Infobox Disease Name Strychnine poisoning Image Strychnine2.svg Caption Strychnine DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 T 65 1 t 51 ICD9 ICD9 989.1 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Strychnine poisoning can be fatal to humans and other animals and can occur by inhalation, swallowing or absorption through eyes or mouth. It produces some of the most dramatic and painful symptoms of any known toxic reaction. For this reason, strychnine poisoning is often portrayed in literature and film. Presentation in humans Ten to twenty minutes after exposure, the body s muscle s begin to spasm, starting with the head and neck in the form of trismus and risus sardonicus . The spasms then spread to every ... antidote for strychnine. Treatment of strychnine poisoning involves an oral application of an Activated ... for strychnine poisoning in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was to administer tannic acid which ... to confirm a diagnosis of poisoning in hospitalized victims or to assist in the forensic investigation ... in animals Strychnine poisoning in animals occurs usually from ingestion of baits designed for use ... ingestion or intentional poisoning. An approximate lethal dose for a dog is 0.75 milligram mg per .... Notable strychnine poisonings Strychnine poisoning in contaminated wine is one of the theories concerning ... , co founder of Stanford University may have died from strychnine poisoning. ref Citation last Cutler ... id 4793 isbn 0804747938 ref A woman in San Diego, California was a victim of strychnine poisoning ... in Woman s Poisoning Death. Los Angeles Times, August 25, 1990. http articles.latimes.com 1990 08 25 local me 818 1 strychnine poisoning ref Fictional strychnine poisonings Mrs. Emily Inglethorp ... in a game to test his luck using strychnine poisoning. In All Things Wise and Wonderful , James Herriot , the main character and local veterinarian, deals with several victims of strychnine poisoning ... Veterinary Manual Strychnine Poisoning Introduction Poisoning and toxicity Category Poisons Category ... more details
Infobox disease Name Arsenic poisoning Image Weltkarte arsenrisikogebiete.gif Caption Arsenic poisoning ... 42 MeshID D020261 Arsenic poisoning is a medical condition caused by elevated levels of the element arsenic . The dominant basis of arsenic poisoning is from ground water that naturally contains high ... are probably affected by arsenic poisoning of drinking water. ref cite journal title A review of the source ... 02 00018 5 ref Signs and symptoms Symptoms of arsenic poisoning begin with headaches, confusion, severe diarrhea, and drowsiness. As the poisoning develops, convulsions and changes in fingernail pigmentation called leukonychia may occur. When the poisoning becomes acute, symptoms may include diarrhea ... of the body that are usually affected by arsenic poisoning are the lungs, skin, kidneys, and liver. The final result of arsenic poisoning is coma to death. citation needed date October 2011 Arsenic ... of groundwater chronic medicine Chronic arsenic poisoning results from drinking contaminated ... impact of arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh Health effects of arsenic in drinking water ... ref It has been found that rice is particularly susceptible to arsenic poisoning. ref cite news title ... to these pigments was a frequent cause of accidental poisoning of artists and craftsmen. One of the biggest unintentional cases of arsenic poisoning via well water consumption is in Bangladesh and called by the World Health Organization as the largest mass poisoning of a population in history ... was common at the time, arsenic poisoning often went undetected. ref Whorton 2011 p.63 ref By the 19th ... farm five days after the poisoning, left a note confessing sole responsibility for the crime. Bondeson ... October 2011 Notable cases Arsenic poisoning, accidental or deliberate, has been implicated in the illness ... poisoning during his imprisonment on the island of Saint Helena . Forensic samples of his hair did ... poisoning by Napoleon s enemies copper arsenite has been used as a pigment in some wallpaper s, and microbiology ... more details
as miticide s and acaricide s. ref name Ullmann health stub References reflist 2 Poisoning and toxicity Category Toxic metal poisoning ... more details
Session poisoning also referred to as Session data pollution and Session modification is a method to Exploiting computer security exploit insufficient input validation within a server application. Typically a server application that is vulnerable to this type of exploit will copy user input into Session computer science session variables. The underlying vulnerability is a state management problem shared state, Race hazard race condition , ambiguity in use or plain unprotected modifications of state values. Session poisoning has been demonstrated in server environments where different, non malicious applications scripts share the same session states but where usage differ, causing ambiguity and race conditions. Session poisoning has been demonstrated in scenarios where attacker is able to introduce malicious scripts into the server environment, which is possible if attacker and