Infobox Symptom Name Dyspnea Image Caption DiseasesDB 15892 ICD10 ICD10 R 06 0 r 00 ICD9 ICD9 786.09 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus 003075 eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D004417 Dyspnea IPAc en icon d s p ... g dyspnea.htm About.com Health s Disease and Condition content Dyspnea By Deborah Leader. Updated ... author Shiber JR, Santana J title Dyspnea journal Med. Clin. North Am. volume 90 issue 3 pages 453 ... The American Thoracic Society defines dyspnea as A subjective experience of breathing discomfort ... cite journal author American Heart Society title Dyspnea mechanisms, assessment, and management ... ref Other definitions describe it as difficulty in breathing , ref http www.thefreedictionary.com dyspnea ... simplepage.cfm?ID 825557022 title dyspnea General Practice Notebook work accessdate ref Dyspnea is distinct from labored breathing , which is a common physical presentation of respiratory ... for poisoning specific agent dyspnea 25103 154 100.html ref The most common cardiovascular causes ... dyspnea . ref name Shiber06 It affects between 1 2 of the general United States population and occurs ... with dyspnea, tachycardia, elevated jugular venous pressure, and pulsus paradoxus . ref name ..., usually presents with exertional dyspnea, fatigue, weakness, and tachycardia. ref name Will2010 ... url ref It is thought that three main components contribute to dyspnea afferent signals ... compares the afferent and efferent signals and dyspnea results when a mismatch occurs between ... to the brain. Afferent neurons significant in dyspnea arise from a large number of sources including ... respiratory muscle action could all contribute to a feeling of dyspnea. ref name Harrisons Efferent ... signals. If the level of respiration is inappropriate for the body s status then dyspnea might occur. There is also a psychological component to dyspnea, as some people may become aware of their breathing in such circumstances but not experience the distress typical of dyspnea. ref name Harrisons ... more details
unreferenced date March 2012 Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea refers to attacks of severe Dyspnea shortness of breath and coughing that generally occur at night, usually awakening the person from sleep, and may be quite frightening. Though simple orthopnea may be relieved by sitting upright at the side of the bed with legs dependent, in the patient with paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, coughing and wheezing often persist even in this position. Causes Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea may be caused in part by the depression of the respiratory center during sleep, which may reduce arterial oxygen tension, particularly in patients with interstitial lung disease and reduced pulmonary compliance . Also, in the horizontal position there is redistribution of blood volume from the lower extremities and splanchnic beds to the lungs. In normal individuals this has little effect, but in patients in whom the additional volume cannot be pumped out by the left ventricle because of disease, there is a significant reduction in vital capacity and pulmonary compliance with resultant shortness of breath. Additionally, in patients with Heart failure congestive heart failure the pulmonary circulation may already be overloaded because the failing left ventricle is suddenly unable to match the output of a more normally functioning right ventricle causing pulmonary congestion . It is, also, important to note that left sided heart failure can lead to right sided heart failure. Pulmonary congestion decreases when the patient assumes a more erect position, and this is accompanied by an improvement in symptoms. Treatment Treatment for paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea depends on the underlying cause. Options often include oxygen, diuretics, heart medications, antihypertensives, and bronchodilators to reverse wheezing. Category Respiratory diseases ... more details
, if conscious, may experience dyspnea, yet without having any labored breathing or tachypnea. The other way around, labored breathing or tachypnea can voluntarily be performed even when there is no dyspnea ... more details
