The Vratsa dialect is a Bulgarian language Bulgarian dialect, member of the Southwestern Bulgarian dialects , which is spoken in the region of Vratsa in northwestern Bulgaria. The Vratsa dialect borders on the transitional Belogradchik dialect to the west, the Northwestern Bulgarian dialects Northwestern Byala Slatina Pleven dialect to the north and east, the Botevgrad dialect to the southeast and the Sofia dialect to the south. Phonological and morphological characteristics Vowel a for Old Church Slavonic Unicode yus , and vs. formal Bulgarian man , vs. formal Bulgarian sleep Plural dative personal pronoun unicode ref The symbol unicode indicates palatalization. ref vs. formal Bulgarian them unicode Give them For other phonological and morphological characteristics typical for all Southwestern dialects, cf. Southwestern Bulgarian dialects . Sources , , . . . , 2006 http www.promacedonia.org jchorb st st 2 b zap 2.htm vrachanski References references Bulgarian dialects Category Dialects of the Bulgarian language bg ... more details
disputed date April 2011 Infobox language name Zhanjiang dialect nativename states China region Mainly in Zhanjiang, southwestern Guangdong province. speakers familycolor Sino Tibetan fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Min Chinese Min or Yue Chinese Yue fam4 Min Nan or Wuhua Yue fam5 Leizhou Min map ChinaGuangdongZhanjiang.png mapcaption color box c8ab37 Zhanjiang dialect The Zhanjiang dialect is a dialect mostly spoken in Zhanjiang in Guangdong , China . It is a sub dialect of Min Nan Chinese , and sometimes a sub dialect of Leizhou Min . ref http www.glossika.com en dict dialectdata guangdong zhanjiang.php Zhanjiang Dialect entry in Glossika ref See also List of Chinese dialects Min .E9.96.A9.E8.AA.9E.2F.E9.97.BD.E8.AF.AD List of Chinese dialects Referencing reflist Southern Min Languages Category Guangdong Category Min Nan ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2010 Image Macedonian Slavic dialects.png right thumb 300px The Reka Dialect small brown color small on the map of Dialects of the Macedonian language Macedonian dialects . The Reka dialect lang mk , Rekanski dijalekt is a member of the west and north west subgroup of the western group of Dialects of the Macedonian language dialects of the Macedonian language . The dialect is mainly spoken on the territory of the region Reka in north western Macedonia country Macedonia . The Reka dialect is very close with the Gali nik dialect Gali nik and the Debar dialect Debar dialects. This dialect contains a lot of archaic words. Phonological characteristics High usage of the consonant f Low usage of the consonant d replacing it with or d Use of o instead of a Morphological characteristics The end of the verbs from a group are frequently pronounced as verbs from e group Use of the three articles Use of the suffix for third person singular Use of the preposition Notes Reflist Macedonian dialects Category Dialects of the Macedonian language mk ... more details
The Babyak dialect is a Bulgarian language Bulgarian dialect, member of the Rup dialects Rup or Southeastern Bulgarian dialects. It is spoken in several mountainous villages on the western fringes of the Rhodopes and is thus sandwiched between the Chepino dialect on the east and northeast and the Razlog dialect to the south and west. It shares a number of phonological characteristics with both the Rup especially the Rhodopean and the Southwestern Bulgarian dialects Southwestern dialects . Because of its specific reflexes of Old Church Slavonic yat , it is generally classified as a Rup dialect but is actually transitional between the two dialectal groups. Phonological and morphological characteristics Broad e IPA for Old Church Slavonic yat in all positions and regardless of the word stress and the character of the following syllable IPA IPA vs. formal Bulgarian white , IPA IPA vs. formal Bulgarian big . This is a feature the Babyak dialect shares with the Rhodopean dialects, and especially with the Smolyan dialect Smolyan and Hvoyna dialect s Vowel a for Old Church Slavonic big yus Unicode and little yus Unicode as in the neighbouring Samokov dialect Samokov and Ihtiman dialect s to the north and the Dorkovo subdialect of the Rhodopean Chepino dialect to the east vs. Standard Bulgarian tooth , vs. Standard Bulgarian the rain IPA for Old Church Slavonic yus little yus Unicode as in Standard Bulgarian Single masculine definite article o as in the neighbouring Samokov dialect to the north vs. Standard Bulgarian the back . For other phonological and morphological characteristics typical for all Rup or Rhodopean dialects, cf. Rup dialects . Sources , , . . . , 2006 http www.promacedonia.org jchorb st st 2 b izt 3.htm ... Babyak Dialect ... more details
