Unreferenced date December 2009 In chemistry , deposition is the settling of particles atom s or molecule s or sediment from a solution , suspension chemistry suspension and mixture or vapor onto a pre existing surface . Deposition generally results in growth of new Phase matter phase and is of fundamental importance in a large number of scientific disciplines and practical applications, the most obvious ones being in geology, meteorology and chemical engineering. The term is also widely used in earth science to describe the same process in a deposition sediment geological sense . Deposition of particles is an aggradational process &mdash one that builds a landform &mdash as opposed to a degradational process that erodes or reduces the size of a landform. For example, a river mouth river delta delta is formed by deposition of sediment carried by the stream as the river current diminishes upon encountering the sea . Deposition can be viewed as a process reverse to Sublimation chemistry sublimation , Dissolution chemistry dissolution , or particle re entrainment. See also Atomic layer deposition Chemical vapor depositionDeposition physics Fouling Physical vapor deposition Thin film deposition DEFAULTSORT Deposition Category Laboratory techniques Chem stub ko id Deposition ja ta ... more details
wiktionary deposition wiktionary depose Deposition may refer to Deposition law , taking testimony outside of court Depositionchemistry , molecules settling out of a solution Thin film deposition , any technique for depositing a thin film of material onto a substrate or onto previously deposited layers Deposition sediment , material like sediment being added to a landform Deposition physics , the process of gas transformation into solid Deposition politics , the removal of a person of authority from political power Deposition Aerosol physics , a process where aerosol particles set down onto surfaces Deposition university , a widespread initiation ritual for new students practiced from the Middle Ages until the 18th century The Deposition can also refer to depictions of Christ s descent from the cross, as in Deposition from the Cross , the depiction of the removal of Jesus from the cross The Deposition Michelangelo The Deposition Michelangelo , a marble sculpture The Deposition Raphael The Deposition Raphael , an oil painting Deposition Rogier van der Weyden The Deposition Rogier van der Weyden , an oil painting, c.1435 The Deposition from the Cross Pontormo The Deposition from the Cross Pontormo , an oil painting of 1528 The Deposition can also refer to The Deposition The Office The Deposition The Office , an episode of The Office US TV series See also Fused deposition modeling , a process by which a part is constructed by depositing material layer by layer Chemical vapor deposition Physical vapor deposition disambiguation fr D position ia Deposition ... more details
technical date September 2010 Underpotential deposition UPD is a phenomenon of electrodeposition of a chemical species species typically reduction chemistry reduction of a metal cation to a solid metal at a potential less negative than the equilibrium dn date December 2011 Nernst equation Nernst potential for the reduction of this metal. The occurrence of underpotential deposition is often interpreted as a result of a strong interaction between the electrodeposition electrodepositing metal M with the Substrate materials science substrate S of which the electrode is built . The M S interaction needs to be energetically favoured to the M M interaction in the crystal lattice of the pure metal M. This mechanism is deduced from the observation that UPD typically occurs only up to a monolayer of M sometimes up to two monolayers . The electrodeposition of a metal on a substrate of the same metal occurs at an equilibrium potential , thus defining the reference point for the underpotential deposition. Underpotential deposition is much sharper on monocrystal s than on polycrystalline materials. ref J.O M.Bockris, A.K.N.Reddy and M.Gamboa Aldeco, Modern Electrochemistry , 2nd edition, Volume 2A, Kluwer Academic Plenum Publishers, 2000. ref References reflist Category Electrochemistry chemistry stub zh ... more details
Vapor deposition can refer to Chemical vapor deposition Physical vapor deposition disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
File Deposition Scheme1.png thumb right 200px Deposition of particles grey on a planar substrate blue . Initial stages of particle deposition top , blocking middle , ripening bottom Particle deposition ... much larger in size than the depositing ones e.g., sand grains . Deposition processes may be triggered ... particles may just form a monolayer which further inhibits additional particle deposition, and thereby ... particle deposition, which leads to the formation of thicker particle deposits, and this process is termed as surface ripening or fouling . While deposition processes are normally irreversible ... largely resembles particle deposition, macromolecules may substantially deform during adsorption. The present article mainly deals with particle deposition from liquids, but similar process ... develops, which leads to a progressive slowing down of the deposition. When particle deposition is efficient ..., one refers to favorable deposition conditions . When the interaction is repulsive at larger distances, but attractive at shorter distances, deposition will still occur