wiktionary doubletDoublet may refer to Doublet clothing , a man s snug fitting buttoned jacket that was worn from the late 14th century to the mid 17th century Doublet lapidary , an assembled gem composed in two sections, such as a garnet overlaying green glass Doublet lens , a type of lens, made up of two stacked layers with different refractive indices Doublet linguistics , one of two or more words of the same language that come from the same root Doublet physics , a quantum state of a system with a spin of Doublet potential flow , fluid flow due to a source sink combination Pierre Jean Louis Ovide Doublet 1749 1824 , a politician and writer from France Word ladder or doublets , a word game invented by Lewis Carroll In mathematics, the unit doublet is the derivative of the Dirac delta function In textual criticism , two different narrative accounts of the same actual event Dimeresia Dimeresia howellii , a tiny flowering plant. disambig de Dublette fr Doublet nl Doublet pl Dublet ... more details
Expand French topic gov date December 2008 Michel Doublet Michel Doublet born 26 September 1939 is a France French politician and a member of the Senate of France . He represents the Charente Maritime department and is a member of the Union for a Popular Movement Party. References http www.senat.fr senfic doublet michel89014n.html Page on the Senate website Senators of France Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Doublet, Michel ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION French politician DATE OF BIRTH 26 September 1939 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Doublet, Michel Category 1939 births Category Living people Category French Senators of the Fifth Republic Category French politicians France politician UMP stub fr Michel Doublet ... more details
Earthquakes Expert subject Earthquakes date March 2011 Seismologist s sometimes refer to a a pair of similarly sized earthquake shocks that occur relatively closely spaced in time and location as an earthquake doublet. ref name USGS cite web title Magnitude 7.8 VANUATU Summary publisher USGS date 2009 10 07 url http earthquake.usgs.gov eqcenter recenteqsww Quakes us2009mlcx.php summary accessdate 2009 10 09 ref This is distinct from the normal pattern of earthquake aftershock s. The first earthquake can be some considerable distance and time away from the second. ref cite web url http www.scientificblogging.com news releases doublet earthquakes and earthquake dynamics title Doublet Earthquakes And Earthquake Dynamics date January 30, 2008 publisher scientificblogging.com accessdate 2010 02 03 ref References reflist External links http www.bssaonline.org cgi content abstract 89 5 1147 Worldwide doublets of large shallow earthquakes http www.nature.com nature journal v451 n7178 abs nature06521.html A great earthquake doublet and seismic stress transfer cycle in the central Kuril islands DEFAULTSORT Doublet Earthquake Category Types of earthquake earthquake stub ... more details
Infobox hot spring name Doublet Pool photo Doublet Pool closeup.JPG photo width photo caption Doublet Pool name origin location Yellowstone National Park , Teton County, Wyoming Teton County , Wyoming Wyoming, USA lat d 44.4643188 lat NS N long d 110.8296237 long EW W region US WY coords ref ref name rcn cite rcn 9108 Doublet Pool ref elevation convert 7356 ft ref cite gnis 1609384 Doublet Pool ref type Hot spring height duration frequency discharge temperature convert 194.4 F C depth convert 8 ft m map map caption Doublet Pool is a hot spring in the Geothermal areas of Yellowstone Upper Geyser Basin Upper Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park , Wyoming . Doublet Pool is convert 8 ft m deep and its temperature is approximately convert 194.4 F C . ref cite web url http www.yellowstonenationalpark.com uppergeyser.htm title Geysers Upper Geyser Basin accessdate 2009 03 10 publisher YellowstoneNationalPark.com ref Its scalloped edge is made of geyserite . Although geysers rarely occur in Doublet Pool, only two or three have been seen the pool on the right pulses over the vents about every two hours. ref cite web title Doublet Pool work Geysers of Yellowstone publisher Geyser Observation and Study Association GOSA url http www.geyserstudy.org geyser.aspx?pGeyserNo DOUBLETPOOL ref Sometimes, there will be vibrations, surface wave motion, and thumping these are probably caused by collapsing gas and steam bubbles deep underground. ref cite web url http www.nps.gov archive yell tours oldfaithful doubletp.htm title Doublet Pool work Old Faithful Area Tour publisher National Park Service ref See also List of Yellowstone geothermal features Yellowstone National Park Geothermal areas of Yellowstone References reflist commons category Doublet Pool Upper Geyser Basin Wyoming Category Geysers of Wyoming Category Geothermal features of Teton County, Wyoming Category Yellowstone geothermal features da Doublet Pool ... more details
