A derived set may refer to Derived set mathematics , a construction in point set topology Derived row , a concept in musical set theory disambig ... more details
In computer science , derived type can mean a composite data type , one built out of other types a subtype or derived class Category Data types Category Type theory dab ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 In Computer programming , derived objects are files intermediate or not that are not directly maintained, but get created. The most typical context is that of compilation, linking, and packaging of source files. Depending on the revision control SCM system, they may be completely ignored, managed as second class citizens or potentially considered the archetype of configuration items. The second case assumes a reproducible process to produce them. The third case implies that this process is itself being managed, or in practice Audit audited . Currently, only builds are typically audited, but nothing in principle prevents the extension of this to more general patterns of production. Derived objects may then have a real identity. Different instances of the same derived object may be discriminated generically from each other on the basis of their Dependency theory dependency tree. DEFAULTSORT Derived Object Category Revision control ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2009 Derived demand is a term in economics, where demand for one good or service occurs as a result of the demand for another intermediate final good or service. This may occur as the former is a part of production of the second. For example, demand for coal leads to derived demand for mining, as coal must be mined for coal to be consumed. As the demand for coal increases, so does its price. The increase in price leads to a higher demand for the resources involved in mining coal. And therefore blockquote math MRP L MPP L P math blockquote Where MRP is the marginal revenue product of labor, MPP is the marginal physical product of labor, and P is the price of the physical product of labor. Demand for transport is another good example of derived demand, as users of transport are very often consuming the service not because they benefit from consumption directly except in cases such as pleasure cruises or holiday flights to tourist destinations , but because they wish to partake in other consumption elsewhere. Derived demand applies to both consumers and producers. Producers have a derived demand for employees. The employees themselves are not demanded rather, the skills and productivity that they bring are. Another example would be production and demand for fertilizer. Farmers need to grow crops, which is his main source of income. However, inorder for these crops to grow, they need fertilizer for nourishment. Therfore, the farmers demand for fertilizer is derived from their demand to grow crops. Tickets are a derived demand for entertainment. Entertainment is the demand being satisfied when a ticket is bought it is purely a means to an end. The ticket ... for a particular good or service increases, the derived demand for factors of production needed in producing ... in wages. Adversely, when supply for a good or service decreases so does the derived demand for its ... Derived Demand Category Business economics Category Demand simple Derived demand sl Izvedeno povpra evanje ... more details
In mathematics , the derived category D C of an abelian category C is a construction of homological algebra introduced to refine and in a certain sense to simplify the theory of derived functor s defined ... homology of the chain complexes. Derived functors can then be defined for chain complexes, refining the concept of hyperhomology hyper derived functors . The definitions lead to a significant ... s. The development of the derived category, by Alexander Grothendieck and his student Jean Louis ... of localization of a ring . The original impulse to develop the derived formalism came from the need to find a suitable formulation of Grothendieck s coherent duality theory. Derived categories .... With it came the idea that the real tensor product and Hom functors would be those existing on the derived ... of abstraction, the derived category methodology established itself over the following decades ... greater than 1 in derived terms, around 1980. The Mikio Sato Sato school adopted it, and the subsequent ... be an abelian category . We obtain the derived category math D mathcal A math in several steps The basic ... A math . Its objects will be the objects of the derived category but its morphisms will be altered. Pass ... are chain homotopy chain homotopic . Pass to the derived category math D mathcal A math by localization of a category