but it will be slowed down. One refers to unfavorable deposition conditions here. The initial stages of the deposition process ..., and k the deposition rate coefficient. The rate coefficient depends on the flow velocity ... of the particles is of the same sign as the substrate, deposition will be favorable at high salt ... sign as the substrate, deposition is favorable for all salt levels, and one observes a small enhancement of the deposition rate with decreasing salt level due to attractive electrostatic double layer forces. Initial stages of the deposition process are relatively similar to the early stages ... other, the deposition will stop by the time when enough particles have deposited. At one point, such a surface ... equation ref name gregory M. Elimelech, J. Gregory, X. Jia, R. Williams, Particle Deposition ... related to deposition of spherical particles considers irreversible adsorption of circular disks. One ... more details
Image Sputtering.gif right 300px Sputter deposition is a physical vapor deposition PVD method of thin film deposition depositing thin film s by sputtering , that is ejecting, material from a target, that is source ... of the deposited material during the deposition process by ion or atom bombardment. Sputtered atoms ... deposition make it a complex process, but also allow experts a large degree of control over the growth ... for making efficient photovoltaic solar cells. Comparison with other deposition methods Image Autarget ... that holds the target. An important advantage of sputter deposition is that even materials ... by layer growth is difficult compared to pulsed laser deposition and inert sputtering gases are built into the growing film as impurities. Types of sputter deposition Sputtering sources are usually ... argon . The extra argon ions created as a result of these collisions leads to a higher deposition ... target reclaimrecycling ITO Indium Tin Oxide Sputtering Target Reclaim ref Ion assisted deposition In ion assisted deposition IAD , the substrate is exposed to a secondary ion beam operating at a lower ... Magnetron Sputtering HIPIMS is a method for physical vapor deposition of thin films which is based on magnetron sputter deposition. HIPIMS utilizes extremely high power densities of the order of kW ... and A. Westphal title Zirconia thin film deposition on silicon by reactive gas flow sputtering the influence ... flow sputtering may thus be associated with large deposition rates up to values of a few m min. ref ... to sputter deposition. In a study on metallic layers prepared by DC sputtering, ref name Thor1974 cite journal author J.A. Thornton title Influence of apparatus geometry and deposition conditions on the structure ... concept initially introduced by Movchan and Demchishin for Thin film Physical deposition evaporated ... etc. are used for the Sublimation chemistry sublimation of source atoms, the pressure governs via the mean .... Next to the deposition temperature T sub d sub the chamber pressure or mean free path should thus always ... more details
File EDP painting.png thumb right 350 px Electrophoretic Deposition Process Electrophoretic deposition ... s and that can carry a charge can be used in electrophoretic deposition. This includes materials ... common commercially used EPD process. However, non aqueous electrophoretic deposition applications ..., M. Leonelli, C. Sorrell, C. title Anodic aqueous electrophoretic deposition of titanium dioxide ... was awarded in 1917 to Davey and General Electric . Since the 1920s, the process has been used for the deposition ... deposition consists of several sub processes The object to be coated needs to be prepared for coating .... After deposition, the object is normally rinsed to remove the undeposited bath. The rinsing process ... due to the evolution of gas during the deposition process, to flow out and become smooth and continuous ... by the reaction of an acid and a Base chemistry base to form a salt . The particular charge, positive ... 4H 4e Cathode 4H sub 2 sub O 4e 4OH 2H sub 2 sub gas In anodic deposition, the material being deposited ... situation occurs in cathodic deposition except that the material being deposited will have salts ... simultaneously and both contribute to the deposition of material. Factors affecting electrophoretic painting During the aqueous deposition process, gas is being formed at both electrodes. Hydrogen ... gets thicker until it finally reaches a point where deposition has slowed or stopped occurring ... deposition. The coating time also is an important variable in determining the film thickness ... available cathodic counterparts. For a given EPD chemistry, the higher the bath conductivity, the lower the rupture voltage. For a given EPD chemistry, the rupture voltages normally decrease ... argue that this probably has more to do with the coating polymer and crosslinking chemistry rather ... common type of crosslinking chemistry in use today with cathodic products are based on urethane and urea ... and cathodic, EPD products can also be described by the base polymer chemistry which is utilized ... more details