victim share a web host. Origins Session poisoning was first discussed as a potentially new vulnerability class in Full disclosure Full disclosure mailinglist . http archives.neohapsis.com archives fulldisclosure 2006 01 0414.html Alla Bezroutchko inquired if Session data pollution vulnerabilities in web applications was a new problem in January 2006. However, this was an old vulnerability previously noted by others this is a classic state management issue http archives.neohapsis.com archives fulldisclosure 2006 01 0459.html Yvan Boily This is not new http archives.neohapsis.com archives fulldisclosure 2006 01 0423.html someone . Earlier examples of these vulnerabilities can be found in major security resources archives such as Bugtraq , e.g. July 2001 http seclists.org lists bugtraq 2001 Jul 0569.html ... TO POISON pre Session poisoning attacks enabled by php.ini register globals on code php.ini register ... administrators are recommended to disable this feature. Note Real world examples of session poisoning .... See also Session fixation Category Web security exploits de Session Poisoning ... more details
Torrent poisoning is the act of intentionally sharing corrupt data or data with misleading file names .... ref name Kong2010b Kong, J. et al 2010 The Evaluation of Index Poisoning in BitTorrent. In D. Wen ... 23 April 2010. New Jersey IEEE. pp. 559 566. ref Index Poisoning This method targets the index found ... to download the file. ref name Kong2010 The index poisoning attack requires less bandwidth and server ... respond to requests. For this reason, index poisoning requires less effort than other methods of attack .... Selective Content Poisoning Selective content poisoning also known as proactive or discriminatory content poisoning attempts to detect pirates while allowing legitimate users to continue to enjoy ... with others without authorization . However, this method of content poisoning forces pirates to discard ... . Retrieved 2011 04 22. ref Selective content poisoning could potentially be used here to limit .... 22 29 June 2007. p. 28 ref Eclipse Attack The eclipse attack also known as routing table poisoning , instead of poisoning the network, targets requesting peers directly. In this attack, the attacker ... Poisoning the Kad Network . In Kant, K. et al eds . Distributed Computing and Networking . Heidelberg ... Poisoning There are several reasons why content providers and copyright holders may not choose torrent poisoning as a method for guarding their content. First, before injecting decoys, content providers ... can be expensive and time consuming. As a result, most poisoning is only continued for the first few ... . Retrieved 2011 03 30. ref Second, it is also unlikely that torrent poisoning can be successful ... is highly resistant to content poisoning as opposed to index poisoning , as it is able to verify individual ... IEEE TC Lou Hwang Aug24 2006.pdf Adaptive Content Poisoning To Prevent Illegal File Distribution ... P2P filesharing methods to poisoning. ref name LouHwang2009 Lou, X. and Hwang, K. 2009 http dx.doi.org ... holders engaging in poisoning activities may be held liable for damages to user s computers. In the USA ... more details
Infobox disease Name Organophosphate poisoning Image Phosphoric acid 2D dimensions.png Caption Phosphoric ... eMedicineTopic 1009888 MeshID Organophosphate poisoning results from exposure to organophosphates ... ACh in the body. Organophosphate poisoning most commonly results from exposure to insecticides or nerve agents. OPs are one of the most common causes of poisoning worldwide, and are frequently ... SN, Samarasinghe C, Kumar A, Valsalan R title A case of organophosphate poisoning presenting with seizure ... O, Ozdemir C title Acute organophosphate poisoning in university hospital emergency room patients ... inhibit AChE, causing OP poisoning by phosphorylating the serine hydroxyl residue on AChE ... of measurements exist to assess exposure and early biological effects for organophosphate poisoning ... L title Diagnostic aspects of organophosphate poisoning journal J Toxicology volume 214 pages ... of OP poisoning. Other procedures used in the diagnosis of OP exposure are the identification and qualitative ... associated with organophosphate poisoning are a result of excess acetylcholine ACh present at different ... Poisoning Review of the Current Literature and Summary of Clinical and Laboratory Experience in Southern ... 107 pages 409 419 year 1999 ref The effects of organophosphate poisoning are recalled using the mnemonic ... ref Neurotoxic effects Neurotoxic effects have also been linked to poisoning with OP pesticides .... If the person survives the first day of poisoning personality changes can occur, aggressive events ... to combat the effects of the acute OP poisoning. Diazepam is sometimes also administered in combination ... for OP poisoning are ineffective for OPIDP. COPIND occurs without cholinergic symptoms and is not dependent ... ref Treatment and Prevention Current antidotes for OP poisoning consist of a pretreatment with carbamates ... AChE. Atropine Antidote for organophosphate poisoning Atropine can be used as an antidote in conjunction ... of poisoning with organophosphorus compounds journal Curr. Med. Chem. volume 16 issue 17 pages ... more details