Other uses Doublet disambiguation Image Giovanni Battista Moroni 001.jpg thumb 250px The unidentified tailor in Giovanni Battista Moroni s famous portrait of ca 1570 is in doublet and lined and stuffed bombasted hose clothing hose . A doublet is a man s snug fitting buttoned jacket that is shaped and fitted ... century. The doublet was hip length or waist length and worn over the shirt or drawers. Until the end of the 15th century the doublet was worn under another layer of clothing such as a gown, mantle ... of the doublet met at the center front. Then, like many other originally practical items in the history ... use, the doublet served the same purpose to give fashionable shape and padding to the body, to support ... the doublet over its history was its style and cut. History Image Doubletvanda.jpg thumb left Doublet, 1635 1640 V&A Museum no. 177 1900 The doublet developed from the padded garments worn under armour, such as the gambeson , aketon , arming doublet . ref http www.chronique.com Library Armour armyd1.htm ... or breeches . Padding gradually fell out of fashion again, and the doublet became close fitting ... trimmed and pinked, long skirted late Tudor doublet under a crimson gown with hanging sleeves. Image Martin Frobisher by Ketel.jpg Martin Frobisher in a peascod bellied doublet under a buff Jerkin ... Countries, chose to be portrayed in his doublet, but still in a gorget , as if he were caught ... Charles 1 Mijtens.jpg thumb right 250px Charles I of England Charles I in the doublet and breeches ... pulled through eyelets on the breeches and the waist of the doublet to keep the breeches in place, and were tied in elaborate bows. The doublet fell permanently out of fashion in the mid 17th century ... of the modern suit clothes suit . Highland Dress Doublet is also a term describing a type of jacket ... feature epaulettes . The highland doublet is Jacobean era jacobean in style and may date to that period or earlier. The Regulation kilt doublet is a typically black double breasted jacket with satin ... more details
Other uses Doublet disambiguation Unreferenced date March 2009 A doublet is a type of gem composed in two sections. It is sometimes used to imitate other, more expensive gems. File Opal doublet.jpg thumb 250px right Opal Doublet A garnet and glass doublet uses a top portion of natural garnet fused to any color of glass to imitate a Gemstone gem . The color of glass used in the doublet is all that is seen, as the garnet provides no color. If seen in reflected light, a separation line may be seen. A harder garnet makes the stones more durable. In the case of opal doublets, a backing layer of onyx or matrix ironstone gives the more fragile opal layer support and can make the opal look darker and higher quality. Category Gemstones decorative art stub Garnet and glass doublets were first used around 1850 when it was noted that molten glass would adhere to garnet. It was a popular imitation for all types of gems in many colors because the color of the glass became the only color you saw. They were still being produced into the early 1900 s until actual synthetic gems were introduced. Gems Made by Man by Kurt Nassau, circa 1980, is an excellent source. ... more details
Other uses Doublet disambiguation Refimprove date December 2009 File Achromat doublet en.svg right thumb An achromatic doublet . In optics , a doublet is a type of lens optics lens made up of two simple lens es paired together. Such an arrangement allows more optical surfaces, thicknesses, and formulations, especially as the space between lenses may be considered an element. With additional Degrees of freedom physics and chemistry degrees of freedom , optical designers have more latitude to correct more Aberration in optical systems optical aberrations , more thoroughly. Types Doublets can come in many forms, though most commercial doublets are achromat s, which are optimized to reduce chromatic aberration while also reducing spherical aberration and other Aberration in optical systems optical aberrations . The lenses are made from glasses with different refractive index refractive indices and different amounts of Dispersion optics dispersion . Often one element is made from Crown glass optics crown glass