Infobox artwork image file Rubens Deposition.jpg painting alignment right image size 300px title The Deposition alt type Oil painting Oil on canvas artist Pieter Paul Rubens year 1602 height metric 180 width metric 137 height imperial width imperial city Rome museum Galleria Borghese coordinates owner The Deposition is a 1602 painting of the Deposition of Christ by Pieter Paul Rubens , though in the 19th century it was mis attributed to Van Dyck . It is now in the Galleria Borghese . External links http www.galleriaborghese.it borghese it deporube.htm Rubens DEFAULTSORT Deposition, The Category Paintings by Peter Paul Rubens Category 1601 paintings Category Paintings in the Borghese collection it Deposizione nel sepolcro Rubens ... more details
Image Deposition Holzschnitt 16. Jahrhundert.jpg thumb right Deposition Polishing off the horns. Woodcut from the 16th century The deposition from Latin depositio cornuum , taking off the horns was a semi ... A basis for the deposition was the idea that the arriving student was still wild and unpolished ... before he could be accepted as part of the University. The student only had to go through the deposition once in his life he would receive a deposition certificate Depositionsschein in German language German which he could show in case of transferring to another university. The deposition consisted ..., models from classical antiquity for the deposition process would be cited. Reference would be made ..., as the student still was an uncouth man German ungehobelt , unplaned . Image Deposition Jena 1740.jpg thumb 300px From 1682 onwards, the students would only be shown the deposition instruments leaf from a Stammbuch from Jena, 1740 . At the University of Leipzig , the tools used in the deposition ... was maintained even after the deposition had been abolished and would often be used excessively ... In the Middle Ages, the deposition was led by the Rector, as the students in question ... the Early Modern period that the custom of deposition slowly deteriorated into a farce. The position ... the tools and make out the deposition certificate for a fee. In the 18th century, the responsibilities ..., the deposition was abolished after the death of the last depositor in 1785. At the University of Leipzig, the deposition was prohibited by 1719, because of the excesses of the students. Book ... the custom of deposition. The deposition of book printers was abolished in 1803 because of the excesses ... countries Praxe References Leni Arnold, Die akademische Deposition, in Jena soll leben. Beitr ge ... , 122 132. ISBN 3 86 007 057 6 Erich Bauer, Zur Deposition und ihrer Symbolik, in Einst und Jetzt ... Akademische Deposition Depositio cornuum . Frankfurt a. M. 1895. W ilhelm Fabricius, Die Deposition ... more details
Refimprove date August 2010 File deposition erosion.jpg thumb right alt Map of Cape Cod showing shores undergoing erosion cliffed sections and shores characterized by marine deposition barriers . Map of Cape Cod showing shores undergoing erosion cliffed sections in red, and shores characterized by marine deposition barriers in blue ref cite web url http woodshole.er.usgs.gov staffpages boldale capecod index.html title Coastal Erosion on Cape Cod Some Questions and Answers last Oldale first Robert N. publisher U.S. Geological Survey accessdate 2009 09 11 ref Deposition is the Geology geological process by which material is added to a landform or land mass. Fluids such as wind and water, as well as sediment flowing via gravity , Transportation sediment transport previously Erosion eroded sediment, which, at the loss of enough kinetic energy in the fluid, is deposited, building up layers of sediment. Deposition occurs when the forces responsible for sediment transportation are no longer sufficient to overcome the forces of particle weight and friction , creating a resistance to motion, this is known as null point theory . Deposition can also refer to the buildup of sediment from Organic matter organically derived matter or Chemical process chemical processes . For example, chalk is made up partly of the microscopic calcium carbonate skeletons of marine plankton , the deposition of which has induced chemical processes diagenesis to deposit further calcium carbonate. Similarly, the formation of coal begins with deposition of organic material, mainly from plants, in Hypoxia environmental anaerobic conditions. Null point theory The null point hypothesis explains how sediment is deposited according to its grain size. This is due to the influence of hydraulic energy, resulting in a seaward ... references River morphology DEFAULTSORT Deposition Geology Category Geological processes Category ... ru simple Deposition geology ... more details
Civil procedure United States In the law of the United States , a deposition is the out of court oral ... , refer to the deposition as an examination before trial EBT . Deposition is the preferred term ... in preparation for trial. Some jurisdictions recognize an affidavit as a form of deposition, sometimes called a deposition upon written questions. The routine practice of obtaining the oral evidence of a witness ... and defendants , with deposition of each deponent limited to 1 day of 7 hours unless specified ... title FRCP Rule 30. Deposition by Oral Examination ref If the desired witness the deponent is a party ... AT A DEPOSITION IN A CIVIL ACTION ref The person to be deposed questioned at a deposition, known .... To ensure an accurate record of statements made during a deposition, a court reporter is present and typically transcribes the deposition with stenographic equipment. Depending upon the amount in controversy and the ability of the witness to appear at trial, audio or video recordings of