for the seismology term Depth of focus tectonics Depth of focus is a Lens optics lens optics concept .... In a camera, depth of focus indicates the tolerance of the film s displacement within the camera, and is therefore sometimes referred to as lens to film tolerance. Depth of focus vs depth of field While the phrase depth of focus was historically used, and is sometimes still used, to mean depth of field , in modern times it is more often reserved for the image side depth. Depth of field .... ref the second is the image side conjugate of depth of field. ref name Ray2000p56 With the first meaning, the depth of focus is symmetrical about the image plane with the second, the depth of focus is greater ... of an inch. The same factors that determine depth of field also determine depth of focus, but these factors ... of focus increase with smaller aperture s. For distant subjects beyond macro range , depth of focus ... region, depth of focus increases with longer focal length or closer subject distance, while depth of field ... yields a proportionately smaller depth of focus. In movie camera motion picture cameras , different ... given a greater depth of focus. It is often advised in 35 mm motion picture filming not to use filters behind the lens if the lens is wider than 25 mm. Calculation When the depth of focus relates to a single ... v f ,, math where t is the total depth of focus, N is the lens f number f number , c is the circle ... is not easily determined the depth of focus can also be given in terms of magnification m math ..., the simple formula will always err on the conservative side i.e., depth of focus will always be greater ... . ref name Ray2000p53 In astronomy, the depth of focus math Delta f math is the amount of defocus ... with a fixed position of the film plane image plane the plane of the film or electronic sensor . Depth of focus can have two slightly different meanings. The first is the distance over which the image plane can be displaced while a single object plane remains in acceptably sharp Focus optics focus ... more details
In seismology , the depth of focus refers to the depth at which an earthquake occurs. Earthquakes occurring at a depth of less than 70 km are classified as shallow focus earthquakes, while those with a focal depth between 70 and 300 km are commonly termed mid focus or intermediate depth earthquakes. ref D. Armstrong, F. Mugglestone, R. Richards and F. Stratton, OCR AS and A2 Geology, Pearson Education Limited, 2008, p. 32 ISBN 978 0435692117 ref In Subduction subduction zones , where older and colder oceanic crust descends beneath another tectonic plate, deep focus earthquakes may occur at much greater depths in the mantle ranging from 300 up to 700 kilometers . ref cite web publisher National Earthquake Information Center title M7.5 Northern Peru Earthquake of 26 September 2005 year pages date 17 October 2005 url ftp hazards.cr.usgs.gov maps sigeqs 20050926 20050926.pdf format PDF accessdate 2008 08 01 ref ref cite web author USGS title M7.5 Northern Peru Earthquake of 26 September 2005 year pages publisher date url ftp hazards.cr.usgs.gov maps sigeqs 20050926 20050926.pdf format pdf accessdate 2008 08 01 ref The cause of deep focus earthquakes is still not entirely understood since subducted lithosphere at that pressure and temperature regime should not exhibit brittle behavior. A possible mechanism for the generation of deep focus earthquakes is faulting caused by olivine undergoing a phase transition into a spinel structure, ref name olivine cite journal last Greene II first H. W. last2 Burnley first2 P. C. title A new self organizing mechanism for deep focus earthquakes journal Nature volume 341 issue 6244 pages 733 737 date October 26, 1989 doi 10.1038 341733a0 bibcode 1989Natur.341..733G ref with which they are believed to be associated. Earthquakes at this depth of focus typically occur at oceanic continental Convergent boundary convergent boundaries , along Wadati Benioff zone s. See also Asthenosphere Deeper earthquakes will need more force to overcome ... more details
Wiktionary depthDepth s may refer to Three dimensional space Depth ring theory , an important invariant of rings and modules in commutative and homological algebra Depth in a well , the measurement between two points in an oil well Color depth or number of bits or bit depth in computer graphics Market depth , in financial markets, the size of an order needed to move the market a given amount Moulded depth , a nautical measurement In art and entertainment Depths novel Depths novel , a novel by Henning Mankell Depths album Depths album , an album by Oceano Depths Law & Order Criminal Intent Depths Law & Order Criminal Intent , an episode of Law & Order Criminal Intent Depth , the Japanese title for the PlayStation game released in Europe under the name Fluid video game Fluid See also lookfrom intitle Depth charge disambiguation Depth perception , the visual ability to perceive the world in three dimensions 3D Fluid pressure Plumb bob Sea level Deep disambiguation disambiguation ca Profunditat desambiguaci es Profundidad desambiguaci n fr Profondeur it Profondit pt Profundidade ru ... more details