and the other from flint glass . This combination produces a better image than a simple lens. Trilobite s, which are now extinct, had natural doublet lenses. Apochromat s can also be made as doublets. Doublets can be air spaced, cemented, or oiled. Oiled doublets hold the optical fluid in place with surface tension alone. In a cemented doublet, the lenses are held together by an adhesive with mechanical strength, such as optically transparent epoxy . Canada balsam was traditionally used for this purpose. Some doublets use no adhesive between the lenses, relying on external fixturing to hold them together, either because the optical design requires a gap or because thermal expansion differences between the two lenses won t allow cementing. ref http books.google.com books ... of air spaced doublet is the Dialyte lens dialyte , a design where elements are widely spaced to save ... Reflist DEFAULTSORT Doublet Lens Category Lenses Optics stub fr Doublet optique pl Dublet optyka ... more details
Infobox mountain name Doublet Peak photo photo caption elevation ft 13600 elevation ref prominence ft 200 prominence ref ref cite peakbagger pid 5369 name Doublet Peak, Wyoming accessdate 2007 09 19 ref location Fremont County, Wyoming Fremont Sublette County, Wyoming Sublette counties, Wyoming Wyoming, USA range Wind River Range coordinates coord 43 09 48 N 109 37 47 W type mountain region US display inline,title topo United States Geological Survey USGS Gannett Peak type age last eruption first ascent easiest route Doublet Peak is the fifth highest peak in the Wind River Range , Wyoming . The summit is immediately south of Dinwoody Glacier and just west of Mount Warren . ref cite web url http www.topoquest.com map.asp?lat 43.16333&lon 109.62889&datum nad27&u 4&layer DRG&size l&s 50 title Doublet Peak, USGS Gannett Peak WY format Map publisher TopoQuest accessdate 2008 06 29 ref Cited references reflist Category Geography of Fremont County, Wyoming Category Mountains of Wyoming Category Geography of Sublette County, Wyoming Wyoming geo stub ... more details
notability date April 2012 Doublet b.1963 .1974 was a horse named from the word Wikt doubletdoublet . Doublet was a successful performer in the sport of Eventing in which he was the regular mount of Princess Anne . Doublet was ridden by Princess Anne when winning the gold medal in the 1971 European Eventing Championship . Beginning Doublet was a gelding presented to Princess Anne, Princess Royal as a gift from her mother Queen Elizabeth II . ref name Boca Raton Boca Raton News cite book url http news.google.com newspapers?nid 1291&dat 19740514&id z8MPAAAAIBAJ&sjid FI0DAAAAIBAJ&pg 5298,1777566 title May 14, 1974 Browse this newspaper Browse all newspapers accessdate 2012 01 27 ref He was sired by the Argentinian Thoroughbred stallion Doubtless out of a non Thoroughbred mare named Swat . ref http www.sporthorse data.com d?i 10246801 ref Activity His trainer was Alison Oliver. ref name Boca Raton On the 27 sup th sup of March 1971 the gelding threw the Princess Royal. ref Lodi News Sentinel Mar 29, 1971 http news.google.com newspapers?nid 2245&dat 19710329&id kRQ AAAAIBAJ&sjid IE8MAAAAIBAJ&pg 2914,6622958 2914,6622958 Retrieved 2012 01 27 ref ref HistoryOrb.com http www.historyorb.com date 1971 march 29 Archives 2000 2012 Retrieved 2012 01 27 ref He won Gold at the Europeen three day eventing championships, in Burghley with Princess Anne on 4 September 1971, and finished fifth at the Badminton Horse Trials in the same year. ref Charity No 210504, SC038516 British Horse Society http www.bhs.org.uk About Us Hall of Fame Horses Horses Hall of Fame Doublet.aspx 2009 The British Horse Society. Retrieved 2012 01 27 ref ref The Official website of the Governing Body of http www.britisheventing.com page.asp?section 264§ionTitle Senior European Champi BRITISH EVENTING ref .. Was in Kiev in 1973 later suffering ailments. ref Martha DUFFY Copyright 2010 Time Inc. A Time Warner ... news photo princess anne rides her horse doublet over a fence during news photo 51145115 ref End On May ... more details
