on the North Caucasianlanguages for details. On the other hand, there are no known affinities between South Caucasian and the northern languages, which are two unrelated phyla even in Joseph H. Greenberg Greenberg s deep classification of the world s languages. Ibero Caucasian therefore remains ...Infobox language family name Ibero Caucasian altname region Caucasus familycolor Caucasian family child1 Northwest Caucasianlanguages Northwest Caucasian child2 Northeast Caucasianlanguages Northeast Caucasian child3 Kartvelian languages The term Ibero Caucasian or Iberian Caucasian was proposed by Georgia country Georgian linguist Arnold Chikobava for the union of the three language families that are specific to the Caucasus area, namely Kartvelian languages Northwest Caucasianlanguages Northwest Caucasian , also called Abkhaz Adygh or Circassian Northeast Caucasianlanguages Northeast Caucasian , now called Nakh Dagestanian. The Northeast family is assumed to include the Nakh languages Bats language Batsbi , Chechen language Chechen , and Ingush language Ingush , which were formerly classified as a separate North central Caucasian family. The Ibero Caucasian group would also include three extinct languages Hattic language Hattic , which has been connected by some linguists to the Northwest Circassian family, and Hurrian language Hurrian and Urartian language Urartian , which have been connected to the Northeast Nakh Dagestanian family. See the articles on the two families for more ... name refers to Caucasian Iberia a kingdom centered in Eastern Georgia country Georgia which ... . See also Chikobava Institute of Linguistics Languages of the Caucasus Main research centers http ... Caucasian Linguistics Tbilisi . Revue de Kartvelologie et Caucasologie Paris . Bibliography ... and Revival of the Ibero Caucasian Hypothesis , Historiographia Linguistica Vol. 35, No. 1 2., pp. 23 82. Category Proposed language families Category Languages of the Caucasus es Lenguas bero ... more details
proposed, none of these has received mainstream acceptance child1 Northwest Caucasianlanguages Northwest Caucasian child2 Northeast Caucasianlanguages Northeast or Alarodian languages Alarodian iso5 ccn map Caucasic languages.svg mapcaption North Caucasianlanguages Col begin Col 2 West Caucasian legend D9196D Circassian legend FF6C60 Abkhaz legend FFC173 Ubykh extinct Col 2 East Caucasian legend ... Lezgic and Khinalug Col end North Caucasianlanguages sometimes called simply Caucasic as opposed to Kartvelian languages Kartvelian , and to avoid confusion with the concept of Caucasian race is a blanket ... the Northwest Caucasianlanguages Northwest Caucasian family Pontic, Abkhaz Adyghe, Circassian, West Caucasian and the Northeast Caucasianlanguages Northeast Caucasian family Caspian, Nakh Dagestanian, East Caucasian the latter includes the former North central Caucasianlanguages North central Caucasian Nakh family. Some linguists, notably Sergei Starostin and Sergei Nikolayev , believe that the two ... 34 to 38 distinct living or extinct North Caucasianlanguages. ref name Ethnologue http www.ethnologue.com show family.asp?subid 214 16 Ethnologue report on the North Caucasian group ref Internal classification Among the linguists who support the North Caucasian hypothesis, the main split between Northeast Caucasian and Northwest Caucasian is considered uncontroversial. Problems ... Caucasianlanguages are characterised by great morphological complexity in the noun . For example ..., C Colarusso small Criticism Not all scholars accept the unity of the North Caucasianlanguages, and some ... Non Slavic Languages NSL Conference, Chicago, 8 10 May 1997. ref See also Den CaucasianlanguagesLanguages of the Caucasus South Caucasianlanguages References Reflist Language families Languages ...Infobox language family name North Caucasian altname Caucasic region Caucasus familycolor Caucasian family ..., S., and S. Starostin. 1994 North Caucasian Etymological Dictionary . Moscow Asterisk Press. http starling.rinet.ru ... more details