the deposition ... the deposition is attended by the person who is to be deposed, his attorney, court reporter, and other ... web url http wiki.answers.com Q Who can legally be present during a deposition title Who can legally be present during a deposition? ref Prior to taking a deposition, the court reporter administers ... record of all that is said during the deposition, in the same manner that witness testimony ... this is not required in all jurisdictions. The attorney who has ordered the deposition begins questioning ... by re cross . During the course of the deposition, one attorney or another may Objection law ... of evidence, are generally preserved until trial. They need not be made at the deposition, because ... outlier on deposition objections under the California Civil Discovery Act as enacted in 1957 and heavily revised in 1986, most objections must be given on the record at the deposition and must be specific ... may ask the reporter to mark the record, then may suspend the deposition, demand a rush transcript ... more details
distinguish Vacuum coating No footnotes date April 2009 Vacuum deposition is a family of processes used to deposit layers atom by atom or molecule by molecule at sub atmospheric pressure vacuum on a solid surface. The layers may be as thin as one atom to millimeters thick freestanding structures . There may be multiple layers of different materials e.g. optical coating s . A thickness of less than one micrometre is generally called a thin film while a thickness greater than one micrometre is called a coating. The vacuum environment may serve one or more purposes including reducing the particle density so that the mean free path for collision is long reducing the particle density of undesirable atoms and molecules contaminants providing a low pressure plasma environment providing a means for controlling ... deposition sputtering cathodic arc deposition cathodic arc vaporization laser ablation decomposition of a chemical vapor precursor, chemical vapor deposition When the vapor source is from a liquid or solid material the process is called physical vapor deposition PVD . When the source is from a chemical vapor precursor the process is called low pressure chemical vapor deposition LPCVD or, if in a Plasma ... of PVD and CVD processes are used in the same or connected processing chambers. In reactive deposition ... See also Ion plating Sputter deposition Cathodic arc deposition Spin coating Metallised film References ... Ion Implantation and Deposition 2000 Wiley Interscience ISBN 0 4712 4698 0 Bach, Hans and Dieter ... . Handbook of Deposition Technologies for Films and Coatings , second edition 1994 Glaser, Hans Joachim ... 7503 0833 8 2 vol. set Mahan, John E. Physical Vapor Deposition of Thin Films 2000 John Wiley & Sons ISBN 0 471 33001 9 Mattox, Donald M. Handbook of Physical Vapor Deposition PVD Processing 2nd edition ... of Vacuum Coaters ISBN 978 1 878068 27 9 Westwood, William D. Sputter Deposition , AVS Education Committee ... ISBN 978 6151 4397 2 Category Thin film deposition Category Vacuum Category Industrial processes ... more details
Infobox Television episode Title The Deposition Series The Office U.S. TV series The Office Image Image ... The Deposition Season 4 Episode 12 Airdate November 15, 2007 Production 412 Writer Lester Lewis ... Prev Survivor Man Next Dinner Party The Office Dinner Party The Deposition is the twelfth episode of the fourth ... 15, 2007 on NBC . The Deposition was the last original episode of the show to air before the show went ... date 2007 11 07 ref Jan and Michael travel to New York City for the deposition of Jan s lawsuit against ... to be a witness against his employer. The Deposition law deposition goes well for Jan at first, as she ... of the deposition turns when Michael learns that Jan gave him a scathing performance review after they had ... Mose Schrute Michael Schur , with the two at an apparent stalemate. Production The Deposition was the first ... also directed the The Office U.S. TV series season 3 third season episode Back from Vacation . The Deposition ... PM The Office The Deposition publisher NBC Universal Media Village url http nbcumv.com listing ... producer and show runner Greg Daniels stated that one of the main purposes of The Deposition was to add ... first David coauthors Jeremy Sawatzky date 2008 05 01 work publisher ref Reception The Deposition received ... blog.zap2it.com ithappenedlastnight 2007 11 deposition day.html title Deposition day at The Office ... Christine Fenno, of Entertainment Weekly , stated The Deposition was a simmering slow cooker of corporate ... url http tv.ign.com articles 835 835842p1.html title The Office The Deposition Review accessdate 2008 ... Dahl stated that the episode was an oddity among the series, saying The Deposition was an atypical episode ... him over and over again. ref cite web url http www.buddytv.com articles the office the office the deposition 13864.aspx title The Office The Deposition accessdate 2008 07 09 last Dahl first Oscar coauthors ... episode guide season 4 59501 deposition episode 412 59662 The Deposition at NBC.com IMDb episode 1031476 The Deposition Tv.com episode 1145326 The Deposition Theofficeus TheofficeusEpisodes DEFAULTSORT ... more details
