ref improve date November 2011 Infobox disease Name Diabeticnephropathy Image Nodular glomerulosclerosis.jpeg ... eMedicineTopic MeshID D003928 Diabeticnephropathy nephropatia diabetica , also known as Kimmelstiel Wilson syndrome , or nodular diabetic glomerulosclerosis ref cite journal last1 Berkman first1 James last2 Rifkin first2 Harold year 1973 title Unilateral nodular diabetic glomerulosclerosis ... lesions, and is more frequent in men. Diabeticnephropathy is the most common cause of chronic ... than others. Pathophysiology The earliest detectable change in the course of diabeticnephropathy .... This stage is called microalbuminuria . As diabeticnephropathy progresses, increasing numbers ... biopsy generally clearly shows diabeticnephropathy. The Armanni Ebstein change or Armanni Ebstein ... of the renal artery and proteinuria . Throughout its early course, diabeticnephropathy ... usually reduces proteinuria levels and slows the progression of diabeticnephropathy. Several effects ... cite journal last Maeda first Y coauthors Shiigai T title Diet Therapy in DiabeticNephropathy journal ... physical activity. Patients with diabeticnephropathy should avoid taking the following drugs Contrast ... production, may provide new hope for patients suffering from diabeticnephropathy. ref cite journal ... Diabeticnephropathy continues to get gradually worse. Complications of chronic kidney failure ... References reflist 2 External links http www.healthcentral.com mhc top 000494.cfm Diabeticnephropathy . HealthCentral. http www.nlm.nih.gov medlineplus ency article 000494.htm Diabeticnephropathy ... Endocrine pathology Diabetes DEFAULTSORT DiabeticNephropathy Category Kidney diseases Category Vascular ... after onset after about 5 years in type 1 diabetes. Clinical nephropathy secondary to glomerular disease ... the age of 30 years. It is the leading cause of premature death in young diabetic patients. between ..., once nephropathy develops, the greatest rate of progression is seen in patients with poor control ... more details
distinguish Neuropathy Refimprove date April 2008 Infobox disease Name Nephropathy Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D007674 Nephropathy means damage to or disease of a kidney . Nephrosis is non inflammatory nephropathy. Nephritis is inflammatory kidney disease. Causes Causes of nephropathy include deposition of the IgA antibodies in the glomerulus , administration of analgesic s, xanthine oxidase deficiency , and long term exposure to lead or its salts. Chronic conditions that can produce nephropathy include systemic lupus erythematosus , diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure hypertension , which lead to diabeticnephropathy and hypertensive nephropathy , respectively. IgA nephropathy main IgA nephropathy IgA nephropathy is the most common glomerulonephritis throughout the world ref cite journal last D Amico first G year 1987 title The commonest glomerulonephritis in the world IgA nephropathy. journal Q J Med volume 64 issue 245 pages 709 727 PMID 3329736 url http qjmed.oxfordjournals.org cgi reprint 64 3 709 ref Primary IgA nephropathy is characterized by deposition of the IgA antibody in the glomerulus. The classic presentation in 40 50 of the cases is episodic frank hematuria which usually starts within a day or two ... the activation of mucosal defenses and hence IgA antibody production. Analgesics main Analgesic nephropathy One cause of nephropathy is the long term usage of analgesics . The pain medicines which can ... s. This form of nephropathy is chronic analgesic nephritis, a chronic inflammatory change characterized ... Another possible cause of nephropathy is due to decreased function of xanthine oxidase in the purine ... , can cause nephropathy. Polycystic Disease of the Kidneys main Polycystic kidney disease Additional possible cause of nephropathy is due to the formation of cysts or pockets containing fluid within ... Diseases Information Service Nephritis IgA nephropathy Protein toxicity Proteinuria Nephrology ... more details
is generally poor for all forms of Diabetic angiopathy, as symptomatology is tied to the advancement ... at all. Diabetic dermopathy is a manifestation of diabetic angiopathy. It is often found on the shinbone ... more details
Phosphate nephropathy consists of damage to the kidney s caused by the formation of phosphate crystals within the renal tubules, damaging the nephron , and can cause acute renal failure . Phosphate nephropaty frequently occurs following the ingestion of oral sodium phosphate laxatives such as C.B. Fleet s Phospho soda and Salix s Visocol taken for bowel preparation bowel cleansing prior to a colonoscopy . The risk of this complication is increased with age, dehydration , or in the presence of hypertension or if the patient is taking an ACE inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker . Other agents used for bowel preparation e.g. magnesium citrate or PEG 3350 & electrolyte based purgatives such as Colyte or Golytely do not carry this risk. According to the Food and Drug Administration United States U.S. Food and Drug Administration FDA , Acute phosphate nephropathy is a form of acute kidney injury that is associated with deposits of calcium phosphate crystals in the renal tubules that may result in permanent renal function impairment. Acute phosphate nephropathy is a rare, serious adverse event that has been associated with the use of OSPs. The occurrence of these events was previously described in an Information for Healthcare Professionals sheet and an FDA Science Paper issued in May 2006. Additional cases of acute phosphate nephropathy have been reported to FDA and described in the literature since these were issued. ref http www.fda.gov Drugs DrugSafety PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders ucm103354.htm ref When a kidney damaged by phosphate nephropathy is biopsied, the pathological findings are typical of nephrocalcinosis diffuse tubular injury with calcium phosphate crystal deposition. References Reflist Acute phosphate nephropathy and renal failure ... . 2005 Apr 20 4 850 1. Acute Phosphate Nephropathy following Oral Sodium Phosphate Bowel Purgative ... . 2005 Nov 1 16 11 . DEFAULTSORT Phosphate Nephropathy Category Kidney diseases med stub ... more details
