Chinese dictionary dictionaries date back over two millennia to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty , which is a significantly ... for Chinese, and this article will introduce some of the most important. For additional information .... Terminology Chinese language Chinese has two words for dictionary zidian character logograph ... . Traditional Chinese lexicography The precursors of Chinese dictionaries are primers designed for students of Chinese characters. The earliest of them only survive in fragments or quotations within Chinese classic texts . For example, the Zhou standard Shi Zhou Pian was compiled by one or more ... to the Chinese dictionaries, as Chinese is written in Chinese character character s or logograph , not alphabets. To Johnson, not having an alphabet is not to the Chinese s credit, as in 1778, when James Boswell asked about the Chinese characters, he replied Boswell 1907 822 Sir, they have not an alphabet. They have not been able to form what all other nations have formed. Nevertheless, the Chinese ... Correctness is the oldest extant Chinese dictionary, and scholarship reveals that it is a pre ... graphic components or Radical Chinese character radicals . The famous 100 121 CE Shuowen Jiezi ... dictionary for Chinese characters, and popularized the system of List of Kangxi radicals 214 radicals . As most Chinese characters are semantic phonetic ones , the radical method is usually ... Spelling Rimes from the Sui Dynasty it became the standard of pronunciation for Middle Chinese . During ... grouped by tone. Functional classifications Besides categorizing ancient Chinese dictionaries ... as found in the Chinese classics. The Zishu dictionaries comprise Shuowen Jiezi , Yupian , Zihui ... Dynasty, and Chinese scripts script dictionaries , such as the Liyun of the Song Dynasty. Although these dictionaries center upon the graphic properties of Chinese characters, they do not necessarily ... collated by rimes. While the above traditional pre 20th century Chinese dictionaries focused ... more details
Infobox Pigeonbreed name Chinese Owl image Chinesentaube.jpg imagecaption Chinese Owl status Common altname country nickname augroup usgroup Fancy eegroup extinct crest feather note One of the fanciest of all fancy breeds. The Chinese Owl is a breed of fancy pigeon developed over many years of selective breeding . ref name Levi cite book last Levi first Wendell title The Pigeon year 1977 publisher Levi Publishing Co, Inc location Sumter, S.C. isbn 0 85390 013 2 ref Chinese Owls, along with other varieties of Domestic Pigeon domesticated pigeons , are all descendants from the Rock Pigeon Columba livia . The breed is known for its small size and profuse frilled feathers. ref Seymour, Rev. Colin Ed 2006 Australian Fancy Pigeons National Book of Standards . ref References reflist See also List of pigeon breeds Category Domesticated pigeon breeds Category Animal breeds originating in China Domesticated pigeon breed stub de Chinesentaube ru ... more details
Chinese Mozambican or Mozambican Chinese may refer to China Mozambique relations Ethnic Chinese in Mozambique Mozambicans in China Mixed race people of Chinese and Mozambican descent dab ... more details
Chinese Iranian or Iranian Chinese may refer to China Iran relations Chinese people in Iran Iranians in China , such as An Shih Kao An Hsuan Mixed race people of Chinese and Iranian descent dab ... more details
Chinese Panamanian or Panamanian Chinese may refer to China Panama relations Ethnic Chinese in Panama Panamanians in China Mixed race people of Chinese and Panamanian descent dab ... more details
Chinese Paladin can refer to The Legend of Sword and Fairy a popular Chinese language Chinese computer role playing game RPG Chinese Paladin TV series a TV series adaptation of the RPG disambig ... more details
Infobox ethnic group group American people of Chinese origin br small or br or ... langs Predominantly English language English varieties of Chinese br Mandarin Chinese Standard Chinese Yue Chinese Canton dialect Yuehai Cantonese Taishanese Hakka Chinese Hakka Wu Chinese ref ... dialect Oujiang Wu , and Min Chinese Min Nan Min Dong ref cite web url http www.ethnologue.com show ... ref http www.everyculture.com multi Bu Dr Chinese Americans.html Every Culture Multicultural America Chinese Americans ref related Laotian Chinese American s br Category Hong Kong Americans Hong Kong Americans Taiwanese American s br Overseas Chinese Contains Chinese text Chinese Americans Chinese language Chinese small traditional characters trad. small lang zh linktext , small simplified ... , small pinyin p small M ij Hu r n are