One source date September 2011 DISPLAYTITLE Drosophila populi species group Taxobox name Drosophila populi species group regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Fly Diptera familia Drosophilidae subfamilia Drosophilinae genus Drosophila subgenus Sophophora species group populi species group authority Lemeunier and Ashburner, 1976 subdivision ranks species subdivision Drosophila ingrica Drosophila populi The Holarctic Drosophila populi species group belongs to the subgenus Sophophora and contains two species, Drosophila ingrica and Drosophila populi . D. ingrica is found in the Palearctic , while D. populi is found in the Nearctic . Both species are found in the northernmost subarctic forest zone, and are strongly associated with Populus cotton wood . ref Vilela, C. R., and G. B chli. 2009. Redescription of the Alaskan species Drosophila populi Diptera, Drosophilidae . Mitteilungen der Schweizerische Entomologischen Gesellschaft 82 259 269. ref References reflist Category Drosophilidae fly stub vi Nh m lo i Drosophila populi ... more details
Taxobox color violet name Drosophila C virus virus group iv familia Dicistroviridae genus Cripavirus species Drosophila C virus Drosophila C virus belongs to the genus Cripavirus and was previously thought to be a member of the virus family Picornaviridae it has since been classified as belonging to the Dicistroviridae . an unknown virus family. ref name ebi http www.ebi.ac.uk 2can genomes genomes.html?http www.ebi.ac.uk 2can genomes viruses Drosophila C virus.html Genomes Bot generated title ref It is a single stranded positive sense RNA virus of approximately 9300 nucleotide s and it contains two open reading frame s. ref name ebi The virus particles are 30 nm in diameter and are made up of approximately 30 of RNA and 70 protein . ref name sgmjournals http vir.sgmjournals.org cgi content abstract 34 2 269 Characterization of the Drosophila C Virus Jousset et al. 34 2 269 Journal of General Virology Bot generated title ref The virus capsid is composed of three major polypeptide s and two minor polypeptides. ref name sgmjournals Drosophila C virus infects Drosophila melanogaster and was first discovered in the early 1970s in a French strain of drosophila. ref name ebi The virus is transmitted by feeding so is almost non pathogenic. However experimental evidence has shown that when injected into adult flies the virus is incredibly pathogenic as it causes the adult flies to die within 3 4 days following injection. ref name ebi Drosophila that are infected with Drosophila C ... to drosophila not infected with the virus. ref name ebi Infection with drosophila C virus can also increase mortality rate within a drosophila population. ref http www.ingentaconnect.com content ap in 2000 00000075 00000002 art04913 IngentaConnect Virulence Variability of the Drosophila C Virus and Effects of th Bot generated title ref References references DEFAULTSORT Drosophila C Virus Category Viruses Virus stub es Drosophila C virus ... more details
Taxobox color violet name Drosophila X virus virus group iii familia Birnaviridae genus Entomobirnavirus species Drosophila X virus Drosophila X virus is a virus that can infect Drosophilidae fruit flies of the genus Drosophila and is commonly used to study innate immunity in the common model organism Drosophila melanogaster . The viral capsid is roughly hexagonal and icosahedral ly symmetrical. The genome of the virus consists of two linear, double stranded RNA molecules. As a result, the virus is often used to study RNA interference as a mechanism of viral immunity in Drosophila . Although widely used in the laboratory, DXV has never been found as a natural infection of Drosophila, and was originally identified in Laboratory cell culture. References http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ICTVdb ICTVdB 00.009.0.03.001.htm ICTVdB Management 2006 . 00.009.0.03.001. Drosophila X virus . In ICTVdB The Universal Virus Database, version 4. B chen Osmond, C. Ed , Columbia University, New York, USA. Brun, G. & Plus, N. in The genetics and biology of Drosophila eds. Ashburner, M. & Wright, T. R. F. 625 702 Academic Press, New York., 1980 . DEFAULTSORT Drosophila X Virus Category Viruses Virus stub de Entomobirnavirus ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup Taxobox name Drosophila melanogangster species subgroup regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Fly Diptera familia Drosophilidae genus Drosophila subgenus Sophophora species group Drosophila melanogaster species group melanogaster group The Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup contains 9 species, including the best known species Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans D. simulans . The subgroup belongs to the Drosophila melanogaster species group Drosophila melanogaster species group within the subgenus Sophophora . Phylogeny userboxtop toptext clade style font size 85 line height 85 1 clade 1 clade 1 Drosophila