localizing at the set of quasi isomorphism s. Morphisms in the derived category ... sup 0 for n 0 complexes instead of unbounded ones. The corresponding derived categories are usually .... Composition of morphisms, i.e. roofs, in the derived category is accomplished by finding a third ... , the derived category is triangulated as well. Distinguished triangles are those quasi isomorphic to triangles ... in the derived category directly. Therefore one looks for a more manageable category which is equivalent to the derived category. Classically, there are two dual approaches to this projective and injective ... resolutions in the context of the derived category, which is the basis for defining right ... more details
In mathematics , certain functor s may be derived to obtain other functors closely related to the original ... gives rise to a long exact sequence . The concept of derived functors explains and clarifies many ... enough there is one canonical form canonical way of doing so, given by the right derived ... the right derived functors of F measure how far F is from being exact. If the object A in the above ... sup F A 0. Right derived functors are zero on injectives this is the motivation for the construction ... a monomorphism A I where I is an injective object in A . The right derived functors of the covariant ... with the long exact sequence property, is often used to compute the values of right derived functors ... P is a projective module projective object , then one can define analogously the left derived functors ... A to G B to G C to 0 math . Left derived functors are zero on all projective objects. One may also start with a contravariant left exact functor F the resulting right derived functors are then also ... derived functors are zero on projectives and are therefore computed via projective resolutions ... assigns to each such sheaf L the group L X of global sections is left exact, and the right derived ... as the right derived functors of the global section functor. tale cohomology is another cohomology ... left R module, then the functor Hom A , is left exact, and its right derived functors are the Ext ... of M that are held fixed by G . This is a left exact functor, and its right derived functors are the group cohomology functors, typically written as H sup i sup G , M . Naturality Derived functors ... of derived functors holds given a family of functors R sup i sup A B , satisfying the above, i.e. ... sup i sup I 0 for every positive i , then these functors are the right derived functors of R sup 0 sup . Generalization The more modern and more general approach to derived functors uses the language of derived category derived categories . References Citation last1 Manin first1 Yuri Ivanovich author1 ... more details
register music registral difference, the opposite of derivation used in derived rows. More generally ... DEFAULTSORT Derived Row Category Twelve tone technique Category Post tonal music theory ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 HTDV , or human teratocarcinoma derived virus, is a human endogenous retrovirus . DEFAULTSORT Human Teratocarcinoma Derived Virus Category Endogenous retroviruses Virus stub Retroviruses ... more details
Endothelium derived relaxing factor EDRF is produced and released by the endothelium to promote smooth muscle relaxation. The best characterized is nitric oxide NO . Some sources equate EDRF and nitric oxide. ref DorlandsDict three 000038536 endothelial derived relaxing factor ref It is released in response to a variety of chemical and physical stimuli. It causes the smooth muscle in the vessel wall to relax. EDRF was discovered and characterized by Robert F. Furchgott , a winner of the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1998 with his co researchers Louis J. Ignarro and Ferid Murad . According to Furchgott s website at SUNY Downstate Medical Center , ...we are investigating whether the endothelium derived relaxing factor EDRF is simply nitric oxide or a mixture of substances . ref name urlRobert Furchgott cite web url http www.hscbklyn.edu pharmacology furch.htm title Robert Furchgott format work accessdate 2008 12 21 ref Although there is strong evidence that nitric oxide elicits vasodilation, there is some evidence tying this effect to neuronal rather than endothelial reactions. ref name pmid11319669 cite journal author Chowdhary S, Townend JN title Nitric oxide and hypertension not just an endothelium derived relaxing factor journal J Hum Hypertens volume 15 issue 4 pages 219 27 year 2001 month April pmid 11319669 doi 10.1038 sj.jhh.1001165 ref References edrf reflist 2 Category Nitrogen compounds Category Nitrogen metabolism ... more details