familycolor Caucasian family North Caucasianlanguages North Caucasian ? child1 Abazgi languages Abazgi ... Caucasianlanguages , are a group of languages spoken in the Caucasus region, chiefly in Russia ... Proto Indo European which once neighboured Proto NWC. Grammar Northwest Caucasianlanguages have ... verb s, with dynamic verbs having an especially complex morphology. All Northwest Caucasianlanguages ... languages in the Northwest Caucasian family Abkhaz language Abkhaz , Abaza language Abaza , Kabardian ... Caucasianlanguages. It has 500,000 speakers spread throughout Russia and the Middle East 280,000 in Turkey ... Caucasian proto language problematic most roots in Northwest Caucasianlanguages are monosyllabic ... homophone homophony occurs in the modern languages. For these reasons, Proto Northwest Caucasian ... Caucasianlanguages , other Caucasian language groups, Hattic and other languages of ancient Anatolia ... West Caucasianlanguages may be genetically related to the Indo European languages Indo European family ... Caucasian family Many linguists join the Northwest and Northeast Caucasianlanguages into a North Caucasianlanguages North Caucasian family, sometimes simply called Kavkazian in opposition to South Caucasianlanguages Kartvelian South Caucasian , which is thought to be unrelated, albeit heavily influenced ... Caucasianlanguages for details, as well as the external links below. Higher level connections ... languages North Caucasian including Northwest Caucasian , Basque language Basque , Burushaski language ... Page for Northwest Caucasianlanguages http www.lib.utexas.edu maps commonwealth ethnocaucasus.jpg ... of the CaucasianLanguages with detailed Language Guide by Yuri B. Koryakov A Comparative Dictionary of North CaucasianLanguages http starling.rinet.ru Texts caucpref.pdf Preface by Sergei Starostin ... Ancient Adyghe Abkhaz Abaza Ubykh alphabet Language families DEFAULTSORT Northwest CaucasianLanguages Category Northwest Caucasianlanguages Category Agglutinative languagesCaucasianlanguages ... more details
Caucasianlanguages . Name of the family Several names have been in use for this family. The most ... language area Northeast Caucasian, Northwest Caucasianlanguages Northwest Caucasian , and South Caucasian Kartvelian languages Kartvelian . This may be shortened to East Caucasian, especially by those linguists who accept the North Caucasianlanguages as a language family. The older term Nakho Dagestanian ... used in opposition to Pontic that is, bordering the Black Sea for the Northwest Caucasianlanguages ... and Northwest Caucasianlanguages should be joined into a putative North Caucasianlanguages ... to include the South Caucasianlanguages South Caucasian Kartvelian family . However, this hypothesis ... languages Alarodian for the union of Hurro Urartian and Northeast Caucasian. Agricultural vocabulary ... http multitree.org codes ecau MultiTree Page for Northeast Caucasianlanguages http www.ethnologue.com ... Northeast CaucasianLanguages Category Northeast Caucasianlanguages Category Agglutinative languagesCaucasianlanguages Category Languages of Azerbaijan Category Languages of Russia Category Language ...Refimprove date September 2008 Infobox language family name Northeast Caucasian altname Nakh o Dag h estanian, Caspian region Caucasus familycolor Caucasian fam1 North Caucasianlanguages North Caucasian ? fam2 Alarodian languages Alarodian ? child1 Nakh languages Nakh child2 Avar Andic languages Avar Andic child3 Tsezic languages Tsezic Didoic child4 Lak language Lak child5 Dargin languages Dargin child6 Khinalug language Khinalug child7 Lezgic languages Lezgic map Northeast Caucasian languages.png mapcaption legend E2E27E Nakh languages Nakh legend 86CF8C Avar Andic languages Avar Andic legend FFA3B1 Tsezic languages Tsezic legend 4693B2 Dargin languages Dargin legend 3C3276 Lak language Lak legend CAFE5B Lezgic languages Lezgic legend FF3300 Khinalug language Khinalug The Northeast Caucasianlanguages constitute a language family spoken in the Russia n republics of Dagestan , Chechnya ... more details
Proto Den Caucasian child1 Na Den languages Na Den including Haida language Haida child2 North CaucasianlanguagesCaucasian child3 Sino Tibetan languages Sino Tibetan child4 Yeniseian languages ... mapcaption Den Caucasian is a proposed language family that includes the Sino Tibetan languages Sino Tibetan , North Caucasianlanguages North Caucasian , Na Den languages Na Den , and Yeniseian ... , etc. , became the first to put the idea that the Caucasian, Yeniseian and Sino Tibetan languages ... Vajda 2000b , refVajd00c Vajda 2000c , refVajd00d Vajda 2000d , Den Caucasianlanguages Vajda ... Caucasianlanguages. ref See refBeng96 Bengtson 1996 , refBeng97a Bengtson 1997 , refBeng97b Bengtson ... a number of