Infobox television show name In Depth image caption genre format creator developer presenter starring voices narrated theme music composer opentheme endtheme country United States language English num seasons num episodes list episodes producer executive producer location camera runtime network C SPAN 2 picture format audio format first run first aired February 6, 2000 last aired preceded by followed by related website In Depth is a three hour program that airs monthly on C SPAN 2 as part of their Book TV programming, and features a different writer each month. The discussion typically covers the breadth of their writing careers, and incorporates viewer calls and e mails. It is typically broadcast Live television live the first Sunday of each month. The first program was on February 6, 2000, and was a discussion with historian John Lukacs ref http www.c span.org About The Company C SPAN Milestones Timeline ref . For the first several years of the show, episodes were not produced during the summer months. There have been a few exceptions to the practice of featuring one single author, as with the programs featuring the Strand Bookstore , Frank J. Williams Frank Williams and Edna Greene Medford s discussion of Bibliography of Abraham Lincoln writings on Lincoln , and John K. Wilson and Jonathan Karp s discussions of the writings of Barack Obama and John McCain . Frequently, the profile will include taped footage of the author s own home or office, so as to give further perspective on how they approach the task of writing. On occasion as with the programs with Shelby Foote ref http www.c spanvideo.org program Foote ref and Harold Bloom ref http www.c spanvideo.org program 176255 1 ref entire three hour interviews have been conducted live at the home or office of the featured author. List of episodes Note The dates of original broadcast of each episode are listed below, along ... on In Depth for a full three hours on April 1, 2012, thus becoming the only guest to make two appearances ... more details
wiktionarypar focusFocus , FOCUS , or foci may refer to In science , mathematics or computing Focus ... things Focus computing , a term used to describe which of a number of GUI elements currently accepts keyboard input Focus optics , a point toward which light rays are made to converge Focus linguistics ... Focus earthquake , an earthquake s underground point of origin or hypocenter FOCUS , a database reporting program FOCUS hardware , a CPU architecture Helicon Focus , an image software program Focus geometry , a focus of a conic section Samsung Focus , a smartphone manufactured by Samsung which runs Microsoft Windows Phone In music Focus Stan Getz album Focus Stan Getz album , 1961 jazz album Focus Cynic album Focus Cynic album , 1993 metal album Focus band , 1970s Dutch band Bernard Focus... Edwards, Jr. , a U.S. music producer Focus , a song by John Reuben Focus , a song by Joe Budden In writing Focus encyclopedia Focus encyclopedia , a Swedish language encyclopedia Focus German magazine Focus German magazine , a German weekly news magazine Focus Italian magazine Focus Italian magazine , an Italian magazine Focus Polish magazine Focus Polish magazine , a Polish magazine Focus Christian magazine Focus Christian magazine , a Christian magazine Focus novel Focus novel , a 1945 novel by Arthur Miller Focus film Focus film , a 2002 film of the novel BBC Focus , a monthly science and technology magazine Other meanings Focus film , a 2002 film AGM 87 Focus , a U.S. Navy air to surface missile Focus Bikes , a German bicycle manufacturer Ford Focus international , international model of Ford Focus automobile Ford Focus North America , North American model of Ford Focus automobile Focus board game , an abstract strategy game Focus group , a form of qualitative research in which a group ..., or packaging Focus mitt , a padded target attached to a glove and usually used in training boxers and other combat athletes Operation Focus , the Israeli name for the attack against the Egyptian ... more details
Infobox musical artist name Bernard Focus... Edwards, Jr origin Manhattan , New York genre R&B , hip hop music Hip Hop occupation Record producer years active label Aftermath Entertainment Aftermath , Interscope Records Interscope , a.Fam Entertainment inc. associated acts background non performing personnel Bernard Focus... Edwards, Jr is a Atlanta based Grammy Award winning producer who first rose to fame when signed to Dr. Dre s Aftermath Entertainment . Since then he has produced tracks for Christina Aguilera , Jennifer Lopez , Beyonc Knowles , Busta Rhymes , Bishop Lamont , Tony Yayo , Stat Quo , Outlawz , Game rapper The Game , Jay Rock amongst others. ref name a.Fam MySpace http www.myspace.com afamentinc a.Fam MySpace ref Biography Focus... is the son of the late Bernard Edwards , co founder of disco and R&B band Chic band Chic . ref name a.Fam MySpace He was born in Manhattan , New York , and raised in the Tri State Region . ref name a.Fam MySpace Edwards, Jr credits his father with his love for the production side of music, which he developed from an early age, attending numerous studio sessions with his father. ref name a.Fam MySpace Focus... s production talents were first recognized by Dr. Dre when an artist Edwards, Jr had produced, Daks, greatly impressed the Aftermath ... Focus... so that the two could then continue working together. ref name hitquarters.com The beginning of 2009 saw Focus... leave Aftermath after seven years with the label. ref Cite news title Focus ... 2009 05 focus leaves aftermath focuses on his.html publisher The Hype Machine date May 25, 2009 accessdate 2010 03 03 ref In an interview with HitQuarters in 2010 Focus... explained the reasons for the departure ... index.php3?page intrview opar intrview Focus Interview.html Interview With Focus... , HitQuarters ... iSitdown w Focus Discography Music of the Misinterpreted 2011 References reflist Persondata ... OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Focus... Category American hip hop ... more details