melanogaster D. S. melanogaster 2 clade 1 Drosophila simulans D. S. simulans 2 D. S. mauritiana 3 D. S. sechellia 2 clade 1 clade 1 clade 1 D. S. yakuba 2 D. S. santomea 2 D. S. teissieri 2 clade 1 D. S. orena 2 D. S. erecta userboxbottom toptext melanogaster complex Drosophila melanogaster D. S. melanogaster small Meigen, 1830 small simulans complex Drosophila simulans D. S. simulans small Sturtevant, 1919 small D. S. mauritiana small Tsacas and David, 1974 small D. S. sechellia small Tsacas and B chli, 1981 small yakuba complex D. S. yakuba small Burla, 1954 small D. S. santomea small Lachaise and Harry, 2000 small D. S. teissieri small Tsacas, 1971 small erecta complex D. S. erecta small Tsacas and Lachaise, 1974 small D. S. orena small Tsacas and David, 1978 small td tr table The species of the simulans complex form a hard polytomy . Most likely, the island species D. S. mauritiana Mauritius and D. S. sechellia Seychelles branched of from the mainland species D. S. simulans in such a narrow time frame that it is impossible ..., S. Elwyn, S. Y. Kim & A. Llopart 2004. Genetic studies of two sister species in the Drosophila melanogaster ... genetics of the origin and divergence of the Drosophila simulans complex species. Genetics ... more details
Infobox rfam Name Drosophila roX1 ncRNA image Rox1 SS.png width caption Conserved secondary structure of roX1 RNA Symbol roX1 AltSymbols Rfam RF01667 miRBase miRBase family RNA type Cis regulatory element Tax domain Drosophila GO SO CAS number EntrezGene HGNCid OMIM PDB RefSeq Chromosome Arm Band LocusSupplementaryData RoX RNA is a non coding RNA ncRNA present in the male specific lethal MSL complex and is required for sex dosage compensation in Drosophila . As males only contain one X chromosome , male flies dosage compensate for the X chromosome by hyper transcribing the X chromosome. This is achieved by the MSL complex binding to the X chromosome and inducing histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation and allows for the formation of euchromatin . ref name pmid10679323 Cite pmid 10679323 ref ref name pmid16204180 Cite pmid 16204180 ref These ncRNAs were first discovered in RNA extracted from neuronal cells. ref name pmid9038337 cite journal doi 10.1016 S0092 8674 00 81886 3 author Amrein H, Axel R title Genes expressed in neurons of adult male Drosophila. journal Cell volume 88 issue 4 pages 459 69 year 1997 pmid 9038337 ref Two roX RNAs have been identified in the MSL complex from Drosophila melanogaster and have been shown to be conserved across different drosophila species. The two roX RNAs, known as roX1 and roX2 have been shown to differ in primary sequence and sequence length but despite these differences they both contain a MSL binding site are functionally redundant. ref name pmid10445033 Cite pmid 10445033 ref ref name pmid11867536 Cite pmid 11867536 ref Cloning roX genes and subsequent sequence alignment from a number of different drosophila species identified several conservation genetics conserved regions and it was also noticed that roX RNA is only present in male flies. ref name pmid18039876 Cite pmid 18039876 ref Secondary structure predictions predicted a stem ... External links Rfam id RF01667 name Drosophila rox1 ncRNA Rfam id RF01666 name Drosophila rox2 ... more details
, although it is often associated today with Ernst Mayr . Species of the fruit fly Drosophila are one ... related to the evolution of species. The genus Drosophila comprises numerous species that have ... background Working in the early 20th century T.H. Morgan , was the first to use Drosophila ... Morgan was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1933. Their experiments consisted of cross breeding Drosophila mutants and documenting offspring. Another highly regarded figure in Drosophila research was Theodosius ... sterility physiology sterility between Drosophila pseudoobscura and Drosophila persimilis Futuyma 1997 . This experimental method has been used for many years. Gender determination in Drosophila The genome of D. melanogaster , has been sequenced and studied in fine detail. It is now known that Drosophila ... 139.5 million base pairs. There are about 15,000 genes. Gender is determined in Drosophila not by the presence .... Experimentation In the off spring of crosses between Drosophila simulans and its island derivative Drosophila mauritiana, female hybrids are fertile but male hybrids are sterile. Recent studies have shown that a critical gene for gender determination in Drosophila known as the sex lethal gene ... needed , such factors are also dismissed as the cause of sterility. However in Drosophila paulistorum ... s off spring. For instance, infections of nematodes or of arthropods, including Drosophila, species ... underlying hybrid male sterility in the Drosophila bipectinata species complex Genes Genet. Syst ... Associates, Inc. Massachusetts. 1997. Kornberg, Thomas B., Krasnow, Mark A. The Drosophila Genome Sequence Implications for Biology and Medicine in The Drosophila Genome Viewpoints Science, New Series ... History of Drosophila s Contributions to Genome Research in The Drosophila Genome Viewpoints Science ... A., Kidwell, Margaret G.. Early Events in Speciation Polymorphism for Hybrid Male Sterility in Drosophila ... of America, Vol. 101, No. 24. Jun. 15, 2004 , pp. 9009 9012. DEFAULTSORT Drosophila Hybrid Sterility ... more details
Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel DGRP is a suite of D. melanogaster lines derived from an out crossed population in Raleigh, North Carolina Raleigh , North Carolina . The founders of these lineages were collected from the Raleigh State Farmer s Market ref http www.ncagr.gov markets facilities markets raleigh index.htm ref Coord 35.764254 78.662935 . The suite consists of 192 fully sequenced lines which have been inbred to near homozygous homozygosity . The primary goal of the DGRP is to provide a common set of strain for quantitative genetics research in Drosophila . Each researcher who uses the lines from the DGRP will have access to other researchers data, which will be stored in a publicly available database. This allows for analyses to be performed across studies without having to worry about complications arising from different labs using genomically different lines of fruit flies. ref http flybase.org static pages news whitepapers Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel Whitepaper.pdf ref Objectives These lines are useful for performing QTL maps, as every line is fully sequenced. This allows for association mapping to be performed, which looks for genomic regions that are correlated to a phenotype. As labs produce QTL maps a comprehensive picture of the Drosophila genome will emerge with unprecedented resolution. Currently, dozens of quantitative traits are being examined by researchers, including longevity , phototaxis , mating behavior , morphology biology wing morphology and oviposition site preference. Current Uses The pilot proof of concept and development of the DGRP came from the Trudy Mackay lab in Raleigh, North Carolina. The sequencing was done by Baylor College of Medicine Sequencing Center, in collaboration with Richard Gibbs biologist Richard Gibbs and Stephen ... i Drosophila genRefPanel.hgsc ref . Raw sequencing data from the project can be found in the NCBI ... . The study investigates the sleep behavior of Drosophila to uncover the genes that are responsible ... more details
The term Border cell might refer to Border cell brain of entorhinal cortex. Border cells Drosophila in the ovary of a Drosophila fly Cells produced by plant root s that are also known as border cells Disambig ... more details
Italictitle Taxobox name Dorsilopha image Drosophila busckii 01 cropped.jpg image caption Drosophila busckii regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Diptera familia Drosophilidae subfamilia Drosophilinae genus Drosophila subgenus Dorsilopha subgenus authority Sturtevant, 1942 type species Drosophila busckii type species authority Coquillett, 1901 subdivision ranks species subdivision Drosophila busckii Drosophila confertidentata Drosophila linearidentata Drosophila neobusckii The subgenus Dorsilopha belongs to genus Drosophila and consists of four species. ref B chli, G. 1999 2010 . TaxoDros The Database on Taxonomy of Drosophilidae. Available at http taxodros.unizh.ch ref The phylogenetic position of this group has been unclear for a long time, ref name Supertree van der Linde, K. & Houle, D. 2008 . A supertree analysis and literature review of the genus Drosophila and closely related genera. Insect Systematics and Evolution 39, 241 267. ref but recent studies have shown that the subgenus is positioned in between the subgenera Sophophora and Drosophila subgenus Drosophila . ref name Supertree ref Robe, L. J., Loreto, E. L. S. & Valente, V. L. S. 2010 . Radiation of the ,,Drosophila subgenus Drosophilidae, Diptera in the Neotropics. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research Early View. ref ref van der Linde, K., Houle, D., Spicer, G. S. & Steppan, S. J. 2010 . A supermatrix based molecular phylogeny of the family Drosophilidae. Genetics Research 92, 25 38. ref Species Drosophila busckii small Coquillett, 1901 small Drosophila confertidentata small Zhang, Li and Feng, 2006 small Drosophila linearidentata small Toda, 1986 small Drosophila neobusckii small Toda, 1986 small References reflist Wikispecies Dorsilopha Category Drosophilidae Diptera stub it Drosophila Dorsilopha vi Dorsilopha ... more details
Two other uses the Drosophila gene the given name Oscar given name other uses Oscar disambiguation DISPLAYTITLE oskar oskar is a gene required for the development of the Drosophila embryo . It defines the Posterior anatomy posterior pole during early Drosophila embryogenesis embryogenesis . molecular biology stub Category Developmental genes and proteins ... more details