Infobox disease Name Cadmium poisoning ICD10 ICD10 T 56 3 t 51 ICD9 ICD9 985.5 Cadmium is an extremely toxic metal commonly found in industrial workplaces. Due to its low permissible exposure limit, overexposures may occur even in situations where trace quantities of cadmium are found. Cadmium is used extensively in electroplating, although the nature of the operation does not generally lead to overexposures. Cadmium is also found in some industrial paints and may represent a hazard when sprayed. Operations involving removal of cadmium paints by scraping or blasting may pose a significant hazard. Cadmium is also present in the manufacturing of some types of batteries. Exposures to cadmium are addressed in specific standards for the general industry, shipyard employment, construction industry, and the agricultural industry. ref http www.osha.gov SLTC cadmium index.html ref Sources of exposure In the 1950s and 1960s industrial exposure to cadmium was high, but as the toxic effects of cadmium ... amount of cadmium causes immediate poisoning and damage to the liver and the kidneys. Compounds ... in the joints and the back, and also increases the risk of fractures. In extreme cases of cadmium poisoning ... in proximal renal tubular dysfunction . The kidney damage inflicted by cadmium poisoning is irreversible ... acute poisoning, whereas organ tissue lung, liver, kidney cadmium concentrations may be useful in fatalities resulting from either acute or chronic poisoning. Cadmium concentrations in healthy ... of acute poisoning and may be substantially higher in fatal cases. ref Nordberg GF. Biomarkers ... See also Itai itai disease Notes Reflist References Shannon M. Heavy Metal Poisoning, in Haddad LM, Shannon M, Winchester JF editors Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose, Third Edition ... Inventory Cadmium and compounds http www.canoshweb.org odp html cadmium.htm Poisoning and toxicity DEFAULTSORT Cadmium Poisoning Category Cadmium Category Toxic metal poisoning ar fr ... more details
Image Aquarium NitrogenCycle.svg right thumb 320px right Schematic representation of the flow of Nitrogen through a common aquarium. Ammonia poisoning is a common fish disease in new aquarium s, especially when immediately stocked to full capacity. Ideally, the level of ammonia NH sub 3 sub and ammonium compounds i.e. those containing NH sub 4 sub sup sup should be zero. Although trace amounts are generally harmless, they can still lead to problems over time. Understanding the nitrogen cycle is essential for the keeping of any aquatic life. The amount of ammonia present is usually accompanied by a rise in pH . As ammonia is a base, it is stabilized by alkaline water. It can cause damage to the gills at a level as small as 0.25 mg L. Diagnosis A history of the tank filter changes, power outages, excessive feeding, or the addition of microbicidal or antibiotic agents to aquarium can aid in diagnosis. An ammonia test is the most sure way of diagnosing ammonia poisoning. Symptoms include Purple, red or bleeding gill s Fish may clamp, may appear darker in color Red streaking on the fins or body Fish may gasp for air at the surface of the tank water Torn & jagged fins Fish may appear weak and lay at the bottom of the tank Prevention Image Aquarium Nitrogen Cycle.svg thumb 300px The nitrogen cycle in an aquarium. Ammonia poisoning is impossible to cure, however it can be prevented easily by first cycling the tank see below . Treatments include immediately reducing the ammonia level through many small water changes. Alternatively an ammonia detoxifier can be used, though such chemicals are best used in emergencies only, and do not provide a substitute for adequate tank cycling. Once the ammonia is removed, the fish may recover if the damage is not too extensive. Increasing aeration may be desirable, as the fishes gills are often damaged by the ammonia. This can increase the probability of survival slightly. Also, all other sources of stress should be removed, and the cause ... more details
Infobox disease Name Aspirin poisoning Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 T 39 0 t 36 ICD9 ICD9 965.1 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus 002542 eMedicineSubj emerg eMedicineTopic 514 MeshID Update PMID 20490748, PMID 21716104 date March 2012 Aspirin poisoning or salicylism can be acute or chronic. A single overdose may cause acute poisoning continuous usage of an elevated dosage over long periods of time may cause chronic poisoning. Acute overdose has a mortality rate of 2 . citation needed date May 2011 Chronic overdose is more commonly lethal with a mortality rate of 25 citation needed date May 2011 chronic overdose may be especially severe in children. ref name Pediatrics1982 gaudreault cite journal title The relative severity of acute versus chronic salicylate poisoning in children a clinical comparison journal Pediatrics year 1982 pages 566 9 volume 70 issue 4 pmid 7122154 month October issn 0031 4005 last1 Gaudreault first1 P last2 Temple last3 Lovejoy Fh first2 AR first3 FH ref Symptoms may range from mild nausea and vomiting , abdominal pain, lethargy, tinnitus , and dizziness to severe such as seizure or cerebral edema depending on the dose consumed. Toxicity is managed with a number of potential treatments including activated charcoal , intravenous dextrose and normal saline, sodium bicarbonate , and dialysis. ref cite book title Rosen s emergency medicine concepts and clinical practice ... self poisoning in 177 consecutive patients treated in ICU year 1987 pages 312 6 volume 31 issue 4 ... mg per kg of body mass. ref name Chyka2007 cite journal title Salicylate poisoning an evidence .... The diagnosis of poisoning usually involves measurement of plasma salicylate, the active metabolite ... poisoning with repeated oral charcoal year 1985 pages 1472 volume 291 issue 6507 pmid 3933714 ... 