The Brda dialect bri ko nare je , ref Smole, Vera. 1998. Slovenska nare ja. Enciklopedija Slovenije vol. 12, pp. 1 5. Ljubljana Mladinska knjiga, p. 2. ref bri ina ref Rigler, Jakob. 1986. Razprave o slovenskem jeziku . Ljubljana Slovenska matica, p. 175. ref is a Slovene dialects Slovene dialect in the Littoral dialect group , ref name Toporisic Topori i , Jo e. 1992. Enciklopedija slovenskega jezika . Ljubljana Cankarjeva zalo ba, p. 12. ref spoken northwest of Gorizia and Nova Gorica in Slovenia and Italy . Geographical extension The dialect is spoken west of the So a River in the Brda, Slovenia Brda Hills lang sl Brda , extending from north of Anhovo to north of Gorizia . In Slovenia, the dialect is spoken in most of the territory of the Municipality of Brda, Slovenia Brda except for its northwesternmost strip, where the Natisone Valley dialect is spoken and in the westernmost part of the Municipality of Kanal ob So i . In Italy , it is spoken in the northeastern area of the Province of Gorizia , in the municipalities of San Floriano del Collio , and in part of the municipalities of Cormons and Dolegna del Collio . It is also spoken in the western suburbs of the town of Gorizia Podgora, Piuma, Oslavia . Phonological and morphological characteristics The Brda dialect does not have pitch accent , unlike the nearby Natisone Valley dialect Natisone Valley and Torre Valley dialect s. The dialect shows the development of a and e , and nasal e a , and some degree of influence from the Karst dialect . The dialect shows general features associated with Venetian Slovenia n dialects such as soft j and m n . The sequence re is pronounced ere , and the 3rd person plural verbal ending ojo is typical. ref name Toporisic References reflist DEFAULTSORT Brda dialect Category Slovene dialects lang stub ... more details
Infobox language name Chungcheong nativename states South Korea region Hoseo speakers date ref familycolor Altaic fam1 Korean language Korean fam2 Central Korean Central linglist kor chu dia1 Northern dia2 Southern Infobox Korean name hangul hanja rr Chungcheong bangeon mr Chungchong pang n The Chungcheong dialects of Korean Hangul Hanja are spoken in the Chungcheong do Chungcheong Hoseo region of South Korea, including the city of Daejon . Chungcheong dialect can be divided into two categories the Northern Chungcheong dialect, notable for its similarity capital Gyeonggi region speech and the Southern dialect, closer to the Jeolla dialect . Chungcheong dialect is notable for its slow enunciations and unique jargon. It usually replaces the standard at the end of sentences with and uses phrases such as yes instead of the standard or but instead of . Chungcheong people may occasionally pronounce the ending form with . Similar to the Jeolla dialect, Chungcheong dialect often transforms the vowel with instead of , which may be more common in other dialects. However due to the proliferation of Seoul standardization in cities such as Daejon, Chungcheong dialect is difficult to hear outside of the rural regions of the province. Korean dialects DEFAULTSORT Chungcheong Dialect Category Dialects by location Category Languages of South Korea Category Korean language Category Korean dialects Korea stub Language stub ko ja ... more details
