Quasi experiment . References reflist 2 wikiversity Independent variable wikiversity Dependent variable DEFAULTSORT Dependent And IndependentVariables Category Design of experiments Category Regression ... and those being created by it, where the latter dependentvariables are dependent on the former independentvariables . Citation needed date December 2008 Simplified example The independent variable .... The designation independentdependent is clear in this case, because if a correlation is found, it cannot ... y in terms of x , then y is known as a dependent variable and x is an independent variable . Use ... variable determine the values of the dependent variable. The independent variable ... of the independent variable on the dependent. Every experiment has a controlling variable ... date December 2008 Extraneous variables are those that might affect the relationship between the independent and dependentvariables. Extraneous variables are usually not theoretically interesting ... the relationship between caffeine and memory. In summary Independentvariables answer the question What do I change? Dependentvariables answer the question What do I observe? Controlled variables ... In statistics, the dependentindependent variable terminology is used more widely than just in relation ... involve treating each in turn as the dependent variable and the other as the independent variable ... anchor explanatory variable is preferable as quantities treated as independentvariables are rarely ... 9 entries for independent variable and regression ref A dependent variable is also known as a response ... be the amount of fertilizer used the changing factor of the experiment . The dependentvariables ... could compare the frequency and intensity of symptoms the dependentvariables when different doses ... December 2008 Manipulated versus subject variables Up to this point, the term independent variable ...pp semi indef small yes expiry February 26, 2009 Refimprove date December 2008 The terms dependent variable ... more details
In the Goidelic languages , dependent and independent verb forms are distinct verb forms each tense of each ... marks negation, or a question, or has some other force. The dependent verb forms are used after a particle, while independent forms are used when the verb is not subject to a particle. For example, in Irish language Irish , the past tense of the verb lang ga feic to see has two forms the independent form lang ga chonaic and the dependent form lang ga faca . The independent form is used when no particle ... to lang ga fhaca pronounced IPA ak . ref Old Irish The distinction between dependent and independent ... name McCone1987 2 class wikitable Without particle br independent With particle br dependent Gloss ... 50 ref For example class wikitable IndependentDependent Gloss lang gd glacaidh lang gd glac will grasp ... lang gd ruig will reach In other irregular verbs, the independentdependent distinction found in both .... ref name Calder219 29 For example class wikitable IndependentDependent Gloss lang gd ch .... For example ref Broderick 1993, 248 56 ref class wikitable IndependentDependent Gloss lang gv tilgee ... prototonic distinction of Old Irish are found in the independentdependent distinction in some irregular verbs, for example ref Broderick 1984 86, 1 75 92 ref class wikitable IndependentDependent ... ref class wikitable IndependentDependent Gloss lang ga molaidh lang ga mol br lang ga molann praises ... IndependentDependent Gloss lang ga molfad lang ga molabh I will praise lang ga molfaidh lang ... wikitable IndependentDependent Gloss lang ga bh lang ga raibh was lang ga rinne lang ga dearna made ... if she saw it realis independent form lang ga d bhfaigheadh s if she had found it irrealis dependent ... ga m I . ref The dependent form is used when a particle such as lang ga n not precedes the verb ... Celtic languages Absolute and dependent verb for discussion. In addition to the above mentioned forms, Old Irish also has one dependent verb form that is neither a regular conjunct form nor a prototonic ... more details
nofootnotes date June 2009 Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Their Variables Type EP Artist Joy Electric Cover TheirVariables.jpg Released September 18, 2007 Recorded The Electric Joy Toy Company Genre Synthpop Electropop Length 49 30 Label EEP Society Producer Ronnie Martin Last album The Otherly Opus br 2007 This album Their Variables br 2007 Next album My Grandfather, The Cubist br 2008 Their Variables is an extended play EP by Joy Electric . It was released in conjunction with the full length The Otherly Opus . It contains remix remixes of all ten songs from that album, plus two new songs. Track listing all songs written by Ronnie Martin The Otherly Opus remixed by Solvent 3 55 Frivolity and its Necessities remixed by Celluloide 3 16 Colours in Dutch remixed by Norway 3 13 The Ushering in of the Magical Era remixed by The Viirus 3 52 Write Your Last Paragraph remixed by B Machine 4 34 The Memory of Alpha remixed by Travelogue 3 31 Red Will Dye these Snows of Silver remixed by The Echoing Green band The Echoing Green 3 34 The Timbre of the Timber Colony remixed by Flashlight Party 2 44 Ponderance Need Not Know remixed by Engine Beach 5 16 A Glass to Count All the Hours remixed by Scholastics 6 33 Like Fools, they Bathed in the Pools 5 10 The Warmth of Wooden Lanterns 4 00 Credits Ronnie Martin synthesizer , vocals Mandi Spayd sleeve design Joy Electric Category EEP Society albums Category 2007 EPs Category Joy Electric EPs 2000s Christianrock album stub ... more details