2 Poisoning and toxicity External links Commons Aspirin 1918 flu pandemic DEFAULTSORT Aspirin poisoning Category Aspirin Category Poisoning by drugs, medicaments and biological substances he ... more details
can also lead to side effects and toxicity. Mineral supplement poisoning does occur occasionally ... Death by vitamin poisoning appears to be quite uncommon in the US, typically none in a given year. ref .... ref This may be compared to the 19,250 people who died of unintentional poisoning of all kinds in the U.S. ... poisoning in young children journal Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med volume 159 issue 6 pages 557 60 year ... due to aspirin poisoning in 2003 ref name aapcc cite journal author Watson WA, Litovitz TL, Klein ... name aapcc See also Avitaminosis Orthorexia nervosa References reflist 2 Nutritional pathology Poisoning and toxicity DEFAULTSORT Vitamin Poisoning Category Effects of external causes Category Hypervitaminosis ... more details
Infobox disease Name Cyanide poisoning Image Cyanide ion 3D vdW.png Caption Cyanide ion DiseasesDB 3280 ... MeshID Cyanide poisoning occurs when a living organism is exposed to a compound that produces cyanide ... respiration by inhibiting an enzyme in mitochondria called cytochrome c oxidase . Acute poisoning Cyanide poisoning is a form of histotoxic hypoxia because the cells of an organism are unable to use ... in hospitalized patients or to assist in the forensic investigation of a criminal poisoning. Cyanide ... year 2007 pmid 17180454 doi 10.1007 s11259 006 3361 x ref Treatment of poisoning and antidotes The United ... of the hydroxocobalamin to detoxify cyanide poisoning. This treatment is considered so effective ... based on a false diagnoses of cyanide poisoning. Glucose Evidence from animal experiments suggests ... antidote to cyanide poisoning. 3 Mercaptopyruvate prodrugs Antidotes for the therapeutic management of cyanide poisoning, especially in the U.S., have relied mainly on the enzyme rhodanese ... poisoning journal J Clin Pharmacol volume 32 issue 4 pages 368 75 year 1992 month April pmid 1569239 ... 6 title Antidotes for Poisoning by Cyanide 6. AMYL NITRITE work IPCS CEC Evaluation of Antidotes ... shelf life, potential to cause iron poisoning, and limited applicability effective only in cases of cyanide ingestion, whereas the main modes of poisoning are inhalation and skin contact . The HSE ... at the workplace may mislead doctors into treating a patient for cyanide poisoning when this is an erroneous ... http www.hse.gov.uk pubns misc076.htm title Cyanide poisoning New recommendations on first aid treatment ... poisoning. Historical cases Gas chambers Hydrogen cyanide gas was the agent used by Nazi Germany ... Christie s And Then There Were None , the first death occurs from cyanide poisoning. In Agatha ... falls victim to accidental cyanide poisoning in Battle Royale Bishop Lilliman was killed by v ... cyanide tablets to commit suicide rather than face death from radiation poisoning . In Phoenix Wright ... more details
Infobox disease Name Lead poisoning Image Lead PoisoningRadio.jpg Caption An X ray demonstrating the characteristic finding of lead poisoning, dense metaphyseal lines. ICD10 ICD10 T 56 0 t 51 ICD9 ICD9 ... DEFINITION, SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, COMPLICATIONS Lead poisoning also known as plumbism ..., Boyer Hassen 2004 p. 1423 ref Occupational exposure is a common cause of lead poisoning in adults .... ref http www.aafp.org afp 1998 0215 p719.html Occupational Lead Poisoning February 15, 1998 American ... of years, poisoning themselves in the process. Although lead poisoning is one of the oldest known ... Classically, lead poisoning or lead intoxication has been defined as exposure to high levels ... 2009 p. 785 ref Poisoning is a pattern of symptoms that occur with toxic effects from mid to high ... ref However, professionals often use lead poisoning and lead toxicity interchangeably, and official sources do not always restrict the use of lead poisoning to refer only to symptomatic effects ... course of exposure, determine toxicity. ref name Pearson03 ACUTE VS. CHRONIC Lead poisoning may be acute ... ehp.7917 ref Authorities such as the American Academy of Pediatrics define lead poisoning as blood ... Grant 2009 p. 761 ref Features of poisoning differ depending on whether the agent is an organic compound one that contains carbon , or an inorganic one. ref name Katzung07 948 Organic lead poisoning ... S S Lead poisoning can cause a variety of symptom s and medical sign signs which vary depending on the individual ..., J.A. year 2008 publisher Informa Health Care isbn 0 8493 7302 6 ref ref Poisoning by organic ... s line in lead poisoning journal European neurology volume 57 issue 2 pages 118 9 year 2007 pmid 17179719 doi 10.1159 000098100 ref Early symptoms of lead poisoning in adults are commonly nonspecific ... cite journal last1 Needleman first1 H title Lead poisoning journal Annual review of medicine volume ... 825 Acute poisoning In acute poisoning, typical neurological signs are pain, muscle weakness, paraesthesia ... more details