Infobox disease Name Hypertensive nephropathy ICD10 ICD10 I 12 i 10 ICD9 ICD9 403 Hypertensive nephropathy or hypertensive nephrosclerosis , or Hypertensive renal disease is a medical condition referring to damage to the kidney due to chronic high blood pressure . It should be distinguished from renovascular hypertension I15.0 , which is a form of secondary hypertension . In the kidneys, as a result of benign arterial hypertension , hyaline pink, amorphous, homogeneous material accumulates in the wall of small arteries and arterioles, producing the thickening of their walls and the narrowing of the Lumen anatomy lumina hyaline arteriolosclerosis . Consequent ischemia will produce tubular atrophy , interstitial fibrosis , glomerular alterations smaller glomeruli with different degrees of hyalinization from mild to sclerosis of glomeruli and periglomerular fibrosis. In advanced stages, renal failure will occur. Functional nephrons have dilated tubules, often with hyaline urinary casts casts in the lumens. Additional complications often associated with hypertensive nephropathy include glomerular damage resulting in proteinuria and hematuria. See also Nephropathy External links http www.pathologyatlas.ro hyaline arteriolosclerosis cardiovascular pathology.php Photo at Atlas of Pathology cite journal author Tylicki L, Rutkowski B title Hypertensive nephropathy pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment language Polish journal Pol. Merkur. Lekarski volume 14 issue 80 pages 168 73 year 2003 pmid 12728683 doi cite journal author Luft FC title Hypertensive nephrosclerosis a cause of end stage renal disease? journal Nephrol Dial Transplant. volume 15 issue 10 pages 1515 7 year 2000 month October pmid 11007815 doi 10.1093 ndt 15.10.1515 url http ndt.oxfordjournals.org cgi content full 15 10 1515 Vascular diseases Urologic disease DEFAULTSORT Hypertensive Nephropathy Category Kidney diseases Category Hypertension disease stub de Nephrosklerose es Nefropat a hipertensiva fr N phroangioscl rose ... more details
Infobox disease Name Analgesic nephropathy Image Phenacetin.png Caption Classically caused by mixed analgesics containing phenacetin , analgesic nephropathy was once a common cause of acute kidney injury ... med eMedicineTopic 2839 MeshID Analgesic nephropathy is injury to the kidney caused by analgesic ... with analgesic nephropathy may develop end stage kidney disease . Analgesic nephropathy was once ... accessdate 2008 09 30 year 2008 location Waltham, MA chapter Analgesic nephropathy ref In the 1950s ... nephritis . This condition was dubbed analgesic nephropathy and was attributed to phenacetin, although ... did the prevalence of analgesic nephropathy as a cause of end stage renal disease. Data from Switzerland , for example, demonstrated a decline in the prevalence of analgesic nephropathy among patients ... Brunner FP, Selwood NH title End stage renal failure due to analgesic nephropathy, its changing ... of analgesic nephropathy in the general population has likewise decreased the prevalence was 3 in 1980 and 0.2 in 2000. ref name pmid16891638 While these data demonstrate that analgesic nephropathy ..., the prevalence of analgesic nephropathy among dialysis patients was 17.9 in 1984 and 15.6 in 1990. ref name pmid8177475 cite journal author Elseviers MM, de Broe ME title Analgesic nephropathy ... of analgesic nephropathy a comparative study in France, Sweden and Belgium journal Nephrol. Dial ... nephropathy persists among Belgian dialysis patients not due to non phenacetin analgesics, but because ..., a greater proportion have analgesic nephropathy because a greater percentage of Belgian dialysis ... Michielsen P, de Schepper P title Trends of analgesic nephropathy in two high endemic regions with different ... of analgesic nephropathy. ref name pmid6641031 cite journal author Mihatsch MJ, Hofer HO, Gudat ... nephropathy journal Clin. Nephrol. volume 20 issue 6 pages 285 301 year 1983 month December pmid 6641031 ... FP title Obituary to analgesic nephropathy an autopsy study journal Nephrol. Dial. Transplant ... more details
Diabetic myonecrosis is a rare complication of diabetes . It is caused by infarcted muscle tissue, usually in the thigh. Epidemiology The mean age at presentation is thirty seven years with a reported range of nineteen to sixty four years. The mean age of onset since diagnosis of diabetes is fifteen years. The female male ratio is 1.3 1. Other diabetic complications such as nephropathy , neuropathy , retinopathy and hypertension are usually present. Its major symptom is the acute onset muscle pain, usually in the thigh, in the absence of trauma. Signs include exquisite muscle tenderness and swelling. Investigations and diagnosis Tissue biopsy is the Gold standard test gold standard . Macroscopic ally this reveals pale muscle tissue. Microscopic ally infarcted patches of myocytes . Necrotic muscle fibers are swollen and eosinophilic and lack striations and nuclei. Small vessel walls are thickened and hyaline hyalinized , with luminal narrowing or complete occlusion. Biopsy cultures for bacteria , fungi , acid fast bacilli and stains are negative in simple myonecrosis. Creatine kinase is found to be normal. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate ESR is elevated. Planar X ray reveals soft tissue swelling and bone scan shows non specific uptake. Computed tomography CT shows muscle oedema with preserved tissue planes non contrast enhancing . MRI shows increased signal on T2 weighted images within ... diagnosed with diabetic myonecrosis die within 5 years. http www.metrohealth.org documents patient ... J, Solaz Moreno E, Morata Aldea C, Elorza Montesinos P title Spontaneous diabetic myonecrosis ... Diagnosis A large number of conditions may cause symptoms and signs similar to diabetic myonecrosis ... , calcific myonecrosis, myositis ossificans, diabetic myotrophy , muscle strain or rupture ... and sarcoma . References cite journal author Wintz R, Pimstone K, Nelson S title Detection of diabetic ... web author Subbiah V, Raina R, Kaelber D, Chung Park M, Halle D, Mansour D & Perzy H title Diabetic ... more details
Complement factor H related protein 5 CFHR5 nephropathy also known as Troodos nephropathy is a form of inherited kidney disease which is endemic in Cyprus and is caused by a mutation in the gene CFHR5 ref name CFHR5N Cite journal last Gale first DP authorlink coauthors title Identification of a mutation in complement factor H related protein 5 in patients of Cypriot origin with glomerulonephritis journal Lancet first5 Andreas volume Online first issue 26 August 2010 pages 794 801 publisher location year 2010 url http www.thelancet.com journals lancet article PIIS0140 6736 10 60670 8 fulltext doi 10.1016 S0140 6736 10 60670 8 id accessdate 26 August 2010 pmid 20800271 last2 Goicoechea de Jorge first2 E et al pmc 2935536 last3 Cook first3 H Terence last4 Martinez Barricarte first4 Rub n last5 Hadjisavvas last6 McLean first6 Adam G last7 Pusey first7 Charles D last8 Pierides first8 Alkis last9 Kyriacou first9 Kyriacos ref . It is thought to affect up to 1 6000 Cypriots but has not been reported in anybody who is not of Cypriot descent. Clinical features CFHR5 nephropathy usually presents with microscopic amounts of blood in the urine, detectable on a routine urine dipstick test. Sometimes the disease is associated with visible blood in the urine, usually at the time of respiratory or other infections and this is thought to result from stimulation of the immune system leading to damage in the kidneys. Biopsy findings A kidney biopsy in patients with CFHR5 nephropathy classically shows deposition of complement component 3 complement C3 in the kidney, without any detectable immunoglobulins ... . CFHR5 Nephropathy is histologically distinguished from membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis dense ... 10.1111 j.1600 6143.2010.03333.x abstract , Recurrence of Complement Factor H related protein 5 nephropathy ... 11, pp152 155. ref . Treatment There is no proven therapy for the CFHR5 nephropathy, although research ... September 2010 DEFAULTSORT Cfhr5 Nephropathy Category Kidney diseases ... more details
Infobox disease Name IgA nephropathy ICD10 ICD9 ICD9 583.9 ICDO Image Immunglobulin A as Dimer.png Caption ... DiseasesDB 1353 MeshID D005922 IgA nephropathy also known as IgA nephritis , IgAN , Berger s disease ... , an unrelated condition. IgA nephropathy is the most common glomerulonephritis throughout the world ... IgA nephropathy. journal Q J Med volume 64 issue 245 pages 709 727 PMID 3329736 url http qjmed.oxfordjournals.org cgi reprint 64 3 709 ref Primary IgA nephropathy is characterized by deposition of the IgA ... of IgA nephropathy. HSP presents with a characteristic purpuric skin rash , arthritis , and abdominal ... prognosis than IgA nephropathy. In IgA nephropathy there is a slow progression to chronic renal ... with IgA nephropathy such as liver failure , celiac disease , rheumatoid arthritis , Reiter s disease , ankylosing spondylitis and HIV . Diagnosis of IgA Nephropathy and a search for any associated ... can raise the suspicion of IgA nephropathy. A kidney needle aspiration biopsy biopsy is necessary ... in 50 of all patients. Morphology Histologically, IgA nephropathy may show mesangial widening and focal ... of IgA1 occurs in patients with IgA nephropathy in response only to gut antigen exposures not systemic ... and systemic antigens in IgA nephropathy. journal J Am Soc Nephro volume 17 issue 12 pages 3520 3528 ... abnormal mucosal antigen handling and not the ultimate cause of IgA nephropathy. From the fact ... an immune pathology rather than direct interference by outside agents. Natural history Since IgA nephropathy ... and improve the prognosis of that particular series. Nevertheless, IgA nephropathy, which was initially ... most reports describe IgA nephropathy as having an indolent evolution towards either healing or renal ... additional caveats that have to be considered while treating IgA nephropathy. IgA nephropathy ... factors and the risk of progression. Also, IgA nephropathy recurs in Organ transplant transplant ... evidence regarding the heterogeneity of IgA nephropathy patients, the diversity of study treatment ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Reflux nephropathy Image Caption DiseasesDB 11209 ICD10 ICD9 ICD9 593.73 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus 000459 eMedicineSubj radio eMedicineTopic 597 MeshID Reflux nephropathy , RN is a term applied when small and scarred kidneys chronic pyelonephritis , CPN are associated with vesico ureteric reflux VUR . CPN being the most common cause, there are other causes including analgesic nephropathy and obstructive injury. Scarring is essential in developing RN and occurs almost during the first five years of life. The end results of RN are hypertension , proteinuria , CRF and eventually ESRD, Chronic kidney disease end stage renal disease . The term was introduced in 1973. ref name pmid9848795 cite journal author Dillon MJ, Goonasekera CD title Reflux nephropathy journal J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. volume 9 issue 12 pages 2377 83 year 1998 month December pmid 9848795 doi url http jasn.asnjournals.