Image Khashkhamer seal moon worship.jpg thumb 250px Impression of the cylinder seal of unicode a amer , ENSI ensi high priest of Sin at I kun Sin ca. 2100 BC. The seated figure is probably king Ur Nammu , bestowing the governorship on unicode a amer , who is led before him by a lamma protective goddess . Sin Nanna himself is present in the form of a crescent. Portal Ancient Near East File Ziggurat of ur.jpg thumb 250px Reconstruction of the Ziggurat of Ur , the main shrine to Nanna, based on the 1939 reconstruction by Leonard Woolley Ur Excavations vol. V, fig. 1.4 Sin Akkadian language Akkadian lang akk Latn Su en, S n or Nanna Sumerian language Sumerian lang sux Latn sup dingir D sup E .KI, sup D sup NANNA was the lunar deity god of the moon in Mesopotamian mythology . Nanna is a Sumer ian deity, the son of Enlil and Ninlil , and became identified with Semitic Sin. The two chief seats of Nanna s Sin s worship were Ur in the south of Mesopotamia and Harran in the north. Name The original meaning of the name Nanna is unknown. The earliest spelling found in Ur and Uruk is sup DINGIR D sup Liste der archaischen Keilschriftzeichen LAK 32.NA where NA is to be understood as a phonetic complement . The name of Ur, spelled sup LAK 32.UNUG sup KI sup URIM sub 2 sub sup KI sup , is itself derived from the theonym, and means the abode UNUG of Nanna LAK 32 . The Fara period pre classical sign LAK 32 later collapses with E the ideogram for brother , and the classical Sumerian spelling is sup D sup E .KI, with the phonetic reading na an na . The technical term for the crescent moon could also refer to the deity, sup D sup U sub 4 sub .SAKAR. Later, the name is spelled logographically as sup D sup NANNA. The Semitic moon god Su en Sin is in origin a separate deity from Sumerian Nanna, but from the Akkadian Empire period the two undergo syncretization and are identified. The occasional Assyria n spelling of sup D sup NANNA ar sup D sup Su en e is due to association with Ak ... more details
stars, as it were a triplet of DINGIR AN signs the Pleiades star cluster Pleiades are referred to as a star ... with the associated deity prefix DINGIR and often some other brief epithet. dates of heliacal ... more details
Mesopotamian myth 50 In Sumerian religion , Ninlil sup DINGIR D sup ERE NIN .L L lady of the open field or Lady of the Air , also called Sud , in Assyrian called Mullitu , is the consort goddess of Enlil . Her parentage is variously described. Most commonly she is called the daughter of Haia god of stores and Nunbarsegunu or Ninshebargunnu a goddess of barley or Nisaba . Another source says she is the daughter of Anu and Antu. Other sources call her a daughter of Anu An and Nammu . Theophilus G. Pinches noted that Nnlil or Belit Ilani had seven different names such as Nintud, Ninhursag , Ninmah, etc. for seven different localities. ref name England 1911 cite book author Society of Biblical Arch ology London, England title Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, Volume 33, Pl. XI year 1911 publisher Society of Biblical Arch ology ref ref name Babylonian liturgies Sumerian texts from the early period and from the library of Ashurbanipal cite book title Babylonian liturgies Sumerian texts from the early period and from the library of Ashurbanipal, p. 87 url http books.google.com books?id Xdy5QAAACAAJ accessdate 2 June 2011 year 1913 publisher Geushner ref She lived in Dilmun with her family. Raped and ravaged by her now present husband Enlil , who impregnated her with water, she conceived a boy, Sin mythology Nanna Suen , the future moon god . As punishment Enlil was dispatched to the underworld kingdom of Ereshkigal , where Ninlil joined him. Enlil impregnated her disguised as the gatekeeper , whereupon she gave birth to their son Nergal , god of death. In a similar manner she conceived the underworld god Ninazu when Enlil impregnated her disguised as the man of the river of the nether world, a man devouring river . Later Enlil disguised himself as the man of the boat , impregnating her with a fourth deity Enbilulu , god of rivers and canals, these act as substitutes for Nanna Suen to ascend. http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk section1 tr121.htm . In some texts Ninlil ... more details