The Istrian dialect istrsko nare je , ref Smole, Vera. 1998. Slovenska nare ja. Enciklopedija Slovenije vol. 12, pp. 1 5. Ljubljana Mladinska knjiga, p. 2. ref istr ina ref Rigler, Jakob. 2001. Zbrani spisi Jezikovnozgodovinske in dialektolo ke razprave . Ljubljana Zalo ba ZRC, p. 232. ref is a Slovene dialects Slovene dialect in the Littoral dialect group . It is spoken in Slovenian Istria in most of the rural areas of the municipalities of Koper , Izola and Piran , as well as by the Slovenes living in the Italy Italian municipality of Muggia and San Dorligo della Valle , as well as in the southern suburbs of Trieste Servola , Cattinara . ref name Toporisic Topori i , Jo e. 1992. Enciklopedija slovenskega jezika . Ljubljana Cankarjeva zalo ba, pp. 63, 257, 321. ref Phonological and morphological characteristics The Istrian dialect does not have pitch accent and is non diphthongal. Long a is rounded to , fronted a is common, including as a reflex of e and original , and syllabic l has developed into u . The dialect has soft , soft , , and . The dialect has lost the dual grammatical number dual morphologically. The conditional is made with the auxiliary bin . The dialect has been influenced by Croatian language Croatian as spoken in Buzet and i arija . The dialect is further subdivided into the Ri ana subdialect Ri ana and avrini Hills subdialect s. ref name Toporisic References reflist DEFAULTSORT Istrian dialect Category Slovene dialects lang stub ... more details
Infobox language name Hokkaid dialect familycolor Altaic states Japan region Hokkaid speakers date ref fam1 Japonic languages Japonic fam2 Japanese language Japanese fam3 Eastern Japanese fam4 Kant dialect linglist jpn hok lingua The dialect in Hokkaido , commonly called Hokkaid ben , is due to relatively recent settlement and is similar to that of Kant rather than of T hoku dialect T hoku . In the greater part of Hokkaido, Japanese had settled from all parts of Japan especially Tohoku and Hokuriku regions since the Meiji period, so various Japanese dialects were mixed into an average dialect based on standard Japanese. However, the dialect spoken in coastal areas of the region especially in Oshima Peninsula , commonly called Hama kotoba , is similar to the Tohoku dialect. Because Japanese fishing people had settled there from the northern Tohoku region since the Medieval Period, and the Tohoku dialect planted its roots deeply. Some merchants also came from Kansai and Hokuriku by Kitamaebune , so a few words of Western Japanese were brought there. Ainu language is the language which used to be widely spoken by Ainu people the native people of the region before Japanese settled there, but the influence of Ainu language to Hokkaido dialect is very little. Category Japanese dialects ... more details
distinguish Norn language Refimprove date March 2010 Scots language Orcadian dialect is a dialect of Insular Scots , itself a dialect of the Scots language . It is derived from Lowland Scots with a degree of influence from the Norn language , which is an extinct North Germanic language . Orcadian is spoken in Orkney , north of mainland Scotland . The other Insular Scots dialect is Shetlandic , which shares some features with Orcadian. References The Concise Scots Dictionary See also Bungi creole of the Canadian Metis people of Scottish British descent External links http www.orkneyjar.com orkney dialect index.html Orkneyjar.com Category Orcadian culture Category Scots dialects Orkney stub lang stub ru ... more details
The Irpinian dialect , or Irpino is the dialect spoken in almost all of the comuni in the Province of Avellino in the Italy Italian region of Campania . It is a variant of the Neapolitan language , from which it does however derive. It does however differ from pure neapolitan in certain phrases, pronunciation and the use of definite articles. The dialect however is heavily influenced by its geographical neighbours. For example in the northern area of Avellino, there are some undertones of the accent from Benevento. The dialect spoken in the towns close to the border with Apulia also has a distinct pugliese tone. DEFAULTSORT Irpinian Dialect Category Neapolitan language language stub it Dialetto irpino ... more details