In mathematics, the unit doublet is the derivative of the Dirac delta function . It can be used to differentiate Signal electronics signals in electrical engineering ref citeweb url http ocw.mit.edu NR rdonlyres Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6 003Fall 2003 9BEA2A94 230F 4F38 ABAE F552B8E549A9 0 lecture4.pdf title Signals and Systems Lecture 4 date 16 September 2003 work Mit.edu accessdate 2 September 2009 ref If u sub 1 sub is the unit doublet, then math x u 1 t frac dx t dt math where refers to the convolution operator. The function is zero for all values except zero, where its behaviour is interesting. Its integral over any interval enclosing zero is zero. However, the integral of its absolute value over any region enclosing zero goes to infinity. The function can be thought of as the limiting case of two rectangles, one in the second Cartesian coordinate system Quadrants and octants quadrant , and the other in the fourth. The length of each rectangle is k, whereas their breadth is 1 k sup 2 sup , where k tends to zero. References reflist DEFAULTSORT Unit Doublet Category Derivatives finance math stub ... more details
Image Pake.png thumb right 300px Simulated pake doublet. A Pake Doublet is a characteristic line shape seen in solid state nuclear magnetic resonance and Electron paramagnetic resonance . It was first described by George Pake . It arises from Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance Dipolar coupling dipolar coupling between two spin half nuclei, or from transitions in Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance Quadrupolar interaction quadrupolar nuclei such as deuterium. It is the general shape obtained from an orientationally dependent doublet. The horns of the Pake doublet correspond to the situation when the principal axis of the coupling interaction the inter nuclear vector in the case dipolar coupling and the principal component of the electric field gradient tensor for quadrupolar nuclei is perpendicular to the magnetic field. This situation is the most probable and the intensity is much higher. The feet of the lineshape correspond to the situation when the principal axis of the coupling interaction is parallel to the magnetic field which is much less statistically relevant. Pake was the first to describe this lineshape and used it to extracted the proton proton distance from his experiments on a single crystal and powdered hydrates of gypsum CaSO sub 4 sub .2H sub 2 sub O ref Nuclear Resonance Absorption in Hydrated Crystals Fine Structure of the Proton Line,G. E. Pake, J. Chem. Phys. 16 , 327 1948 doi 10.1063 1.1746878 http link.aip.org link JCPSA6 v16 i4 p327 s1 ref . This made it possible to experimentally determine the inter nuclear distance between the hydrogen atoms in water. References references physics stub Category Nuclear magnetic resonance ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 In quantum mechanics , a doublet is a quantum state of a system with a spin physics spin of 1 2, such that there are two allowed values of the spin component, 1 2 and 1 2. Quantum systems with two possible states are sometimes called two level system s. Essentially all occurrences of doublets in nature arise from rotational symmetry spin 1 2 is associated with the fundamental representation of the Lie group SU 2 , the group theory group that defines rotational symmetry in three dimensional space. History and applications The term doublet dates back to the 19th century, when it was observed that certain spectral lines of an ionized, excited gas would split into two under the influence of a strong magnetic field , in an effect known as the anomalous Zeeman effect . Such spectral lines were observed not only in the laboratory, but also in astronomical spectroscopy observations, allowing astronomers to deduce the existence of, and measure the strength of magnetic fields around the sun, stars and galaxies. Conversely, it was the observation of doublets in spectroscopy that allowed physicists to deduce that the electron had a spin, and that furthermore, the magnitude of the spin had to be 1 2. See the history section of the article on spin physics for greater detail. Doublets continue to play an important role in physics. For example, the healthcare technology of magnetic resonance imaging is based on nuclear magnetic resonance . In this technology, a spectroscopic doublet occurs in a spin 1 2 atomic nucleus , whose doublet splitting is in the radio frequency range. By applying both a magnetic field and carefully tuning a radio frequency transmitter, the nuclear spins will flip and re emit radiation, in an effect known as the Rabi ... state Triplet state Spin multiplicity DEFAULTSORT Doublet State Category Spectroscopy Category Rotational symmetry Physics stub Quantum stub es Estado doblete fr tat doublet ... more details