lexical and phonological correspondences between the North Caucasian, Salishan languages ... Caucasianlanguages Northeast Caucasian unity Avar Andi Tsezian , which took place around ... of Proto North Caucasian by Starostin and Nikolayev. ref name ReferenceA See Den Caucasianlanguages ... systems of the North CaucasianlanguagesCaucasianlanguages the sound correspondences between ... Den Caucasian, like I vs me throughout Indo European. In the presumed daughter languages some of the roots ... small Proto br Basque language Basque small small Proto br North CaucasianlanguagesCaucasian small ... sup Den Caucasianlanguages 7 sup span wV gu go Kwa V k V span id pron.link.08 sup pron.note.08 8 sup span ax k V u Vn na span id pron.link.09 sup Den Caucasianlanguages 9 sup span u o n ... sup Den Caucasianlanguages 6 sup span Tlingit u x u a IPA , Eyak IPA x , IPA x . span id pron.link.07 sup Den Caucasianlanguages 7 sup span Masculine verb prefix. span id pron.note.08 sup pron.link.08 ... , Eyak IPA i thou . span id pron.link.09 sup Den Caucasianlanguages 9 sup span Feminine verb prefix ... pre and infixes Noun classification occurs in the North Caucasianlanguages, Burushaski, Yeniseian ... a sup span Proto North CaucasianlanguagesCaucasian span id clas.link.b sup clas.note.b b sup span ... more details
pp move vandalism small yes Wiktionary Caucasian may refer to Anything from the Caucasus region Peoples of the Caucasus , humans from the Caucasus region Languages of the Caucasus , languages spoken in the Caucasus region Caucasian race , a racial classification of human beings A term sometimes used to describe white people Specifically in US English, denoting White American s Certain types of animals Brown Caucasian cattle , a cattle breed North Caucasian pig , a pig breed Caucasian Snowcock , a type of bird Caucasian Shepherd Dog , a dog breed The Caucasian Chalk Circle , a play by Bertolt Brecht Caucasian, a nickname for a White Russian cocktail Caucasian Review of International Affairs , online scholarly journal See also Caucasophobia, racism in Russia toward native Caucasus inhabitants Caucasia disambiguation Caucasus disambiguation Kavkazsky disambiguation Afro Abkhazian Abkhaz people Abkhazian s are a native Caucasian ethnic group Disambig de Kaukasier es Cauc sico fr Caucasien ru ... more details
Caucasian peoples may refer to The Peoples of the Caucasus , various ethnic groups inhabiting the Caucasus region Peoples speaking the languages restricted to the Caucasus area Kartvelian languages Kartvelian , Northwest Caucasianlanguages Northwest Caucasian , and Northeast Caucasianlanguages Northeast CaucasianCaucasian race disambiguation ru ... more details
South Caucasian can refer to South Caucasianlanguages South Caucasian peoples South Caucasus disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
North Caucasian may refer to North Caucasus North Caucasianlanguages North Caucasian peoples Disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Kabalak , Barda, Azerbaijan Partav common languagesCaucasian Albanian language Caucasian Albanian ... url http books.google.com books?id CquTz6ps5YgC&pg PA27&dq ref Alphabet and languagesCaucasian Albanian ... century. ref name Bosworth Whether Arranian is related to Caucasian Albanian languages cannot be determined ... period is believed to have belonged to either the Northeast Caucasianlanguages Northeast Caucasian peoples ref name Bosworth or the South Caucasianlanguages South Caucasian peoples . ref ... Infobox Former Country conventional long name Caucasian Albania common name Caucasian Albania era ... map Ancient countries of Transcaucasia.jpg image map caption Borders of Arsacid kingdom Caucasian Albania ... 1987, et al ref Parthian language Parthian Ardhan , Middle Persian Arran usually referred to as Caucasian ... is unknown ref name Hewsen Robert H. Hewsen. Ethno History and the Armenian Influence upon the Caucasian ... The name of the country in the language of the native population, the Caucasian Albanians, is not known ... A vank is the Armenian language Armenia n name for Caucasian Albania. Armenian authors mention ... the Ancient Caucasian Albania. . , . , 1864, ... Aghu Armenian for sweet, soft, tender , which, he said, was the nickname of Caucasian Albania s first ... as the name of the legendary founder of Caucasian Albania Aghvan or even as the Iranic tribe known ... although modern theories tend to place this in the east of Iran. File Aghuank.jpg thumb 260px Caucasian Albania until 387 Geography In pre Islamic times, Caucasian Albania Arran was a wider concept ... between the rivers of Kura and Araks. ref name Bosworth The ancient Caucasian Albania lay on the south eastern part of the Greater Caucasus mountains. It was bounded by Caucasian Iberia present day Georgia ... of Caucasian Albania, sometimes referred to by scholars as Greater Albania, ref name atlas grew ... city Ganja , along with others. Ethnogenesis Originally, the Caucasian Albanians apparently spoke ... more details