Image Coating deposition machine by evaporation at LAAS 0475.jpg thumb 200px Evaporation machine used for metallization at Laboratory for analysis and architecture of systems LAAS technological facility in Toulouse, France. Evaporation is a common method of thin film deposition. The source material is evaporation evaporated in a vacuum . The vacuum allows vapor particles to travel directly to the target object substrate , where they condense back to a solid state. Evaporation is used in microfabrication , and to make macro scale products such as metallizing metallized plastic film. Physical principle Evaporation involves two basic processes a hot source material evaporate s and condense s on the substrate. It resembles the familiar process by which liquid water appears on the lid of a boiling pot. However, the gaseous environment and heat source see Equipment below are different. Evaporation takes place in a vacuum, i.e. vapors other than the source material are almost entirely removed before the process begins. In high vacuum with a long mean free path , evaporated particles can travel directly to the deposition target without colliding with the background gas. By contrast, in the boiling ... pressure, the resulting deposition is generally non uniform and tends not to be a continuous or smooth film. Rather, the deposition will appear fuzzy . Equipment Any evaporation system includes ... material. At a given vacuum pressure the film purity will be higher at higher deposition rates ... to other deposition methods Alternatives to evaporation, such as sputter deposition sputtering and chemical vapor deposition , have better step coverage. This may be an advantage or disadvantage, depending ... 44494 7 chapter Film Deposition Semiconductor Devices Physics and Technology, by S.M. Sze, ISBN 0 471 33372 7, has an especially detailed discussion of film deposition by evaporation. R. D. Mathis Company ... http www.rdmathis.com Examples of evaporation sources Category Thin film deposition Category Semiconductor ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Deposition by political means concerns the removal of a politician or monarch. It may be done by coup , impeachment , invasion , or forced abdication . The term may also refer to the official removal of a clergyman, especially a bishop , from ecclesiastical office. Notable deposed politicians Arnoldo Alem n Jean Bertrand Aristide Fulgencio Batista Zine El Abidine Ben Ali Dost Mohammad Khan Lucio Guti rrez Hiss ne Habr Sam Houston Ferdinand E. Marcos Mengistu Haile Mariam Hosni Mubarak Richard Nixon Manuel Noriega Gustavo Noboa Konstantin P ts Carlos Andr s P rez Saddam Hussein Nawaz Sharif Thaksin Shinawatra Antanas Smetona Charles G. Taylor Charles Taylor K rlis Ulmanis Notable deposed kings Adolf of Germany Adolf of Nassau Puyi Aisin Gioro Puyi of the Qing Dynasty Edward II of England Edward V of England Ethelred the Unready Ethelred II of England Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II Haile Selassie I Henry VI of England Louis XVI of France Manuel II of Portugal Muhammad Reza Shah Pahlavi Philip IV of Spain Philip III of Portugal Richard II of England Richard III of England Sancho II of Portugal Wenceslaus, King of the Romans Notable deposed bishops Cyril of Alexandria Cyril Lucaris John Chrysostom Nestorius Patriarch Photios I of Constantinople Photios I of Constantinople Antipope Benedict XIII Antipope John XXIII Nonjuring schism The Nine Bishops of the Nonjuring Schism See also Coup d tat Defrock Motion of no confidence DEFAULTSORT Deposition Politics Category Politics Category Rulers deposed as children Poli term stub ... more details
unreferenced date October 2006 Sculpture image Image Michelangelo Pieta Firenze.jpg 250px title The Deposition The Florentine Piet artist Michelangelo year c. 1550 type Marble height 226 city Florence museum Museo dell Opera del Duomo The Deposition also called the Florence Piet , the Piet del Duomo or The Lamentation over the Dead Christ is a marble sculpture by the Italy Italian High Renaissance master Michelangelo . The sculpture, on which Michelangelo worked between 1547 and 1553, depicts four figures the dead body of Jesus Christ , newly taken down from the Cross, Nicodemus or possibly Joseph of Arimathea , Mary Magdalene and the Virgin Mary. The sculpture is housed in the Museo dell Opera del Duomo Florence Museo dell Opera del Duomo in Florence . Michelangelo s last sculptures were two piet s or three assuming the Palestrina Piet is his work . According to Vasari , Michelangelo made the Florence Piet to decorate his tomb in Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome . After smashing the sculpture, he gave it to his servant Antonio. Later the servant sold the work and the new owner had it reconstructed by Tiberio Calcagni following Michelangelo s models. The face of Nicodemus under the hood is considered to be a self portrait of Michelangelo himself. Additionally, the female figure at left was finished by sculptor Tiberio Calcagni . Cacagni was assigned the job after Michelangelo abandoned the sculpture after eight years of tireless work upon discovering an impurity in the marble that had gone undiscovered until that point. Bibliography div class references small Bershad, David L. Recent Archival Discoveries concerning Michelangelo s Deposition in the Florence Cathedral and a hitherto undocumented Work of Giuseppe Mazzuoli 1644 1725 . Burlington Magazine 120, 901 1978 225 227. Fehl, Philipp. Michelangelo s Tomb in Rome Observations on the Piet ... and Oxford Princeton U P, 2003. div Michelangelo coord missing DEFAULTSORT Deposition Category Sculptures ... more details