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 9848795 ref ref name pmid4783715 cite journal author Bailey RR title The relationship of vesico ureteric reflux to urinary tract infection and chronic pyelonephritis reflux nephropathy journal Clin. Nephrol. volume 1 issue 3 pages 132 41 year 1973 pmid 4783715 doi url ref Diagnosis It is diagnosed by micturating cystography , scarring can of course be demonstrated by ultrasound or DMSA . Incidence prevalence There is a genetic predisposition, first degree relatives have a great increase in the chance of VUR. The gene frequency is estimated to be 1 600. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children from 2 to 24 months presenting with a UTI should be investigated for VUR. Citation needed date April 2010 Treatment The aim of treatment is to reduce renal scarring. Those children with grade II or worse should receive low dose prophylactic antibiotic s Nitrofurantoin , trimethoprim , cotrimoxazole , cefalexin in those with CRF . Hypertension should be managed with ACE inhibitor or Angiotensin receptor blocker ARBs . Other treatment modalities ... more details
medref date November 2011 Infobox disease Name Diabetic neuropathy Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 E10.4 ... MeshID D003929 Diabetic neuropathies are neuropathy neuropathic disorders that are associated with diabetes mellitus . These conditions are thought to result from diabetic microvascular disease microvascular ... conditions that can culminate in diabetic neuropathy. Relatively common conditions which may be associated with diabetic neuropathy include Oculomotor nerve palsy third nerve palsy mononeuropathy mononeuropathy multiplex diabetic amyotrophy a pain ful polyneuropathy autonomic neuropathy and thoracoabdominal neuropathy. Signs and symptoms Unreferenced section date November 2011 Diabetic ... factors thought to be involved in the development of diabetic neuropathy Microvascular disease main ... medical hypoxia . Neuronal ischemia is a well established characteristic of diabetic neuropathy. Vasodilator ... observed in diabetic neuropathy. Advanced glycated end products main Advanced glycation end product ... been implicated in the pathology of diabetic neuropathy and other long term complications of diabetes. Protein kinase C main Protein kinase C PKC is implicated in the pathology of diabetic neuropathy ... pathway, the polyol pathway may be implicated in diabetic complications that result in microvascular ... dysfunction in diabetics is orthostatic hypotension , or fainting when standing up. In the case of diabetic ... when an oral diabetic agent is taken before a meal and does not get absorbed until hours ... are frequent. Urinary retention can lead to bladder diverticula , stones, reflux nephropathy ... the pupil and open the eyelid. The onset of a diabetic third nerve palsy is usually abrupt, beginning ..., such as carpal tunnel syndrome . Diagnosis Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the most likely ... in diagnosing diabetic peripheral neuropathy. ref name Kanji10 cite journal author Kanji ... correlate with the severity of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and are not appropriate as routine ... more details
orphan date March 2012 Malarial nephropathy is renal failure attributed to malaria l infection. Among various complications due to infection, renal related disorders are often the most life threatening. ref name Barsoum Barsoum, Rashad S. Malarial Acute Renal Failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 11 2000 2147 2154. ref Including malaria induced renal lesions, infection may lead to both Interstitial nephritis tubulointerstitial damage and glomerulonephritis . ref name Das Das, B.S. Renal failure in malaria. J Vector Borne Dis. 45 2008 83 97. ref In addition, malarial acute renal failure has emerged as a serious problem due to its high mortality rate in non immune adult patients. ref name Das ref name Manan Manan, Junejo Abdul, Hassan Ali, and Manohar Lal. Acute Renal Failure Associated with Malaria. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 4 2006 47 52. ref Suffering areas Malarial nephropathies are reported in endemic areas, such as Southeast Asia, India, and Sub Saharan Africa. ref name Barsoum ref name Das ref name Manan The pathogenesis of acute renal failure in severe malaria is unspecific and multifactorial it affects fewer than 4.8 percent of cases, but reports a high risk of mortality 15 to 45 percent . ref name Barsoum ref name Das ref name Manan Histologic evidence shows a large combination of pathogenic mechanisms at play acute tubular necrosis , interstitial nephritis and glomerulonephritis . ref name Barsoum Risk factors for malarial acute renal failure include delayed diagnosis, high parasitemia , and clinical presentation of oliguria , low blood pressure, severe anemia , and jaundice . In addition, patients already suffering from diarrhea, hepatitis, or respiratory distress have a worse prognosis. ref name Barsoum ref name Das ref name Manan Symptoms and effects Due to the complex malarial syndrome, there are many pathogenic interactions leading to acute renal failure, such as hypovolemia , intravascular hemolysis and disseminated intravascular coagulation . ref name Barsoum ref ... more details