About the peoples of the Caucasus Mountains Peoples of the Caucasus other uses of the term CaucasianCaucasian disambiguation Image Europaeid types.jpg thumb 300px right Meyers Blitz Lexikon Weimar Republic ... Afghans Iranid race . The term Caucasian race also Caucasoid , Europid , or Europoid ref For a contrast ... of Europeans from the Caucasus . The term Caucasian race was coined by the German philosopher Christoph ... of the face, for example the Germans and the Tartars he considered Caucasian, and the best looking, while .... ref Painter, Nell Irvin. Yale University. Why White People are Called Caucasian? September ... Caucasian Variety , for a new major hypothetical racial division. ref name Blum University of Pennsylvania ... named it after the Peoples of the Caucasus Caucasian peoples from the South Caucasus Southern Caucasus region , whom he considered to be the archetype for the grouping. ref Caucasian variety I have taken ... derived from the region of the Caucasus. ref Unlike Meiners, Blumenbach based his classification of the Caucasian ... skinned Europeans. ref Baum, Bruce David. The Rise and Fall of the Caucasian Race A Political History .... ref Alongside the anthropologist Georges Cuvier , Blumenbach classified the Caucasian race by cranial ... more than just the palest Europeans white, cheeks rosy as archetypes for the Caucasian race. ref On the Natural ... measurements. Caucasian traits were recognised as thin nasal aperture nose narrow , a small mouth ... came to recognise other Caucasian morphological features, such as prominent supraorbital ridges and a sharp ... Caucasian as it had fallen out of usage. ref People and races , Alice Mossie Brues, Waveland Press, 1990, notes how the term Caucasoid replaced Caucasian. ref The physical traits of Caucasoid crania ... race Aryan Indo European languages Indo European , Semitic race Semitic Semitic languages and Hamitic race Hamitic Berber languages Berber Cushitic languages Cushitic Egyptian language Egyptian . File ... outpost of the Caucasian racial region . In reference to Coon s postulated five basic races ... more details
Refimprove talk y date February 2010 Infobox Former Country native name conventional long name Caucasian Imamate common name The Imamate continent Europe region Caucasus status Imamate era government type D v n year start 1828 year end 1859 event start The Caucasian War Gazawat begins, the Imamate is established to combat the Russians event end Overthrown by the Russian Empire date post March April 1918 s1 Russian Empire flag s1 Flag of Russia.svg image coat image flag Thirdimamateflag.svg national motto national anthem religion Islam title leader Imam year leader1 1828 1832 leader1 Ghazi Muhammad year leader2 1832 1834 leader2 Gamzat bek year leader3 1834 1859 leader3 Imam Shamil year leader4 1918 leader4 Najmuddin Hotso languages Arabic as religious language, Turkish as governmental language and lingua franga, and Avar and Kumyk elevated in other purposes Not to be confused with the Caucasus Emirate The Caucasian Imamate also known as the Caucasus Imamate was the state established by the imam s in Dagestan and Chechnya during the early and middle of the 19th century in the Northern Caucasus , to fight against the Russian Empire during the Caucasian War , where Russia sought to conquer ... array of states. Caucasian Albania had existed in Southern Dagestan, but was overrun and converted ..., in Central and Western Dagestan. These areas had always lied far outside the influence of Caucasian ..., the indigenous Caucasian elites of states run by Avars, Kumyks, Lezgins, Laks and others particularly ... imams, resulting in a victory for Ghazi and Shamil. Though, this action would start the Caucasian War .... Its politics were always concerned with the furthering of Islam or the Caucasian War. As such, the only ... palace. Shamil agreed, and The Caucasian Imamate was no more. However, fighting did not immediately ... on his fight in Chechnya, meanwhile, North Caucasian nationalists of various creeds similarly went ... Kaziev Shapi Kaziev, Shapi . Siege of Akhoulgo Akhoulgo . Caucasian War Caucasian War of XIX th ... more details