changes is apparent when considering differential equations, where the independentvariables may be changed using the chain rule or the dependentvariables are changed resulting in some differentiation to be carried out. Exotic changes, such as the mingling of dependent and independentvariables ...merge from Substitution of variables date September 2011 discuss Talk Change of variables Merge proposal Unreferenced date December 2009 In mathematics, a change of variables is a basic technique used to simplify problems in which the original variables are replaced with new ones the new and old variables being related in some specified way. The intent is that the problem expressed in new variables may be simpler, or equivalent to a better understood problem. A very simple example of a useful variable change can be seen in the problem of finding the roots of the sixth order polynomial math x 6 9 x 3 8 0 , math Sixth order polynomial equations are generally impossible to solve in terms of elementary function s. This particular equation, however, may be simplified by defining a new variable x sup 3 sup u . Substituting this into the polynomial math u 2 9 u 8 0 , math which is just a quadratic equation with solutions math u 1 quad mbox and quad u 8 math The solution in terms of the original ... . Integration Difficult integrals may often be evaluated by changing variables this is enabled by the substitution ... also be solved by simplifying the integral using a change of variables given by the corresponding ... and shifting of variables, that is replacing them with new variables that are stretched and moved ... constants. By scaling the variables the problem becomes math frac d 2 hat u d hat y 2 1 quad quad ... and by simply making the problem neater. Proper scaling may normalize variables, that is make ..., the fewer the parameters the fewer the number of computations. See also Change of variables PDE DEFAULTSORT Change Of Variables Category Elementary algebra fa ... more details
For conjugate variables in context of thermodynamics Conjugate variables thermodynamics Conjugate variables are pairs of variables mathematically defined in such a way that they become Fourier transform dual mathematics duals of one another, ref http www.aip.org history heisenberg p08a.htm Heisenberg Quantum Mechanics, 1925 1927 The Uncertainty Relations ref ref http www.springerlink.com content r40472577250313r Some remarks on time and energy as conjugate variables ref or more generally are related through Pontryagin duality . The duality relations lead naturally to an uncertainty in physics called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle relation between them. In mathematical terms, conjugate variables are part of a symplectic basis, and the uncertainty principle corresponds to the symplectic form . Examples There are many types of conjugate variables, depending on the type of work a certain system is doing or is being subjected to . Examples of canonically conjugate variables include the following Time and frequency the longer a musical note is sustained, the more precisely we know its frequency but it spans more time . Conversely, a very short musical note becomes just a click, and so one can t know its frequency very accurately. Doppler effect Doppler and range the more we know about how far away a radar target is, the less we can know about the exact velocity of approach or retreat, and vice versa. In this case, the two dimensional function of doppler and range is known as a radar ... physics, the derivatives of action physics action are conjugate variables to the quantity with respect to which one is differentiating. In quantum mechanics, these same pairs of variables are related ... Canonical coordinates Notes Reflist DEFAULTSORT Conjugate Variables Category Classical mechanics Category Quantum mechanics ar fr Variables conjugu es pl Zmienne sprz one simple Conjugate variables zh ... more details
In mathematics , the term complex variables may be taken to mean one of Complex analysis Several complex variables Quaternion variable Motor variable Multicomplex number s Hypercomplex number s Tricomplex number s disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