A cartilage derived angiogenesis inhibitor is an angiogenesis inhibitor produced from cartilage . Examples include the peptide troponin I ref cite journal author Kern BE, Balcom JH, Antoniu BA, Warshaw AL, Fern ndez del Castillo C title Troponin I peptide Glu94 Leu123 , a cartilage derived angiogenesis inhibitor in vitro and in vivo effects on human endothelial cells and on pancreatic cancer journal J. Gastrointest. Surg. volume 7 issue 8 pages 961 8 discussion 969 year 2003 pmid 14675705 doi 10.1016 j.gassur.2003.08.003 ref and chondromodulin I ref cite journal author Setoguchi K, Misaki Y, Kawahata K, et al. title Suppression of T cell responses by chondromodulin I, a cartilage derived angiogenesis inhibitory factor therapeutic potential in rheumatoid arthritis journal Arthritis Rheum. volume 50 issue 3 pages 828 39 year 2004 month March pmid 15022325 doi 10.1002 art.20193 url http doi.wiley.com 10.1002 art.20193 ref . The antiangiogenic effect may be an inhibition of basement membrane degradation. References reflist DEFAULTSORT Cartilage Derived Angiogenesis Inhibitor Category Angiogenesis inhibitors biochemistry stub ... more details
In mathematics , more specifically in point set topology , the derived set of a subset S of a topological space is the set of all limit point s of S . It is usually denoted by S&prime . The concept was first introduced by Georg Cantor in 1872 and he developed set theory in large part to study derived sets on the real line . Properties A subset S of a topological space is closed set closed precisely when math S subseteq S math , when math S math contains all its limit points. Two subsets S and T are separated sets separated precisely when they are disjoint sets disjoint and each is disjoint from the other s derived set though the derived sets don t need to be disjoint from each other . The set S is defined to be a perfect set if S S&prime . Equivalently, a perfect set is a closed set with no isolated point s. Perfect sets are particularly important in applications of the Baire category theorem . Two topological spaces are homeomorphic if and only if there is a bijection from one to the other such that the derived set of the image of any subset is the image of the derived set of that subset. The Cantor Bendixson theorem states that any Polish space can be written as the union of a countable set and a perfect set. Because any g delta set G sub sub subset of a Polish space is again a Polish space, the theorem also shows that any G sub sub subset of a Polish space is the union of a countable set and a set that is perfect with respect to the induced topology . Topology in terms of derived sets Because homeomorphisms can be described entirely in terms of derived sets, derived sets have been used as the primitive notion in topology . A set of points X can be equipped with an operator sup sup mapping subsets of X to subsets of X , such that for any set S and any point a math ... in which sup sup is the derived set operator, that is, math S S , math . If we also require that the derived set of a set consisting of a single element be empty, the resulting space will be a T1 ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Bone marrow derived macrophage BMDM refers to a white blood cell that is generated in a research laboratory from mammalian bone marrow . Undifferentiated bone marrow cells are cultured in granulocyte monocyte colony stimulating factor GM CSF for at least five to seven days. GM CSF is a cytokine that directs cell differentiation . These cells are often used in immunology and cell biology research. References http cshprotocols.cshlp.org cgi content full 2008 13 pdb.prot5080 Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages BMM Isolation and Applications Category Immunology Immunology stub ... more details
complex Z lowercase Linear analog electronic filter filter1 hide filter3 hide m derived filters or m ... ladder network. A mid series section is derived by cutting through the middle of the series impedance ... image impedance. Similarly, a mid shunt section is derived by cutting through the middle of the shunt admittance Y and results in a section with a mid shunt image impedance. A series m derived section is shorthand for mid series derived ladder type section . This makes it clear that the word series ..., because the additional component is in series with the shunt element. Similarly, shunt m derived section is shorthand for mid shunt derived ladder type section . ref Zobel, O J, Electrical wave ... 