Trepopnea is dyspnea shortness of breath that is sensed while lying on one side but not on the other. ref Citation last Tsunezuka first Yoshio last2 Sato first2 Hideo last3 Tsukioka first3 Toshihide last4 Shimizu first4 Hiroshi year 2000 title Trepopnea due to recurrent lung cancer journal Respiration volume 67 issue 1 pages 98 100 pmid 10705272 doi 10.1159 000029472 ref It results from disease of one lung , one major bronchus , or chronic heart failure congestive heart failure . Patients with trepopnea from lung disease prefer to lie on the opposite side of the diseased lung, as the gravity gravitation increases perfusion of the lower lung. Increased perfusion in diseased lung would increase shunting and hypoxemia, resulting in worsening shortness of breath. To maximize function of the healthier lung, the patient is best to lie on the side of the healthier lung, so that it receives adequate perfusion. Patients with chronic heart failure prefer to lie mostly on the left side, to enable a better blood return, whereby cardiac output is augmented. Other types of positional dyspnea include orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea . Rates of breathing are described with the terms eupnea , bradypnea slow , and tachypnea fast . References reflist Category Abnormal respiration Category Symptoms and signs Respiratory system disease stub es Trepopnea pt Trepopneia ... more details
dabconcept Respiratory distress may refer to either both Labored breathing , the physical presentation of respiratory distress Shortness of breath or dyspnea a sensation of respiratory distress See also List of terms of lung size and activity Acute respiratory distress syndrome , a serious reaction to various forms of injuries to the lung Infant respiratory distress syndrome , a syndrome in premature infants caused by developmental insufficiency of surfactant production and structural immaturity in the lungs MEGF10 disambiguation ... more details
In medicine , platypnea refers to shortness of breath dyspnea that is relieved when lying down, ref DorlandsDict six 000083340 platypnea ref and worsens when sitting or standing up. It is the opposite of orthopnea . The word is derived from the Greek language Greek platus flat and pnoia breath . Causes left atrial thrombus left atrial tumors pulmonary A V Fistula Platypnea is due to either hepatopulmonary syndrome or an anatomical cardiovascular defect increasing positional right to left shunt ing bloodflow from the right to the left part of the circulatory system . These defects include rare syndromes in which the venous blood from the liver does not pass through the lungs, or if venous blood from the portal circulation reaches the inferior vena cava without passing through the liver Abernethy malformation , type 1 . Insufficiency of abdominal muscles causes lower diaphragm position and dyspnea. In clinostatism, abdominal organs push the diaphragm in its normal, upper position, reducing the respiratory effort. Fact date May 2008 References reflist Circulatory and respiratory system symptoms and signs Category Abnormal respiration med stub es Platipnea fr Platypn e ... more details
Hoose is a disease of sheep , cattle , goat s, and swine caused by the presence of various species of nematode s of the genus genera Dictyocaulus , Metastrongylus , and Protostrongylus in the bronchial tubes or in the lung s. It is marked by cough, dyspnea , anorexia symptom anorexia and constipation . Also called verminous bronchitis .apv References cite book author Flint, Charles Louis title Milch Cows And Dairy Farming Comprising The Breeds, Breeding, And Management, In Health And Disease, Of Dairy And Other Stock, The Selection Of Milch Cows, With A Full Explanation Of Guenon s Method The Culture Of Forage Plants, And The Production Of Milk, Butter and Cheese year 1859 location Boston, MA publisher Phillips, Sampson and Company isbn 1 4086 2818 X page 286 Category Animal diseases Category Veterinary helminthology veterinary med stub no Lungeorminfeksjon ... more details
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease EHD is an orbivirus that infects White tailed Deer in the northeastern and midwestern United States. The virus is transmitted by the Culicoides biting midge. The EHD virus is closely related to the Bluetongue virus and crossreacts with it on many blood tests. The virus has an incubation period of approximately one week, during which the animal may transmit the virus to biting midges. After the development of symptoms which include internal hemorrhage, weakness, high fever, bruising, and dyspnea the animal dies within eight 36 hours. External links http www.ohiodnr.com Wildlife Hunting deer ehd.htm Ohio Department of Natural Resources http www.michigan.gov dnr 0,1607,7 153 10370 12150 12220 26647 ,00.html Michigan Department of Natural Resources virus stub even toed ungulate stub Category Animal diseases pl Krwotoczna choroba zwierzyny p owej ... more details
Hemorrhagic septicemia is an acute pasteurellosis , which occurs notably in cattle and water buffalo , and to lesser degrees in other ruminant s as well as other animals. It is caused by Pasteurella multocida bacteria, and can be rapidly fatal. ref http www.merckvetmanual.com mvm index.jsp?cfile htm bc 55600.htm The Merck Veterinary Manual, Hemorrhagic Septicemia Introduction ref It is characterized by a sudden onset of high fever, dyspnea , salivation , hot painful subcutaneous swellings and submucosal petechia e and death in about 24 hours. ref http medical dictionary.thefreedictionary.com hemorrhagic septicemia The Free Dictionary, Hemorrhagic ref See also Septicemia presence of microorganisms in the blood Avian hemorrhagic septicemia pasteurellosis in birds and fowl Viral hemorrhagic septicemia unrelated viral infection of fish References reflist veterinary med stub Category Animal diseases hi ... more details