Bayesian poisoning is a technique used by e mail Spam electronic spammers to attempt to degrade the effectiveness of spam filter s that rely on Bayesian spam filtering . Bayesian filtering relies on Bayesian probability to determine whether an incoming mail is spam or is not spam. The spammer hopes that the addition of random or even carefully selected words that are unlikely to appear in a spam message will cause the spam filter to believe the message to be legitimate a statistical type II error . Spammers also hope to cause the spam filter to have a higher false positive rate by turning previously innocent words into spammy words in the Bayesian database statistical type I error because a user who trains their spam filter on a poisoned message will be indicating to the filter that the words added by the spammer are a good indication of spam. Empirical results Graham Cumming and Brighenti At the Spam Conference held at MIT in 2006 John Graham Cumming and Stefano Brighenti presented two possible attacks on POPFile s Bayesian engine. ref http www.jgc.org SpamConference011604.pps ref One was unsuccessful and the other worked, but was impractical. In doing this they identified two types of poisoning attack passive where words are added without any feedback to the spammer and active where the spammer gets feedback after the spam has been received . The passive method of adding random words to a small spam was ineffective as a method of attack only 0.04 of the modified spam messages were delivered. The active attack involved adding random words to a small spam and using a web bug to determine whether the spam was received. If it was, another Bayesian system was trained using the same poison words. After sending 10,000 spams to a single user he determined a small set of words that could be used to get a spam through. The simple countermeasure of disabling remote images web bugs ... Bayesian Poisoning Exist? registration required Category Spam filtering Category Random text generation ... more details
see also List of deadly fungi Infobox disease Name Mushroom poisoning Image Amanita phalloides 1.JPG ... D009145 Mushroom poisoning also known as mycetism refers to harmful effects from ingestion of toxic ... biochemical pathways in the Fungus fungal cells. Mushroom poisoning is usually the result of ingestion ... of the risks, through carelessness. To prevent mushroom poisoning, mushroom gatherers need to be very ... is a frequent cause of mushroom poisoning. br Examples of erroneous folklore rules include Poisonous ... red when boiled . ref name CDC1981 cite journal title Mushroom Poisoning among Laotian Refugees 1981 ... News title Woman died of mushroom poisoning date 2010 03 18 ref ref cite news url http www.timesonline.co.uk ... species. Causes of mushroom poisoning Of the many thousands of mushroom species in the world ... Gussow2000 cite journal author Gussow L title The optimal management of mushroom poisoning remains ... mushroom poisoning Northern California, January 1997 journal MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. volume ... symptoms of mushroom poisoning. Image Phalloide Caesarea.JPG thumb 200px right Amanitas , two .... ref name NAMA cite web last first authorlink NAMA coauthors title Mushroom Poisoning Syndromes ..., Waldman W, Sein Anand J title Acute poisoning with Tricholoma equestre journal Prz. Lek. volume 59 ... poisoning is not always due to mistaken identity. For example, the highly toxic ergot Claviceps purpurea ... toxins that can differ markedly in toxicity. Symptoms of mushroom poisoning may vary from gastric ... later. The most common consequence of mushroom poisoning is simply gastrointestinal upset. Most ... to loss of limbs and death An alkaloid found in genus Claviceps . Symptoms of mushroom poisoning ... H title Chemotherapy of Amanita phalloides poisoning with intravenous silibinin journal Hum Toxicol ... confused with it. ref name Arora Other causes of poisoning Mushrooms may be rendered poisonous by insecticides ... see Chernobyl disaster effects . Rotten mushrooms may cause food poisoning . Mushrooms which are mushy ... more details