about the Mesopotamian deity of the underworld German black metal band Ninnghizhidda refimprove date October 2010 Image Ningizzida.jpg thumb right 300px The libation vase of Gudea , dedicated to Ningishzida 21st century BC short chronology . The caduceus is interpreted as depicting the god himself. Ningishzida sum sup dingir d sup nin g i zid da is a Mesopotamian deity of the underworld . His name in Sumerian language Sumerian is translated as lord of the good tree ref http www.sumerian.org sumerfaq.htm s20 Sumerian.org Q&A 20 Ningishzida ref by Thorkild Jacobsen . In Sumerian mythology, he appears in Adapa Adapa s myth as one of the two guardians of Anu Anu s celestial palace, alongside Dumuzi . He was sometimes depicted as a snake serpent with a human head. Lagash had a temple dedicated to Ningishzida, and Gudea , patesi of Lagash in the 21st century BC short chronology , was one of his devotees. In the Louvre , there is a famous green steatite vase carved for king Gudea of Lagash , dedicated by its inscription To the god Ningiszida, his god Gudea, ENSI Ensi Citation needed date August 2008 governor of Lagash, for the prolongation of his life, has dedicated this . Ningishzida is sometimes the son of Ninazu and Ningiridda , even though the myth Ningishzidda s journey to the netherworld suggests he is the son of Ereshkigal . ref http etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk cgi bin etcsl.cgi?text t.1.7.3&charenc j Ningishzidda s journey to the netherworld on ETCSL ref Following an inscription found at Lagash, he was the son of Anu, the heavens. ref Ira Maurice Price, Notes on the Pantheon of the Gudean Cylinders, The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures , Vol. 17, No. 1 Oct., 1900 , pp. 47 53 http www.jstor.org stable 528092 ref His wife is Azimua ref http www.sacred texts.com ane sum sum07.htm Sumerian Mythology Chapter II. Myths of Origins ref and his sister is Amashilama . He was one of the ancestors of Gilgamesh . Ningishzida is the earliest known Serpent symboli ... more details
Mesopotamian myth 50 In Mesopotamian mythology , Ereshkigal sup DINGIR D sup ERE . KI . GAL , lit. great lady under earth was the goddess of Irkalla , the land of the dead or underworld . Sometimes her name is given as Irkalla , similar to the way the name Hades was used in Greek mythology for both the underworld and its ruler. Ereshkigal was the only one who could pass judgment and give laws in her kingdom. The main temple dedicated to her was located in Kutha . ref Ereshkigal , Encyclop dia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite DVD, 2003. ref The goddess Ishtar refers to Ereshkigal as her older sister in the Sumerian hymn The Descent of Inanna which was also in later Babylonian myth, also called The Descent of Ishtar . Inanna Ishtar s trip and return to the underworld is the most familiar of the myths concerning Ereshkigal. Source myths She is known chiefly through two myths, believed to symbolize the changing of the seasons, but perhaps also intended to illustrate certain doctrines developed dating back to the Mesopotamia period. Ereshkigal is therefore the sister of Ishtar and from one point of view her counterpart, the symbol of nature during the non productive season of the year. As the doctrine of two kingdoms, one of this world and one of the world of the dead, becomes crystallized, the dominions of the two sisters are sharply differentiated from one another. One of these myths is the famous story of Ishtar s descent to Irkalla or Aralu, as the netherworld was called, and her reception by her sister who presides over it Ereshkigal traps her sister in her dark kingdom and Inanna Ishtar is only able to leave it by sacrificing her husband Dumuzi in exchange for herself. The other myth is the story of Nergal , the plague god, whose offence against Ereshkigal, his banishment to the kingdom controlled by the goddess and the reconciliation between Nergal and Ereshkigal through the latter s offer to have Nergal share the honors of the rule over Irkalla. In later tradition ... more details
Image Museum of Anatolian Civilizations082 kopie1jpg.jpg thumb right 450px center The Sky God kills the dragon Illuyanka. Behind him his son Sarruma center br small center The twisting body of the snake is depicted in undulating lines with human figures sliding along br Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Ankara, Turkey center small In Hittite mythology , Illuyanka was a serpent symbolism serpentine dragon slain by Tarhunt Transl hit sup DINGIR d sup IM , the Hittite language Hittite incarnation of the Hurrians Hurrian god of sky and storm. It is known from Hittite cuneiform tablets found at orum Bo azk y, the former Hittite capital Hattusa . The context is a ritual of the Hattians Hattian spring festival of Puruli . The myth is found in Catalogue des Textes Hittites 321, which gives two consecutive versions. Name See also Eel Etymology Etymology of eel . Illuyanka is probably