Database refimprove date December 2011 condense date November 2011 A database is an organized ... processes requiring this information for example, finding a hotel with vacancies . The term database is correctly applied to the data and their supporting data structures, and not to the database management system DBMS . The database data collection with DBMS is called a database system . The term database system implies that the data is managed to some level of quality measured in terms of accuracy ... database management system DBMS . ref name Ullman Jeffrey Ullman and Jennifer widom 1997 First course in database systems , Prentice Hall Inc., Simon & Schuster, Page 1, ISBN 0 13 861337 0. ref A general .... Well known DBMSs include Oracle Database Oracle , IBM DB2 , Microsoft SQL Server , Microsoft Access , PostgreSQL , MySQL , and SQLite . A database is not generally Software portability portable ... database bibliographic , document text, statistical, or multimedia objects. Another way is by their application ..., or insurance. The term database may be narrowed to specify particular aspects of organized collection of data and may refer to the logical database, to physical database as data content in computer data storage or to many other database sub definitions. History Database concept The database concept ... data . It has evolved together with database management systems which enable the effective handling of databases. Though the terms database and DBMS define different entities, they are inseparable a database s properties are determined by its supporting DBMS and vice versa. The Oxford English ... been unlikely that a complex information system can be built effectively without a proper database ... supported data collection needs to meet respective usability requirements broadly defined by Database Major database usage requirements the requirements below to qualify as a database. Thus, a database ... meet them or converge to meet them. Evolution of database and DBMS technology See also Database ... more details
Database state may refer to Database state, in database technology the set of stored data. Entering, modifying, or deleting information changes the database state. A state that practices Mass surveillance . disambig ... more details
Protein database may refer to Any protein structure database Any protein sequence database Exact names Protein NIH Protein database of the National Institute of Health Protein Database of Bio Synthesis, Inc. disambig ... more details
A database machine or back end processor is a computer or special hardware that stores and retrieves data from a database . It is specially designed for database access and is coupled to the main front end computer s by a high speed channel. This contrasts with a database server , which is a computer in a local area network that holds a database. The database machine is tightly coupled to the main CPU , whereas the database server is loosely coupled via the network. An example is the IBM System 38 . Database FOLDOC Category History of computing Category Databases compu hardware stub ... more details
A Centralized database is a database located and maintained in one location, unlike a distributed database . One main advantage is that all data is located in one place. The disadvantage is that bottlenecks may occur. database stub web stub Category Types of databases ... more details
A negative database , in Credit Card terms, refers to a list of Credit Card owners who chargeback a lot. Negative databases are usually maintained by Credit Card companies. The term negative database also refers to a security concept in database terms where contrary to traditional databases, such database saves attributes that cannot be associated with a certain entry. http sigfpe.blogspot.com 2006 10 negative databases.html http www.economist.com science displayStory.cfm?story id 7854216 Database Category Credit cards Category Database security econ stub database stub ... more details
NMR database NMR nuclear magnetic resonance may refer to NMR spectra database , a collection of NMR spectra for a large number of compounds NMR database method , a strategy to identify the stereochemistry of certain chiral compounds dab ... more details
unreferenced date August 2011 A database server is a computer program that provides database services to other computer programs or computer s, as defined by the client server software modeling model . The term may also refer to a computer dedicated to running such a program. Database management system s frequently provide database server functionality, and some database management system DBMSs e.g., MySQL rely exclusively on the client server model for database access. Such a server is accessed either through a front end running on the user s computer which displays requested data or the back end which runs on the server and handles tasks such as data analysis and storage. In a Master slave technology master slave model, database master servers are central and primary locations of data while database slave servers are synchronized backups of the master acting as proxies. Some examples of proprietary database servers are Oracle Corporation Oracle , IBM DB2 DB2 , Informix , and Microsoft SQL Server . Examples of GNU General Public Licence database servers are Ingres database Ingres and MySQL . Every server uses its own query logic and structure. The SQL query language is more or less the same in all the database servers. See also Replication computer science Database replication Database replication Database Category Data management Category Servers computing Category Databases software type stub database stub de Datenbankserver id Server basis data kk nl Databaseserver ... more details