for bound variables in computer programming Name binding Refimprove date December 2008 In mathematics , and in other disciplines involving formal language s, including mathematical logic and computer science , a free variable is a Mathematical notation notation that specifies places in an expression ... programming variables used in a function computer science function that are not local variables ... Free variables in Lisp ref A bound variable is a variable that was previously free , but has ... proposition . That is, free variables become bound, and then in a sense retire from being available ... , but that use creates an ambiguity with the definition of dummy variable statistics dummy variables ... variables consequently the logical value of this expression depends on the value of z , but there is nothing ... properties of expressions and variables in them. For this section we can summarize syntax by identifying an expression with a Abstract syntax tree tree whose leaf nodes are variables, constants ... of x in U are free occurrences of the new x. Variables bound at the top level of a program are technically free variables within the terms to which they are bound but are often treated specially .... A closed term is one containing no free variables. Function expressions To give an example ... sub , ..., x sub n sub and it may contain other variables. In this case we say that function definition binds the variables x sub 1 sub , ..., x sub n sub . In this manner, function definition expressions ... logic formal semantics , natural languages can be seen to have free and bound variables. In English, personal pronoun s like he , she , they , etc. can act as free variables. Lisa found her book. In the sentence ... , etc., and reciprocal pronoun s, such as each other , act as bound variables. In a sentence like ... variables known technically as anaphor s while true pronouns can be free variables in some grammatical structures or variables that cannot be bound in other grammatical structures. The binding phenomena ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date August 2008 Predetermined variables are variables that were determined prior to the current period. In econometric models this implies that the current period error term is uncorrelated with current and lagged values of the predetermined variable but may be correlated with future values. This is a weaker restriction than strict exogeneity , which requires the variable to be uncorrelated with past, present, and future shocks. A common example of a predetermined variable is consumption in models with credit constraints and rational expectations . Here, consumption is predetermined but not strictly exogenous. An unpredictable negative income shock will be uncorrelated with past and potentially current consumption, but will surely be correlated with future consumption the individual will be forced to adjust their future consumption to accommodate their poorer state, inducing correlation. If the shock affects current consumption, predeterminedness defined now as lags only provides potential Instrumental variable instruments lagged values of the variable. Predeterminedness, or sequential exogeneity, is commonly invoked in dynamic panel models. Predetemined variables can be shown as E u sub is sub x sub it sub 0 where s t DEFAULTSORT Predetermined Variables Category Economics models Econ stub ... more details
Citations missing article date June 2008 In theoretical physics , Ashtekar new variables named after Abhay Ashtekar who invented them represent an unusual way to rewrite the Metric mathematics metric on the three dimensional spatial slices in terms of a SU 2 gauge field and its complementary variable. Ashtekar variables are the key building block of loop quantum gravity . The basic relation is math mathrm det 3 times 3 g g ij 8 pi G mathrm Newton gamma sum a 1 3 E a i E a j, math where the densitized drei bein math E a i math is the dual variable of a three dimensional SU 2 gauge field math E a i, A j b sim i hbar delta a b delta j i. math In the first equation, math gamma math is the Immirzi parameter , a factor that renormalizes Newton s constant math G mathrm Newton math . While the field redefinition above is faithful locally on the configuration space of the three dimensional metric tensor , it introduces new periodicities the Wilson loop s of all gauge fields take values in the space of complex units and quantization laws that cannot be derived from the metric itself. In loop quantum gravity, these are manifested as the area quantization rules. These rules do not follow from the metric tensor and its quantization, but rather from the special global properties of Ashtekar s field redefinition. A different field redefinition could predict the quantization of other quantities than the area. Further reading cite journal last Ashtekar first Abhay authorlink coauthors year 1986 month title New Variables for Classical and Quantum Gravity journal Physical Review Letters volume 57 issue 18 pages 2244&ndash 2247 doi 10.1103 PhysRevLett.57.2244 url accessdate quote pmid 10033673 bibcode 1986PhRvL..57.2244A Category Loop quantum gravity mr ... more details