Infobox artwork image file Raffaello, pala baglioni, deposizione.jpg image size 350px title Deposition, Lang it Pala Baglione artist Raphael year 1507 type Oil on wood height 184 width 176 city Rome museum Galleria Borghese The Deposition , also known as the Lang it Pala Baglione , Borghese Deposition or The Entombment , is an oil painting by the Italy Italian High Renaissance painter Raphael . Signed and dated Raphael Urbinas MDVII 1507 , the painting is in the Galleria Borghese in Rome . ref name Baldini 106 Baldini 106 ref It is the central panel of a larger altarpiece commissioned by Atalanta Baglioni of Perugia in honor of her of fallen son, Grifonetto Baglioni. ref Pedretti 102 ref Like many works, it shares elements of the common subjects of the Deposition of Christ , the Lamentation of Christ , and the Entombment of Christ . The painting is on wood panel and measures 184 x 176 cm. The Commission In the early part of the 16th Century, violence among factions, mostly in the form of hand to hand combat, was relatively common in Perugia and other parts of Italy, such as Florence . ref Jones and Penny 40 ref The Baglioni family were the lords of Perugria and surrounding areas, and also leading condottiere or leaders of mercenary troops. There was an especially bloody episode in Perugia on the night of July 3, 1500, when Grifonetto Baglioni and some angry members of the family conspired to murder much of the rest of the Baglioni family as they slept. ref Baldini 106, Jones and Penny 40 ref According to Matarazzo, the chronicler of the family, following the bloodshed, Grifonetto s mother Atalanta Baglioni refused to give her son refuge in her home and when he returned ... neither the Deposition nor the Entombment, but located somewhere in between. We can determine this through the background on the right is Mount Calvary, the location of the Crucifixion and Deposition ... 554 561 Raphael DEFAULTSORT Deposition Category Paintings by Raphael Category 1508 paintings Category ... more details
Other uses pp semi protected small yes Image Chemicals in flasks.jpg thumb right Chemistry is the science ... reactions. science Chemistry is the science of matter , especially its chemical reaction s, but also ... what is chemistry.htm title What is Chemistry? publisher Chemweb.ucc.ie date accessdate 2011 06 12 ref ref http dictionary.reference.com browse ChemistryChemistry . n.d. . Merriam Webster s Medical Dictionary. Retrieved August 19, 2007. ref Chemistry is concerned with atoms and their interactions with other atoms, and particularly with the properties of chemical bond s. Chemistry is sometimes called ... . ref Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene Lemay, Bruce Edward Bursten, H. Lemay. Chemistry The Central Science . Prentice Hall 8 edition 1999 . ISBN 0 13 010310 1. Pages 3 4. ref ref Chemistry is seen ... . Wiley VCH, 2001. ISBN 3 527 30271 9. Pages 1 2. ref Chemistry is a branch of physical science but Difference between chemistry and physics distinct from physics . ref http www.springerlink.com content k97523j471763374 Is chemistry a branch of physics? a paper by Mario Bunge ref The etymology of the word chemistry has been much disputed. ref See Chemistry etymology for possible origins of this word. ref The genesis of chemistry can be traced to certain practices, known as alchemy , which had ... Laboratory , Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne . Traditional chemistry starts with the study ... , reactions and transformations that are studied in chemistry are a result of interaction either between different chemical substances or between matter and energy . Such behaviors are studied in a chemistry ... of chemistry See also Alchemy Timeline of chemistry Nobel Prize in Chemistry Ancient Egypt ians pioneered the art of synthetic wet chemistry up to 4,000 years ago. ref http www.newscientist.com article ... BC ancient civilizations were using technologies that formed the basis of the various branches of chemistry ... adopted by Epicurus 341 270 BCE . The genesis of chemistry can be traced to the widely observed phenomenon ... more details
Orphan date January 2011 italictitle Infobox Journal cover Image CVD cover09.jpg discipline Materials science abbreviation Chem. Vap. Deposition website http www.cvd journal.de editor Peter Gregory frequency Monthly impact 1.804 impact year 2010 history 1995 present link1 http www.materialsviews.com link1 name Chemical Vapor Deposition News Service publisher John Wiley & Sons Wiley VCH country Germany ISSN 0948 1907 eISSN 1521 3862 Chemical Vapor Deposition is a monthly Peer review peer reviewed scientific journal covering materials science . It publishes Reviews, Short Communications, and Full Papers on all aspects of chemical vapor deposition and related technologies, along with other articles presenting opinion, news, conference information, and book reviews. Frequent topics covered by the journal also include inorganic chemistry , materials chemistry , organometallics , physics applied physics and semiconductors semiconductor technology , thin film s, and ceramics ceramic processing . References reflist Category Chemistry journals Category Materials science journals Category Publications established in 1995 ... more details