Pappas, Nicholas Charles Pappas, pg. 58 ref langs Avar language Avar related Northeast Caucasianlanguages Northeast Caucasian peoples The Caucasian Avars are one of several ethnic groups living in the Russian ... region, the Caucasian Avars live in ancient villages located approximately 2,000 m above sea level ... September volume 131 issue 3 ref and the Avar language spoken by the Caucasian Avars people belongs to the Northeast Caucasianlanguages Northeast Caucasian language family also known as Nakh Dagestanian . Description The Avars are Northern Caucasian people who speak the Caucasian language. The tribe ... Britannica , 2012 ref was the so called Turanian languages Turanian nomad people, which to make ... ethnic groups speaking related languages, numbered about 1.04 million, of which 814,500 live in Russia ... of the North Caucasian population is not underlined and they are considered as ethnic Turks . According ... Caucasian etymological dictionary . Moscow, 1994 ref in the proto avarian language is here glottal ... Avar Koysu All the three listed words are typical for ancient lexicon of the Iranian languages Parthia ... confirms, that the district Agran corresponds to the Caucasian Avaria. ref Bakikhanov A.K. Gulistan ... of Avars Caucasian when it mentions the ...traces of a Mongol residue in Daghestan . ref http www.iranicaonline.org articles altaic the altaic peoples and languages are distributed around 45 north ... of the Alarodian Northeast Caucasian or Nakh Dagestanian language family. The writing is based ... to the head of the Soviet archaeological ethnographic expedition of 1945 1948, these Caucasian ... the Caucasian Avars now live. It is not clear whether or in what way these Avars are related to the early ... 1834 59 . This Caucasian War raged until 1864, when the Avarian Khanate was abolished and the Avarian ... more details
Caucasian Sketches lang ru is a pair of orchestral suite s written in 1894 and 1896 by the Russian composer Mikhail Ippolitov Ivanov . The Caucasian Sketches is the most often performed of his compositions and can be heard frequently on European classical music classical radio station s. The final movement of the Caucasian Sketches, Suite No. 1 , entitled Procession of the Sardar lang fr Cort ge du Sardar also popularly known as March of the Sardar or Sardar s March , is often heard by itself, and is a favorite of Pops concerts. Influences of the Caucasian Sketches The orchestral songs of the Caucasian Sketches were influenced by the Georgia country Georgian folk songs that Ippolitov Ivanov heard during his years as director of the music school music conservatory and conductor of the orchestra in Tbilisi , the principal city of Georgia country Georgia and during his visits to the surrounding Caucasus Mountains . Ippolitov Ivanov had studied at the St. Petersburg Conservatory under the composer Nikolai Rimsky Korsakov , a master of orchestration , whose style of beats and chimes is reflected in the songs of the Caucasian Sketches . Caucasian Sketches, Suite No. 1 Main Caucasian Sketches, Suite No. 1 Caucasian Sketches, Suite No. 1 , Op. 10 1894 consists of four songs or parts. The suite begins with a vibrant song, In a Mountain Pass , which is characterized by a steady ambitious beat suggesting the steep Caucasus Mountains and makes one feel like a bird flying over them. The second song, In a Village , has a steady beat and becomes more vibrant near the end. The title of a third, In a Mosque , reflects the abundance of mosque s in the once Turkey Turkish Caucausus .... Caucasian Sketches, Suite No. 2 Main Caucasian Sketches, Suite No. 2 Caucasian Sketches, Suite No. 2 ... called Caucasian Iberia Iveria Iberia , the name given by the Greeks and Romans to the ancient kingdom ... 8.553405 Caucasian Sketches Suites Nos. 1 and 2 and other orchestral works by Ippolitov Ivanov, performed ... more details