0071494677. ref br style clear right Derivation File M Derived Series Filter Half section.svg thumb right 250px m derived series general filter half section. File M Derived Shunt Low pass Filter Half section.svg thumb right 250px m derived shunt low pass filter half section. br math C frac L R 0 2 math The building block of m derived filters, as with all image impedance filters, is the L network ... Y . The m derived filter is a derivative of the constant k filter . The starting point of the design is the values of Z and Y derived from the constant k prototype and are given by math k 2 frac ... Z and Y by an arbitrary constant m 0 m 1 . There are two different kinds of m derived section series and shunt. To obtain the m derived series half section, the designer determines the impedance that must ... frac 1 m 2 m Z. math To obtain the m derived shunt half section, an admittance is added to 1 mZ to make ... with a specific example of a low pass section. A consequence of this design is that the m derived ... See also Image impedance Derivation File M Derived Low pass Image Impedance.svg thumb right 300px m derived prototype shunt low pass filter Z sub iTm sub image impedance for various values of m . Values ... File M Derived Low pass Transfer Function 1 Half section .svg thumb right 300px m Derived low pass ... more details
PBB geneid 3068 Hepatoma derived growth factor HDGF also known as high mobility group protein 1 like 2 HMG 1L2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HDGF gene . ref name pmid8833162 cite journal author Wanschura S, Schoenmakers EF, Huysmans C, Bartnitzke S, Van de Ven WJ, Bullerdiek J title Mapping of the gene encoding the human hepatoma derived growth factor HDGF with homology to the high mobility group HMG 1 protein to Xq25 journal Genomics volume 32 issue 2 pages 298 300 year 1997 month May pmid 8833162 pmc doi 10.1006 geno.1996.0122 ref ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene HDGF hepatoma derived growth factor high mobility group protein 1 like url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 3068 accessdate ref References reflist Further reading refbegin 2 cite journal author Everett AD, Bushweller J title Hepatoma derived growth factor is a nuclear targeted mitogen. journal Current drug targets volume 4 issue 5 pages 367 71 year 2003 pmid 12816346 doi 10.2174 1389450033490975 cite journal author Nakamura H, Izumoto Y, Kambe H, et al. title Molecular cloning of complementary DNA for a novel human hepatoma derived growth factor. Its homology with high mobility group 1 protein. journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 269 issue 40 pages 25143 9 year 1994 pmid 7929202 doi cite journal author Kishima Y, Yamamoto H, Izumoto Y, et al. title Hepatoma derived growth factor stimulates cell growth after translocation to the nucleus by nuclear localization ... derived growth factor is involved in lung remodeling by stimulating epithelial growth. journal ... derived growth factor in hepatocarcinogenesis. journal J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. volume 18 issue ... Everett AD, Narron JV, Stoops T, et al. title Hepatoma derived growth factor is a pulmonary endothelial ... of human hepatoma derived growth factor. journal J. Biomol. NMR volume 29 issue 1 pages 95 6 year ... al. title Hepatoma derived growth factor as a prognostic marker in completely resected non small cell ... more details
unreferenced date December 2009 The derived no effect level DNEL is the level of exposure to a substance above which humans should not be exposed. According to REACH Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals legislation, i.e. REGULATION EC No 1907 2006 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 18 December 2006, Annex 1 manufacturers and importers of chemical substances are required to calculate DNELs as part of their Chemical Safety Assessment CSA for any chemicals used in quantities of 10 tonnes or more per year. The DNEL is to be published in the manufacturer s Chemical Safety Report CSR and, for hazard communication, in an extended Safety Data Sheet. Category Environmental health ar fi DNEL ... more details
sup s sup &minus 2 sup katal kat catalytic activity mol s s sup &minus 1 sup mol Examples of derived ... SI units navbox Category SI units Derived unit Category SI derived units ar ast Unidaes ... more details
derived neurotoxin and eosinophil cationic protein genes evidence for intronless coding sequences ... DA, et al. title Sequence of human eosinophil derived neurotoxin cDNA identity of deduced amino acid ... al. title Biochemical and functional similarities between human eosinophil derived neurotoxin and eosinophil ... MN title X ray crystallographic structure of recombinant eosinophil derived neurotoxin at 1.83 A resolution ... DG, Kita H, et al. title Localization of eosinophil derived neurotoxin and eosinophil cationic protein ... RNASE2 protein, human MeshName Eosinophil Derived Neurotoxin gene 14 stub Nucleases Granule ... more details