he recreated the product he had built at Mathematica in the form of FOCUS which was released in 1975. The syntax of FOCUS in its simplest elements is almost a direct clone of the syntax of RAMIS bearing ..., ultimately landing with Computer Associates . NOMAD suffered a similar fate. FOCUS, under Cohen ... SAS , FOCUS never quite reached the same degree of mainstream adoption, perhaps because it had ... tools which made SAS the standard in fields such as pharmaceutical clinical trials . Instead, FOCUS ... Released in 1975, FOCUS resembles other data access and analysis languages such as SQL and SAS System SAS , but also includes report and chart display and presentation features. FOCUS assumes ... to maintain source code . FOCUS features the ability for the user to construct a data description ... master file description as needed. In 1997, a web based version of FOCUS was introduced called WebFOCUS which built on the data access and reporting foundation of FOCUS, expanding these to a visually ... for converting the other legacy 4GLs, such as RAMIS and FOCUS. External links http www.informationbuilders.com products focus overview.html Informationbuilders.com Category 4GL pt FOCUS ... more details
a depth map is an image or image channel that contains information relating to the distance of the surfaces of scene objects from a viewpoint. The term is related to and may be analogous to depth buffer , Z buffer , Z buffering and Z depth ref name test ftp ftp.futurenet.co.uk pub arts Glossary.pdf ... Cubic Structure File Cubic Frame Stucture and Floor Depth Map.jpg Depth Map Nearer is darker File Cubic Structure and Floor Depth Map with Front and Back Delimitation.jpg Depth Map Nearer the Focal Plane is darker gallery Two different depth maps can be seen here, together with the original model from which they are derived. The first depth map shows luminance in proportion to the distance from the camera. Nearer surfaces are darker further surfaces are lighter. The second depth map shows luminance ... with Shallow Depth of Field.jpg thumb 400px Shallow depth of field effect Depth maps have a number ... such as fog, smoke or large volumes of water. Simulating shallow Depth of field s where some parts of a scene appear to be out of focus. Depth maps can be used to selectively blur an image to varying degrees. A shallow depth of field can be a characteristic of Macro photography and so the technique ... process used to create shadows cast by illumination in 3D computer graphics. In this use, the depth ... such as human skin. Limitations Single channel depth maps record the first surface seen, and so ... in mirrors. This can limit their use in accurately simulating depth of field or fog effects. Single channel depth maps cannot convey multiple distances where they occur within the view of a single ... may be ambiguously described where they partially cover a pixel. Depending on the intended use of a depth ... bit depth map can only represent a range of up to 256 different distances. Depending on how they are generated, depth maps may represent the perpendicular distance between an object and the plane of the scene ... issue. References references See also 2D plus depth Autostereogram Depth of field Painter ... more details
eye Accommodation This is an oculomotor cue for depth perception. When we try to focus on far .... It may contribute to the depth perception in natural retinal images, because the depth of focus ...Depth perception is the visual perception visual ability to perceive the world in three dimension s Three dimensional space 3D and the distance of an object. Depth sensation is the ability to move accurately ... date January 2010 Depth perception arises from a variety of depth cues. These are typically classified ... 6th ed. . Pacific Grove CA Wadsworth. ref Binocular cues include stereopsis , yielding depth ... Virtual Boy Monocular vision Monocular cues provide depth information when viewing a scene with one ... the direction and velocity of movement is known, motion parallax can provide absolute depth information ... placement of the eyes employ parallax more explicitly than humans for depth cueing e.g. some types ... to an object of interest to do the same . ref name parallax group note Depth from Motion physics motion One form of depth from motion, kinetic depth perception , is determined by dynamically changing ... kinetic depth perception enables the brain to calculate time to crash distance aka time to collision ... changing headway TTC by kinetic depth perception. Perspective visual Perspective The property ... the relative depth of the two objects. If one subtends a larger visual angle on the retina than the other ... with previous knowledge of the object s size to determine the absolute depth of the object ... depth of an automobile in a scene. Aerial perspective Due to light scattering by the atmosphere ... appear to be at different depths. ref O Shea, R. P., Blackburn, S. G., & Ono, H. 1994 . Contrast as a depth ... depth. Accommodation is only effective for distances less than 2 meters. Occultation Occlusion also ... and geometry. Monocular occlusions are able to reduce the depth perception latency both in natural ... of the Stereoscopic Cinema A Study in Depth . New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold, pg 56. ref Depth ... more details