unreferenced date September 2008 A legal doublet is a standardized phrase used frequently in English legal language which consists of two or more words which are near synonyms. The origin of the doubling and sometimes even tripling often lies in the transition of legal language from Latin to French language French . Certain words were simply given in their Latin, French and or English language English forms to ensure understanding. Such phrases can often be pleonasm s. List of common legal doublets aid and abet appropriate and proper art and part by and between cancel, annul and set aside care and attention cease and desist covenant and agree deem and consider demise and lease due and payable final and conclusive full faith and credit give, devise and bequeath goods and chattels grant, bargain, sell indemnify and hold harmless legal and valid let or hindrance lewd and lascivious conduct liens and encumbrances make and enter into name, constitute and appoint null and void over and above part and parcel perform and discharge power and authority rest, residue and remainder right, title and interest sale or transfer sole and exclusive to have and to hold successors and assigns terms and conditions will and testament See also Hendiadys DEFAULTSORT Legal Doublet Category Legal terms Category Legal writing th ... more details
Other uses Doublet disambiguation Unreferenced date December 2009 In etymology , two or more words in the same language are called doublets or etymological twins or possibly triplets, etc. when they have different phonological forms but the same etymological root. Often, but not always, the variants have entered the language through different routes. Because the relationship between words that have the same root and the same meaning is fairly obvious, the term is mostly used to characterize pairs of words that have diverged in meaning. For example English language English pyre and fire are doublets. Subtle differences in the resulting modern words contribute to the richness of the English language, as indicated by the doublets frail and fragile which share the Latin root, fragilis one might refer to a fragile tea cup and a frail old woman , but frail tea cup and fragile old woman are uncommon. Another example of nearly synonymous doublets is aperture and overture the commonality behind the meanings is opening , but doublets may develop divergent meanings, such as the opposite words, host and guest from the same Proto Indo European language PIE root, which occur as a doublet in Latin and then Old French wikt hospes hospes , before having been borrowed into English. Doublets also vary with respect to how far their forms have diverged. For example, the resemblance between levy and levee is obvious, whereas the connection between sovereign and soprano is harder to guess synchronic analysis linguistics synchronically from the forms of the words alone. Etymological twins are often a result of chronologically separate borrowing from a source language. In the case of English, this usually ... is the doublet lang zh and lang zh . At one time they were pronounced similarly and meant ... False friend s that may develop in the same way DEFAULTSORT Doublet Linguistics Category Historical linguistics Category Types of words ar bg fr Doublet lexical ko nl Doublet taalkunde ... more details
Use dmy dates date June 2011 Expand French date December 2009 Marie Anne Doublet Marie Anne Doublet 23 August 1677, Paris May 1771, Paris , known as Doublet de Persan , n e Legendre , was a French scholar, writer and salonni re . Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Doublet ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 23 August 1677 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1771 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Doublet Category French female salon holders Category French writers Category 1677 births Category 1771 deaths France writer stub fr Marie Anne Doublet ... more details
In particle physics , the doublet triplet splitting problem is a problem of some Grand unification theory Grand Unified Theories , such as Georgi Glashow model SU 5 , SO 10 physics SO 10 , math E 6 math . Grand unified theories predict Higgs boson s doublets of math SU 2 math arise from Group representation representations of the unified group that contain other states, in particular, states that are triplets of color. The primary problem with these color triplet Higgs, is that they can mediate proton decay in Supersymmetry supersymmetric theories that are only suppressed by two powers of GUT scale i.e. they are dimension 5 supersymmetric operators . In addition to mediating proton decay, they alter gauge coupling unification . The doublet triplet problem is the question what keeps the doublets light while the triplets are heavy? Doublet triplet splitting and the math mu math problem