resident United States Americans of China Chinese spaced ndash particularly Han Chinese ref Note that while the English term is ambiguous between Chinese Han culture and Chinese PRC nationality, the Chinese terms listed here refer specifically to those of Han Chinese descent. ref spaced ndash descent. Chinese Americans constitute one group of overseas Chinese and also a subgroup of East Asia n Americans, which is further a subgroup of Asian American s. Many Chinese Americans are immigrants along with their descendants from Mainland China , Hong ... that include large populations of Chinese diaspora . ref Cite book title The Taiwanese Americans first ..., 126 postscript ref The Chinese American community is the largest overseas Chinese community in North America, closely followed by the Chinese communities in Chinese Canadian Canada and Chinese Mexican Mexico . It is also the fourth largest in the Chinese diaspora, behind the Chinese communities in Chinese Thai Thailand , Chinese Malaysian Malaysia , and Chinese Indonesian Indonesia . citation needed date April 2012 The Chinese American community is the largest ethnic group of Asian Americans ... more details
Chinese Pakistani or Pakistani Chinese may refer to China Pakistan relations c.f. a Chinese Pakistani treaty Chinese people in Pakistan Uyghurs in Pakistan Pakistanis in China Pakistanis in Hong Kong Pakistani Chinese cuisine , a style of Chinese cuisine developed by Chinese migrants to Pakistan dab ... more details
Confuse Chinese Encyclopedia Encyclopedia of China Citation style date January 2011 ChineseText Chinese encyclopedias are encyclopedia s published in the Chinese language or encyclopedias about China and List of China related topics Chinese related topics . The origin of encyclopedias in China can be traced to the late Han dynasty , circa 220 CE. Chinese has two words for encyclopedia, encyclopedic ... Chinese encyclopedias are Hudong , Baidu Baike and Chinese Wikipedia . History The history of encyclopedia s in China is distinctive and covers almost two thousand years. Traditional Chinese encyclopedias differ from the modern encyclopedia in that they are mainly anthologies of significant Chinese literature literature with some aspects of the Chinese dictionary dictionary . Compiled by eminent .... Publications Encyclopedias written in Chinese language Chinese . Administrative Districts Encyclopedia ... known as Compendium of Materia Medica, is Chinese materia medica work written by Li Shizhen in Ming ... Chinese Edition February 2004 , the first full length online encyclopedia in traditional Chinese ... press releases chinese.html ref Chinese Children s Encyclopedia , 4 volume encyclopedia, published by Zhejiang Education Press ZEP Chinese Encyclopedia 1981 83 , Taiwan Chinese Towns Encyclopedia ... 20,000 Chinese towns, focusing on their economies. Cihai , combines dictionary and encyclopedia ... in the Chinese language, published in Beijing in 1985 91, as a joint venture between Encyclopedia ... Dynasty Encyclopedia of China 1978 , the first large entry modern encyclopedia in the Chinese language. Encyclopedia of the Chinese Overseas 1998 . Chinese Heritage Centre, Singapore. Encyclopedia ... ref Prime Tortoise of the Record Bureau , largest encyclopedia compiled during the Chinese ... contains 8.1 million Chinese characters and 5,000 images, and is the first large reference which documents ... in Chinese history and probably the most ambitious editorial enterprise in the history of the world ... more details
Chinese Japanese or Japanese Chinese may refer to Sino Japanese vocabulary , Japanese vocabulary that originated in the Chinese language or in elements borrowed from Chinese Kanbun , classical Chinese language as written in Japan Sino Japanese relations Japan People s Republic of China relations Chinese in Japan Japanese Chinese cuisine , the style of Chinese cuisine served by Chinese in Japan Japanese people in China Japanese orphans in China People of mixed Chinese and Japanese descent disambig ... more details