refimprove date November 2010 A diabetic sock is a non binding sock which is designed for those who need or want a sock that does not constrict the foot or leg. Typically sufferers of diabetes are the most common audience for this type of sock. Diabetes raises the blood sugar level, which can increase the risk of diabetic foot ulcer foot ulcer s. Diabetic socks are made to be unrestrictive of circulation. They also control moisture, which can reduce the risk of infection. Another beneficial feature of diabetic socks is seamless toe closures to reduce pressure and blistering. Choosing a diabetic sock The term diabetic sock is a marketing term. Socks appropriate for diabetic wear may be found in virtually any sockwear display, often at less cost than labelled diabetic socks. Various sock constructions are available, including cotton blend with stretch tops, non cotton with antimicrobial properties, compression type, and plain non binding to allow circulation to flow more freely. Extra wide socks are available for excessive edema. Diabetic socks may appear like regular socks, and are available in both low cut and mid calf styles. Although various colors are available, white may be preferable for people with open wounds or sores, as this could alert wearers with compromised sensation to a draining wound. The diabetic socks should fit well, without constricting cuffs, lumps, or uncomfortable seams. The advice of a podiatrist may be helpful in choosing a diabetic sock. ref http spectrum.diabetesjournals.org cgi content full 14 2 59 Sockwear Recommendations for People With Diabetes Feldman and Davis 14 2 59 Diabetes Spectrum Bot generated title ref References reflist See also Compression stockings , which provide the opposite features Diabetic foot Diabetic shoe Category Diabetes related supplies and medical equipment Category Socks clothing stub ... more details
Diabetic shoes , sometimes referred to as extra depth or therapeutic shoes, are specially designed shoe s, or shoe insert s, intended to reduce the risk of skin breakdown in Diabetes mellitus diabetics with co existing foot disease. People with diabetic neuropathy in their feet may have a false sense of security as to how much at risk their feet actually are. ref http www.diabetes.org living with diabetes complications foot complications.html Foot Complications , from the American Diabetes Association first published no later than November 4, 2009 as per archive.org retrieved September 6, 2011. ref An Skin ulcer ulcer under the foot can develop in a couple of hours. The primary goal of therapeutic footwear is to prevent complications, which can include strain, ulcers, callus es, or even amputation s for patients with diabetes and poor circulation. ref http www.epodiatry.com diabetic foot.htm Diabetic Foot Care at ePodiatry published 2003 retrieved September 6 2011. ref In addition to meeting strict guidelines, diabetic shoes must be prescribed by a physician and fit by a qualified individual, such as a certified pedorthist . The shoes must also be equipped with a removable Orthotics orthotic . Foot orthotics are devices such as shoe inserts, arch supports, or shoe fillers such as lifts, wedges and heels. The diabetic shoes and custom molded inserts work together as a preventative system to help diabetics avoid foot injuries and improve mobility. References Reflist Category Diabetes related supplies and medical equipment Category Shoes Category Uses of shoes ... more details
Diabetic dermadromes constitute a group of cutaneous conditions commonly seen in diabetes diabetic patients with longstanding disease. ref name Andrews cite book author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 540 Conditions included in this group are ref name Andrews rp 539 541 ref name Bolognia cite book author Rapini, Ronald P. Bolognia, Jean L. Jorizzo, Joseph L. title Dermatology 2 Volume Set publisher Mosby location St. Louis year 2007 pages isbn 1 4160 2999 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 681 Acral dry gangrene Carotenosis Diabetic dermopathy Diabetic bulla Diabetic cheiroarthropathy Mal perforans Necrobiosis lipoidica Limited joint mobility is observed in roughly 30 of diabetes diabetic patients with longstanding disease. ref name Andrews rp 540 Waxy skin is observed in roughly 50 . ref name Andrews rp 540 See also List of cutaneous conditions References reflist Cutaneous condition stub Diabetes Category Skin conditions resulting from errors in metabolism ... more details
Diabetic dermopathy also known as shin spots is a type of skin lesion seen in people with diabetes mellitus . It is characterized by dull red papule s that progress to well circumscribed, small, round, atrophic hyperpigmented skin lesion s on the shins. It is the most common ref name Andrews cite book author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin Clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 540 ref name Bolognia cite book author Rapini, Ronald P. Bolognia, Jean L. Jorizzo, Joseph L. title Dermatology 2 Volume Set publisher Mosby location St. Louis year 2007 pages isbn 1 4160 2999 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 681 of several diabetic dermadromes diabetic skin conditions . See also Eruptive xanthoma List of cutaneous conditions References reflist Cutaneous condition stub Diabetes Category Skin conditions resulting from errors in metabolism ... more details