The Diseases Database is a database that underlies a free website that provides information about the relationships between medical conditions, symptoms , and medications . The database is run by Medical ... Organization The Diseases Database is based around a collection of concepts related to human medicine .... These are referred to as items . There are around 8,000 items within the database. ref http www.diseasesdatabase.com ... resources three sets of metadata are modelled within the database. Firstly, Diseases Database ... heart disease . More formally the database employs an entity attribute value model with items ... infarction . Such relationships aggregate within the database and allow lists to be retrieved ... infarction. Secondly, most Diseases Database items are assigned topic specific hyperlinks to Web ..., most Diseases Database items are mapped to concepts within the Unified Medical Language System UMLS ... notes for the majority of items on the database. The UMLS map also enables links to and from other medical classifications and terminologies e.g. ICD 9 and SNOMED . Diseases Database content can thus ... concept code for Myocardial infarction 22298006 finds the equivalent Diseases Database item ... Diseases Database References Reflist Category Bioinformatics Category Medical literature Category Medical databases ar az Diseases Database be Diseases Database bs Diseases Database ca Diseases Database cy Cronfa ddata o Afiechydon et Diseases Database es Diseases Database fa fr Diseases Database gl Diseases Database ko id Diseases Database he Diseases Database jv Diseases Database nl Diseases Database no Diseases Database pl Diseases Database pt Diseases Database ru Diseases Database sr Diseases Database sh Diseases Database sv Diseases Database ta tr Hastal k Veri Taban uk Diseases Database ur vi Diseases Database zh ... more details
The Openedge Database is a relational database with some growing Object capabilities . It was formerly known as the Progress RDBMS. see also Progress Software Corporation OpenEdge Advanced Business Language sources date February 2012 database software stub Category Proprietary database management systems ... more details
unreferenced date November 2011 Basis database or OpenText Collections Server is a database produced by Open Text Corporation . External links http www.opentext.com 2 global products products library and collection management products opentext collections server.htm Open Text Corporation product website database software stub Category Database management systems ... more details
Refimprove date May 2009 A database refactoring is a simple change to a database schema that improves its design while retaining both its behavioral and informational semantics. A database refactoring is conceptually more difficult than a code refactoring code refactorings only need to maintain behavioral semantics while database refactorings also must maintain informational semantics. ref Scott Ambler and Pramod Sadalage 2006 . Refactoring databases Evolutionary database design . Addison Wesley. ISBN 978 0321293534 ref The process of database refactoring is the act of applying database refactorings to evolve an existing database schema database refactoring is a core practice of evolutionary database design . You refactor a database schema for one of two reasons to develop the schema in an evolutionary manner in parallel with the evolutionary design of the rest of your system or to fix design problems with an existing legacy database schema Database refactoring does not change the way data is interpreted or used and does not fix computer bug bug s or add new functionality. Every single refactoring to a database leaves the system in a working state, thus not causing maintenance lags, provided the meaningful data exists in the production environment. An example of database refactoring would be splitting an aggregate table into two different tables in the process of database normalization Tools LiquiBase See also Database testing Refactoring Test driven development Unit testing References Reflist External links http www.infoq.com presentations ambler database refactoring Database refactoring presentation at InfoQ.com by Scott W. Ambler http www.agiledata.org essays databaseRefactoring.html The Process of Database Refactoring by Scott W. Ambler http www.agiledata.org essays databaseRefactoringCatalog.html Catalog of Database Refactorings . by Scott W. Ambler. http www.databaserefactoring.com Database Refactoring Website by Pramod Sadalage Database Category Extreme programming ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2007 For information on obtaining the Wikipedia database, see Wikipedia Database download . A database dump contains a record of the Table database table structure and or the data from a database and is usually in the form of a list of SQL statements. A database dump is most often used for backup backing up a database so that its contents can be restored in the event of data loss . Data corruption Corrupted databases can often be recovered by analysis of the dump. Database dumps are often published by free software and free content projects, to allow reuse or Fork software development forking of the database. Example source lang sql Database CREATE DATABASE example USE example Table structure for table users CREATE TABLE users id int 8 unsigned NOT NULL AUTO INCREMENT, username varchar 16 NOT NULL, password varchar 16 NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY id Data for table users INSERT INTO users VALUES 1, alice , secret , 2, bob , secret source See also Core dump Databases Database management system References Empty section date July 2010 External links http dev.mysql.com doc refman 5.0 en mysqldump.html mysqldump A Database Backup Program http www.postgresql.org docs 8.2 interactive backup dump.html PostgreSQL dump backup methods , for PostgreSQL databases. databases Category Database administration tools database stub de Datenbankdump ... more details