Orphan date March 2011 An anginal equivalent is a symptom such as shortness of breath dyspnea , diaphoresis , extreme fatigue, or pain at a site other than the chest, occurring in a patient at high cardiac risk. Anginal equivalents are considered to be symptoms of myocardial ischemia . Anginal equivalents are considered to have the same importance as angina pectoris in patients presenting with elevation of cardiac enzymes or certain EKG changes which are diagnostic of myocardial ischemia. ref http circ.ahajournals.org cgi reprint CIRCULATIONAHA.107.185752 Journal on Circulation ref References references Category Abnormal respiration Category Respiratory diseases Category Medical terms ... more details
wiktionary DOE doe Doe may refer to TOC right An adult female in some animal species see List of animal names Doe people , a people of coastal Tanzania Doe language , spoken by the Doe people Doe River , a river in Tennessee, USA Defying Ocean s End , a 2004 global agenda for action in marine conservation Duke of Edinburgh , a dukedom associated with Edinburgh, Scotland The Duke of Edinburgh s Award , a program of activities in the United Kingdom for persons aged 14 to 25 Payroll Deduction Or Earning Music Doe song Doe song , by The Breeders on the 1990 debut album Pod D.O.E. , American rapper Science, technology, and medicine Design of experiments , a statistical approach to experimental design Diagram of effects, a tool for reasoning about nonlinear system s Diffractive Optical Element Distributed Objects Everywhere , a distributed computing project by Sun Microsystems Dodecahedron , a Platonic solid Dyspnea on exertion, or exertional dyspnea Law Doctrine of equivalents in patent law Date of effect, the date an event comes into effect, used in contract s Date of execution, the date a death penalty is intended to be carried out People Samuel Doe 1951 1990 , president of Liberia 1980 1990 John Doe or Jane Doe a name used as a placeholder for an unknown or anonymous person, especially in a legal context Government departments Department of Education disambiguation in several countries Department of Energy disambiguation in several countries Department of the Environment disambiguation in several countries See also Do disambiguation Doh disambiguation disambiguation de DoE fr Doe ko DOE it DOE ja DOE ... more details
Taxobox color violet name Varicellovirus image image caption virus group i familia Herpesviridae subfamilia Alphaherpesvirinae genus Varicellovirus Caused By BHV 5 Bovine Encephalitis Virus Bovine Encephalitis Herpesvirus Introduction Bovine herpesvirus 5 is virus species of the Varicellovirus genus and Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily. It causes meningoencephalitis and respiratory disease in cattle and sheep. As with all herpes viruses latent infection can occur, with recrudescence at times of stressed and or immunosuppression. Sites of latency include the CNS and mucosae of the nose and trachea . The disease has been documented in South America, USA, Australia, Germany and Hungary. Disease is most common in calves up to ten months of age . Clinical Signs & Diagnosis Signs of respiratory disease include tachycardia and tachypnea with pyrexia , dyspnea , mucoid nasal discharge, hypersalivation and abnormal lung sounds . Systemic signs such as lethargy and Anorexia symptom anorexia are seen. Neurological signs are normally acute. These signs include opisthotonus , hyperaesthesia , abnormal behaviour, ataxia , head pressing, blindness , proprioception proprioceptive deficits , coma and seizures . Sudden death occurs in neonates. Subacute disease almost always fatal, causing depression, anorexia, ataxia and a pronounced dyspnea. Animals that recover from the infection or become infected following BHV 1 infection become latent carriers. To diagnose infection, the virus is identified using specific monoclonal antibodies , PCR or ELISA . Neurological lesions should be identifiable on autopsy postmortem examination . Treatment & Control There is currently no treatment or specific vaccine for BHV 5, but BHV 1 vaccines seem to provide some cross protection. See also Bovine herpesvirus disambiguation Bovine herpesvirus 1 Bovine herpesvirus 2 Bovine herpesvirus 4 References Bovine Herpesvirus 5, reviewed and published by WikiVet at http en.wikivet.net Bovine Herpesvirus 5, accesse ... more details