Keel depth sometimes given as Depth to keel is the depth or Draft hull draft of water from the water surface to the keel of a submarine , its deepest part. The keel establishes a commonly defined reference point to measure to. Keel depth is useful for determining safe operating depth in shallow water. References http www.flickr.com photos piedmont fossil 4756468510 A WW II submarine depth gauge displaying Depth to keel Category Nautical terms ... more details
would appear to be in focus. File Shallow Depth of Field with Bokeh.jpg thumb Out of focus ... EOS line of cameras included a feature called depth of field AE DEP that set focus and var f var ... by measuring the Depth of field Focus and f number from DOF limits focus spread and performing simple calculations the procedure is described in more detail in the section Depth of field Focus and f ... sharpness. Close up Image Depth of field Nov 2008.jpg thumb The integrated circuit package, which is in focus ... 1996 , 55 . Most lens DOF scales are based on the same concept. The focus spread is related to the depth ... is that the limits of depth of focus are the image side conjugates of the near and far limits of DOF. With the first definition, focus spread and depth of focus are usually close in value though conceptually different. With the second definition, focus spread and depth of focus are the same. Foreground ... images taken at different focus distances to give a resulting image with a greater depth of field ...Image Depth of field diagram.png thumb upright 2.0 The area within the depth of field appears sharp, while the areas in front of and beyond the depth of field appear blurry. Image DOF ShallowDepthofField.jpg thumb A Macro photography macro photograph with very shallow depth of field File Glass ochem ... with shallow depth of field for the same effect. In optics , particularly as it relates to film and photography , depth of field DOF is the distance between the nearest and farthest objects in a scene that appear acceptably sharp in an image. Although a lens optics lens can precisely focus at only ... and background. In cinematography , a large DOF is often called deep focus , and a small DOF is often called shallow focus . Affecting DOF are camera to subject distance, lens focal length , selected ... less DOF. When focus is set to the hyperfocal distance , the DOF extends from half the hyperfocal distance ... thumb left A 35 mm lens set to f number f 11 . The depth of field scale top indicates that a subject ... more details
Unreferenced date July 2011 In geophysics , the Curie depth is the depth at which rocks in a specific geographical area encounter the Curie temperature . This depth can be approximated from aeromagnetic survey data through spectral analysis or forward modeling. Category Geophysics ... more details
Bit depth may refer to The quantity which estimates quality of a signal quantization , for example Color depth in digital graphics and video Audio bit depth in digital audio For bit depth in drilling for petroleum, see drilling rig disambig ja ... more details
A depth finder could mean any of the following Sonar use of underwater sound propagation to measure depth Fathometer or fishfinder a device to locate fish at various water depths Echo sounding a technique using sound pulses to measure depth sounding line a length of rope used to measure water depth disambig ... more details
Martin Fackler date 1 June 2011 work New York Times ref The term defence in depth is now used in many non military contexts. Fire prevention A defence in depth strategy to fire prevention does not focus ...Refimprove date January 2010 for the Information Assurance strategy for computer security Defense in depth computing Defence in depth also known as deep or elastic defence is a military strategy it seeks ... in depth relies on the tendency of an attack to lose momentum over a period of time or as it covers ... back to its original starting position. The idea of defence in depth is now widely used to describe ... strategic . Military defence in depth A conventional defence strategy would concentrate all military ... and command vulnerable. Defence in depth requires that a defender deploy his resources, such as fortification ... risks being enveloped. The defence in depth strategy is particularly effective against an attacker ... units to make a defence and to prepare a counter attack . A well planned defence in depth strategy ... effects. Defence in depth may allow a defender to maximise the defensive possibilities of