homophonous, where they would have been distinct in other dialects. So T hoku dialect is sometimes referred to as Z z ben . The vowels tend to be neutralized IPA in Northern Tohoku dialect and IPA in Southern Tohoku dialect. In addition, all unvoiced stops become voiced intervocalically ... Tsugaru dialect western Aomori Prefecture , the former Hirosaki Domain Tsugaru Domain Nambu dialect ... dialect northern Iwate Prefecture Morioka dialect centered Morioka, Iwate Morioka city Shimokita dialect Shimokita Peninsula , northeastern Aomori Prefecture Akita dialect Akita Prefecture Sh nai dialect northwestern Yamagata Prefecture , the former Tsuruoka Domain Shonai Domain Hokuetsu dialect or Kaetsu dialect northern Niigata Prefecture Southern Tohoku Sendai dialect Miyagi Prefecture especially Sendai Iwate dialect southern Iwate Prefecture Kesen dialect Kesen District, Iwate Kesen district , southeastern Iwate Prefecture Yamagata dialect Yamagata Prefecture Murayama dialect central Yamagata Prefecture, centered Yamagata, Yamagata Yamagata city Yonezawa dialect or Okitama dialect southern Yamagata Prefecture, centered Yonezawa, Yamagata Yonezawa city Shinj dialect or Mogami dialect northeastern Yamagata Prefecture, centered Shinj , Yamagata Shinj city Fukushima dialect central Fukushima Prefecture Aizu dialect Aizu region in Fukushima Prefecture Category Japanese dialects ... more details
Infobox language name Zigong dialect familycolor Sino Tibetan states China region Zigong , Fushun , Weiyuan and their neighboring areas speakers 3.5 million fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Mandarin Chinese Mandarin fam4 Southwestern Mandarin Southwestern fam5 Sichuanese Mandarin Sichuanese fam6 Renshou Fushun Renshou Fushun dialect map Location of Zigong Prefecture within Sichuan China .png mapcaption Zigong dialect in China notice IPA Zigong dialect simplified Chinese traditional Chinese pinyin Z g ng hu Wade Giles Tzu kung hua is a branch of Southwestern Mandarin Southwestern Mandarin Chinese Mandarin , spoken mainly in Zigong , Fushun County, Sichuan Fushun , Weiyuan County Weiyuan , east Rongxian and some parts of Yibin , Neijiang , Longchang County Longchang and other neighboring areas. Actually, there are at least four Chinese dialects in Zigong City Zigong dialect, Rongxian dialect , Hakka and Minjiang dialect . A majority of people in Zigong speak Zigong dialect. However, most people in Rongxian , a county of Zigong City, speak Rongxian dialect, whose pronunciation is quite different from that of Zigong dialect. Besides, owing to a great number of Hakka immigrants ..., it is undeniable that Minjiang dialect is spoken in a few remote towns or villages bordering to Luzhou , Leshan and Yibin . History Zigong dialect differs from other branches of Sichuanese Mandarin . Modern Zigong dialect was formed rather recently in a great wave of immigration during the Ming ... Sichuan, laying the foundation for a new dialect. Immigrants played a crucial role in the formation of the new Zigong dialect. As is known to many people, Zigong has long been renowned as Salt Capital ... in Zigong dialect dark level tone, light level tone, rising tone and departing tone. The ancient ... dialect. Zigong dialect can clearly differentiate retroflex consonant and alveolo palatal ... dialect. Sichuanese Zh ... more details
Infobox language name Pyongan altname P y ng an nativename Northwestern Korean states North Korea , China region P y ng an , Chagang , Liaoning speakers date ref familycolor Altaic fam1 Korean language Korean fam2 Northwestern linglist kor pyo dia1 dia2 The Pyongan dialect , or Northwestern Korean , is the Korean dialect of the northwestern Korean peninsula and neighboring parts of China. It has influenced the standard language of North Korea , but is not the basis of it, which remains Seoul dialect . Korean dialects Category Korean dialects language stub ... more details
distinguish2 Feyli, a northern Luri dialects Luri dialect Feyli is a dialect of Southern Kurdish , spoken in Iraqi Kurdistan and Iranian Kurdistan i.e. the eastern part of Iraq in the Khanaqin region in the Diyala province near the Iraqi Iranian border , Ilam province and parts of Kermanshah province in Iran by Feyli Kurds . Mahaki is a sub dialect of Feyli. language stub Category Kurdish language ... more details
Infobox language name Guanzhong dialect nativename Xi an dialect pronunciation familycolor Sino Tibetan states China region Guanzhong , Shaanxi speakers fam2 Sinitic languages Sinitic fam3 Chinese languages Chinese fam4 Mandarin language Mandarin fam5 Zhongyuan Mandarin Zhongyuan notice Guanzhong dialect zh c p Gu n zh ng hu , is a dialect of Zhongyuan Mandarin spoken in Shaanxi s Guanzhong region, including the prefecture level city of Xi an . Since people from Xi an are considered the prototypical Guanzhong speakers, Guanzhong dialect is sometimes referred to as Shaanxi hua or Xi an hua . However, the dialects spoken in northern and southern Shaanxi differ substantially from Guanzhong dialect. See also Qinqiang Chinese language Category Mandarin Chinese St lang stub no Guanzhongdialekt zh ... more details