Diabetic cheiroarthropathy is a cutaneous condition characterized by thickened skin and limited joint mobility of the hands and fingers, leading to flexion contractures, a condition associated with diabetes mellitus . ref name Bolognia cite book author Rapini, Ronald P. Bolognia, Jean L. Jorizzo, Joseph L. title Dermatology 2 Volume Set publisher Mosby location St. Louis year 2007 pages isbn 1 4160 2999 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 681 and it is observed in roughly 30 of diabetes diabetic patients with longstanding disease. ref name Andrews cite book author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 540 ref http www.medicinetoday.com.au public journals 1 c0701Diabetic 20cheiroarthropathy.jpg ref Diabetic dermadromes Necrobiosis lipoidica List of cutaneous conditions References reflist Cutaneous condition stub Diabetes Category Skin conditions resulting from errors in metabolism pl Cheiroartropatia cukrzycowa ... more details
A diabetic foot is a foot that exhibits any pathology that results directly from diabetes mellitus or any long term or chronic complication of diabetes mellitus . ref http www.esdf.me ENsite pdfReader.aspx?PDFN 1968098535.pdf http www.mansdf.edu.eg Videos presentations DF overview.pdf Boulton in Diabetes, 30 36 2002 ref Presence of several characteristic diabetic foot pathologies is called diabetic foot syndrome . These are thus umbrella term s. The most serious foot complications in diabetes are ref cite journal author Frykberg RG, Armstrong DG, Giurini J, et al. title Diabetic foot disorders a clinical practice guideline. American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons journal J Foot Ankle Surg volume 39 issue 5 Suppl pages S1 60 year 2000 pmid 11280471 doi url http ukpmc.ac.uk abstract MED 11280471 reload 0 jsessionid C38C571D5D1CB95F188AC5E80A9D6B05.jvm1 ref Diabetic foot ulceration . It occurs in 15 of all patients with diabetes and precedes 84 of all diabetes related lower leg amputations . ref name Harold cite journal author Brem Harold, Tomic Canic Marjana year 2007 title Cellular and Molecular basis of wound healing in diabetes url journal JCI volume 117 issue 5 pages 1219 1222 pmid 17476353 doi 10.1172 JCI32169 pmc 1857239 ref Diabetic foot infection s Neuropathic osteoarthropathy of the foot Prevention Of all methods proposed to prevent diabetic foot ulcers, only foot temperature guided avoidance therapy was found beneficial in RCTs according to a meta analysis . ref name pmid21447666 cite journal author Arad Y, Fonseca V, Peters A, Vinik A title Beyond the Monofilament for the Insensate Diabetic Foot A systematic review of randomized trials to prevent the occurrence of plantar foot ulcers in patients with diabetes journal Diabetes Care year 2011 volume 34 issue 4 pages 1041 6 pmid 21447666 doi 10.2337 dc10 1666 pmc 3064020 url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov entrez eutils elink.fcgi?dbfrom pubmed&tool sumsearch.org cite&retmode ref&cmd prlinks&id 21447666 ref References ... more details
Infobox disease Name Image Fundus photo showing scatter laser surgery for diabetic retinopathy EDA09.JPG Caption Image of Fundus eye fundus showing scatter Laser scalpel laser surgery for diabetic retinopathy ... Diabetic retinopathy is retinopathy damage to the retina caused by complications of diabetes , which ... Tapp RJ title The prevalence of and factors associated with diabetic retinopathy in the Australian population ... his or her chances of developing diabetic retinopathy. ref cite web url http www.netdoctor.co.uk diseases facts diabeticretinopathy.htm title diabetic retinopathy accessdate August 2, 2011 author ... thumb Normal vision Image Human eyesight two children and ball with diabetic retinopathy.jpg thumb The same view with diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy often has no early warning signs ... the day. As new blood vessels form at the back of the eye as a part of proliferative diabetic retinopathy ... vision while near vision remains adequate. Citation needed date April 2010 Pathogenesis Diabetic retinopathy ... more permeable. ref Cite journal title Understanding diabetic retinopathy author Pardianto G journal ... of PKC and SHP 1 by hyperglycemia causes vascular cell apoptosis and diabetic retinopathy ... diabetic retinopathy NPDR , most people do not notice any change in their vision. anchor simplex ... Bek. Hammes H P, Porta M eds Experimental Approaches to Diabetic Retinopathy. Front Diabetes. Basel ... us see detail. The fluid makes the macula swell, which blurs vision. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy PDR or PDRP target from PDR As the disease progresses, severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy ... chamber of the eye and cause neovascular glaucoma . Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy shows ... so, the advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy PDR can remain asymptomatic for a very long ... problem. Between 40 to 45 percent of Americans diagnosed with diabetes have some stage of diabetic ... Library of Medicine work Diabetic Retinopathy url http nihseniorhealth.gov diabeticretinopathy ... more details