natural terrain and other advantages. The disadvantages of defence in depth are that it may be unacceptable ... or cultural reasons. In addition, the continuous retreats required by defence in depth require the defender ... in the history of the republic. main Defence in depth Roman military Edward Luttwak used the term ... centuries AD. Later examples of defence in depth might be European hill fort s and the development ... in depth include the multiple lines of trenches of the First World War , plans for the British anti .... The Pacific Front also had many examples of Defence in Depth where the Japanese inflicted heavy ... J. Kelly discussed the employment of the defence in depth principal in Army Special Forces camps ... Defence in depth may mean engineering which emphasizes redundancy engineering redundancy a system that keeps ... in depth denotes the practice of having multiple, redundant, and independent layers of safety systems ... more details
dicdef Critical depth is the depth in any waterbody ocean, sea or lake at which the rate of photosynthesis equals the rate of respiration of a primary producer mainly phytoplankton . Category Biology biology stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 The depth of any crater in a solid planet or Natural satellite moon whether it is an impact crater , a volcanic crater , or a subsidence crater may be measured from the local surface to the bottom of the crater, or from the rim of the crater to the bottom. Image Crater depth diagram.svg thumb center 400px Crater depth diagram The diagram above shows the full side view of a typical crater. Depth A measures from the surface to the bottom of the crater. Depth B measures from the mean height of the rim to the bottom of the crater. DEFAULTSORT Crater Depth Category Impact craters ca Profunditat d un cr ter fr Profondeur d un crat re pt Profundidade de cratera ru tr Krater derinli i zh ... more details
Image True vertical depth.jpg thumb 250 px right a is an imaginary line representing the True vertical depth, while line b is the borehole itself, and its length is called the measured depth. In the oil industry measured depth commonly shortened to MD , is the length of the borehole , line b in the image, and is measured in feet or metres. ref name Schlumberger cite web url http www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com Display.cfm?Term measured 20depth title Measured depth last Schlumberger year 2011 work Oilfield Glossary accessdate 3 February 2011 ref The borehole in this image is deviated from the vertical but many oilwell s are still just conventional vertical wells straight holes . Measured depth is normally referred to as just depth except when the oilwell is directional well directional as is the case in the image or horizontal well horizontal . In these wells, certain engineering calculations depend upon the true vertical depth , line a , to determine certain fluid mechanics . The true vertical depth is always equal to or less than the measured depth. If you imagine line b were a piece of string and pull it straight down, you would see that it would be longer than line a . References Reflist Category Petroleum engineering Petroleum stub ... more details
Depth hoar are large crystal s occurring at the base of a snow pack that form from when uprising water vapor freezing freezes onto existing snow crystals. Depth hoar crystals are large, sparkly grains with facet s that can be cup shaped and that are up to 10 mm in diameter. Depth hoar crystals bond poorly to each, increasing the risk for avalanches . The formation of depth hoar in artic or antarctic firn can cause isotopic changes in the accumulating ice. This can influence analysis of ice cores in scientific research External links http www.fsavalanche.org Encyclopedia depth hoar.htm The Avalanche Encyclopedia , extensive summary with animation of formation process Category Snow meteorology stub sr ... more details
Unreferenced date September 2007 Image Depth gauge.jpg right thumb 200px A digital depth gauge combined with a timer and temperature display, also referred to as a Bottom timer A depth gauge is a pressure gauge that displays the equivalent depth in water. It is a piece of diving equipment often used by Scuba diving SCUBA divers . Most modern diving depth gauges have an electronics electronic mechanism and digital display. Older types used a machine mechanical mechanism and analog circuit analogue display. A diver uses a depth gauge with decompression tables and a watch to avoid decompression sickness . A common alternative to the depth gauge, watch and decompression tables is a dive computer . A depth gauge and an oxygen analyser oxygen sensor can be used to measure the partial pressure of oxygen of the breathing gas , which is necessary to avoid oxygen toxicity . Digital depth gauges commonly also include a timer showing the interval of time that the diver has been submerged. Some show the diver s rate of ascent and descent, which can be is useful for avoiding barotrauma . As the gauge only measures water pressure, there is an inherent inaccuracy in the depth displayed by gauges that are used in both fresh water and seawater due to the difference in the density densities of fresh water and seawater. External links http