merge to Change of variables date September 2011 discuss Talk Change of variables Merge proposal Unreferenced date January 2007 In mathematics, substitution of variables also called variable substitution or coordinate transformation refers to the substitution of certain variable mathematics variable s with other variables. Though the study of how variable substitutions affect a certain problem can be interesting in itself, they are often used when solving mathematical or physics physical problems, as the correct substitution may greatly simplify a problem which is hard to solve in the original variables. Under certain conditions the solution to the original problem can be recovered by back substitution inverting the substitution . Formal introduction Let math A math , math B math be smooth manifold s and let math Phi A rightarrow B math be a math C r math diffeomorphism between them, that is math Phi math is a math r math times continuously differentiable, bijective map from math A math to math B math with math r math times continuously differentiable inverse from math B math to math A math . Here math r math may be any natural number or zero , math infty math smooth or math omega math analytic function analytic . The map math Phi math is called a regular coordinate transformation or regular variable substitution , where math regular math refers to the math C r math ness of math Phi math . Usually one will write math x Phi y math to indicate the replacement of the variable math x math by the variable math y math by substituting the value of math Phi math in math y math for every occurrence of math x math . Simple Example Consider the system of equations math xy x y 71 math ... to 0, 0, z . Then, replacing all occurrences of the original variables by the new expressions ... of variables math x Psi t, y math , math v frac partial Psi t, y partial t frac partial Psi t, y ... instantiation of universals DEFAULTSORT Substitution Of Variables Category Mathematical physics ... more details
In mathematics , separation of variables is any of several methods for solving ordinary and partial differential equation s, in which algebra allows one to rewrite an equation so that each of two variables occurs on a different side of the equation. Ordinary differential equations ODE Suppose a differential equation can be written in the form math frac d dx f x g x h f x , qquad qquad 1 math which we can write more simply by letting math y f x math math frac dy dx g x h y . math As long as h y 0, we can rearrange terms to obtain math dy over h y g x dx , math so that the two variables x and y have been separated. dx and dy can be viewed, at a simple level, as just a convenient notation, which provides a handy mnemonic aid for assisting with manipulations. A formal definition of dx as a differential infinitesimal is somewhat advanced. Alternative notation Some who dislike Leibniz s notation may prefer to write this as math frac 1 h y frac dy dx g x , math but that fails to make it quite as obvious why this is called separation of variables . Integrating both sides of the equation with respect ... math , we have math frac dy y 1 y dx. math At this point we have separated the variables x and y from ... K math is the carrying capacity of the environment. Separation of variables may be used to solve this differential ... K P 0 P 0 math Partial differential equations anchor pde The method of separation of variables are also ... be solved with the above method. In orthogonal curvilinear coordinates , separation of variables ... form of the separation of variables is the Kronecker sum . As an example we consider the 2D Discrete ... en education edu pde.htm Methods of Generalized and Functional Separation of Variables at EqWorld ... and Separation of Variables Examples of separating variables to solve PDEs. Category Ordinary ... af de variable de Trennung der Ver nderlichen es M todo de separaci n de variables eo Apartigo de variabloj fr S paration des variables ko he hu Szepar bilis differenci legyenlet ja ... more details