D. carbonaria may refer to Dactylolabis carbonaria , a crane fly species in the genus Dactylolabis Diglossa carbonaria , the grey bellied flowerpiercer, a bird species found in Argentina and Bolivia Drosophila carbonaria , a fly species in the genus List of Drosophila species Drosophila See also Carbonaria disambiguation Species Latin name abbreviation disambiguation ... more details
Italictitle Taxobox name Dudaica regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Fly Diptera familia Drosophilidae genus Drosophila subgenus Dudaica subgenus authority Strand, 1943 type species Drosophila senilis type species authority Duda, 1926 subdivision ranks species subdivision Drosophila malayana Drosophila senilis The subgenus Dudaica belongs to genus Drosophila and consists of two species, ref cite web author G. B chli year 1999 2010 title TaxoDros The Database on Taxonomy of Drosophilidae url http taxodros.unizh.ch accessdate May 25, 2010 ref ref cite journal author E. Strand year 1943 title Miscellanea nomenclatorica zoologica et palaeontologica XII journal Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica volume 12 pages 211 216 ref Drosophila malayana Takada, 1976 and Drosophila senilis Duda, 1926. References reflist Category Drosophilidae Diptera stub it Drosophila Dudaica vi Dudaica ... more details
familia Drosophilidae subfamilia Drosophilinae genus Drosophila subgenus Sophophora subgenus authority Alfred Sturtevant Sturtevant , 1939 type species Drosophila melanogaster type species authority Johann Wilhelm Meigen Meigen , 1830 subdivision ranks species groups subdivision Drosophila ananassae species group ananassae Drosophila dentissima species group dentissima Drosophila dispar species group dispar Drosophila fima species group fima Drosophila melanogaster species group melanogaster Drosophila montium species group montium Drosophila obscura species group obscura Drosophila populi species group populi Drosophila saltans species group saltans Drosophila setifemur species group setifemus Drosophila willistoni species group willistoni The paraphyletic subgenus Sophophora of the genus Drosophila was first described by Alfred Sturtevant in 1939. ref Sturtevant, A. H. 1939 . On the subdivision of the genus Drosophila . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 25, 137 141. ref It contains the best known drosophilid species, Drosophila melanogaster ... position of the subgenus Lordiphosa of the genus Drosophila Diptera Drosophilidae inferred ... 1 Clade 1 Clade 1 Clade 1 Drosophila melanogaster species group melanogaster species group 2 Drosophila montium species group montium species group 2 Clade 1 Drosophila ananassae species group ananassae species group 2 Drosophila fima species group fima species group 2 Drosophila obscura species group obscura species group label2 New World 2 Clade 1 Clade 1 Drosophila willistoni species group willistoni species group 2 Drosophila saltans species group saltans species group .... & Lachaise, D. 2007 . A phylogeny of Drosophilidae using the Amyrel gene questioning the Drosophila melanogaster species group Drosophila melanogaster species group boundaries. Journal of Zoological ... more details
orphan date April 2008 Shavenbaby or ovo is a gene first studied in Drosophila . It is required for cuticular development. genetics stub Category Genes ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Faint little ball flb is a gene first studied in Drosophila . It is crucial for interactions that occur in the ectoderm at an early stage. genetics stub Category Genes ... more details
Italictitle Automatic taxobox taxon Siphlodora subgenus authority Patterson and Mainland, 1944 type species Drosophila sigmoides type species authority Loew, 1872 subdivision ranks species subdivision Drosophila flexa Drosophila sigmoides The subgenus Siphlodora belongs to genus Drosophila and consists of two species ref B chli, G. 1999 2010 . TaxoDros The Database on Taxonomy of Drosophilidae. Available at http taxodros.unizh.ch ref that share a sigmoid shaped posterior crossvein. ref Vilela, C. R. & B chli, G. 2000 . Morphological and ecological notes on the two species of Drosophila belonging to the subgenus Siphlodora Patterson & Mainland, 1944 Diptera, Drosophilidae . Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 73, 23 47. ref Phylogenetically, the subgenus is positioned within the virilis repleta radiation virilis repleta radiation . ref Remsen, J. & O Grady, P. 2002 . Phylogeny of Drosophilinae Diptera Drosophilidae , with comments on combined analysis and character support. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 24, 249 264. ref ref van der Linde, K., Houle, D., Spicer, G. S. & Steppan, S. J. 2010 . A supermatrix based molecular phylogeny of the family Drosophilidae. Genetics Research 92, 25 38. ref References reflist Category Drosophilidae Diptera stub it Drosophila Siphlodora vi Siphlodora ... more details