Infobox language name Sanxiang dialect nativename states China region Mainly in Sanxiang , southern Guangdong province. speakers familycolor Sino Tibetan fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Min Chinese Min fam4 Min Nan fam5 Zhongshan Min map Zhongshan map2005.jpg mapcaption color box c8ab37 Sanxiang dialect, at the southern periphery of Zhongshan City The Sanxiang dialect , is a dialect mostly spoken in Sanxiang in Guangdong , China . It is a sub dialect of Min Nan Chinese , more specifically of Zhongshan Min . ref http www.glossika.com en dict phon sanxiang.php Sanxiang Dialect entry in Glossika ref See also List of Chinese dialects Min .E9.96.A9.E8.AA.9E.2F.E9.97.BD.E8.AF.AD List of Chinese dialects Referencing reflist Southern Min Languages Category Guangdong Category Min Nan China stub st lang stub ... more details
Infobox language name Nanlang dialect nativename states China region Mainly in Nanlang , southern Guangdong province. speakers familycolor Sino Tibetan fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Min Chinese Min fam4 Min Nan fam5 Zhongshan Min map Zhongshan map2005.jpg mapcaption color box c8ab37 Nanlang dialect, at the eastern periphery of Zhongshan City. The Nanlang dialect , is a dialect mostly spoken in Nanlang in Guangdong , China . It is a sub dialect of Min Nan Chinese , more specifically of Zhongshan Min . ref http www.glossika.com en dict phon nanlang.php Nanlang Dialect entry in Glossika ref See also List of Chinese dialects Min .E9.96.A9.E8.AA.9E.2F.E9.97.BD.E8.AF.AD List of Chinese dialects Referencing reflist Southern Min Languages Category Guangdong Category Min Nan Category Article Feedback 5 China stub st lang stub ... more details
Dialect levelling refers to the assimilation, mixture and or eradication of certain dialect s, often due to language standardisation . Dialect levelling has been observed in most languages with large amounts of speakers after the industrialisation and modernisation of the area or areas in which they are spoken. Examples include Dialect levelling in Britain , where urbanisation has caused many of the variations of English to disappear in favour of Standard English The decline of the Judaeo Spanish language , most of the speakers of which are increasingly speaking the local Spanish language variety instead. The decrease of speakers of German dialects since the 19th century , mainly due to a lack of interest from younger generations and the Linguistic purism derogatory attitude towards dialect of many German academics and educators. See also Dialect Language death Linguistic discrimination Language shift Lingua franca Linguistic prescription Linguistic purism ling stub Category Linguistics Category Sociolinguistics Category Language varieties and styles Category Linguistic purism Category Linguistic rights Category Linguistic minorities Category Sociological terms ... more details
The Breznik dialect is a Bulgarian language Bulgarian dialect, member of the Transitional Bulgarian dialects Transitional dialects , which is spoken in the region of Graovo in central western Bulgaria. It borders on the Tran dialect to the west and north, the Kyustendil dialect to the south and the Sofia dialect to the northeast and features characteristics typical for the Southwestern Bulgarian dialects . Phonological and morphological characteristics IPA t IPA d for Proto Slavic IPA t IPA d , vs. Standard Bulgarian , lentils, between . Vocalic r and l for Old Bulgarian and instead of the combinations IPA r IPA r and IPA l IPA l in Standard Bulgarian , instead of , tree, tear . However, the reflex of is u before labial consonants as in the Ihtiman dialect and the Samokov dialect vs. formal Bulgarian wool Definite articles , , , as in Standard Bulgarian Vowel e instead of x in the forms of past imperfect tense vs. Standard Bulgarian I was beating For other phonological and morphological characteristics typical for all Transitional dialects, cf. Transitional Bulgarian dialects . Sources , , . . . , 2006 http www.promacedonia.org jchorb st st 2 b zap 3.htm breznishki Bulgarian dialects DEFAULTSORT Breznik Dialect Category Dialects of the Bulgarian language ... more details