multiple issues notability September 2011 primary sources September 2011 technical September 2011 orphan June 2010 SmartVariables is a term introduced in 1998 referring to a design pattern that merges computer network networking and distributed object technology with the goal of reducing complexity by transparently sharing information at the working program variable level. ref cite conference first Brian last Foote coauthors Joseph Yoder title Metadata and Active Object Models booktitle Pattern Languages of Programs Conference year 1998 url http jerry.cs.uiuc.edu plop plop98 final submissions Introduced the concept of smart variables . ref SmartVariables style programming interfaces emulate simple network shared memory. The design emphasis is API simplicity for systems needing to exchange information. Sharing and update behaviors do not need to be explicitly programmed however callbacks can be attached that execute when a named object s content changes. SmartVariables attach an email like name to each container or List computing list when the variable changes value, it automatically propagates change events across the network into other running Process computing processes working with that data. Applications do not poll for content changes, as events get processed asynchronously &mdash working program variables simply receive new content. ref cite paper author Hounshell, Lee title Simplifying Web Infrastructure with SmartVariables publisher SmartVariables.com date March 2006 format pdf url http www.smartvariables.com doc DistributedProgramming.pdf Refined and extended the concept, using smart variables to simplify Grid computing and implement web services , directory databases directory , and distributed neural networks . ref The concept has some similarities to that of stored procedures and database trigger triggers in database systems, where a change to one item can set off other changes in the database. Programming Basics This C example is from the GPL open sourc ... more details
. The Mandelstam variables were first introduced by physicist Stanley Mandelstam in 1958. Details ... please double check DEFAULTSORT Mandelstam Variables Category Particle physics Category Quantum field theory de Mandelstam Variable fr Variables de Mandelstam ko it Variabili di Mandelstam ... more details
the current of the dependent element math I A i I c math The proportionality constant between dependent and independentvariables is dimensionless if they are both currents or both voltages . A voltage ... the voltage as per the voltage of the dependent element math V A v V c math Voltage controlled Current ... as per the voltage of the dependent element math I G m V c math Current controlled Voltage Source ... as per the current of the dependent element math V R m I c math Current controlled Current Source ... more details
orphan date August 2008 In economics , truncated dependentvariables are dependent and independentvariablesvariables for which observations cannot be made for certain values in some range. ref cite web url http economics.about.com od economicsglossary g truncated.htm title Truncated DependentVariables work About.com accessdate 2008 03 22 ref References references Category Economic theories economics stub ... more details
Onesource article date May 2010 about a defunct Canadian indie rock label the German publisher of aggrotech , electro industrial and futurepop music dependent record label Infobox record label name Dependent Music image Image Dependent Music logo.png image bg parent founded Yarmouth, Nova Scotia 1994 founder Brian Borcherdt operators Jud Haynes , Loel Campbell status Defunct distributor Outside Music genre Indie rock country Canada location url http www.dependentmusic.com www.dependentmusic.com Dependent Music was a Canada Canadian independent record label , owned and operated by the artists that were a part of the collective. Dependent Music was formed by Brian Borcherdt in Yarmouth, Nova Scotia in 1994. ref Thorne, Tara. April 2005. http exclaim.ca musicschool labellife.aspx?csid1 68 Label Life Dependent . Exclaim . ref Artists who have released material on Dependent include Contrived , Brian Borcherdt , Jill Barber , Burnt Black , Holy Fuck band Holy Fuck , Junior Blue , Land of Talk , The Motes and Wintersleep . See also List of record labels References reflist External links http web.archive.org web http www.dependentmusic.com Dependent Music website at the Internet Archive Category Canadian independent record labels Category Record labels established in 1994 Category Indie music record labels Category Alternative rock record labels Category Defunct record labels of Canada Canada record label stub ... more details
Field , Fractured , Auto Aggression and Girls Under Glass . Dependent announced at the start of 2007 ... Herwig stated, ...we estimate that illegal downloads of Dependent albums outnumber legal purchases ... line.com news comments.php?id 29161 0 2 0 C Pirate Bay upload by Dependent founder a hoax extensive ..., visited 11 02 2008 ref On May 15, 2009, Herwig announced that Dependent Records would reopen in the summer ... en copyright.php Dependent reopen in summer fall 2009 ref See also List of record labels References references External links http www.dependent.de Official site http www.discogs.com label Dependent Records Dependent Records at discogs.org Category German independent record labels Category Record labels established in 1999 Category Electronic music record labels nl Dependent Records ... more details