a compound, consisting of two words for snake , Proto Indo European language Proto Indo European h illu and h eng sup w sup eh . The same compound members, inverted, appear in Latin Anguillidae anguilla eel . The h illu word is cognate to English eel , the anka word to Sanskrit Vritra ahi . Also this dragon is known as Illujanka and Illuyankas. Narrative In the first version, the two gods fight and Illuyanka wins. Teshub then goes to the Hattian goddess Inaras for advice. Having promised her love to a mortal named Hupasiyas in return for his help, she devises a trap for the dragon. She goes to him with large quantities of food and fermented drink drink , and entices him to drink his fill. Once drunk, the dragon is bound by Hupasiyas with a rope. Then the Sky God Teshub appears with the other gods and kills the dragon. In the second version, after the two gods fight and Teshub loses, Illuyanka takes Teshub s eyes and heart. To avenge himself upon the dragon, the Sky God Teshub marries the goddess Hebat , daughter of a mortal, named Arm. They have a son, Sarruma , who grows up and marries the da ... more details
Arik den ili , inscribed sup m sup G D DI DINGIR, long lasting is the judgment of god, ref name pna cite book title The Prosopography of the Neo Assyrian Empire, Volume 1, Part I A author K. Fabritius editor K. Radner publisher The Neo Assyrian Text Corpus Project year 1998 pages 131 132 ref 1319 BC 1308 BC or 1307 BC 1296 BC short chronology timeline short chronology was an Assyria n Kings of Assyria king who succeeded Enlil nirari , his father, and was to rule for twelve years and inaugurate the tradition of annual military campaigns against Assyria s neighbors. Biography Our sources are slim for his reign, less than ten inscriptions, a fragmentary chronicle and references to his affairs in those of his son ref group i Nassouhi list, iii 22 23 sup md sup Adad n r r m r Arik sub 2 sub de en ili . ref or perhaps brother, ref group i Khorsabad list, iii 16 24 sup md sup Adad n r r a u a sup m sup Arik sub 2 sub d n sub 2 sub ili. ref ref group i SDAS list, iii 17 18 sup md sup Adad n r r a u a sup m sup Arik sub 2 sub d n sub 2 sub ili. ref Adad nirari I s accounts. He seems to have been the first of the Assyrian Kings to have institutionalized the conduct of annual military campaigns, ref cite book title Ancient Mesopotamia portrait of a dead civilization author A. Leo Oppenheim publisher University of Chicago Press year 1964 ref some of which appear to be little more than livestock rustling expeditions, as the chronicle mentions a hundred head of sheep and goats and a hundred head of their cattle ... he brought to A ur. ref name glassner cite book title Mesopotamian Chronicles author Jean Jacques Glassner publisher Brill year 2004 page 185 ref Arik den ili s first victories were against his eastern neighbors, Turukku and Nigimhi, and all the chiefs of the Zagros mountains and highlands in the broad tracts of the Qutu Gutians to check the incursions of nomadic tribes on Assyria s northern and eastern frontiers. The Gutians had been vassals of the Kassites ... more details
Other uses Nibiru disambiguation Nibiru Mesopotamian myth 50 Nibiru also transliterated Neberu , Nebiru is a term in the Akkadian language , translating to crossing or point of transition , especially of rivers ref http www.premiumwanadoo.com cuneiform.languages dictionary dosearch.php?searchkey 3451&language id Akkadian Dictionary n bertu , n buru in http www.premiumwanadoo.com cuneiform.languages dictionary index en.php Akkadian Dictionary ref , i.e. river crossings or ferry boats. In Babylonian astronomy , nibiru in cuneiform spelled sup dingir d sup n b ru or sup Babylonian star catalogues MUL sup ni bi rum is a term of the highest point of the ecliptic, i.e. the point of summer solstice , and its associated constellation. The establishment of the nibiru point is described in tablet 5 of the creation epic En ma Eli When Marduk fixed the locations manzazu of Nibiru, Enlil and Enki Ea in the sky. ref name Weidner de icon Ernst Weidner in Reallexikon der Assyriologie , vol. 2, de Gruyter, Berlin 1978, p. 381 ref As the highest point in the paths of the planets, nibiru was considered the seat of the summus deus who pastures the stars like sheep, in Babylon identified with Marduk . This interpretation of Marduk as the ruler of the cosmos suggesting an early monotheist tendency in Babylonian religion by various authors. ref Alfred Jeremias, Babylonisches im Neuen Testament 1905 , p. 106 Monotheistische Str mungen innerhalb der babylonischen Religion 1904 lecture, printed in 1905 . ref ref cite book last Levenson first Jon Douglas title Creation and the persistence of evil the Jewish drama of divine omnipotence publisher Princeton University Press date November 1994 Reprint edition isbn 978 0691029504 page 131 url http books.google.co.uk books?id VzaW Du6N74C&pg PA131&dq Marduk monotheism&hl en&ei SO iS8LRApLgnAOQ5qlA&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 3&ved 0CDwQ6AEwAg v onepage&q Marduk 20monotheism&f false ref The corresponding constellation was in the area of ... more details