wikispecies Terminalia can refer to Terminalia plant Terminalia plant , a tree genus Terminalia mosquito Terminalia mosquito , a mosquito genus a Roman festival to the god of boundaries Terminus mythology Terminus the terminal regions the acron in the anterior and the telson in the posterior in insects see for instance regional specification Drosophila regional specification in Drosophila melanogaster Polyscias terminalia , a plant species in the genus Polyscias disambig Category Genus disambiguation pages Category Latin words found in species names ca Termin lia desambiguaci ... more details
X hyperactivation refers to the process in Drosophila by which the structural gene s of the male X chromosome are transcribed at the same rate as the two X chromosomes of the female combined. References Cite journal author Birchler JA, Pal Bhadra M, Bhadra U title Dosage dependent gene regulation and the compensation of the X chromosome in Drosophila males journal Genetica year 2003 pages 179 90 volume 117 issue 2 3 pmid 12723697 doi 10.1023 A 1022935927763 Category Genetics Genetics stub ... more details
Wiktionarypar labial Labial from Latin Labium disambiguation Labium may refer to the lip s the labia genitalia Labial gene , a gene in Drosophila melanogaster In linguistics, a labial consonant In zoology, the labial scales See also lookfrom labial intitle labial Disambig ... more details
italictitle Kr ppel is a gap gene originally described in Drosophila melanogaster , which encodes a zinc finger transcription factor with four tandemly repeated zinc finger domains. ref OMIM 165220 ref Kr ppel means, literally, cripple in German, named for the crippled appearance of mutant larva. Kr ppel regulates the expression of several other gap genes. ref http www.flybase.org allied data lk interactive fly segment kruppel1.htm Interactive Fly, Drosophila Bot generated title ref See also Kruppel like factors which have been recently investigated in the heart but are well characterized for their role in carcinogenesis. References references External links http www.bio.davidson.edu courses MolBio fly embryred.jpeg Diagram at Davidson College a Drosophila embryo at the cellular blastoderm stage triple labeled for three segmentation proteins including Kr ppel in blue Hairy green and Giant red . External links MeshName Kruppel protein, Drosophila DEFAULTSORT Kruppel Category Genetics genetics stub es Kr ppel ... more details
ENAH may refer to ENAH gene , a gene Enabled homolog Drosophila located on chromosome 1 in humans Escuela Nacional de Antropolog a e Historia , the national educational institute for anthropological and historical studies in Mexico City, Mexico disambig de ENAH ... more details
Schneider 2 cells , usually abbreviated as S2 cells , are one of the most commonly used Drosophila melanogaster cell lines. S2 cells were derived from a primary culture of late stage 20 24 hours old Drosophila melanogaster embryos ref cite journal author Schneider I title Cell Lines Derived from Late Embryonic Stages of Drosophila melanogaster journal J. Embryol. Exp. Morph. year 1972 volume 27 issue pages 363 365 pmid ref , likely from a macrophage like lineage. S2 cells can be grown at room temperature both as a semi adherent monolayer or in suspension, and they can be grown in the absence of serum ref cite manual author Invitrogen title Drosophila Schneider 2 S2 Cells section sectionurl version Version F publisher Invitrogen date 05 02 2002 url http tools.invitrogen.com content sfs manuals schneidercells man.pdf format PDF id 28 0172 accessdate 02 25 2012 quote pages ref ref . References references Category Cell lines ... more details
expert subject Genetics date May 2008 unreferenced date May 2008 The X A ratio is the ratio between the X chromosome and the number of sets of autosome s in an organism . This ratio is used primarily for determining sex of drosophila flies. Generally, a 1 1 ratio results in a female and a 1 2 ratio results in a male. When calculating the ratio, Y chromosomes are ignored. For example, for a triploid drosophila that has XXX, the ratio is 1 1 3 Xs to 3 autosomes, since it is a triploid . For a diploid drosophila that has XY, the ratio is 1 2 1 X to 2 autosomes, since it is diploid . Category Genetics ... more details
Wiktionary Fruit fly may refer to several organisms Tephritidae , a family of large, colorfully marked flies including agricultural pests Drosophilidae , a family of smaller flies, including Drosophila , the genus of small fruit flies and vinegar flies Drosophila melanogaster , often called the common fruit fly , which is an important model organism in modern biology Drosophila suzukii , often called the Asian fruit fly , native to southeast Asia and an invasive species in North America Fruit fly may also refer to Fruit Fly film Fruit Fly film , 2009 film directed by H. P. Mendoza LGBT slang with a meaning similar to fag hag disambiguation es Mosca de la fruta desambiguaci n id Lalat buah ka nl Fruitvlieg zh ... more details
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