phase changes, is distinguished from CVD chemical vapor deposition which requires a vapor precursor ... solar panels with a process that deposits semiconductor material through sublimation and deposition ... of Chemistry The Molecular Science, Brooks Cole, 2009, p. 387 ISBN 978 0495390794 Whitten, Kenneth W., et. al., Chemistry, Brooks Cole, 9th ed., 2009, p. 7 ISBN 978 0495391630 Glencoe Science Focus on Physical Science states of matter DEFAULTSORT Deposition Physics Category Phase transitions physics stub ca Sublimaci inversa da Deposition de Resublimieren es Deposici n f sica it Brinamento ... sv Deposition fysik tr Depozisyon zh ... more details
In aerosol physics, Deposition is the process by which Particulate aerosol particles collect or deposit themselves on solid surfaces, decreasing the concentration of the particles in the air. It can be divided into two sub processes dry and wet deposition. The rate of deposition, or the deposition velocity , is slowest for particles of an intermediate size. Mechanisms for deposition are most effective for either very small or very large particles. Very large particles will settle out quickly through sedimentation settling or impaction processes, while Brownian diffusion has the greatest influence on small particles. ref Seinfeld and Pandis, Atmospheric Chemistry Textbook ref This is because very small particles coagulate in few hours until they achieve a diameter of 0.3 micrometers. At this size ... of PM 2.5 present in the air. Deposition velocity is defined as F v c , where F is flux density, v is deposition velocity and c is concentration. In gravitational deposition, this velocity is the settling ... will not collide with that obstacle. However, if the value of Stk is greater than 1, it will. Deposition ... deposition flux is defined as J n D t , where J is deposition flux, n is the initial concentration ... at each moment of time. Dry deposition Anchor Dry deposition MOZART model links to this section ... 2 Diffusion Dry deposition is caused by Gravitational sedimentation . This is where particles fall ... deposition In wet deposition , there are always some atmospheric hydrometeor s which scavenge aerosol particles. This means that wet deposition is gravitational, Brownian and or turbulent coagulation with water water droplets . Different types of wet deposition include Precipitation scavenging. This is where ... example of this type of deposition is inside fog . Clouds may also intercept with terrain ... assisted edit Category Particulates Category Aerosol science Category Fouling de Deposition simple Deposition ... more details
Expert subject multiple Chemistry Electronics Metalworking date February 2009 Image Plasma Spray Physical Vapor Deposition.jpg thumb Inside the Plasma physics Plasma Spray Physical Vapor Deposition, or PS ... workpiece to form the ceramic coating. Physical vapor deposition PVD is a variety of vacuum deposition and is a general term used to describe any of a variety of methods to deposit thin ... vapor deposition . The term physical vapor deposition appears originally in the 1966 book Vapor Deposition by CF Powell, JH Oxley and JM Blocher Jr, but Michael Faraday was using PVD to deposit ..., in order of increasing novelty Cathodic Arc Deposition In which a high power electric arc discharged ... the workpiece. Electron beam physical vapor deposition In which the material to be deposited is heated ... to be deposited by condensation on the cooler workpiece. Evaporation deposition Evaporative deposition ... heating in low vacuum. Pulsed laser deposition In which a high power laser ablates material from the target into a vapor. Sputter deposition In which a glow plasma discharge usually localized around the target by a magnet bombards the material sputtering some away as a vapor for subsequent deposition ... adhesion test See thin film deposition for a more general discussion of this class of manufacturing technique. See also HPCVD Chemical vapor deposition References No footnotes date April 2011 Anders, Andre editor . Handbook of Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation and Deposition . New York Wiley Interscience .... editor . Handbook of Deposition Technologies for Films and Coatings Science, Technology and Applications .... Mahan, John E. Physical Vapor Deposition of Thin Films . New York John Wiley & Sons, 2000. ISBN 0471330019. Mattox, Donald M. Handbook of Physical Vapor Deposition PVD Processing Film Formation ... H. Oxley, and John Milton Blocher editors . Vapor Deposition . The Electrochemical Society series. New York Wiley, 1966. Westwood, William D. Sputter Deposition . AVS Education Committee book series ... more details
Electron beam induced deposition EBID is a process of decomposing gaseous molecules by electron beam leading to deposition of non volatile fragments onto a nearby substrate. The electron beam is usually ... is called ion beam induced deposition IBID . The precursor material is gas, liquid or solid. Liquid or solids are gasified prior to deposition, usually through vaporization or Sublimation chemistry sublimation , and introduced, at accurately controlled rate, into the high vacuum chamber .... When deposition occurs at high temperature or involves corrosive gases, specially designed deposition ... of diamond films by localized electron beam chemical vapour deposition year 2002 author Kiyohara ... differential pressure in the microscope vacuum and deposition chamber no vacuum . Such deposition ... chemical vapour deposition of polycrystalline diamond