In minimal SU 5 , the way one accomplishes doublet triplet splitting is through a combination of interactions math int d 2 theta lambda H bar 5 Sigma H 5 mu H bar 5 H 5 math where math Sigma math is an adjoint of SU 5 and is traceless . When math Sigma math acquires a vacuum expectation value math langle Sigma rangle rm diag 2, 2, 2, 3, 3 f math that breaks SU 5 to the Standard Model gauge symmetry the Higgs doublets and triplets acquire a mass math int d 2 theta 2 lambda f mu H bar 3 H 3 3 lambda f mu H bar 2 H 2 math Since math f math is at the GUT scale math 10 16 math GeV and the Higgs doublets ... . So to solve thus doublet triplet splitting problem requries a tuning of the two terms to within 1 ... MSSM i.e. why are the Higgs doublets so light and doublet triplet splitting are so closely intertwined. The Dimopoulos Wilczek mechanism In an SO 10 theory, there is potential solution to the doublet ... f 3 math give masses to the Higgs doublet and triplet, respectively, and are independent of each ... doublet remains massless. This is very similar to the way that doublet triplet splitting ... more details
name Pierre Jean Louis Ovide Doublet image PJLO Doublet.jpg caption Pierre Jean Louis Ovide Doublet full name Pierre Jean Louis Ovide Doublet spouse Elizabetta Magri children Vincenzo Doublet br Maria Doublet br Regina Doublet br Napoleon Allesandro Doublet br allegedly 3 others birth date 25 August ... Alexander Ball Sir Alexander Ball party religion website footnotes Pierre Jean Louis Ovide Doublet 25 ... Ovide Doublet, the son of a gardener Jean Doublet and his wife Jeanne Desire, was born in Beaugency ... to his expedition of Egypt , part of the Mediterranean campaign of 1798 , Doublet formed part of the delegation ... thought to be of some use to him, the General proposed Doublet accompany him to Egypt. Because of Doublet ..., Doublet declined the proposal courteously but firmly. His refusal angered Napoleon, who did not appreciate ... of the Order which followed, Doublet was shown to have communicated to the French authorities ... yielded to this requirement and instructed Doublet to hand over of this secret code. These letters ... details, certain appreciations of his own person emanating from French diplomats. However, Doublet had ..., and he was of French birth. A rumour quickly circulated that charged Doublet with the entire responsibility of having delivered the cipher to the enemy. Some of his accusers even asserted that Doublet ... Church Russian Orthodox religion . Doublet, the ex donat , shared these calumnies with Bosredon de Ransijat, another renegade in the eyes of Order. Doublet s honour was wounded by this cabal, but more ..., Doublet protested his innocence in this business until the end of his days, innocence which will be attested ... islands Balearic Islands , Pierre Jean Louis Ovide Doublet was disembarked in Marseilles , France, in December 1800. Bourrienne , private secretary of Napoleon, recalls in his own M moires Doublet ... departments of Liamone and Golo department Golo . After the Treaty of Amiens , Doublet once again ... Ovide and toward the end of 19th century one was named Napoleon. Writing Pierre Jean Louis Ovide Doublet ... more details
This list covers optical lens designs grouped by tasks or overall type. The field of Optical lens design ing has many variables including the function the lens or group of lenses have to perform, the limits of optical glass because of the index of refraction and Dispersion optics dispersion properties, and design constraints including realistic lens element center and edge thicknesses, minimum and maximum air spaces between lenses, maximum constraints on entrance and exit angles, and even cost. Some lenses listed are overall types with sub designs as noted . Simple lens designs Simple lens es are lenses consisting of a single element. Lenses in this section may overlap with lens designs in other sections, for example the Wollaston landscape lens is a single element and also a camera lens design. Basic types Lens optics Types of simple lenses Biconcave lens Lens optics Types of simple lenses Biconvex lens Lens optics Types of simple lenses Convex concave lens Lens optics Types of simple lenses Plano concave lens Lens optics Types of simple lenses Plano convex lens Lens optics Types of simple lenses Meniscus lens Designs Wollaston landscape lens Achromatic lens designs There are many compound designs of wiktionary achromatic achromatic lenses, designed to reduce color related distortion Chromatic aberration Achromatic doublet type Achromatic lens Littrow doublet Littrow doublet Achromatic lens Fraunhofer doublet Fraunhofer objective Fraunhofer doublet Achromatic lens Clark doublet Clark doublet Achromatic lens Oil spaced doublet Oil spaced doublet Achromatic lens Steinheil doublet Steinheil doublet Apochromatic doublet Dialyte lens Superachromat Camera lens designs Camera lens es come in a wide variety because of the need for different and even variable focal lengths that can cover a large image plane without distortion. Celor lens Joseph Petzval Discoveries and inventions Chevalier lens Cooke Triplet Double Gauss lens Frazier lens Fresnel lens Gauss lens Ang nieux re ... more details