archive.rubicon foundation.org xmlui search?query Depth gauge Articles on depth gauges hosted by the Rubicon Foundation Category Underwater diving safety equipment Category Pressure gauges de Tiefenmesser fr Profondim tre it Profondimetro kk nl Dieptemeter pl G boko ciomierz zanurzenie ro Profundimetru ru fi Syvyysmittari uk ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2006 Commented out because image was deleted Image Detroit Lions Depth Chart.PNG right thumb 300px An example of a depth chart Deletable image caption In sports, a depth chart is used to show the placements of the starting players and the secondary players. Generally a starting player will be listed first or on top while a back up will be listed below. Depth charts also tend to resemble the actual position locations of certain players. The typical Major League Baseball depth chart consists of a list of players at each position, with the starter or first string player listed first, followed by replacement and Platoon system platoon players . For fantasy baseball , typical preseason projection systems such as PECOTA construct depth charts that specify not just the order of the players at each position starter, replacement or List of baseball jargon B bench bench player but also the amount of playing time each person at that position will have. For example, at first base one player may be projected as playing 60 percent of the innings, and another 40 percent for the coming season, while at catcher one player may be projected as playing 80 percent of the innings, and another 20 percent. For pitchers, the depth charts project the number of innings each roster player will pitch. Outside of sports The term depth chart is now also being used from the perspective of management theory, to address the process of key positioning leaders within the organization, considering a dynamic Product lifecycle engineering life cycle perspective which includes developmental tasks such as those cited in books and articles related to the leadership pipeline subject. A depth chart analysis for key positioning leaders should affect the development of leadership training programs and high performance development initiatives in modern corporations and enterprises. See also National Football League depth chart DEFAULTSORT Depth Chart Category Diagrams simple Depth chart ... more details
In the oil and gas industry, depth in a well is the measurement, for any point in that well, of the distance ... for locations in the well, and therefore, in oil industry speech, depth also refers to the location itself. By extension, depth can refer to locations below, or distances from, a reference point or elevation, even when there is no well. In that sense, depth is a concept related to elevation , albeit in the opposite direction. Depth in a well is not necessarily measured vertically or along a straight ... point in a wellbore the measured depth MD measured along the path of the borehole , and the true vertical depth TVD , the absolute vertical distance between the Datum geodesy datum and the point in the wellbore ... floor DF , rotary table RT , kelly bushing KB and mean sea level MSL . The specification of depth Although it is an intuitive concept, depth in a well is the source of much confusion because it is frequently not specified correctly. Absolute depth should always be specified with three components a unit e.g. m for metre , a path e.g. MD for measured depth and the reference or datum they refer to e.g. ... in a particular well 1,500 m measured depth below the rotary table , which may be equal to 1,492 mTVDMSL 1,492 m true vertical depth below mean sea level after correction for deviations from vertical. Depth in a well as used in the oil and gas industry Well depth values taken during the drilling operation are referred to as driller s depth . The total depth for the well, core depths and all analysis of core mud and other materials from the drilling hole are measured in drillers depth . Well depth values from the Wireline logging wireline loggers operation are referred to as logger s depth . The loggers depth are typically considered more reliable than the drillers depth. The difference between loggers and drillers depth are due to different stretch in the drilling string when drilling ... is estimated and referred to as core shift . A core from a certain drillers depth is lined up ... more details
File 2D plus depth.png thumb alt 2D image and its depth map 2D image and its depth map, lighter depth map areas are regarded as closer to a viewer 2D plus Depth or also called 2D Z format not to be confused ... 3D displays which use the 2D plus Depth format for 3D video input. ref http www.dimenco.eu display technology Dimenco s 3D Displays & Technology ref Overview The 2D plus Depth format is described ... depth map which indicates if a specific pixel in the 2D image needs to be shown in front ... of depth within the image. Processing within the monitor used this input to render the multiview images. Supported by various companies across the display industry, 2D plus Depth has been standardized ... an extension on the 2D plus Depth format called the WOWvx Declipse format. It is described ... are added to the original 2D image and its depth map for each frame the background areas covered by foreground objects and their respective depth map. So, each frame in the Declipse format is described ... by shifting foreground objects during the multiview generation process. Advantages 2D plus Depth has .... 