File Chinese goose Staglands Wildlife Reserve, Wellington, New Zealand family 8.jpg right thumb A family at Staglands Wildlife Reserve, Wellington, New Zealand File Chinese goose Kyoto, Japan two 8.jpg thumb right White Chinese geese in Japan The Chinese Goose is a breed of domesticated goose descended from the wild Swan Goose . Chinese geese differ from the wild birds in much larger size up to 5 10 kg in males, 4 9 kg in females , and in having an often strongly developed basal knob on the upper side of the bill. The knob at the top of the beak is more prominent on males than females. By 6 8 weeks of age, the knob is already pronounced enough that it can be used for sexing. Chinese geese are a close cousin of the African goose , a heavier breed also descended from the Swan Goose. Chinese geese appear in two varieties a brown similar to the wild Swan Goose, and white. While many domestic Chinese geese have a similar body type to other breeds, the breed standard s as defined in the American Poultry Association s Standard of Perfection and other sources call for a slimmer, taller fowl. ref Ekarius 2007 ref Chinese geese are among the better laying breeds of geese. A female Chinese goose can lay 50 60 Egg food egg s over the course of the breeding season February to June , although there are reports of Chinese Geese laying up to 100 eggs during that time. ref Buckland & Guy 2002 ref Footnotes reflist References cite book title Storey s Illustrated Guide to Poultry Breeds last Ekarius first Carol year 2007 publisher Storey Publishing location 210 MAS MoCA Way, North Adams MA 01247 isbn 978 1 58017 667 5 Buckland, Roger & Guy, G rard eds. 2002 Goose Production. FAO Animal ... title Chinese Geese work feathersite.com accessdate 2008 07 02 See also List of goose breeds Category Geese Category Poultry Category Goose breeds poultry stub goose stub de H ckergans eo ina ansero fr Oie de Chine ... more details
Chinese Romanian or Romanian Chinese may refer to People s Republic of China Romania relations c.f. a Chinese Romanian treaty Chinese of Romania Romanians in China Eurasian mixed ancestry people of Chinese and Romanian descent People with dual citizenship of China and Romania disambig ... more details
Chinese German or German Chinese may be Of or relating to Sino German relations Chinese people in Germany Chinese as a foreign language in Germany Germans in China Kiautschou Bay concession Eurasian mixed ancestry people of Chinese and German descent dab ... more details
de Lima, became one of the Western Hemisphere s earliest Chinatowns. The Chinese coolies married Peruvian ...Refimprove date February 2008 infobox ethnic group group Chinese Peruvian image File Chinese Peruvian.jpg ... language Spanish , Hakka Chinese , Yue Chinese Cantonese , Mandarin Chinese Mandarin , others rels Christianity , Buddhism , Chinese religions related Asian Latin American , Japanese Peruvian Chinese ... t sh ng j2 tou2 saang1 l2 Local born Chinese Peruvians , also known as tus n a loanword from Chinese pinyin t sh ng, jyutping tou2 saang1 local born , are people of Overseas Chinese ancestry born in Peru , or who have made Peru their adopted homeland. Most Chinese Peruvians are multilingual. In addition to Spanish language Spanish or Quechua language Quechua , many of them speak one or more Chinese dialects that may include Yue Chinese Cantonese , Hakka Chinese Hakka , Standard Mandarin Mandarin , and Min Nan Minnan . Since the first Chinese immigrants came from Macau , some of them also ... ref one source places the number of citizens with some Chinese ancestry at 5 million, which equates ... History Early history Chinese Immigration immigrants in the 19th century, who took a four month trip ... Chinese coolies from Guangdong followed. One hundred thousand Chinese contract laborers, 95 were ... to free labor. Another group of Chinese settlers came after the founding of Sun Yat sen s republic .... ref Chinese in Bridge, Volume 3 http .google.co.uk ?id XdocAQAAMAAJ&q but in 1957 speakers of Cantonese ... en&sa X&ei tqwDT77LB5OE8gPiysTDAQ&redir esc y ref Modern day immigration Recent Chinese immigrants ..., Taiwan , and Southeast Asian Chinese communities, including Malaysia , Indonesia , Singapore , and the Philippines . Many Chinese Indonesian s and Chinese Malaysian s came to Peru after anti Chinese ... 1990s. These recent Chinese immigrants make Peru the home of the largest ethnic Chinese community in Latin America . Emigration Many Chinese Peruvians left Peru in the 1960s and 1970s. Most of them ... more details
Infobox Ethnic group group Thai people of Chinese Origin br linktext or linktext br ... of the most prominent Chinese Buddhist temples in Thailand poptime 8,000,000 br 12 of the Thai population ... Thai language Thai related Teochews Hokkien Hakka Hainan br Southern Chinese Peranakan br Overseas Chinese Thai Chinese are Demographics of Thailand Thai citizens of Chinese descent. Thailand is home to the second largest after Chinese Indonesians , the oldest, most prominent, and most integrated overseas Chinese community in the world with a population of approximately 9.5 million people. Most Thai Chinese have been in Thailand for five generations or more the Thai Chinese have been deeply ... Dynasty , was founded by King Rama I who himself was partly Chinese. His predecessor, King Taksin of Thonburi dynastry, was the son of Chinese immigrant from Guangdong Province and was born with a Chinese name. Nearly all of Thai Chinese identify themselves as being Thai due to the highly successful integration of Chinese communities into Thai society. Descendants of most ennobled Chinese ...