Refimprove date February 2008 Cleanup date April 2010 In linguistics , a dependent clause sometimes called a subordinate clause is a clause that augments an independent clause with additional information, but which cannot stand alone as a sentence grammar sentence . Dependent clauses modify the independent ... Museum. Dependent clauses and sentence structure A sentence with an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses is referred to as a complex sentence . One with two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses is referred to as a Complex compound sentence compound ... clause as a synonym for dependent clause, but in some grammars subordinate clause refers only to adverbial dependent clauses.There are also different types of dependent clauses like noun clauses, relative adjectival clauses, and adverbial clauses. Dependent words In Indo European languages , a dependent clause usually begins with a dependent word. One kind of dependent word is a subordinating conjunction . Subordinating conjunctions are used to begin dependent clauses known as adverbial clause ... of the main clause verb know . Another type of dependent word is the relative pronoun . Relative pronouns begin dependent clauses known as relative clauses these are adjective clauses, because they modify ..., it, or they could be substituted for it. Examples I know who said that . I know it. The dependent ... she is wrong. The dependent clause serves as the subject of the main clause. Sometimes in English a noun .... First, like all dependent clauses, it will contain a verb and it will also contain a subject unless it is a Non finite dependent clauses non finite dependent clause . However, in a pro drop language ..., As with all dependent clauses, they cannot stand alone. For example, When he was in New York is not a complete sentence it needs to be completed by an independent clause. For example He went to the Guggenheim ... two dependent clauses. When they told me is one the other is that I won the contest , which serves ... more details
Wiktionary independentIndependent or The Independents may refer to Independent bookstore , bookstore that is not part of a chain Independent business , privately owned companies Independent city , city that does not form part of another local government entity Independent clothes store , boutique not associated with the larger retailers Independent contractor , organisation or individual which provides goods or services under terms specified in a contract Independent living , philosophy of working for self determination, self respect and equal opportunities Independent politician , not affiliated with any political party Independent publisher , small press not associated with a major publisher Independent religion , group active during the English Civil War Independent school , school which is not dependent upon national or local government for financing its operation Independent sources , in journalism, two or more sources which attest to a given piece of information Independent Truck Company , American skateboarding brand Dependent and independent verb forms in Goidelic languages Independent voter , not a member of any political party Vickers A1E1 Independent , British multi turreted tank designed during the Interwar period Dependent and independentvariables In mathematics, probability .... See Independence disambiguation for possible definitions. Independent variable Use in mathematics Independent variable , the argument of a mathematical function Independent variable Use in statistics Independent variable in regression and controlled experiments In media, music and art Independent, a 2002 song by Ayumi Hamasaki Independent Sacred Reich album Independent Sacred Reich album , a 1993 album by Sacred Reich, a thrash metal band from Arizona, USA Independent Faze album Independent ... the commercial mainstream Independent circuit , professional wrestling show not associated with the major wrestling promotions Independent film , film produced by a small movie studio Indie game , video ... more details
Regression bar In statistics , errors in variables models or measurement errors models are regression model s that account for measurement errors in the independentvariables . In contrast, standard regression ... models account only for errors in the dependentvariables , or responses. In the case ... sub t sub is assumed to be independent from the true value x sub style position relative left .4em ... the latent variable model latent variables approach. If y is the response variable and x are observed ... matrix of s are zero. The variables y , x , w are all observed , meaning that the statistician ... variables x , y , , and are not observed however. This specification does not encompass all ... math scriptstyle eta , perp ,x , math the errors are independent from the latent variable. This is the most ... eta , perp ,x, math the errors are independent from the observed regressor x . This assumption ... is approximately independent from the observed