about the optician George Bass disambiguation George Bass was an optician known to have made an achromatic lens achromatic doublet lens doublet around 1733. The instructions for the constructions were given by Chester Moore Hall . According to Fred Hoyle Hoyle , ref Fred Hoyle, Astronomy A history of man s investigation of the universe , Rathbone Books Limited, 1962, LC 62 14108 ref Hall wished to keep his work on the achromatic lenses a secret and contracted the manufacture of the Crown glass optics crown and flint glass flint lenses to two different opticians, Edward Scarlett and James Mann. ref http www.mhs.ox.ac.uk sphaera index.htm?issue8 articl5 Sphaera Peter Dollond answers Jesse Ramsden A review of the events of the invention of the achromatic doublet with emphasis on the roles of Hall, Bass, John Dollond and others. ref They in turn sub contracted the work to the same person, George Bass. He realized the two components were for the same client and, after fitting the two parts together, noted the achromatic properties. Not being as reticent as Hall, Bass let others know of the lens s properties and the method of making an achromatic doublet spread. References reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Bass, George ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Bass, George Category Scientific instrument makers Category Opticians Category Year of death unknown ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Image Lens6b en.svg right thumb 200px For an achromatic doublet, visible wavelengths have approximately the same focal length. File Achromatic telescope hooke img 1598.jpg thumb Achromatic telescope by Hooke , 18th century. The achromatic telescope is a refracting telescope that uses an achromatic lens to correct for chromatic aberration . How it works When an image passes through a lens, the light is refracted at different angles for different wavelength s. This produces focal length s that are dependent on the color of the light. So, for example, at the focal plane an image may be focused at the red end of the spectrum, but blurred at the blue end. This effect is particularly noticeable the further an object lies from the central axis of the telescope. The image of a star can appear blue on one side and orange on the other. Early refracting telescopes with non achromatic objective s were constructed with very long focal length s to mask the chromatic aberration. An Achromatic telescope uses an achromatic lens to correct for this. An achromatic lens is a compound lenses made with two types of glass with different Dispersion optics dispersion . One element, a wiktionary concave concave lens made out of Flint glass , has relatively high dispersion, while the other, a wiktionary convex convex element made of Crown glass optics Crown glass , has a lower dispersion. The crown lens is usually placed at the front due to the higher susceptibility of flint glass to atmospheric attack exception Steinheil doublet . The lens elements are mounted next to each ... doublet Uses an equiconvex crown with R1 R2, and a flint with R3 R2 and a flat back. Can produce ... close to, but not equal, R3. R4 is usually greater than R3. Clark doublet Uses an equiconvex crown ... mismatch between R2 and R3, thereby reducing ghosting between the crown and flint. Oil spaced doublet .... Steinheil doublet Is a flint first doublet in need of stronger curvature than, e.g., a Fraunhofer doublet ... more details
A courtepy is a doublet clothing doublet that has been deeply pleated from the shoulders to the waist around the entire garment, and then flared over the hips. There is also an undershirt, and many different sleeve styles. ref cite web url http www.fashionsintime.com html courtepy.html title Courtepy accessdate December 01, 2011 ref Encyclo describes it as a short coat of coarse cloth. ref cite web url http www.encyclo.co.uk define Courtepy title Courtepy accessdate December 01, 2011 ref References reflist Category Fashion terminology fashion stub ... more details