&pg PA92&dq ethnic chinese owned percent of the sector&hl en v onepage&q ethnic 20chinese 20owned 20percent 20of 20the 20sector&f false title Overseas Chinese Entrepreneurship and Capitalist Development ... minority group, the Dai people . Thai Chinese are well represented in all levels of Thai society ... books.google.ca books?id GD5Hya8lgBcC&pg PA150&dq ethnic chinese control percent of banks&hl en v ... Product GNP . ref cite web url http books.google.ca books?id Z9iwfPD0TZgC&pg PT155&dq ethnic chinese ... title High technology and globalization challenges facing overseas Chinese entrepreneurs & 124 SAM ... Chinese control largest&source bl&ots StamP9hhEE&sig 3mQvRs8TqK 3W9MkzfIT9qqJkk&hl en&sa X&ei j9mUT8POEsqtiAKIwqDmBA ... 20largest&f false title Chinese Capitalism in a Global Era Towards Hybrid Capitalism Henry Wai Chung Yeung Google Books publisher Books.google.ca date accessdate 2012 04 23 ref The Thai Chinese business ... more details
Taxobox name Chinese Goral ref name msw3 MSW3 Grubb id 14200807 ref status VU status system IUCN3.1 status ref ref name iucn IUCN2008 assessors Duckworth JW, Steinmetz R & Rattanawat Chaiyarat year 2008 title Naemorhedus caudatus id 14303 downloaded 2009 01 22 ref image Nemorhaeduscaudatusarnouxianus2.JPG image caption Chinese goral with kid regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Artiodactyla familia Bovidae genus Naemorhedus species N. griseus binomial Naemorhedus griseus binomial authority Milne Edwards , 1871 The Chinese goral Nemorhaedus griseus is a species of goral distributed through Burma , China , India , Thailand , Vietnam , and possibly Laos . Wikispecies Naemorhedus griseus References reflist http www.bucknell.edu msw3 browse.asp?id 14200807 Chinese Goral on Mammal Species of the World eventoedungulate stub Category Fauna of India br Goral Sina ca G ral de la Xina de Chinesischer Goral es Naemorhedus griseus eu Naemorhedus griseus fr Nemorhaedus griseus it Naemorhedus griseus sr th zh ... more details
TROPENMUSEUM DeChinese zeilschepen Yonken Sin Tong Heng links en Tek Hwa Seng bij Poeloe Samboe TMnr ...good article For notable Indonesian people of Chinese descent List of Chinese Indonesians Infobox Ethnic group group Indonesians of Chinese Origin br small Suku Tionghoa Indonesia small br small or ... census ref name JP2012 cite news title Racism remains for Chinese Indonesians date 22 January 2012 url http www.thejakartapost.com news 2012 01 22 racism remains chinese indonesians.html work The Jakarta ... langs Indonesian language Indonesian Mandarin Chinese Mandarin Min Nan Hokkien and Teochew dialect ... br Islam Taoism Confucianism related Southern Chinese Peranakan br Overseas Chinese Infobox Chinese title Chinese Indonesians t s p Y nn Hu r n c2 poj2 n n Tn g l ng contains Chinese text Chinese Indonesians or Indonesian Chinese are Indonesians of Chinese spaced ndash particularly Han Chinese spaced ndash descent, who emigrated to Indonesia or the former Dutch East Indies colony ... population census, 2010 2010 census reported more than 8.8 million self identified ethnic Chinese ... ethnic classification policy, Chinese Indonesians were considered foreign orientals as such, they struggled ... endeavors. Evidence of discrimination against Chinese Indonesians can be found throughout the history ... of ethnic Chinese economic aptitude grew in the 1950s as Native Indonesians native Indonesian ... the stereotype that Conglomerate company conglomerate s owned by the ethnic Chinese were corrupt. Although ... on Chinese Indonesians. The basis of development of local Chinese society and culture can be based upon three pillars clan associations, ethnic media, and Chinese language schools. ref name SAA ... the period of Chinese nationalism in the final years of China s Qing Dynasty and through the Second ... 1998 the pillars of ethnic Chinese identity were dismantled in favor of Cultural assimilation assimilation policies as a solution to the Chinese Problem . Patterns of assimilation and ethnic interaction ... more details