This is a list of patera e shallow craters on the surface of Io moon Io . Ionian paterae are named after solar deity sun gods and fire god s in various mythologies. See also the list of mountains on Io and the list of geological features on Io . class wikitable Patera Named after Ababinili Patera Ababinili Chickasaw mythology Chickasaw Agni Patera Agni Hindu mythology Hindu and others Ah Peku Patera Ah Peku Mayan mythology Mayan Aidne Patera Aidne Irish mythology Irish Altjirra Patera Altjira Australian Aboriginal mythology Australian Aboriginal Amaterasu Patera Amaterasu Japanese mythology Japanese Angpetu Patera Angpetu Lakota mythology Dakota Aramazd Patera Aramazd Armenian mythology Armenian Arusha Patera Arusha Hindu mythology Hindu Asha Patera Asha Zoroastrianism Zoroastrian tar Patera Atar Zoroastrianism Zoroastrian Aten Patera Aten Egyptian mythology Egyptian Babbar Patera Babbar Patera Babbar Sumerian mythology Sumerian Citation needed date May 2009 Balder Patera Balder Norse mythology Norse Belenus Patera Belenus Celtic mythology Celtic Bochica Patera Bochica Chibchan Camaxtli Patera Camaxtli Aztec mythology Aztec Carancho Patera Carancho Bolivian folklore Bolivian Cataquil Patera Catequil god Catequil Incan mythology Inca Catha Patera Cautha Etruscan mythology Etruscan Chaac Patera Chaac Mayan mythology Mayan Chors Patera Chors Slavic mythology Slavic Creidne Patera Creidhne Celtic mythology Celtic Cuchi Patera Cuchi Australian Aboriginal mythology Australian Aboriginal Culann Patera Culann Celtic mythology Celtic Daedalus Patera Daedalus Greek mythology Greek Dazhbog Patera Dazhbog Slavic mythology Slavic Dingir Patera Dingir Sumerian mythology Sumerian Dusura Patera Dusura Nabataeans Nabataean Ekhi Patera Ekhi Basque mythology Basque Emakong Patera Emakong Sulca Disambiguation needed date June 2011 people of New Britain Estan Patera Estan Hittites Hittite Fo Patera Fo mythology Fo Chinese mythology Chinese Fuchi Patera Fuchi Ainu people Ainu Gabija Pat ... more details
sea by Enki. Enlil assigned junior divines ref The Akkadian determinative dingir , which ... divine would preserve the ambiguity in dingir . ref to do farm labor and maintain the rivers and canals ... more details
Coord 32 32 11 N 44 25 15 E display title Portal Ancient Near East Etemenanki Sumerian language Sumerian small .TEMEN.AN.KI small unicode temple Dingir Ninhursag wikt temple of the wikt foundation of wikt heaven and wikt earth was the name of a ziggurat dedicated to Marduk in the city of Babylon of the 6th century BCE Neo Babylonian dynasty . Originally seven stories in height, little remains of it now except ruins. Construction It is unclear exactly when Etemenanki was first built. A review article by Andrew R. George says that its builder may have reigned in the fourteenth, twelfth, eleventh or ninth century but argues that blockquote The reference to a ziqqurrat at Babylon in the Creation Epic En ma Eli VI 63 George 1992 301 2 is more solid evidence, however, for a Middle Assyrian piece of this poem survives to prove the long held theory that it existed already in the second millennium BC. There is no reason to doubt that this ziqqurrat, described as ziqqurrat aps elite , the upper ziqqurrat of the Aps , was E temenanki. ref George , Andrew 2007 The Tower of Babel Archaeology, history and cuneiform texts Archiv fuer Orientforschung , 51 2005 2006 . pp. 75 95. http eprints.soas.ac.uk 3858 2 TowerOfBabel.AfO.pdf pdf document . ref blockquote The city of Babylon had been destroyed in 689 BCE by Sennacherib , who claims to have destroyed the Etemenanki. The city was restored by Nabopolassar and his son Nebuchadnezzar II . It took 88 years to rebuild the city its central feature was the temple of Marduk Esagila , to which the Etemenanki ziggurat was associated. The ziggurat was rebuilt by Nebuchadnezzar II. The seven stories of the ziggurat reached a height of 91 meters, according to a tablet from Uruk see below , and contained a temple shrine at the top. In Nebuchadnezzar s own words blockquote A former king built the Temple of the Naked eye planets Seven Lights of the Earth , but he did not complete its head. Since a remote time, people had abandoned it, witho ... more details