Infobox disease Name Beryllium poisoning Image Be TableImage.png Caption Beryllium DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 T 56 7 t 51 ICD9 ICD9 985.3 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Image Beryllium OreUSGOV.jpg thumb Beryllium ore Beryllium poisoning refers to the toxic effects of beryllium , in its elemental form or in various chemical compounds. The toxicity of beryllium depends upon the duration, intensity and frequency of exposure features of dose , as well as the form of beryllium and the route of exposure i.e. inhalation, dermal, ingestion . According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC , beryllium and beryllium compounds are List of IARC Group 1 carcinogens Category 1 carcinogens they are carcinogenic to both animals and humans. ref Cite web url http www.inchem.org documents iarc vol58 mono58 1.html publisher International Agency for Research on Cancer title IARC Monograph, Volume 58 year 1993 accessdate 2008 09 18 ref Chronic berylliosis is a pulmonary and systemic circulation systemic granulomatous disease caused by exposure to beryllium. Acute beryllium disease in the form of chemical pneumonitis was first reported in Europe in 1933 and in the United States in 1943. Cases of chronic berylliosis were first described in 1946 among workers in plants manufacturing fluorescent lamp s in Salem, Massachusetts . ref name Lang Cite journal url http www.ehponline.org docs 1994 102 6 7 focus.html journal Environmental Health Perspectives volume 102 issue 6 7 date June July 1994 title Beryllium A Chronic Problem author Lang, Leslie ref Chronic berylliosis resembles sarcoidosis in many respects, and the differential diagnosis is often difficult. It occasionally ... poisoning lessons in control of man made disease volume 273 issue 22 pages 1188 99 journal The New ... index.html?eref rss us publisher CNN date 2009 01 29 ref References Reflist 2 Poisoning and toxicity Use dmy dates date September 2010 DEFAULTSORT Beryllium Poisoning Category Toxic metal poisoning ... more details
The Interstate Shellfish Sanitation Conference ISSC is the federal government federal cooperative body which manages the National Shellfish Sanitation Program . It was formed in 1982 to foster and promote the sanitation of shellfish through the cooperation of state and federal control agencies, the shellfish industry, and the academic community. The ISSC manages three task force Government task force s the Growing Areas task force, the Processing and Distribution task force, and Administration task force. Committees are often appointed to assist task forces in developing recommendations. Delegates from each state shellfish control agency vote on recommendations submitted by the task forces. External links http www.issc.org Official website Category United States Department of Agriculture ... more details
orphan date November 2009 The National Shellfish Sanitation Program NSSP is a program under which the federal Food and Drug Administration works cooperatively with the states, the Interstate Shellfish Sanitation Conference , and industry to assure the safety of molluscan shellfish clams, oysters, mussels . Among other things, all such products entering interstate commerce must be handled by state certified dealers, be properly tagged, be tracked by appropriate records, and be processed in plants that meet sanitation requirements. The FDA continually reviews state shellfish control programs for their effectiveness. External links http www.pcsga.org Government Pages NSSP.html Website Category United States Department of Agriculture ... more details
Poisoning the well or to poison the well is a logical fallacy. It may also refer to Well poisoning , the non metaphorical definition of the phrase Poisoning the well , a logical fallacy to pre emtively discredit or ridicule an adversary before he or she says it. Stargate Atlantis season 1 ep7 Poisoning the Well , a Stargate Atlantis episode Poison the Well band Poison the Well , a Hardcore band from Florida formed in 1997. Poisoned Wells book Poisoned Wells , a 2007 book by British author Nicholas Shaxson. disambig ... more details
The Poisoning Act 1530 22 Hen.8 c.9 was an Act of Parliament Act of the Parliament of England . Its long title was An Act for Poisoning. It made it high treason to murder someone with poison, and instead of the usual punishment for treason Hanged, drawn and quartered hanging, drawing and quartering it imposed death by boiling. It was repealed by the Treason Act 1547 . ref http www.lonang.com exlibris blackstone bla 414.htm Commentaries on the Laws of England , Book IV chapter 14, William Blackstone 1st ed., 1869 ref See also High treason in the United Kingdom Treason Act References reflist UK legislation Category Acts of the Parliament of England Category 1530 in law Category Treason Category 1530 in England statute stub ... more details
of the toxic agents implicated in scombroid poisoning is histamine . Other chemicals have been found in decaying fish flesh, but their association with scombroid fish poisoning has not been clearly established. Causes Unlike many types of food poisoning, this form is not brought about by ingestion ... of poisoning can show within just minutes, and up to two hours, following consumption of a spoiled .... Initial The first signs of poisoning suggest an allergy allergic reaction with the following symptoms ... facial rash torso or body rash. The rash associated with scombroid poisoning is a form ... cases, the poisoning may cause blurred vision respiratory stress swelling of the tongue Treatment Treatment ... Guss DA title Scombroid fish poisoning successful treatment with cimetidine journal Undersea Hyperb ... 2010 chapter 2 food poisoning from marine toxins.aspx Center for Disease Control Food Poisonings from Marine Toxins DermNet reactions scombroid Poisoning and toxicity Category Toxic effect of noxious ... more details