Duara, De constructing the Chinese Nation, in The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs July ...About the political party Chinese Nationalist Party Refimprove date March 2012 File Sun Yat sen 2.jpg thumb right Chinese nationalist revolutionary leader Sun Yat sen , considered the founder of a modern ... the five great races of China red represents Han Chinese , yellow represents Manchus , blue ... and smaller islands , representing Chinese nationalists especially Kuomintang KMT supporters who ..., representing Chinese nationalists who support the PRC. Chinese nationalism zh t s p Zh nggu m nz zh y , sometimes synonymous with Chinese patriotism zh t s p igu zh y lit. Love country ideology refers to the nationalism of the Chinese people and Culture of China Chinese culture . ref name Dikotter cite journal last Dik tter first Frank title Culture, Race and Nation ... argues that it is misleading to view Chinese nationalism as a single phenomenon The tale of Chinese nationalism, or rather Chinese nationalisms, decidedly in the plural, is one that needs to be told ... of gray. ref The Many Faces of Chinese Nationalism, Harvard Asia Pacific Review http issuu.com ... Chinese nationalism has drawn from extremely diverse ideological sources including traditional Chinese thinking, American progressivism , Marxism , and Russian ethnological thought. The ideology ... Shirts Society blueshirts , and Japanese collaborationism under Wang Jingwei . Although Chinese nationalists have agreed on the desirability of a centralized Chinese state, almost every other question has been the subject of intense and sometimes bitter debate. Among the questions on which Chinese ... should be the relationships between the majority Han Chinese , List of Chinese ethnic groups minority groups , and overseas Chinese . The vast variation in how Chinese nationalism has been expressed has been noted by commentators Lucian Pye who argues that this reveals a lack of content in the Chinese ... more details
Singaporean Chinese may refer to Chinese Singaporean , the citizens or residents of Singapore who are of Chinese people Chinese Ancestral home China ancestry Singaporean Mandarin , the dialect of Mandarin Chinese spoken in Singapore see Malaysian Mandarin Singaporean Hokkien , historically the largest vernacular of the Singapore Chinese Disambig ... more details
big Han Chinese big br linktext linktext br wikt wikt image Please avoid using any political images between PRC ROC issue File Han Chinese Notable People.png 300px caption Please ... ref8 ref name thejakartapost http www.thejakartapost.com news 2008 05 26 chinese indonesians can039t ... title Recent Chinese Migrations to South Africa New Intersections of Race, Class and Ethnicity ... Costa Rica pop35 ca 40,000 ref35 ref name ciastat languages Chinese language Chinese religions Chinese folk religion Chinese Folk Religion , Mahayana Buddhism and Taoism . Background of Confucianism . ref http www.travelchinaguide.com intro nationality han Travel China Guide Han Chinese , http asia.msu.edu eastasia China religion.html Windows on Asia Chinese Religions ref Christianity and other minority faiths. related c Chinese s t p h nz myr h ndz w han tzu mi IPAc cmn h an 4 z u 2 ... in mainland China and Taiwan Han is in brown Han Chinese or Han People zh s wikt or wikt ... single ethnic group in the Earth world . Han Chinese constitute about 92 of the population of the People ... genetic, linguistic, cultural, and social diversity among the Han Chinese subgroups ... regional ethnicities and tribes within China. ref name gene The Han Chinese are a subset of the Zhonghua minzu Chinese nation Zhonghua minzu . Sometimes Han and other Chinese refer to themselves as the Descendants ... the word is derived. Han , as a word in ancient China, especially in Classical Chinese classical literary Chinese , can also mean the Milky Way , or as people in ancient China called it, the Heavenly River Tian He . Prior to the Han Dynasty, the Chinese were referred to By whom date May 2011 as Huaxia ... prosperity and culture. The Han Dynasty was considered as a classical period in Chinese civilization ..., many Chinese began addressing themselves as people of Han , a name that was since carried down. In the English language , the Han are often referred to as simply Chinese . ref http www.bartleby.com ... more details