Mergefrom Schema object date March 2012 Image Mediawiki dbschema.svg thumb A depiction of MediaWiki database schema. A database schema pronounced skee ma , IPA en ski.m of a database system is its structure described in a formal language supported by the database management system DBMS and refers to the organization of data to create a blueprint of how a database will be constructed divided into database tables . The formal definition of database schema is a set of formulas sentences called integrity constraints imposed on a database. These integrity constraints ensure compatibility between parts of the schema. All constraints are expressible in the same language. A database can be considered a structure in realization of the database language . ref name source1 The states of a created conceptual schema are transformed into an explicit mapping, the database schema. This describes how real world entities are modeled in the database. br A database schema specifies, based on the database administrator s knowledge of possible applications, the facts that can enter the database, or those of interest to the possible end user s. ref name source3 The notion of a database schema plays the same ... to a database, which can be seen at any instant of time as a mathematical object . Thus a schema can ... specifically for a type of database, all expressed in the same database language. ref name source1 In a relational database , the schema defines the Table database tables , Field computer science fields , Relational model relationship s, View database view s, Index database index es, Software ... queue s, Database trigger trigger s, Data type type s, sequence s, materialized view s, Synonym database synonym s, database link s, Directory file systems directories , Java programming language ... a schema is defined in text database language, the term is often used to refer to a graphical depiction of the database structure. In other words, schema is the structure of the database that defines ... more details
morereferences date October 2008 A database system is a term that is typically used to encapsulate the constructs of a data model , database Management system DBMS and database . ref Beynon Davies P. 2004 . Database Systems 3rd Edition. Palgrave, Basingstoke, UK. ISBN 1 4039 1601 2 ref A database is an organised pool of logically related data. Data is stored within the data structures of the database. A DBMS is a suite of computer software providing the interface between users and a database or databases. A DBMS is a shell which surrounds a database or series of databases and through which all interactions take place with the database. The interactions catered for by most existing DBMS fall into four main groups Data Definition. Defining new data structures for a database, removing data structures from the database, modifying the structure of existing data. Data Maintenance. Inserting new data into existing data structures, updating data in existing data structures, deleting data from existing data structures. Data Retrieval. Querying existing data by end users and extracting data for use by application programs. Data Control. Creating and monitoring users of the database, restricting access to data in the database and monitoring the performance of databases. Both a database and its DBMS conform to the principles of a particular data model. ref Tsitchizris, D. C. and F. H. Lochovsky 1982 . Data Models. Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall. ref Data models include the Hierarchical model hierarchical data model , the Network model network data model , the Relational model relational data model and the Object database object oriented data model . See also Heterogeneous Database System References reflist Database models DEFAULTSORT Database System Category Database management systems ko ru ... more details
An online database is a database accessible from a network, including from the Internet . It differs from a local database, held in an individual computer or its attached storage, such as a CD. For the system or software designed to manage a database, see Database management system s DBMS For information on the structure of a database itself, see Database For information on the programs for searching a database, see Search engine s Currently, there are several database products designed specifically as hosted databases delivered as Software as a Service products. These differ from typical traditional databases such as Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, Sybase, etc. Some of the differences are These online databases are delivered primarily via a web browser They are often purchased by a monthly subscription They embed common collaboration features such as sharing, email notifications, etc. For information on the contents of specific types of database, see Bibliographic database s Customer relationship management To learn about generic online databases that can be used by any software application, see Cloud database . See also List of online databases List of search engines List of academic databases and search engines References Unreferenced date October 2009 DEFAULTSORT Online Database Category Online databases Category Types of databases compu network stub ... more details