Acute aluminium phosphide poisoning AAlPP is a large, though under reported, problem in the Indian subcontinent. Aluminium phosphide AlP , which is readily available as a fumigant for stored cereal grains ... KC title Incidence & outcome of aluminium phosphide poisoning in a hospital study volume 94 pages ... 3 p152 155.pdf title Acute aluminium phosphide poisoning an update author A Wahab, MS Zaheer, S Wahab ... of deliberate poisoning, such as organophosphorus and barbiturate poisoning in North India. ref cite ... Changing trends in acute poisoning in Chandigarh zone A 25 year autopsy experience from a tertiary ... levels in acute aluminium phosphide poisoning volume 44 issue 3 pages 184 5 journal The Journal ... poisoning volume 20 issue 4 pages 182 91 journal The National medical journal of India ref ref name ... 7837309 year 1995 last1 Gupta first1 S last2 Ahlawat first2 SK title Aluminum phosphide poisoning a review ... features usually develop within a few minutes. Common clinical features in mild poisoning cases are nausea ... usually show recovery. On the other hand, in moderate to severe ingestional poisoning, the signs ... year 2010 last1 Mehrpour first1 O last2 Singh first2 S title Rice tablet poisoning A major concern ... therapy in AlP poisoning may decrease the likelihood of a fatal outcome, and has been described ... poisoning Can we predict mortality? year 2010 last1 Mathai first1 Ashu last2 Bhanu first2 Madhuritasingh ... use of activated charcoal in AlP poisoning, as phosphine gas is rapidly absorbed through ... features, and most of the deaths in ALP poisoning have been reported to be due to cardiovascular failure. All patients of severe AlP poisoning require continuous invasive hemodynamic monitoring ... K Baronia, Afzal Azim, and Kalpana Sharma ref References Reflist 35em Poisoning and toxicity Category Toxic metal poisoning Category Aluminium Category Poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes Category Poisoning Category Toxins ... more details
About carbon monoxide poisoning general information on carbon monoxide carbon monoxide Infobox disease Name Carbon monoxide poisoning Image Carbon monoxide 3D vdW.png Caption Spacefilling model of a carbon ... eMedicineSubj emerg eMedicineTopic 817 MeshName Carbon Monoxide Poisoning MeshNumber C21.613.455.245 Carbon monoxide poisoning occurs after enough inhalation of carbon monoxide CO . Carbon monoxide ... be dangerous to human health. ref name Prockop Symptoms of mild acute poisoning include lightheadedness ... poisoning, long term sequela e often occur. Carbon monoxide can also have severe effects on the fetus ... the HbCO complex is fairly stable. Treatment of poisoning largely consists of administering 100 oxygen ... Hyperbaric oxygen for carbon monoxide poisoning a systematic review and critical analysis of the evidence ... monoxide from hemoglobin, in turn providing the body with normal levels of oxygen. The prevention of poisoning is a significant public health issue. Domestic carbon monoxide poisoning can be prevented by early detection with the use of household carbon monoxide detector s. Carbon monoxide poisoning is the most common type of fatal poisoning in many countries. ref name Toxicology2002 omaye cite journal ... poisoning has also been implicated as the cause of apparent haunted houses. Symptoms such as delirium and hallucinations have led people suffering poisoning to think they have seen ghosts or to believe ... raub cite journal author Raub JA, Mathieu Nolf M, Hampson NB, Thom SR title Carbon monoxide poisoning ... Moderate to Severe Carbon Monoxide Poisoning journal JAMA year 2006 volume 295 pages 398 402 doi 10.1001 ... ref cite journal author Goldstein M title Carbon monoxide poisoning journal Journal of Emergency ... author Struttmann T, Scheerer A, Prince TS, Goldstein LA title Unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning ... after 2 3 breaths. Death in less than three minutes. center Acute poisoning The main manifestations of poisoning develop in the organ systems most dependent on oxygen use, the central nervous ... more details
The 1858 Bradford sweets poisoning was the accidental arsenic poisoning of more than 200 people in Bradford , England, in 1858 an estimated 20 people died when confectionery sweets accidentally made with arsenic were sold from a market stall. The event contributed to the passage of the List of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, 1860 1879 Pharmacy Act 1868 in the United Kingdom and legislation regulating the adulteration of foodstuffs. ref name jones http www.pharmj.com Editorial 20001223 articles arsenic.html Ian F. Jones, Arsenic and the Bradford poisonings of 1858 ref Background William Hardaker, known to locals as Humbug Billy , sold sweets from a stall in the Green Market in central Bradford now the site of Bradford s Arndale Centre , named Leeds Kirkgate Market Kirkgate Market . Hardaker purchased his supplies from Joseph Neal, who made the sweets or lozenges on Stone Street a few hundred yards to the north. The