of China bcl Tsinong Taipei da Kinesiske Taipei deChinese Taipei et Hiina Taipei es China ...contains Chinese text Chinese t linktext or s linktext p Zh nghu T ib i w Chunghua T aipei poj Tiong h a T i pak Chinese Taipei is the designated name used by the Republic of China ... employs the term Chinese Taipei at the agreement of both the ROC and the China People s Republic ... of the term Chinese Taipei as a name. The first instance that this name was used in a major international ... decided that the Beijing Olympic Committee would be the Chinese Olympic Committee and another name ..., only one Chinese Olympic Committee should be recognized. In consideration of the athletes in Taiwan ... function as a local organization of China and still remain in the Olympic Movement in the name of the Chinese ... blockquote Image Flag of Chinese Taipei for Olympic games.svg thumb Chinese Taipei Olympic flag In November ... would be recognized as the Chinese Taipei Olympic Committee , and its athletes would compete under the name Chinese Taipei . ref name Liu Cite web url http www.tpa.gov.tw upfile www Pdf E8 AB 96 E6 ... Ping year 2007 format PDF language Traditional Chinese ref ref name Chao Cite web url http old.npf.org.tw ... Li Yun date 2001 11 02 publisher National Policy Foundation language Traditional Chinese ref The National ... Games Lake Placid, USA, 1980 ref The Chinese nationalism asserted by the top leadership of the ROC ... name Lin cite news title How Chinese Taipei came about author Catherine K. Lin url http www.taipeitimes.com ... The ROC leadership insisted that there be some kind of Chinese ness to the name under which the island ... repeated contention recorded in the ministry reports is that both parts of divided China are Chinese territories and the people in one part are no less Chinese than those in the other. Another argument ... and not made in France. Finally, it was argued that the people of the ROC were Chinese and not Taiwanese ... Taipei capital city , the ROC government finally formulated the name Chinese Taipei, instead of accepting ... more details
Chinese Soviet or Soviet Chinese may refer to Chinese Soviet Republic Sino Soviet relations Individual Chinese people in the Soviet Union, or the soviets which represented them there see Dungan people Chinese people in Russia Soviet Russia Languages of Chinese people in the Soviet Union Dungan language Latinxua Sin Wenz script, the Soviet invented alphabet for writing Chinese See also Russian Chinese disambiguation Communist Party of China disambig ... more details
with subject, verb, and object. The Chinese version is simply, , . M ma g i w men de qi n ... de r j ngzh ng . Using the Chinese order in English, that sentence would be Yesterday got angry foreign ... D o M n h i y o du sh o qi n? I don t speak Chinese very well. . . W de H ny ...Other uses Infobox language name Standard Chinese nativename P t nghu br Gu y states People s Republic of China , Republic of China Taiwan , Singapore familycolor Sino Tibetan fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Mandarin Chinese Mandarin fam4 Beijing dialect nation PRC People s Republic ... zh ref http www.china language.gov.cn Chinese ref br In the ROC National Languages Committee ... Contains Chinese text Image Map of sinitic languages en.svg right thumb 250px Map of eastern China and Taiwan , showing the historic distribution of all the varieties of Mandarin Chinese in light brown. Standard Chinese is based on the particular dialect of Mandarin spoken in Beijing. Infobox Chinese ... Hu y w3 huay myr3 hw y Standard Chinese or Modern Standard Chinese , also known as Mandarin , Putonghua and Modern Standard Mandarin , is a Language planning Standardization standardized Chinese language variety of Chinese and the official language of the People s Republic of China ref name langlaw ... s Republic of China on the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language Order of the President No.37 ... and written Chinese language means Putonghua a common speech with pronunciation based on the Beijing dialect and the standardized Chinese characters. ref and the Republic of China Taiwan , and is one of the Languages of Singapore four official languages of Singapore . The phonology of Standard Chinese ... and diverse group of Chinese dialect s spoken across northern, central and southwestern China a linguistic area whose variety linguistics varieties are collectively known as Mandarin Chinese . The grammar is standardized to the body of modern literary works that define written vernacular Chinese originally ... more details
Chinese civilization may refer to China for more general discussion of the country. History of China Chinese culture Greater China , the transnational community of ethnic Chinese. Sinosphere , the area historically affected by Chinese culture See also China disambiguation disambiguation ... more details
Chinese Italian or Italian Chinese may refer to Chinese people in Italy Italians in China , such as People s Republic of China Italy relations Republic of China Italy relations Mixed race people of Chinese and Italian descent disambig ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