Infobox disease Name Diabetic coma ICD10 E10.0, E11.0, E12.0, E13.0, E14.0 ICD9 ICD9 250.2 , ICD9 250.3 MeshID D003926 Diabetic coma is a reversible form of coma ref name IrwinRippe2008 cite book author1 Richard S. Irwin author2 James M. Rippe title Irwin and Rippe s intensive care medicine url http books.google.com books?id ooH1nH81 h4C&pg PA1256 accessdate 20 November 2010 year 2008 publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins isbn 978 0 7817 9153 3 pages 1256 ref found in people with diabetes mellitus . It is a medical emergency . Three different types of diabetic coma are identified Severe diabetic hypoglycemia Diabetic ketoacidosis advanced enough to result in unconsciousness from a combination .... In most medical contexts, the term diabetic coma refers to the diagnostical dilemma posed when ... patient wearing a medical identification tag saying DIABETIC. Paramedic s may be called to rescue an unconscious person by friends who identify him as diabetic. Brief descriptions of the three ... to 15 percent of diabetics will suffer from at least one episode of diabetic coma in their lifetimes ... who must take insulin in full replacement doses are most vulnerable to episodes of diabetic hypoglycemia ... the blood glucose with intravenous glucose or injected glucagon . Advanced diabetic ketoacidosis Diabetic ketoacidosis DKA , if it progresses and worsens without treatment, can eventually cause unconsciousness ... Diabetic coma was a more significant diagnostic problem before the late 1970s, when glucose ..., most episodes of diabetic hypoglycemia, DKA, and extreme hyperosmolarity do not reach unconsciousness ... cause Ketoacidotic diabetic coma intravenous fluids , insulin and administration of potassium and sodium . Hyperosmolar diabetic coma plenty of intravenous fluids, insulin, potassium and sodium given as soon as possible. Hypoglycaemic diabetic coma administration of the hormone glucagon to reverse ... Diabetes DEFAULTSORT Diabetic Coma Category Medical emergencies Category Diabetes ar ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 E10 E14 ILDS E1i.605 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID A diabetic bulla also known as Bullosis diabeticorum ref name pmid12180894 cite journal author Aye M, Masson EA title Dermatological care of the diabetic foot journal Am J Clin Dermatol volume 3 issue 7 pages 463 74 year 2002 pmid 12180894 doi 10.2165 00128071 200203070 00003 url ref and Bullous eruption of diabetes mellitus is a cutaneous condition characterized by a noninflammatory, spontaneous, painless blister , often in acral locations peripheral body parts, such as feet, toes, hands, fingers, ears or nose , seen in diabetic patients. ref name Andrews cite book author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 540 ref name Bolognia cite book author Rapini, Ronald P. Bolognia, Jean L. Jorizzo, Joseph L. title Dermatology 2 Volume Set publisher Mosby location St. Louis year 2007 pages isbn 1 4160 2999 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 681 ref name Bolognia cite book author Rapini, Ronald P. Bolognia, Jean L. Jorizzo, Joseph L. title Dermatology 2 Volume Set publisher Mosby location St. Louis year 2007 pages 467 8 isbn 1 4160 2999 0 oclc doi accessdate ref See also Diabetic dermadromes Skin lesion List of cutaneous conditions References reflist Cutaneous condition stub Diabetes Category Skin conditions resulting from errors in metabolism ... more details
Synthesis date March 2011 Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a disorder of the myocardium heart muscle in people ... from coronary artery disease , and diabetic cardiomyopathy is only said to exist if there is no coronary ... Avogaro A, Vigili de Kreutzenberg S, Negut C, Tiengo A, Scognamiglio R title Diabetic cardiomyopathy .... Also, the diabetic patient may show subtle signs of DCM related to decreased left ventricular Compliance .... title Atrial natriuretic factor in hypertensive and normotensive diabetic patients journal Diabetes ... ref when the hypertrophy and fibrosis become very pronounced. Pathophysiology Diabetic cardiomyopathy ... Fonarow GC, Srikanthan P title Diabetic cardiomyopathy journal Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. volume ... journal author Severson DL title Diabetic cardiomyopathy recent evidence from mouse models of type ... between myocardial perfusion and dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy a study of quantitative contrast ..., compared to only 21 of non diabetic heart failure patients. ref name pmid4263660 cite journal author ... associated with diabetic glomerulosclerosis journal Am. J. Cardiol. volume 30 issue 6 pages 595 602 ... below all explain part of the diabetic complications. First, it has been widely reported since the 1960s ... in diabetic cataract journal FASEB J. volume 13 issue 1 pages 23 30 year 1999 month January pmid 9872926 ... and the development of diabetic complications journal Diabetes volume 47 issue 6 pages 859 66 year 1998 ... products in the serum and can be used as a marker for diabetic microangiopathy. ref name pmid11194933 ... glycation endproducts are associated with the development of atherosclerosis as well as diabetic ... alteration noticed in diabetic hearts were metabolic derangements. Indeed, even in the 1950s, it was recognized that cardiac myocyte from a diabetic patient had an abnormal, energy inefficient ... translocation in cardiac tissue of STZ diabetic rats journal Molecular and cellular biochemistry ... utilization of the myocardium, diabetic hearts not only show a decrease in glucose utilization ... more details