span style font variant small caps age span . Another ... will be generally independent from the observed value of the regressor. Misclassification errors special ... not happen too often . This idea can be generalized to discrete variables with more than two possible values. Linear model Linear errors in variables models were studied first, probably because linear ... least squares least squares regression OLS , extending errors in variables regression EiV from the simple ... in variables model was already presented in the motivation section math begin cases y t alpha beta x t varepsilon t, x t x t eta t, end cases math where all variables are scalar. Here and are the parameters ... parameter s. The true regressor x is treated as a random variable structural model , independent ... in Inherent relations between random variables , Proceedings of Royal Irish Academy , vol.47 1950 ... attempted to apply the maximum likelihood technique by assuming that all variables are normal ... are available, or when the reliability ratio has been known from the independent study. In this case ... more details
Dependent ML is an experimental functional programming language proposed by Hongwei Xi and Frank Pfenning . Dependent ML extends ML programming language ML by a restricted notion of dependent types types may be dependent on static indices of type Nat. Dependent ML employs a constraint theorem prover to decide a strong equational theory over the index expressions. By restricting the generality of full dependent types type checking remains decidable . Type inference remains undecidable. Some computer scientists do not consider DML s types to be dependent as there is still a phase distinction between compilation and execution of the program. ref Aspinall & Hofmann 2005. p. 75. ref Dependent ML has been superseded by ATS programming language ATS and is no longer under active development. See also Indexed type References reflist 2 Further reading cite journal first Hongwei last Xi year 2007 date March 2007 url http www.cs.bu.edu hwxi academic papers JFPdml.pdf title Dependent ML An Approach to Practical Programming with Dependent Types journal Journal of Functional Programming volume 17 issue 2 ref harv David Aspinall and Martin Hofmann 2005 . Dependent Types . In Benjamin C. Pierce Pierce, Benjamin C. ed. Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages . MIT Press. External links The http www.cs.bu.edu hwxi DML DML.html home page of DML compu lang stub Category ML programming language family Category Declarative programming languages Category Functional languages Category Dependently typed languages Category Programming languages created in the 1990s Category Discontinued programming languages ru Dependent ML ... more details
Conservation status Conservation Dependent LR cd was an IUCN Red List IUCN category assigned to species or lower taxa which were dependent on conservation efforts to prevent the taxon becoming threatened species threatened with extinction. Such taxa must be the focus of a continuing taxon specific or habitat specific conservation program targeted towards the taxon in question, the cessation of which would result in the taxon qualifying for one of the Threatened species threatened categories within a period of five years. The category is part of the IUCN 1994 Categories & Criteria version 2.3 , which is no longer used in evaluation of taxa, but persists in the IUCN Red List for taxa evaluated prior to 2001, when version 3.1 was first used. Although using the 2001 v3.1 system these taxa are classed as Near Threatened , but those that have not been re evaluated remain with the Conservation Dependent category. Examples of Conservation Dependent species include the Pyrenean Chamois , Triakis semifasciata Leopard Shark , Black Caiman , and Bristlecone Fir . There are 402 taxa 148 animals and 254 plants in the 2006 IUCN Red List still classified as Conservation Dependent, all last evaluated in 2000 or prior. The animal taxa are made up of 110 species, 33 subspecies all mammals , 4 species ... together make up all 254 Conservation Dependent plant taxa. In this category, only mammal taxa ... Conservation Dependent species evaluated with an increasing population. Additionally, 14 ... Conservation Act 1999 still uses a conservation dependent category for classifying fauna and flora species. Species recognised as conservation dependent do not receive special protection, as they are not considered ... IUCN Red List conservation dependent species for a list ordered by taxonomic rank Category IUCN Red List conservation dependent species for an alphabetical list References references Category Conservation dependent species Category IUCN Red List ca Dep n de la conservaci hi ja ... more details
