno oct 2 ulosonic acid linear.png thumb 200px The ulosonic acid ketodeoxyoctulosonic acid . An ulosonic acid is a sugar acid obtained by the oxidation of the 1 hydroxyl group of a ketose to a carboxylic acid , creating an alpha keto acid . An example of an ulosonic acid is ketodeoxyoctulosonic acid . chemistry stub Category Sugar acids fr Acide ulosonique ... more details
selfref For Wikipedia s Article Creation and Improvement Drive, see WP ACID wiktionarypar acid An acid is any chemical compound that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution with a pH less than 7.0. Acid or ACID may also refer to Common parlance corrosive substance Corrosive substances are commonly though imprecisely referred to as acids. Lysergic acid diethylamide Lysergic acid diethylamide LSD , a semisynthetic, psychedelic drug, is commonly referred to as acid. Computer science Acid1 , Acid2 , and Acid3 , webpage rendering test cases. Acid computer virus , a computer virus ACID Pro , professional digital audio workshop software ACID A tomicity, C onsistency, I solation, D urability , an initialism for the transactional properties of database management systems Music Acid band , a Japanese band Acid hip hop , a Burmese hip hop group Acid house , a subgenre of house music Acid jazz , a musical genre Acid rock , a style of psychedelic rock Acid techno , a style of techno Acid trance , a style of trance music The sound produced by the Roland TB 303 electronic music synthesizer is commonly described as acid like. Other ACiD Productions , an underground digital art group Metal Gear Acid , a turn based collectible card video game See also Acid test disambiguation disambig cs Acid de Acid el es Acid fr Acide homonymie ko lv Sk be noz mju atdal ana nl Acid ja no Syre andre betydninger pt Acid ru Acid fi Acid sv Acid vi Acid nh h ng ... more details
cite journal author Hall A. N., Kulka D., Walker T. K. year 1955 title Formation of arabinose, ribulose and tartronic acid from 2 keto d gluconic acid journal Biochem J. volume 60 issue 2 pages 271 ... Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Section4 Chembox Related Function carboxylic acid s OtherFunctn Tartaric acid br Malic acid br mesoxalic acid br Lactic acid br 3 Hydroxypropionic acid br Malonic acid br Propionic acid br Oxalic acid OtherCpds Glyceric acid br Glyceraldehyde br Tartonaldehyde br Glycerol Tartronic acid or 2 hydroxymalonic acid is a dicarboxylic acid with the structural formula of HOOCCH OH COOH. Its derivative, 2 methyltartronic acid, is isomalic acid . Uses Tartronic acids are best known as a reactant in the catalytic oxidation with air to form mesoxalic acid , another type of hydroxydicarboxylic acid. ref cite journal author Fordham P., Besson M., Gallezot P. year 1997 title Catalytic oxidation with air of tartronic acid to mesoxalic acid on bismuth promoted ... 4319045.html Process for production of a tartronic acid solution http www.freepatentsonline.com 5750037.html Use of tartronic acid as an oxygen scavenger DEFAULTSORT Tartronic Acid Category Dicarboxylic ... more details
Acid maceration is a technique to extract organic matter organic microfossil s from a surrounding rock geology rock matrix geology matrix using acid . Hydrochloric acid or acetic acid may be used to extract phosphatic fossil s, such as the small shelly fossil s, from a carbonate matrix. Hydrofluoric acid is also used in acid macerations to extract organic fossils from silicate rocks. Fossiliferous rock may be immersed directly into the acid, or a cellulose nitrate film may be applied Dissolution chemistry dissolved in amyl acetate , which adheres to the organic component and allows the rock to be dissolved around it. ref name Edwards1982 citation last Edwards first D. year 1982 title Fragmentary non vascular plant microfossils from the late Silurian of Wales journal Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society volume 84 issue 3 pages 223 256 doi 10.1111 j.1095 8339.1982.tb00536.x ref See also Schultze reagent References reflist DEFAULTSORT Acid Maceration Category Geology geology stub ... more details
Image Ketocarboxylic Acids General Formulae V.1.svg thumb Pyruvic acid top , acetoacetic acid and levulinic acid bottom Keto acids or oxoacids are organic compound s that contain a carboxylic acid group and a ketone group. The alpha keto acids are especially important in biology as they are involved in the Krebs citric acid cycle and in glycolysis . ref Nelson, D. L. Cox, M. M. Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry 3rd Ed. Worth Publishing New York, 2000. ISBN 1 57259 153 6. ref In several cases, the keto group is hydrated. Common types of keto acids include Alpha keto acids, or 2 oxoacids, such as pyruvic acid , have the keto group adjacent to the carboxylic acid. Other important member is oxaloacetic acid . ref Oxocarboxylic Acids Robert C. Kerber, Marian S. Fernando J. Chem. Educ., 2010, DOI 10.1021 ed1003096 ref Beta keto acids, or 3 oxoacids, such as acetoacetic acid , have the ketone group at the second carbon from the carboxylic acid Gamma keto acids, or 4 oxoacids, such as levulinic acid , have the ketone group at the third carbon from the carboxylic acid. When ingested sugar s and carbohydrate levels are low, stored fats and proteins are the primary source of energy production. Glucogenic amino acid s from proteins are converted to glucose and fat s can be used to form ketone bodies . Ketogenic amino acid s can be deaminated to produce alpha keto acids and ketone bodies. Alpha keto acids are used primarily as energy for liver cells and in fatty acid synthesis , also in the liver. References references See also Ulosonic acid s External links MeshName Keto Acids Category Keto acids organic chemistry stub cs Oxokyseliny de Ketos uren es Ceto cido fr C toacide gl Ceto cido it Alfa chetoacido nl Ketocarbonzuur ja pl Ketokwasy pt Ceto cido ru sv Ketosyra zh ... more details