This article was auto generated by User Polbot . Taxobox name Caucasian Shrew image status LR lc status system IUCN2.3 regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Mammalia ordo Soricomorpha familia Soricidae genus Sorex species S. satunini binomial Sorex satunini binomial authority Sergej Ognew Ognev , 1922 synonyms range map Caucasian Shrew area.png range map caption Caucasian Shrew range The Caucasian Shrew Sorex satunini is a species of mammal in the Soricidae family. It is found in Russia and Turkey . References Insectivore Specialist Group 1996. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 41415 all Sorex satunini . http www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 30 July 2007. Soricomorpha S2. Category Sorex redtoothed shrew stub ca Musaranya del Caucas es Sorex satunini eu Sorex satunini ... more details
Caucaus Front or Caucasian Front may have one of the following meanings Caucasus Front Russian Republic , the designation for the main army of the Russian Republic successor to the Russian Caucasus Army World War I Caucasus Army of the Imperial Russian Army in the Caucasus in World War I from April 1917 until its dissolution. Soviet Caucasian Front , Soviet army group of World War II Caucasian Front Chechen War , an area of operations beyond Chechnya announced by Chechen rebels during the Second Chechen War See also Caucasus Army North Caucasus Front Transcaucasian Front disambig cs Kavkazsk front de Kaukasusfront ru uk ... more details
Infobox former country native name conventional long name Caucasian Iberia common name Iberia continent Europe region Caucasus country Georgia era Classical Antiquity Antiquity status Monarchy Kingdom status text empire government type Monarchy Rise and fall, events, years and dates only fill in the start end event entry if a specific article exists. Don t just say abolition or declaration year start 302 BC year end 580 AD year exile start Year of start of exile if dealing with exiled government status Exile year exile end Year of end of exile leave blank if still in exile event start Pharnavaz ... caption Caucasian Iberia and Colchis image map2 image map2 alt image map2 caption capital Armazi br ... national anthem common languages Georgian language Georgian religion Paganism br Hellenistic civilization ... Domitian, Brian W. Jones, p. 156. ref The term Caucasus geographic region Caucasian Iberia or Eastern ... of Spain , Portugal and Andorra are located. The Caucasian Iberians provided a basis for later Georgian ... languages Kartvelian designation for Georgians. ref name SAE hy icon Suren Yeremyan Yeremyan, Suren ... called Caucasian Iberians Iberians the Eastern Iberians by ancient authors. Locals called their country ... against Caucasian Albania Albania . File RomanEmpire 117.svg thumb left 250px Iberia during the Roman ... of Caucasian Iberia again as a vassal state and acknowledged the reign over all the Caucasian area .... Formally a vassal of the Persians, he secured the northern borders by subjugating the Caucasian ... of Caucasian Iberia called the Eastern Iberians . It has been advocated by various ancient ... Georgians of the West , as he called them. Citation needed date October 2010 See also Caucasian Iberians , eastern Georgians. Colchians , western Georgians. Dzalisi Roman Georgia Caucasian Albania Iberia ..., Robert W. Rewriting Caucasian History 1996 ISBN 0 19 826373 2 Braund, David. Georgia in Antiquity ... . Studies in Christian Caucasian History . Washington D.C. Georgetown University Press, 1963 Ancient ... more details
Refimprove date February 2009 No footnotes date February 2009 Taxobox name Caucasian Wisent status EW status system iucn3.1 image CaucasianBison Demidoff1898.png image width 250px image caption An image of a killed Caucasian Bison from E. Demidoff s book Hunting Trips in The Caucasus 1889 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Artiodactyla familia Bovidae genus Bison species Wisent B. bonasus subspecies B. b. caucasicus trinomial Bison bonasus caucasicus trinomial authority Turkin et Satunin , 1904 The Caucasian Wisent Bison bonasus caucasicus was a subspecies of Wisent that inhabited the Caucasus Mountains of Eastern Europe . It was hunted by the Caspian Tiger and the Asiatic Lion until 10th century in the Caucasus , as well as other predators such as wolves and bear s. Decline and extinction In the 17th century, the Caucasian wisent still populated a large area of the Western Caucasus . After that human settlement in the mountains intensified and the range of the Caucasian wisent became reduced to about one tenth of its