Buzet dialect lang hr buzetski dijalekt is a akavian Croatian dialect spoken in the northern Istria , in the area around Buzet . Dialect is transitional to Slovenian language Slovenian and Kajkavian dialects. Some consider him a part of Kajkavian dialect area, and in the past it has been classified by e.g. Fran Ramov as a Slovenian dialect. The primary features that separate Buzet dialect from the rest of the akavian dialects are in the development of the Common Slavic vocalism yat closed e e , opened e just like in most Kajkavian speeches u syllabic l u a Prosodical system diverges from that of other akavian speeches, having lost e.g. the difference between long a short accented vowels. Another unusual feature is the usage of Kajkavian interrogative pronoun kaj what , instead of the usual akavian a . As far as the division of akavian dialects in Southeastern and Northwestern is concerned, Buzet dialect belongs to Northwestern akavian. Buzet dialect has been extensively described in the book Buzetski govori Annales, Kopar 2005 by Nata a Vivoda. References cite book author Dalibor Brozovi title akavsko narje je Jezik srpskohrvatski hrvatskosrpski, hrvatski ili srpski, location Zagreb publisher JLZ Miroslav Krle a year 1988 isbn 953 0 30225 8 language Croatian Chakavian dialects Category Croatian language Category Istria hr Buzetski dijalekt ... more details
The Karst dialect kra ko nare je , ref Smole, Vera. 1998. Slovenska nare ja. Enciklopedija Slovenije vol. 12, pp. 1 5. Ljubljana Mladinska knjiga, p. 2. ref kra ina ref Logar, Tine. 1996. Dialektolo ke in jezikovnozgodovinske razprave . Ljubljana SAZU, p. 66. ref is a Slovene dialects Slovene dialect in the Littoral dialect group . It is spoken in the Kras Karst region east of a line from Kanal ob So i to Gorizia to Prosecco lang sl Prosek , a subdivision of Trieste . It encompasses the settlements of tanjel , Vrtovin , Deskle , Grgar , Lokve, Nova Gorica Lokve , Gorizia , Nova Gorica , Miren , Prva ina , Doberd del Lago , Branik , Duino , Gorjansko , Komen , Aurisina , and Prosecco. ref name Toporisic Topori i , Jo e. 1992. Enciklopedija slovenskega jezika . Ljubljana Cankarjeva zalo ba, p. 89. ref Phonological and morphological characteristics The Karst dialect does not have pitch accent . The dialect s western territory is more conservative, with monophthongs, better preservation of soft consonants, broad reflexes of nasal e and o , and without the development long o u . The rest of the dialect has the diphthongs ie and uo , lenition of g , the third accentual retraction, and an a colored reflex of . The dialect has a short infinitive without i and development of long syllabic l u . ref name Toporisic References reflist DEFAULTSORT Karst dialect Category Slovene dialects lang stub ... more details
The i arija dialect i ko nare je , ref Smole, Vera. 1998. Slovenska nare ja. Enciklopedija Slovenije vol. 12, pp. 1 5. Ljubljana Mladinska knjiga, p. 2. ref i ki dialekt ref name Rigler Rigler, Jakob. 1963. Ju nonotranjski govori . Ljubljana SAZU, pp. 11 12. ref is a Slovene dialects Slovene dialect in the Littoral dialect group . It is spoken in few villages in Slovenian Istria near the Croatia n border in the i arija region in the villages of Skadan ina , Obrov , Podgrad, Ilirska Bistrica Podgrad , and Starod . ref name Smole 2001 Smole, Vera. 2001. Zahodna slovenska nare ja. Enciklopedija Slovenije vol. 15, pp. 35 38. Ljubljana Mladinska knjiga, pp. 35. ref ref Topori i , Jo e. 1994. Fran Ramov kot nare jeslovec . Slavisti na revija 42 2 3 159 170, p. 168. ref By number of speakers, it s one of the smallest Slovene dialects . Phonological and morphological characteristics The i arija dialect is a mixed Slovenian Croatian Chakavian dialect akavian dialect. ref name Smole 2001 It has been influenced by the Inner Carniolan dialect and has linguistic features indicating that it did not develop in the area, but was introduced through new settlement. ref name Rigler References reflist DEFAULTSORT Cicarija dialect Category Slovene dialects lang stub ... more details