A lexical database is a lexical resource which has an associated software environment database which permits access to its contents. The database may be custom designed for the lexical information or a general purpose database into which lexical information has been entered. Information typically stored in a lexical databasedatabase includes lexical category and synonyms of words, as well as semantic relations between different words or sets of words. See also Machine readable dictionary WordNet External links http wordnet.princeton.edu The WordNet Home Page database stub Category Lexical databases Category Translation databases ar ... more details
unreferenced date August 2007 A database engine or storage engine is the underlying software component that a database management system DBMS uses to create, read, update and delete CRUD data from a database . Most database management systems include their own application programming interface API that allows the user to interact with their underlying engine without going through the user interface of the DBMS. Many of the modern DBMS support multiple database engines within the same database. For example, MySQL supports InnoDB as well as MyISAM . Some database engines are Database transaction transactional . class wikitable Name Free Transactional Aria storage engine Aria GPL No BlitzDB GPL No Falcon storage engine Falcon GPL Yes InnoDB GPL Yes MyISAM GPL No InfiniDB CPL No XtraDB GPL Yes See also Aria storage engine Architecture of Btrieve Micro Kernel Database Engine Btrieve s Micro Kernel Database Engine Berkeley DB c tree c treeACE Database Engine FLAIM Database Engine InfiniDB InnoDB Microsoft Jet Database Engine MyISAM MySQL Cluster , on the NDB storage engine of MySQL External links http dev.mysql.com tech resources articles storage engine part 3.html http books.google.com books?id PqZ6QytCemcC&pg PT287&dq storage engines MySQL Administrator s Bible Chapter 11 Storage Engines DEFAULTSORT Database Engine Category Data management Category Database management systems database stub az Baza veril nl rin proqramla d rma dill ri es Mecanismos de almacenamiento MySQL fr Moteur de base de donn es lv Datub zes dzin js ja pt Mecanismo de armazenamento ru Database engine ... more details
Too many categories date October 2011 In database processing , sometimes referred to as in database analytics, refers to the integration of data analytics into data warehousing functionality. In database processing eliminates the overhead of moving large data sets from the enterprise data warehouse to a separate analytic software application, providing significant performance benefits. ref name DBTA http www.dbta.com Articles Editorial Trends and Applications Adding Competitive Muscle with In Database Analytics 67126.aspx Adding Competitive Muscle with In Database Analytics, Database Trends & Applications, May 10, 2010 ref In database processing accelerates data analysis, making it relevant for applications requiring high throughput, real time advanced analytics, including fraud detection, transaction processing, pricing and margin analysis, usage based micro segmenting, behavioral ad targeting and recommendation engines. In database processing is performed and promoted as a feature by many of the major data warehousing vendors, including Teradata , Netezza , Greenplum and Aster Data Systems . ref name IE http intelligent enterprise.informationweek.com info centers data int showArticle.jhtml jsessionid YH5ZICM4SKOMRQE1GHPSKH4ATMY32JVN?articleID 212500351&cid RSSfeed IE News In Database Analytics A Passing Lane for Complex Analysis, Intelligent Enterprise, December 15, 2008 ref In database processing is one of several technologies focused on improving data warehousing performance, including parallel computing , shared nothing architecture s and massive parallel processing . database ... isnt in database processing old news.html Isn t In database processing old news yet?, Blog by Tim Manns Data Mining Blog , January 8, 2009 ref References Reflist Database models Databases Software engineering Category Database management systems Category Applied data mining Category Data modeling Category Database theory Category Project management Category System administration Category Transaction ... more details
A spatiotemporal database is a database that manages both space and time information. Common examples include Tracking of moving objects, which typically can occupy only a single position at a given time. A database of wireless communication networks, which may exist only for a short timespan within a geographic region. An index of species in a given geographic region, where over time additional species may be introduced or existing species migrate or die out. Historical tracking of plate tectonic activity. Spatiotemporal databases are an extension of spatial database spatial databases . A spatiotemporal database embodies spatial, temporal database temporal , and spatiotemporal database concepts, and captures spatial and temporal aspects of data and deals with geometry changing over time ref http wis.cs.ucla.edu cchen thesis.ps Data Models and Query Languages of Spatio Temporal Information Bot generated title ref and or location of objects moving over invariant geometry. ref RTLS ref Organizations http vldb.org Very Large Databases http www.dexa.org Database and Expert Systems Applications See also Data warehouse Data mining , Database mining , Data farming Locating engine References Reflist Category Database management systems Category Geolocation Category Wireless locating Category Spatial databases Category Temporal databases database stub ... more details