original range at the end of the 19th century. In the 1860s the population numbered still about 2000, but was reduced to only 500 600 in 1917, and only 50 in 1921. ref name Lidia Lidia V. Zablotskaya, Mikhail A. Zablotsky and Marina M. Zablotskaya ... and in 1927, the three last Caucasian bison were killed ref name Bashkirov Bashkirov I.S. 1939. Caucasian European bison . In Caucasian European bison . Council of the People s Commissars of the RSFSR ... survivors Image ubr Bison bonasus.jpg thumb left A hybrid in Pozna New Zoo Only one Caucasian ... one of the 12 ancestors of the present Lowland Caucasian breeding line of the European wisent pedigree ... bison hybrids were released into the Caucasian Biosphere Reserve and later in 1959 in the Nalchik Forestry Game Management Unit Kabardino Balkariya . Later some pure blood wisent of the Lowland Caucasian ... Website Caucasian European Bison Bison bonasus caucasicus . http www.ultimateungulate.com ... more details
Unreferenced stub type animal auto yes date December 2009 Taxobox name Caucasian Moose status EX regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Artiodactyla familia Cervidae genus Alces species Moose A. alces subspecies A. a. caucasicus trinomial Alces alces caucasicus trinomial authority Weretschagin , 1955 The Caucasian Moose Alces alces caucasicus was a subspecies of moose found in the Caucasus Mountains of Eastern Europe and Asia Minor . It is widely believed to be extinct . It has often been confused with the European Elk , leading to debate regarding the possibility that some members of the species have survived however, the European Elk lives in Scandinavia and the Baltic States , whereas the Caucasian Moose lived in Eastern Europe and Western Siberia . The species was quite common until the mid 19th century, when populations began to decrease. Among its predators were the Asiatic lion until 10th century , bear s, wolves , Persian leopard leopard s and the Caspian tiger . See also List of extinct animals of Europe Category Mammal extinctions since 1500 Category Megafauna of Eurasia Category Extinct mammals Category Extinct mammals of Europe Even toed ungulate stub ... more details
This article was auto generated by User Polbot . Taxobox name Caucasian Mole image status LR lc status system IUCN2.3 regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Mammalia ordo Soricomorpha familia Talpidae genus Talpa genus Talpa species T. caucasica binomial Talpa caucasica binomial authority Konstantin Alexeevitsch Satunin Satunin , 1908 synonyms The Caucasian Mole Talpa caucasica is a species of mammal in the Talpidae family. It is Endemism endemic to Russia . References Insectivore Specialist Group 1996. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 41480 all Talpa caucasica . http www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 30 July 2007. Soricomorpha T. Category Mammals of Russia Category Talpidae Category Endemic fauna of Russia soricomorpha stub ca Talp del Caucas es Talpa caucasica eu Talpa caucasica hu Kauk zusi vakond pl Talpa caucasica ru tr Kafkas k stebe i ... more details
Caucasian Albania Albania as their ally. While another Georgian kingdom of Colchis was administered ... a vassal of the Persians, he secured the northern borders by subjugating the Caucasian mountaineers ... to trace the presence of Caucasian Iberians in the region for several millennia. The Iberian tribes ... Caucasian language group. There are multiple theories regarding the origin of the name Iberian ... common ethnic and linguistic origins of Caucasian Iberians with the ancient Iberians of the Iberian ... more details
as a way to promote awareness of the bird and its habitat. ref cite web title Doga Dernegi Caucasian ... Category Birds of Turkey Category Birds of Iran Grouse, Caucasian kbd az Qafqaz tetras ... more details