Orphan date April 2012 In blood vessels Endothelium Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor or EDHF is proposed to be a substance and or electrical signal that is generated or synthesized in and released from the endothelium its action is to Hyperpolarization biology hyperpolarize vascular smooth muscle cells , causing these cells to relax, thus allowing the blood vessel to expand in diameter. ref name Luksha2009 cite journal author Luksha L, Agewall S, Kublickiene K title Endothelium derived hyperpolarizing factor in vascular physiology and cardiovascular disease journal Atherosclerosis volume 202 issue 2 pages 330 44 year 2009 month February pmid 18656197 doi 10.1016 j.atherosclerosis.2008.06.008 url ref Introduction The endothelium maintains vascular homeostasis through the release of active vasodilators . Although Nitric Oxide NO is recognized as the primary factor at level of arteries, increased evidence for the role of another endothelium derived vasodilator known as endothelium derived hyperpolarizing factor EDHF has accumulated in the last years. Experiments show that when NO and Prostacyclin Vasodilators are inhibited there is still another factor causing the vessels to dilate ref name ... general pathways that explain EDH Diffusible factors are endothelium derived substances that are able ... author Shimokawa H, Morikawa K title Hydrogen peroxide is an endothelium derived hyperpolarizing .... Endothelium derived CNP has been proposed to acts as an EDHF via specific C subtype of natriuretic ... derived hyperpolarising factor should represent a mechanism rather than a specific factor. The mechanism ... of endothelial function. However, once the involvement of a certain endothelium derived ... name i.e., endothelium derived H sub 2 sub O sub 2 sub , or CNP , and no longer be termed as EDHF ... in health and disease ref Endothelium derived hyperpolarizing factor in vascular physiology and cardiovascular ... ref See also Endothelium derived relaxing factor References reflist 2 ... more details
PBB geneid 6387 SDF 1 stromal cell derived factor 1 is small cytokine belonging to the chemokine family that is officially designated Chemokine C X C motif ligand 12 CXCL12 . Stromal cell derived factors 1 alpha and 1 beta are small cytokines that belong to the intercrine family, members of which activate leukocyte s and are often induced by proinflammatory stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide , tumor necrosis factors TNF , or interleukin 1 IL1 . The intercrines are characterized by the presence of 4 conserved cysteine s that form 2 disulfide bond s. They can be classified into 2 subfamilies. In the CC subfamily, which includes beta chemokine, the cysteine residues are adjacent to each other. In the CXC subfamily, which includes alpha chemokine, they are separated by an intervening amino acid. The SDF1 proteins belong to the latter group. ref cite web title Entrez Gene CXCL12 chemokine C X C motif ligand 12 stromal cell derived factor 1 url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 6387 accessdate ref Structure SDF 1 is produced in two forms, SDF 1 ..., Tosato G title Differential processing of stromal derived factor 1alpha and stromal derived factor ... lymphocyte chemoattractant, stromal cell derived factor 1 SDF 1 journal J. Exp. Med. volume 184 ... in mice lacking a chemokine, stromal cell derived factor 1 SDF 1 journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. ... title Effect of stromal cell derived factor 1 on stem cell homing and tissue regeneration in ischaemic ... cells mediated by stromal cell derived factor 1alpha CXCR4 via PI3K Akt eNOS signal transduction ... derived factor SDF 1 CXCL12 and human tumor pathogenesis journal Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. volume ... localization of the human stromal cell derived factor 1 SDF1 gene journal Genomics volume ... E, et al. title Stroma derived factor SDF 1 CXCL12 and human tumor pathogenesis journal Am. J. Physiol ... cite journal author Stellos K, Gawaz M title Platelets and stromal cell derived factor 1 ... more details