Infobox disease Image Glucose test.JPG Name Diabetic hypoglycemia ICD10 ICD9 ICD9 250.8 Diabetic hypoglycemia is a hypoglycemia low blood glucose level occurring in a person with diabetes mellitus . It is one of the most common types of hypoglycemia seen in emergency department s and hospital s. According to the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System All Injury Program NEISS AIP , and based on a sample examined between 2004 and 2005, an estimated 55,819 cases 8.0 of total admissions involved insulin, and severe hypoglycemia is likely the single most common event. ref cite journal author Budnitz DS, Pollock DA, Weidenbach KN, Mendelsohn AB, Schroeder TJ, Annest JL title National surveillance ... need, and therefore causes the glucose to fall to a below normal level. Etiology Diabetic hypoglycemia ..., occurs in people with diabetes treated only with diet, exercise, or Anti diabetic medication .... Diabetic hypoglycemia can be mild, recognized easily by the patient, and reversed with a small ... of diabetic coma . A common medical definition of severe hypoglycemia is hypoglycemia severe enough ... unawareness. Symptom s of diabetic hypoglycemia, when they occur, are those of hypoglycemia neuroglycopenia ... for diabetic hypoglycemia to result in brain damage or death. Indeed, an estimated 2 4 of deaths ... journal author Laing SP, Swerdlow AJ, Slater SD, et al. title The British Diabetic Association Cohort ...&spage 466 ref In North America a mild episode of diabetic hypoglycemia is sometimes termed a low or an insulin ... caused by insulin excess including all types of diabetic hypoglycemia . It comes in a glucagon ... in their diabetic owners, and such reports do occasionally surface in the popular media. In 2008 ... also Diabetic coma Glucagon Glucagon rescue Hypoglycemia Diabetic hypoglycemia journal Chronic Somogyi ... this section is reserved for official or authoritative resources http www.hypodiab.com Diabetic Hypoglycemia ... that may affect blood glucose levels Navigational template Diabetes DEFAULTSORT Diabetic Hypoglycemia ... more details
Infobox disease Name Diabetic ketoacidosis Image Infuuszakjes.jpg Width 150 Caption Dehydration may be profound in diabetic ketoacidosis, and Intravenous therapy IV fluids intravenous fluids are usually ... med eMedicineTopic 548 MeshID D016883 Diabetic ketoacidosis DKA is a potentially life threatening ... treatment. ref name JBDS Signs and symptoms The symptoms of an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis ... Overview of the diagnosis and management of diabetic ketoacidosis journal American Journal of Medical ... Diabetes Societies Inpatient Care Group title The Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Adults ... of cerebral edema complicating diabetic ketoacidosis in children journal Pediatric Endocrinology ... diabetic ketoacidosis Is treatment a factor? journal Emergency Medical Journal volume 21 issue ... to be diabetic. There is often a particular underlying problem that has led to the DKA episode this may ... obesity weight gain . ref name Powers2005 Diabetic ketoacidosis may occur in those previously known ... ref Mechanism Diabetic ketoacidosis arises because of a lack of insulin in the body. The lack ... ketone body in diabetic ketoacidosis. DKA is common in type 1 diabetes as this form of diabetes ... for Paediatric Endocrinology Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society consensus statement on diabetic ... name ESPE ref name Brown2004 Diagnosis Investigations Diabetic ketoacidosis may be diagnosed when ... such as stroke . ref name Brown2004 Criteria Diabetic ketoacidosis is distinguished from other diabetic ... name ADA2009 ref name JBDS Management The main aims in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis are replacing ... Epidemiology Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs in 4.6 8.0 per 1000 people with type 1 diabetes annually ... 186.full ref History The first full description of diabetic ketoacidosis is attributed to Julius Dreschfeld ... determination. ref cite journal author Dreschfeld J title The Bradshawe Lecture on Diabetic Coma ... FB title Thirty years of personal experience in hyperglycemic crises diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic ... more details
, John Rollo argued that calorie restriction in the diabetic diet could reduce glycosuria in diabetes. However, more modern history of the diabetic diet may begin with Frederick Madison Allen , who ... Peterson, Amy Rachel Karen Hanson Chalmers title 16 Myths of a Diabetic Diet publisher American ..., Ward K title Beneficial effects of a high carbohydrate, high fiber diet on hyperglycemic diabetic men ... rise than the same amount of carbohydrate consumed alone. What has not generally been included in diabetic ... carbohydrates. As a previously diagnosed diabetic who no longer has symptoms of the disease, Kurzweil ... that are specially made for people with diabetes, on the grounds that ref Cite web title Diabetic foods Joint statement on diabetic foods from the Food Standards Agency and Diabetes UK work Positional statements url http www.diabetes.org.uk About us Our Views Position statements Diabetic foods month ... http www.diabetes.org.uk About us Our Views Position statements Diabetic foods Bot retrieved ... 2 diabetic patients journal Diabetic Medicine volume 18 issue 12 pages 1010 year 2001 pmid 11903406 ... M, Wutong W title Anti diabetic effect of an alpha glucan from fruit body of maitake Grifola frondosa ..., Aoki H, Nanba H title Anti diabetic activity present in the fruit body of Grifola frondosa Maitake ... Submerged culture mycelium and broth of Grifola frondosa improve glycemic responses in diabetic rats ... of experimental diabetic rats journal Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology volume ... exo polymers in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats journal Phytotherapy Research volume 21 issue ... diabetic activity of beta glucans and their enzymatically hydrolyzed oligosaccharides from Agaricus ... KC, Lin SC title The anti hyperglycemic activity of the fruiting body of Cordyceps in diabetic rats ... dependent diabetic patients volume 48 issue 6 pages 1413 7 journal The American journal of clinical ... management Diabetic diet low carb Glycemic index Glycemic efficacy Low GI Diet Low carbohydrate ... more details
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