This article was auto generated by User Polbot . Taxobox name Caucasian Salamander status VU status system IUCN3.1 regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Amphibia ordo Caudata familia Salamandridae genus Mertensiella species M. caucasica binomial Mertensialla caucasica binomial authority Waga, 1876 synonyms The Caucasian Salamander Mertensiella caucasica is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family. It is found in Georgia country Georgia and Turkey . Its natural habitat s are temperate forest s and river s. It is the only member of its genus, and is threatened by habitat loss . Subspecies Mertensiella caucasica caucasica Waga , 1876 Mertensiella caucasica djanaschvilii Tartarachvili et Bakradze , 1989 References Papenfuss, T., Kuzmin, S., Tarkhnishvili, D., Tuniyev, B., Sparreboom, M., Ugurtas, I., Anderson, S., Eken, G., Kili , T. & Gem, E. 2004. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 13198 all Mertensiella caucasica . http www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 9 July 2007. Michael Veith, Sebastian Steinfartz, 2004. When non monophyly results in taxonomic consequences the case of Mertensiella within the Salamandridae Amphibia Urodela . Salamandra 40, 67 80. Category Salamandridae Salamandridae stub br Sourd Kaokaz de Kaukasus Salamander fr Mertensiella caucasica ka lt Kaukazin salamandra nl Mertensiella caucasica pl Salamandra kaukaska pt Mertensiella caucasica ru sr Mertensiella caucasica tr Kafkas semenderi ... more details
This article was auto generated by User Polbot . Taxobox name Caucasian Toad image Bufo verrucosissimus Ust Labunsk 02.jpg status NT status system IUCN3.1 regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Amphibia ordo Anura familia Bufonidae genus Bufo species B. verrucosissimus binomial Bufo verrucosissimus binomial authority Peter Simon Pallas Pallas , 1814 synonyms Bufo colchicus Eichwald, 1831 Rana caucasica Pallas, 1814 The Caucasian Toad Bufo verrucosissimus is a species of toad in the Bufonidae family. It is found in Azerbaijan , Georgia country Georgia , Iran , Russia , and Turkey . Its natural habitat s are temperate forest s, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, intermittent river s, rural gardens, pond s, and aquaculture pond s. It is threatened by habitat loss . References Kuzmin, S., St ck, M., Papenfuss, T., Rastegar Pouyani, N., Ugurtas, I., Anderson, S., Tarkhnishvili, D., Ananjeva, N., Orlov, N. & Tuniyev, B. 2004. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 39421 all Bufo verrucosissimus . http www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 21 July 2007. commonscat inline Bufo verrucosissimus Category Bufo Category Amphibians of Asia Category Amphibians of Europe Category Fauna of the Middle East Category Near threatened animals Category Animals described in 1814 Bufonidae stub ca Bufo verrucosissimus fr Bufo verrucosissimus vi Bufo verrucosissimus ... more details
Taxobox name Caucasian Snowcock image Tetraogallus caucasicus.jpg status LC status system IUCN3.1 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Bird Aves ordo Galliformes familia Phasianidae subfamilia Perdicinae genus Tetraogallus species T. caucasicus binomial Tetraogallus caucasicus binomial authority Peter Simon Pallas Pallas , 1811 The Caucasian Snowcock , Tetraogallus caucasicus , is a snowcock in the pheasant family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes , gallinaceous birds. It is Endemic ecology endemic to the Caucasus Mountains , particularly the Western Caucasus , where it breeds at altitudes from 2000 4000 m on bare stony mountains. It nests in a bare ground scrape and lays typically 5 6 greenish eggs, which are incubated only by the female. Its food is seeds and vegetable matter. It forms small flocks when not breeding. This is a 50 60 cm long bird . Its plumage is patterned with grey, brown, white and black, but this snowcock looks grey from any distance. The breast is darker and the flanks ruddier than the rest of the body. It has a white throat and a white patch on the side of the neck. The nape is rust coloured. In flight, this wary bird shows white flight feathers and undertail, and reddish sides to the tail. Male and female plumages are similar, but the juvenile is slightly smaller and duller in appearance. Caucasian Snowcock has a desolate whistling song, vaguely like a Eurasian Curlew , sooo looo leeee . The calls include loud cackles and bubbled buck buck buck buck burrrrrr . galliformes stub References IUCN2006 assessors BirdLife International year 2004 id 46995 title Tetraogallus caucasicus downloaded 11 May 2006 Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern Pheasants, Partridges and Grouse by Madge and McGowan, ISBN 0 7136 3966 0 Category Snowcocks Category Western Palearctic restricted range endemic bird species kbd az Qafqaz ular ca Gall nival del Caucas de Kaukasusk nigshuhn eo Ka kaza ne okoko ... more details
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