In Greek mythology , Ioke lang grc was the spirit and personification of pursuit. In the Iliad , she is one of several warlike personifications portrayed on Athena s aegis , other ones being Phobos mythology Phobos , Eris and Alke , alongside the head of Medusa . ref Homer , Iliad , 5. 738 ff ref The Ancient Greek word lang grc is a rare doublet linguistics doublet for lang grc rout, pursuit , from the common verb lang grc drive, pursue, chase away . ref H. G. Liddel, R. Scott. A Greek English Lexicon. 10th edition with a revised supplement. Oxford, Clarendon press, 1996, p. 847 ref References reflist External links http www.theoi.com Daimon Ioke.html Theoi Project Ioke Category Greek mythology Category Personification in Greek mythology Category War goddesses Greek deity stub ... more details
bonnet , Doublet clothing doublet , plaid & plaid broach, Belt clothing belt , sporran , kilt ... tie Scots Highland dress comprises Black barathea jacket with silver buttons Regulation Doublet clothing Doublet , Prince Charlie, Brian Boru, Braemar, Argyll, and black mess jackets are suitable. There is some ... of Highland dress consists of Formal kilt doublet in barathea or velvet the regulation doublet, Montrose doublet, Sheriffmuir doublet, and Kenmore doublet are suitable in a variety of colours Waistcoat in white marcella, tartan to match the kilt , or the same material as the doublet no waistcoat is worn with the Kenmore doublet Kilt with formal kilt pin White stiff front shirt with wing collar and white, gold, or silver studs and cufflinks for the regulation doublet, or a white formal shirt and optional ... a black silk or white marcella bow tie may be worn in place of the jabot with the regulation doublet ... more details
of achromat is the achromatic Doublet lens doublet , which is composed of two individual lenses ... of the first achromatic doublet is often given to an English barrister and amateur optician ... July 31, 2009 A review of the events of the invention of the achromatic doublet with emphasis on the roles ..., R sub 1 sub denotes the first lens surface counted from the object. A doublet lens has four surfaces with radii R sub 1 sub to R sub 4 sub . Littrow doublet Uses an equiconvex crown glass ... of the flint glass lens is flat. A Littrow doublet can produce a ghost image between R sub 2 ... a ghost image between the flat R sub 4 sub surface and rear of the telescope tube. Fraunhofer doublet ... sub . R sub 4 sub is usually greater than R sub 3 sub . In a Fraunhofer doublet, the dissimilar curvatures ... doublet Uses an equiconvex crown with R sub 1 sub R sub 2 sub , and a flint with R sub 3 sub R sub .... Oil spaced doublet The use of oil between the crown and flint eliminates the effect of ghosting ... and reduce the impact of errors in R sub 2 sub and R sub 3 sub . Steinheil doublet The Steinheil doublet, devised by Carl August von Steinheil , is a flint first doublet. In contrast to the Fraunhofer doublet, it has a negative lens first followed by a positive lens. It needs stronger curvature than the Fraunhofer doublet. ref Kidger, M.J. 2002 Fundamental Optical Design. SPIE Press, Bellingham, WA ... involves choosing the overall power math phi text sys math of the doublet and the two glasses ... s are positive valued, the power of the second element in the doublet is negative when the first ... more details
The Petzval lens was developed in 1840 by Joseph Petzval . It consisted of two doublet lenses with an aperture stop in between. The front lens is well corrected for spherical aberrations but introduces Coma optics coma . The second doublet corrects for this and the position of the stop corrects most of the astigmatism . However, this results in additional field curvature and vignetting . The total field of view is therefore restricted to about 30 degrees. An f number of f 3.7 was achievable, which was considerably faster than other lenses of the time. The speed of the lens is ideal for portrait photography since the exposure time could be reduced. Image Petzval.png thumb left Petzval portrait lens. Image Petzval1.png thumb right Petzval type movie projection lens. Image Petzval03.png thumb 300px center Petzval objectives. References cite book last Ray first Sidney title Applied Photographic Optics year 2002 publisher Focal Press location Oxford, UK isbn 0 240 51540 4 Category Photographic lenses Category Hungarian inventions de Petzvalobjektiv hu Petzval portr objekt v pl Obiektyw Petzvala ru ... more details
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