PBB geneid 627 Brain derived neurotrophic factor , also known as BDNF , is a secreted protein ref name pmid15518235 cite journal author Binder DK, Scharfman HE title Brain derived Neurotrophic Factor journal ... Human and rat brain derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin 3 gene structures, distributions, and chromosomal .... ref name pmid12719654 cite journal author Yamada K, Nabeshima T title Brain derived neurotrophic factor ... A, Chmielnicki E, Lerner K, Roh D, Goldman SA title Adenoviral brain derived neurotrophic factor ... author Pencea V, Bingaman KD, Wiegand SJ, Luskin MB title Infusion of brain derived neurotrophic ... J, Jaenisch R title Studies on the physiological role of brain derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin ... AL, Ozdener H, Utermohlen V title Identification of Pro and Mature Brain derived Neurotrophic Factor ... action of brain derived neurotrophic factor attenuates alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mediated ... entrez dispomim.cgi?id 113505&a 113505 AllelicVariant0001 Omim Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Bdnf ... A title Idiopathic congenital central hypoventilation syndrome evaluation of brain derived neurotrophic ... journal author Dwivedi Y title Brain derived neurotrophic factor role in depression and suicide journal ... G, Zanardini R, Bogetto F, Gennarelli M, Bocchio Chiavetto L title Serum levels of brain derived neurotrophic ... title Brain derived neurotrophic factor in neurodegenerative diseases journal Nat Rev Neurol volume ... X title Blood levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor correlate with several psychopathological ... activity, and antidepressant treatment potentiate the expression of specific brain derived neurotrophic ... al. year 2003 title Alterations of serum levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor BDNF in depressed ... blood levels of homovanillic acid and brain derived neurotrophic factor BDNF in refractory depressed ... first1 SM doi 10.1097 YCT.0b013e3181571ad0 title Electroconvulsive therapy, brain derived neurotrophic ... N title Inhibition of GABAA synaptic responses by brain derived neurotrophic factor BDNF in rat hippocampus ... more details
proposed In Line Shuttle Derived Launch Vehicle. SDV concepts were proposed even before the Shuttle ... external tank external tank ET derived core stage powered by three or four Space Shuttle Main Engine ... on 17 June 2009 in Washington, D.C. NASA Side Mount Vehicle main Shuttle Derived Heavy Lift Launch Vehicle ... pdf 361842main 15 20 20Augustine 20Sidemount 20Final.pdf Shuttle Derived Heavy Lift Launch Vehicle ... , to be used for crew launch, will use as its first stage a solid rocket derived from the Space Shuttle ... portal Spaceflight http www.astronautix.com lvfam shuttle.htm Shuttle Derived Vehicles http www.astronautix.com lvs shuttlec.htm Shuttle C http chapters.nss.org ny nyc Shuttle Derived 20Vehicles 20Modified.pdf ... at Space.com http www.directlauncher.com The DIRECT Shuttle derived launch vehicle proposal http ... Shuttle program Launch Vehicle Category Shuttle derived space launch vehicles Category NASA space ... Ares Rakete fr Ares pl Shuttle Derived Launch Vehicle sk Ares nosn raketa fi Ares raketti ... more details
Refuse derived fuel RDF or solid recovered fuel specified recovered fuel SRF is a fuel produced by shredding and dehydrating solid waste MSW with a Waste converter technology. RDF consists largely of combustible components of municipal waste such as plastic s and biodegradable waste . RDF processing facilities are normally located near a source of MSW and, while an optional combustion facility is normally close to the processing facility, it may also be located at a remote location. SRF can be distinguished from RDF in the fact that it is produced to reach a standard such as CEN 343 ANAS. A comprehensive review is now available on SRF RDF production, quality standards and thermal recovery, including statistics on European SRF quality ref http www.tandfonline.com doi abs 10.1080 10643380802586980 Velis C. et al. 2010 Production and quality assurance of solid recovered fuels using mechanical biological treatment MBT of waste a comprehensive assessment ref . Processing methods Non combustible materials such as glass and metals are removed during the post treatment processing cycle with an air knife or other mechanical separation processing. The residual material can be sold in its processed form depending on the process treatment or it may be compressed into pellets, bricks or logs and used for other purposes either stand alone or in a recursive recycling process. ref Williams, P. 1998 Waste Treatment and Disposal. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester ref Advanced RDF processing methods pressurised steam treatment in an autoclave can remove or significantly reduce harmful pollutants ... waste derived fuel contract , www.letsrecycle.com , Accessed 20.11.06 ref ref http www.letsrecycle.com info waste management news.jsp?story 6237 Manchester seeks outlets for refuse derived fuel , www.letsrecycle.com ... waste is turned into refuse derived fuel. The 70,000 80,000 tonnes RDF that is produced per annum ... derivato dai rifiuti nl Refuse derived fuel ja ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