. Tsushima dialect Tsushima ben is a Ky sh dialect spoken within the Tsushima Island of Nagasaki Prefecture . Tsushima dialect includes several words unintelligible to speakers from the other parts ... dialect Tsushima dialect Korean derivation Standard Japanese English gloss br yanban br ... more details
Orphan date April 2012 unreferenced date July 2011 The Manningham dialect , a.k.a. the Bradford Asian dialect is a sub dialect of the Yorkshire dialect , spoken and used primarily in Manningham, Bradford Manningham and Frizinghall , with significant users in Shipley, West Yorkshire Shipley and other smaller areas outside Bradford Bradford city . Background Developing primarily from third generation British Pakistanis British Pakistanis in Manningham, roughly around the Year 2000 turn of the millennia , it combines the grammatical and phonological foundation of the Yorkshire dialect, with the heavily aspirated nature of consonants in languages including Punjabi language Punjabi and Urdu language Urdu . In addition, it frequently omits the Article grammar Article as well as Preposition and postposition Prepositions , of which would normally be found in the main Yorkshire dialect. While indeed having been developed within the Pakistani community of Manningham, the Manningham dialect has also spread to the areas of Manningham occupied by the British Bangladeshi Bangladeshi community , such as Manningham Road and Lumb Lane. For such a dialect to develop in villages such as Manningham, Frizinghall, and many parts of Shipley and other outer areas of Bradford, is that the areas in question have been subject to heavy segregation from the Pakistani communities and the Bangladeshi community, in whose separation from the native Yorkshire dialect using English people English community , prevented the cultural and linguistic integrations of the Asian youths of Manningham, which subsequently caused for these youths to draw upon the South Asian English dialects of their relatives for their learning of the English language. See also Yorkshire dialect Yorkshire Dialect References Reflist External links http british asian.blog.co.uk 2011 01 31 the british asian accent 10477920 British Asian accent Category English language in England Category British English Category Yorkshire culture ... more details
The Razlog dialect is a Bulgarian language Bulgarian dialect, member of the Rup dialects Rup or Southeastern Bulgarian dialects. Its range includes the valley of Razlog in southwestern Bulgaria and its immediate neighbours are the Rup Serres Nevrokop dialect to the south, the Babyak dialect to the east, the Samokov dialect Samokov and Ihtiman dialect Ihtiman dialects to the north and the Blagoevgrad Petrich dialect to the west. It shares a number of phonological characteristics with both the Rup especially the Rhodopean and the Southwestern Bulgarian dialects Southwestern dialects . Because of its specific reflexes of Old Bulgarian yat , it is generally classified as a Rup dialect but is actually transitional between the two dialectal groups. Phonological and morphological characteristics Broad e IPA for Old Bulgarian yat in a stressed syllable and ordinary e IPA in an unstressed syllable as in the Rhodopean Chepino dialect IPA IPA vs. formal Bulgarian white but as in Standard Bulgarian children . Broad e IPA for Old Bulgarian in all positions as in the Rhodopean Smolyan dialect Smolyan and Hvoyna dialect IPA vs. formal Bulgarian stink Vowel a for Old Bulgarian big yus Unicode and back yer as in the neighbouring Samokov dialect Samokov and Ihtiman dialect Ihtiman dialects to the north and the Dorkovo subdialect of the Rhodopean Chepino dialect to the east vs. Standard Bulgarian tooth , vs. Standard Bulgarian the rain Schwa IPA for Old Church Slavonic as in most Southwestern Bulgarian dialects Southwestern dialects vs. formal Bulgarian tear Moderate vowel reduction, as in the rest of the Rup ... cf. a similar trait in the Rup Strandzha dialect vs. formal Bulgarian the day , ... and morphological characteristics of the Ralog dialect The first full grammar of Modern Bulgarian ... and morphological characteristics of the Ralog dialect Sources , ... more details
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