2D plus Depth offers flexibility and compatibility with existing production equipment and compression .... Another advantage is that depth maps are created in the course of 2D to stereo 3D conversion using ... 2D plus Depth representation of a converted stereo footage in almost all cases. Considering the lack ... benefit. Disadvantages 2D plus Depth is not compatible with existing 2D or 3D Ready displays. The format has been criticized due to the limited amount of depth that can be displayed in an 8 bit greyscale. 2d plus Depth cannot handle transparency semi transparent objects in the scene and occlusion ... beyond simple transparency and other optical phenomena. Creation of accurate 2D plus Depth is generally ... is a new way to make direct, rather than derived, depth measurements of target objects . Sensors . ref 2d plus Depth lacks the potential increase in resolution of using two complete images. Depth ... more details
Other uses Optical depth astrophysics Optical depth , or optical thickness , is a measure of transparency optics transparency . Optical depth is defined by the negative natural logarithm of the fraction of radiation e.g., light that is not scattered or absorbed on a path. Hence optical depth is Dimensionless quantity dimensionless , and particularly is not expressed in units of length however the optical depth to an object will typically approach zero as the spatial distance to the object decreases. Formulations The optical depth expresses the quantity of light removed from a beam by scattering or absorption electromagnetic radiation absorption during its path through a transmission medium medium . If math I 0 math is the intensity physics intensity of radiation at the source and math I math is the observed intensity after a given path, then optical depth math tau math is defined by the following ... , the optical depth of a cloud of atoms can be calculated from the quantum mechanical properties of the atoms ... , one often refers to the optical depth of the atmosphere as corresponding to the vertical path from ... space. Since &tau refers to a vertical path, the optical depth for a slant path is &tau &prime ... depth of the atmosphere can be divided into several components, ascribed to Rayleigh scattering ... depth of the atmosphere can be measured with a sun photometer . See also Beer s law Stellar physics ... where its optical depth is 2 3. This means that each photon emitted at the photosphere suffers an average of less than one scattering before it reaches the observer. At the temperature at optical depth ... energy emitted. Note that the optical depth of a given medium will be different for different colors wavelength s of light. For planetary rings , the optical depth is the proportion of light blocked ... http scienceworld.wolfram.com physics OpticalDepth.html optical depth equations Category Scattering ... Optical depth sk Optick hr bka sl Opti na globina zh ... more details
Deleted image removed File depth conversion wwwvelocitymanagercom.jpg Image courtesy of http www.velocitymanager.com Cambridge Petroleum Software thumb 400px Depth conversion is an important step of the seismic reflection method, which converts the acoustic wave travel time to actual depth, based on the acoustic velocity of subsurface medium sediments, rocks, water . Depth conversion integrates several sources of information about the suburface velocity to derive a Three dimensional space three dimensional velocity model Well tops , i.e., depth of geological layers encountered in Petroleum oil and gas oil well well s Velocity measurements made in Petroleum oil and gas oil well well s Empirical knowledge about the velocities of the rocks in the area investigated Root Mean Square RMS stacking velocities which are derived from the processing of the seismic reflection data This conversion permits to produce depth and thickness maps of subsurface layers interpreted on seismic reflection data. These maps are crucial in hydrocarbon exploration because they permit the volumetric evaluation of gas or oil in place. In the example subsurface map presented below, depth increases from red to blue. The highest zone in red is an oilfield at approximately 3000 m below sea level. Software for depth conversion Seismic Unix open source seismic software http www.velocitymanager.com VelocityManager Commercial software minimising uncertainty. http www.dugsw.com duginsight DUG Insight Commercial software by DownUnder GeoSolutions http www.halliburton.com ps Default.aspx?navid 221&pageid 862&prodid MSE 3A 3A1055450737429153 Promax Commercial software by Halliburton http www.halliburton.com ps default.aspx ... Depth conversion http www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com Display.cfm?Term depth 20conversion definition ... depth conversion more than a pretty picture presentation of different methods for depth conversion ... presenting different variations of the V sub 0 sub K depth conversion method See also Oil exploration ... more details
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