Other uses File British Museum Queen of the Night.jpg thumb right 200px Old Babylonian period Burney Relief Queen of Night relief , often considered to represent an aspect of Ishtar. Ishtar pronounced IPAc en t r Transliteration sup DINGIR D sup I TAR Akkadian File B010ellst.png 100x20px DINGIR File B153ellst.png 100x20px INANNA Sumerian language Sumerian unicode is the Assyria n and Babylonia n goddess of fertility , war , love , and sex . ref name WilkinsonKramer p24 Reference Wilkinson Wilkinson , p. 24 ref She is the counterpart to the Mesopotamian mythology Sumerian Inanna and to the cognate north west Semitic goddess Astarte . Characteristics Ishtar was the god of love and war above all associated with sexuality her cult religious practice cult involved sacred prostitution ref cite book last Day first John authorlink editor last McCarthy editor first Carmel editor2 last Healey editor2 first John F. contribution Does the Old Testiment Refer to Sacred Prostitution and Did It Actual Exist in Ancient Israel? title Biblical and Near Eastern Essays Studies in Honour of Kevin J. Cathcart publisher Cromwell Press year 2004 location pages 2 21 url http books.google.com books?id 1LsFeLWi06gC&printsec frontcover v onepage&q&f false isbn 0 8264 6690 7 pp. 15 17. ref ref cite book last Singh first Nagendra Kr authorlink title Divine Prostitution publisher APH Publishing year 1997 location New Dehli pages 4 6 url http books.google.com books?id nYEdPoGAaz0C&printsec frontcover v onepage&q&f false isbn 81 7024 821 3 ref her holy city Uruk was called the town of the sacred courtesans and she herself was the courtesan of the gods . ref name Guirand p58 Ishtar had many lovers however, as Guirand notes, quote Woe to him whom Ishtar had honoured The fickle goddess treated her passing lovers cruelly, and the unhappy wretches usually paid dearly for the favours heaped on them. Animals, enslaved by love, lost their native vigour they fell into traps laid by men or were domes ... more details
In the first sentence Then dingir kabtu came aboard the boat the Akkadian determinative dingir is usually ... , PhD dissertation, University of Chicago 1975 , p. 224. ref Dingir kabtu literally means divine ... more details
Dazhbog Slavic mythology Slavic coord 55.1 N 301.48 W globe io name Dazhbog Patera 118.39 km Yes Dingir Patera Dingir Sumerian mythology Sumerian coord 4.13 S 341.37 W globe io name Dingir Patera 47.38 ... more details
Other uses Middle Eastern deities Image As Julia Maesa Sidon AE30 BMC 300.jpg thumb Astarte riding in a chariot with four branches protruding from roof, on the reverse of a Julia Maesa coin from Sidon Astarte ref http www.flickr.com photos seriykotik 123814081 Ishtar from Flickr.com ref Pronunciation needed needing not the original language pronunciation, but the Anglicized pronunciation that is used in discussion in Modern English Greek language Greek , Ast rt is the Greek name of a goddess known throughout the Eastern Mediterranean from the Bronze Age to Classical times. Originally the deified evening star , she is found as Ugaritic language Ugaritic trt A tart or Athtart Phoenician language Phoenician trt Ashtart and Hebrew language Hebrew Ashtoret , singular, or Ashtarot , plural , and appears in Akkadian language Akkadian as sup DINGIR D sup , the grammatically masculine name of the goddess Ishtar the form Astartu is used to describe her age. ref K. van der Toorn, Bob Becking, Pieter Willem van der Horst, http books.google.com.au books?id yCkRz5pfxz0C&printsec frontcover&dq Dictionary Deities Demons&source bl&ots aFsyi0kZXx&sig 7NeCRZZc71dN4J4szNvmVy1eKhY&hl en&ei r0osTM36F5SwccrDsLIJ&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 3&ved 0CCgQ6AEwAg v onepage&q&f false Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible , p. 109 10. ref The name appears also in Etruscan language Etruscan as Uni Astre Pyrgi Tablets , Ishtar or Ashtart . Overview Astarte was connected with fertility , human sexuality sexuality , and war . Her symbols were the lion , the horse , the sphinx , the dove , and a star within a circle indicating the planet Venus . Pictorial representations often show her naked. Astarte was accepted by the Greece Greek s under the name of Aphrodite . The island of Cyprus , one of Astarte s greatest faith centers, supplied the name Cypris as Aphrodite s most common byname. Other major centers of Astarte s worship were Sidon , Tyre Lebanon Tyre , and B ... more details
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