A dependent territory , dependent area or dependency is a Territory country subdivision territory that does not possess full political independence or sovereignty as a Sovereign state State , and remains politically outside of the controlling state s integral area. ref sourcetext source United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1514 ref A dependency is commonly distinguished from other subnational entity subnational entities in that they are not considered to be part of the integral territory of the governing State. A subnational entity typically represents a division of the State proper , while a dependent territory often maintains a great degree of autonomy from the controlling State. Historically, most colonies were considered to be dependencies of their controlling State. Most of these have either become independent, by joining neighbouring independent countries, or assimilated into the conquering ... of China. Lists of dependent territories File Dependencies3.PNG thumb 400px World map of dependent ... required as military bases and not ordinary dependent territories . no separate code Crown dependency ... recognition as independent states, but they are not an integrated part of the UK, nor do they form ... associate states . Puerto Rico since 1952 and the Northern Mariana Islands since 1986 are non independent ... dependencies or associated non independent states . After the split up of the Netherlands Antilles, Cura ao ... law Condominium Federacy List of autonomous areas by country List of current dependent territory ..., Britain s Dependent Territories , Dartmouth, 1992 George Drower, Overseas Territories Handbook ... includes former dependent states Types of administrative country subdivision United Nations list ... Dependent Territory Category Dependent territories Category Lists of countries Category Types ... zh min nan I l i t be x old bg ca Territori dependent ... territories simple List of dependent territories sl Odvisno ozemlje sr ... more details
orphan date October 2009 In grammar, a dependent statement is a statement converted into a noun clause , normally, in English language English , by the addition of that at the beginning, and made dependent on another clause e.g. as subject or object . For example, the statement I had saved his brother appears as object of the verb knew in the following quotation I would he knew that I had saved his brother Shakespeare . The statement They were unprepared is made subject of is in the following That they were unprepared is obvious. Further examples Methoughts that I had broken from the Tower Shakespeare . His majesty hath straitly given in charge that no man shall have private conference, of what degree soever, with his brother Shakespeare . You shall confess that you are both deceived Shakespeare . Bibliography Charles Talbut Onions Onions, C.T. 1971 . Modern English Syntax . Routledge . p. 47. ISBN 9780710069900 ling stub Category English grammar ... more details
Type systems In computer science and logic , a dependent type is a Type system type that depends on a value. Dependent types play a central role in intuitionistic type theory and in the design of functional ... programming language Epigram . An example is the type of n tuples of real numbers. This is a dependent type because the type depends on the value n . Deciding equality of dependent types in a program may require computations. If arbitrary values are allowed in dependent types, then deciding type equality ... different augmentations of the simply typed lambda calculus the addition of dependent types, the addition ... order dependent type theory The system math lambda Pi math of pure first order dependent types ... space type of the simply typed lambda calculus to the dependent product type. Writing math mbox ... typed lambda calculus. Second order dependent type theory The system math lambda Pi 2 math of second order dependent types is obtained from math lambda Pi math by allowing quantification over type constructors. In this theory the dependent product operator subsumes both the math to math operator of simply ... author Anton Setzer chapter Object oriented programming in dependent type theory title Trends in Functional ... ref has been directed at combining dependent type theory with object oriented programming . Comparison ... language ML yes Dependent ML no No tag ref Has been superseded by ATS group fn dunno dunno yes dunno ... drafts ifl08.pdf title Idris, a language with dependent types extended abstract ref yes ref name idris ... dunno dunno dunno Mizar system I don t think Mizar uses dependent types See also Typed lambda calculus ... first3 James last3 McKinna authorlink3 James McKinna date April 2005 title Why dependent types ... thesis.pdf Towards a practical programming language based on dependent type theory . PhD thesis, Department ... 2011 http www.haskell.org haskellwiki Dependent type Dependent type at the Haskell Wiki DEFAULTSORT Dependent Type Category Dependently typed programming Category Type theory ru ... more details
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