An Active Database is a database that includes an event driven architecture often in the form of Event Condition Action ECA rules which can respond to conditions both inside and outside the database. Possible uses include security monitoring, alerting, statistics gathering and authorization. Most modern relational databases include active database features in the form of Database trigger SQL Triggers . See also Event driven architecture References cite journal last Paton first Norman W coauthors D az, Oscar title Active database systems journal ACM Computing Surveys year 1999 volume 31 issue 1 pages 63 103 doi 10.1145 311531.311623 url http portal.acm.org citation.cfm?id 311623 accessdate 8 July 2010 publisher ACM location NY, USA issn 0360 0300 Use dmy dates date October 2010 DEFAULTSORT Active Database Category Types of databases Database stub ... more details
A database application is a computer program whose primary purpose is entering and retrieving information from a computer managed database . Early examples of database applications were accounting systems .... A characteristic of modern database applications is that they facilitate simultaneous updates and queries ... to give each user a personal computer and have a program running on that PC that connected to a database Server computing server . Information would be pulled from the database, transmitted over a network ... in the mid 1990s it became more common to build database applications with a Web interface. Rather than ... application. A database application with a Web interface had the advantage that it could be used ... of early database applications with Web interfaces include amazon.com , which used the Oracle database Oracle relational database management system , the photo.net online community, whose implementation on top of Oracle database Oracle was described in the book Database Backed Web Sites Ziff ... oracle news news ebay massive oracle.htm eBay s Massive Oracle Database ref Electronic medical ... ref , in December 2010, as a software database application . A 2005 O Reilly book uses the term in its title Database Applications and the Web. Some of the most complex database applications remain accounting ... by Donald Burleson, Chapter 1 ref Many of today s most widely used computer systems are database ... 21 December 2007 ac cessdate 2008 10 30 ref The etymology of the phrase database application comes ..., compilers, the file system, and tools such as the database management system, and application programs ... program , database application is short for database application program . Not every program that uses a database would typically be considered a database application . For example, many ... massive data sets that programs subsequently analyze. The data sets constitute a database , though they are not typically managed with a standard relational database management system. The computer programs ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 A cooperative database is a type of database that holds information on customers and their transactions. Many companies will contribute information to a database in return for aggregate information on the customers other companies have provided. Such databases are used for promotional mailings, credit card fraud detection and fighting E mail spam . Alternatively, the term cooperative database can be used to describe database systems that incorporate techniques to aid users beyond returning direct answers. ref Wesley W. Chu Cooperative Database Systems. Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering, 2008. ref Such databases can, for example, give explanations as to why a query returns no or few results, detect and report some user misconception suggested by the query, provide justifications for returned answers, or relax query attributes to find close but non precise answers. The fundamental goal is to extend databases towards reflecting the cooperative principle , and in particular, to avoid misleading users by omission of pertinent, contextual detail. References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Cooperative Database Category Anti spam Category Types of databases ... more details
Merge data integrity date March 2011 Unreferenced date December 2009 Expert subject Databases date November 2008 Database integrity ensures that data entered into the database is accurate, valid, and Consistency database systems consistent . Any applicable integrity constraints and data validation rules must be satisfied before permitting a change to the database. Three basic types of database integrity constraints are Entity integrity , not allowing multiple rows to have the same identity within a table. Data domain Domain integrity, restricting data to predefined data type s, e.g. dates. Referential integrity , requiring the existence of a related row in another table, e.g. a customer for a given customer ID. See also Data integrity Bit rot Database DEFAULTSORT Database Integrity Category Data modeling Category Data quality cs Datab zov integrita fr Int grit base de donn es kk lv Datub zes integrit te ru ... more details
The database catalog of a database instance consists of metadata in which definitions of database Object file object s such as base tables, views virtual tables , synonym s, value ranges, index database indexes , User computing users , and user groups are stored. ref citebook title Systems Development Handbook author Paul C. Tinnirello year 1999 publisher CRC Press isbn 0849398223 ref ref cite title CREATE VIEW Transact SQL in SQL Server 2008 Books Online publisher Microsoft Corporation url http msdn.microsoft.com en us library ms187956.aspx ref The SQL standard specifies a uniform means to access the catalog, called the INFORMATION SCHEMA, but not all databases follow this, even if they implement other aspects of the SQL standard. For an example of database specific metadata access methods, see Oracle metadata . References refs Category Database theory database stub ko ... more details
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