Distinguish Malic acid malonic acid chembox verifiedrevid 476998635 Name Maleic acid OtherNames Z butenedioic acid, cis butenedioic acid, malenic acid, maleinic acid, toxilic acid ImageFile Maleic acid 2D skeletal A.png ImageSize 200px ImageName Skeletal formula of maleic acid ImageFile1 Maleic acid 3D balls A.png ImageSize1 200px ImageName1 Ball and stick model of the maleic acid molecule ImageFile2 Maleic acid 3D vdW A.png ImageSize2 200px ImageName2 Space filling model of the maleic acid molecule IUPACName Maleic acid br Z Butenedioic acid Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChEBI Ref ebicite correct ... 0 NFPA O FlashPt Section8 Chembox Related Function carboxylic acid s OtherFunctn fumaric acid br succinic acid br crotonic acid OtherCpds maleic anhydride br maleimide Maleic acid is an organic compound that is a dicarboxylic acid , a molecule with two carboxyl groups. Maleic acid is the Cis trans isomerism cis isomer of butenedioic acid, whereas fumaric acid is the trans isomer. It is mainly used as a precursor to fumaric acid, and relative to its parent maleic anhydride , maleic acid has few applications. Physical properties Maleic acid is a less stable molecule than fumaric acid. The difference ... mole. ref http www.southalabama.edu chemistry barletta felthouse.pdf Maleic Anhydride, Maleic Acid, and Fumaric Acid , Huntsman Petrochemical Corporation ref Maleic acid is more soluble in water than fumaric acid . The melting point of maleic acid 135 C is also much lower than that of fumaric acid 287 C . Both properties of maleic acid can be explained on account of the intramolecular hydrogen ... Structure of Maleic Acid journal Acta Crystallographica year 1974 volume B30 5 pages 1249 1275 doi 10.1107 S0567740874004626 issue 5 ref that takes place in maleic acid at the expense of intermolecular interactions, and that are not possible in fumaric acid for geometric reasons. Production and industrial applications In industry, maleic acid is derived by hydrolysis of maleic anhydride , the latter ... more details
acids author Armstrong, M. D. Shaw, K. N. Wall, P. E. journal The Journal of Biological Chemistry ... pdf pmid 13278337 ref See also Benzoic acid List of phytochemicals in food hydroxycinnamic acid s, molecules with the C6 C3 skeleton References reflist Polyphenol Phenolic acid Category Phenolic acids ... more details
For hexuronic acid, i.e. the older name of Vitamin C, see Ascorbic acid . Image Beta D Glucuronic acid.svg thumb 200px The D form of glucuronic acid after oxidization . Image Beta D Glucose.svg thumb 200px Glucose before oxidization. Note difference at 6 . image Glucuronic.png thumb 300px The Fischer projection s of glucose and glucuronic acid . Glucose s terminal carbon s hydroxyl group has been oxidized to a carboxylic acid . Uronic acids are a class of sugar acid s with both carbonyl and carboxylic acid functional group s. They are sugars in which the terminal carbon s hydroxyl group has been oxidized to a carboxylic acid . Oxidation of the terminal aldehyde instead yields an aldonic acid , while oxidation of both the terminal hydroxyl group and the aldehyde yields an aldaric acid . The names of uronic acids are generally based on their parent sugars, however some of the most common do not have direct parents, and are formed by epimerization e.g., iduronic acid is an epimer of glucuronic acid . Uronic acids that have six carbons are called hexuronic acids. Examples Some of these compounds have important biochemical functions for example, many wastes in the human body are excreted in the urine as their glucuronate salts, and iduronic acid is a component of some structural complexes such as proteoglycans . External links MeshName Uronic Acids http gold.zvon.org U06579.html Description at zvon.org http www.chembio.uoguelph.ca educmat Chm452 lecture7.htm Synthesis at chembio.uoguelph.ca halfway down page. Category Sugar acids bg ca cid ur nic de Urons uren fr Acide uronique gl cido ur nico it Acidi uronici ja no Uronsyre pl Kwasy uronowe pt cido ur nico ru sk Ur nov kyselina fi Uronihapot uk ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 444225270 Name Thiomalic acid ImageFile 2 thiomalic acidD form.svg ImageSize 180px ImageName small D small Thiomalic acid IUPACName 2 sulfanylbutanedioic acid Section1 Chembox Identifiers StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C4H6O4S c5 3 6 1 2 9 4 7 8 h2,9H,1H2, H,5,6 H,7,8 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey NJRXVEJTAYWCQJ UHFFFAOYSA N ChEBI Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEBI 38705 SMILES C C C O O S C O O CASNo 70 49 5 CASNo PubChem 6268 ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 6032 EINECS 200 736 4 Section2 Chembox Properties C 4 H 6 O 4 S 1 MeltingPt Density pKa Solubility Section4 Chembox Related OtherAnions Thiomalate Function OtherFunctn OtherCpds A thiomalic acid or mercaptosuccinic acid is a dicarboxylic acid containing a thiol functional group. As suggested by its name, it contains an SH group instead of an OH group on malic acid . Salts and esters are known as thiomalates. Thiomalic acid forms the backbone of the pesticide malathion . References Reflist Category Dicarboxylic acids Category Thiols organic compound stub fa pt cido tiom lico ... more details
Ketoglutaric acid or oxoglutaric acid may refer to either of two chemical compounds alpha Ketoglutaric acid Ketoglutaric acid acetonedicarboxylic acid Ketoglutaric acid acetonedicarboxylic acid disambig ... more details
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