lozenges in question were peppermint humbug sweet humbug s, made of peppermint oil incorporated into a base of in theory sugar and natural gum gum . ref name jones However, sugar was expensive and so Neal would substitute a cheaper, inert substance known as daft for the sugar. The adulteration of foodstuffs with daft was common practice at the time. Ian Jones reports that the precise identity of daft was variable plaster of Paris , powdered limestone , and calcium sulfate sulphate of lime had been reported. ref name jones Accidental poisoning ... with a further 200 or so becoming severely ill with arsenic poisoning within a day or so. Consequences ..., p. 938 93. Sheeran G. The Bradford Poisoning of 1858. Halifax Ryburn Publishing Ltd 1992. Wholesale poisoning by arsenic at Bradford. Pharm J 1858 18 340 43. Toxicology Coord 53 47 42 N 1 ... Sweets Poisoning Category Food safety scandals Category Toxicology Category Man made disasters ... Arsenic Category 19th century health disasters Category Adulteration Category Mass poisoning ... more details
Infobox disease Name Ethylene glycol poisoning Image Ethylene glycol.svg Caption Ethylene glycol DiseasesDB ... Ethylene glycol poisoning is caused by the ingestion of ethylene glycol the primary ingredient .... Following ingestion the symptoms of poisoning follow a three step progression starting with Substance ... acid . Medical diagnosis of poisoning is most reliably done by measurement of ethylene glycol in the blood ... in the body s biochemistry to diagnose poisoning. Diagnosis can also be aided by examining ... and therefore halt the progression of poisoning. Hemodialysis is also used to help remove ethylene ... is generally good with most patients making a full recovery. Poisoning is relatively common and due .... Signs and symptoms Symptoms of ethylene glycol poisoning usually follow a three step progression, although ... author Brent J title Current management of ethylene glycol poisoning journal Drugs volume 61 issue ... hours kidney failure is the result of ethylene glycol poisoning. Symptoms include acute tubular ... Practice Guidelines on the Treatment of Ethylene Glycol Poisoning. Ad Hoc Committee journal Journal ... by ethylene glycol poisoning are the central nervous system , metabolic processes, and the kidney s. ref name Drugs2001 Brent The central nervous system is affected early in the course of poisoning ... name ClinToxicol1999 Barceloux The toxic mechanism of ethylene glycol poisoning is mainly due to the metabolites ... glycol poisoning. Report of four cases and review of the literature journal The American journal ... RB, Wolf BA, Shaw LM title Ethylene glycol poisoning toxicokinetic and analytical factors affecting ... ref ref cite journal author Field DL title Acute ethylene glycol poisoning journal Critical care medicine ... F, Smail N, Adnet F title Prehospital diagnosis of massive ethylene glycol poisoning and use of an early ... url ref There may be a slight risk of poisoning where mists or fogs are generated, although this rarely leads to poisoning as ethylene glycol causes irritation and coughing when breathed in, alerting ... more details
About the poisoning victim other uses Zhu Ling disambiguation NPOV language date May 2010 Chinese name Zhu surname Zhu Zhu Ling zh c p Zh L ng , born 1973 sup http image2.sina.com.cn dy s 2006 01 13 U1366P1T1D8855109F21DT20060113110803.jpg photo sup is best known as the victim of an unsolved 1995 thallium poisoning case in Beijing , China . Her case was reported to the public via an Usenet newsgroup by her classmates, and was subsequently picked up by news networks all over the world. Her case was reviewed by physicians in many different countries who examined her symptoms and made suggestions as to diagnoses and treatment. Her life was ultimately saved, but she suffered serious neurological damage and permanent physical impairment. The incident recently received new attention from the media due to calls for a new investigation and public attacks on the suspected poisoner. Many Chinese students are said to be aware of her case. ref http www.earthtimes.org articles show 74483.html ref Poisoning case In 1994, Zhu Ling was a sophomore in Class Wuhua2 Physical Chemistry at Tsinghua University in Beijing. Classmates described her as attractive, intelligent, and talented, with an interest .... Li Shun wei, reported having diagnosed a similar poisoning case in the 1960s and strongly suspected that Zhu Ling s symptoms were caused by thallium poisoning. However, Zhu Ling denied that she had ... department. As a result, her doctors ruled out thallium poisoning as a potential cause. Instead, she ... was suffering from thallium poisoning, the common antidote for which is known as Prussian blue . Subsequent ... Tao http www.chinadaily.com.cn english doc 2006 01 13 content 512136.htm Campus poisoning mystery ... rwzk 20060111 mj 200603030019.asp Ten year unresolved poisoning case the suspect is said to have ... SHORT DESCRIPTION poisoning victim DATE OF BIRTH 1973 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT ... Tsinghua University alumni Category Thallium Category Deaths by poisoning Category Internet culture ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