films http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal ... shape resulting in deposition of material. The scanning is usually computer controlled. The deposition ... title Focused, Nanoscale Electron Beam Induced Deposition and Etching doi 10.1080 10408430600930438 ... Deposition mechanism SEM or STEM electrons have energy too high typically between 10 and 300 keV to efficiently ... substrate, holders or the material that has already been deposited near the deposition spot absorb ... of nanostructures on insulator substrates by electron beam induced deposition url http www.iop.org ... Scale Electron Beam Induced Deposition year 2005 author Van Dorp, Willem F. journal Nano ... low sublimation temperature. The most popular precursors for deposition of elemental solids are metal ... beam induced chemical vapour deposition year 2007 author Luxmoore, I journal Thin Solid Films volume ... complexes Tungsten VI fluoride WF sub 6 sub , etc. result in cleaner deposition, but they are toxic ... D sub 2 sub GaN sub 3 sub for GaN. ref name r1 Advantages Deposition occurs in high vacuum chamber ... of deposition are unprecedented. The deposited material can be characterized using the electron microscopy ... more details
Combustion chemical vapor deposition CCVD is a chemical process by which thin film coating s are deposited onto wafer substrates in the open atmosphere. History In the 1980s, initial attempts were performed to improve the adhesion of metal plastic composites in dental ceramics using flame pyrolytically deposited silicon dioxide SiO sub 2 sub . ref cite journal author R. Janda, J. F. Roulet, M. Wulf, H. J. Tiller title A new adhesive technology for all ceramics journal Vakuum in Forschung und Praxis ..., the name Pyrosil was coined for these layers. Newer and ongoing studies deal with deposition ... closely above the surface to be coated. The high energy within the flame converts the Precursor chemistry ... technique is a true vapor deposition process for making thin film coatings ref Citation inventor1 ... William Brent title Combustion Chemical Vapor Deposition of films and coatings issue date 1997 patent ... Chemical Vapor Deposition of films and coatings issue date 2000 patent number 6013318 country ... line manufacturing. It does not require post deposition treatment e.g., Annealing metallurgy annealing . The throughput potential is high. Remote combustion chemical vapor deposition r CCVD The so called remote combustion chemical vapour deposition is a new vaiant of the classical CCVD process. It likewise ... mechanisms and offers further abilities for deposition of layer systems which are not practicable by means ... for most metals See also Chemical vapor deposition Atomic layer deposition , a more precise and conformal coating technology Physical vapor deposition , the deposition of materials from vapor without chemical reactions Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition Further reading Withers, J.C. .... on CVD 1970 A.T. Hunt et al. Combustion Chemical Vapor Deposition A Novel Thin Film Deposition Technique. Applied Physics Letters. 63 pp. 266 268 1993 Blandenet, G. et al. Indium Oxide Deposition ... Vapor Deposition Category Chemical processes Category Coatings Category Thin film deposition de ... more details
Cathodic arc deposition or Arc PVD is a physical vapor deposition technique in which an electric arc is used to vaporize material from a cathode target. The vaporized material then condenses on a substrate, forming a thin film . The technique can be used to deposit metal lic, ceramic , and Composite material composite films. History Industrial use of modern cathodic arc deposition technology originated in Soviet Union around 1960 1970. By the late 70 s Soviet government released the use of this technology to the West. Among many designs in USSR at that time the design by L. P. Sablev , et al., was allowed to be used outside the USSR. Process The arc evaporation process begins with the striking of a high Electric current current , low voltage arc on the surface of a cathode known as the target that gives rise to a small usually a few micrometre s wide , highly energetic emitting area known as a cathode spot . The localised temperature at the cathode spot is extremely high around 15000 C ... the evaporation process, Dissociation chemistry dissociation , ionization and Excited state excitation ... during deposition. By not allowing the cathode spot to remain in one position too long aluminium ... Thailand.JPG thumb right Titanium Nitride TiN coated punches using Cathodic arc deposition technique ... coated Endmills using Cathodic arc deposition technique File AlCrTiN CoatedHob NanoShieldPVD Thailand.jpg ... arc deposition technique Cathodic arc deposition is actively used to synthesize extremely hard film ... for carbon ion deposition to create diamond like carbon films. Because the ions are blasted from the surface ... before deposition. The DLC film from filtered arc contains extremely high percentage of sp sup 3 ... as metal ion plasma source for Ion implantation and Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation and Deposition PIII&D . See also Ion beam deposition Physical vapor deposition References SVC 51st Annual Technical ... 1978 425 Category Industrial processes Category Thin film deposition Category Coatings de Lichtbogenverdampfen ... more details
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