PERC may stand for Political and Economic Research Council Policy and Economic Research Council , a Durham, North Carolina based economic policy think tank Pan European Regional Council the European trade union arm of the International Trade Union Confederation Property and Environment Research Center , a free market environmentalist think tank Dell PowerEdge PowerEdge Expandable RAID Controller, a piece of Dell, Inc. computer hardware Palisades Emergency Residence Corporation Nonprofit Social Service Organization Pulmonary Embolism Rule out Criteria , or PERC Rule is a clinical decision making tool to aid in the diagnosis of chest pain and or dyspnea. Play Education Resources Childcare , a not for profit charity run Family Centre in Liverpool Perc may refer to Tetrachloroethylene , also called perchloroethylene or perc, a chemical widely used for dry cleaning and metal degreasing Slang for percocet disambig ... more details
PND can stand for Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea , a breathing disorder related to congestive heart failure Penalty notice for disorder , an on the spot fine issued by British police for low level anti social offenses Peoria Notre Dame High School , college preparatory high school academy in Peoria, Illinois Personal navigation assistant Personal navigation device , a portable positioning and navigation device Personennamendatei , name authority file Postnasal drip , excessive mucus produced by the sinuses Postpartum depression Postnatal depression , depression after childbirth Prenatal diagnosis , testing for diseases or conditions in a fetus or embryo before it is born Punta Gorda Airport IATA Code PND in Punta Gorda, Belize New Democracy Portugal Partido da Nova Democracia , a Portuguese political party National Democratic Party Djibouti Parti National D mocratique , a political party in Djibouti Project network Diagram, a method of organizing all the deliverables of a project Project Management disambig de PND es PND fa PND fr PND it PND nl PND pt PND ... more details
Following are terms that specify a type of lung size and or activity. More specific definitions may be found in individual articles. Eupnea normal breathing Apnea absence of breathing Bradypnea decreased breathing rate Dyspnea or shortness of breath sensation of respiratory distress Inhalation Hyperaeration Hyperaeration Hyperinflation increased lung volume Hyperpnea fast and deep breathing Hyperventilation increased breathing that causes CO sub 2 sub loss Hypopnea slow and shallow breathing Hypoventilation decreased breathing that causes CO sub 2 sub gain Labored breathing physical presentation of respiratory distress Tachypnea increased breathing rate Orthopnea Breathlessness in lying down position relieved by sitting up or standing Platypnea Breathlessness when seated or standing, relieved by laying flat Trepopnea Breathlessness when laying flat relieved by laying in the left lateral position Ponopnea Painful breathing See also Control of respiration Circulatory and respiratory system symptoms and signs Category Lung ... more details
wiktionary TDI may stand for Medicine Transitional Dyspnea Index Chemistry Tolerable Daily Intake used in toxicology , Toluene diisocyanate , an organic chemical Entertainment Total Drama Island , an animated reality series that started July 8, 2007 Tangerine Dream Independent is the record label belonging to Edgar Froese of Tangerine Dream Methods Tabbed document interface , a type of graphical user interface Telecom Data Intelligence , ability to extract detailed customer profiling data Time Delay and Integration , timing synchronization in an image sensor Tissue doppler imaging , or doppler echocardiography , a type of cardiac imaging technique via ultrasound Transport Driver Interface , used by NT series Windows to abstract level 7 APIs into a common protocol for the Transport Protocol layer Trophic Diatom Index uses the composition of freshwater diatom assemblages to assess water quality and ecological status Turbocharged Direct Injection , a diesel engine used in cars and light vans made by the Volkswagen Group Organizations Technical Diving International , a technical diving organization Telecommunications for the Deaf, Inc. , a nonprofit organization promoting telecommunications devices for the deaf Texas Department of Insurance The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice , a subsidiary of Dartmouth College disambig da TDI de TDI es TDI fr TDI ko TDI it TDI nl TDI ja TDI pl TDI ru TDI sv TDI ... more details
Refimprove date April 2010 Image Dust Storm Texas 1935.jpg thumb A Dust Bowl era dust storm in Texas 1935 Dust pneumonia describes disorders caused by excessive exposure to dust storms , particularly during the Dust Bowl in the United States. ref http www.rmpbs.org panorama index.cfm entry 574 Dust pneumonia, the brown plague ref A form of pneumonia , dust pneumonia results when the lungs are filled with dust , inflaming the alveoli . The dust pneumonia was featured in the work of several musicians and artists of the day, such as Woody Guthrie s song Dust Pneumonia Blues . Symptoms of dust pneumonia include fever high fever , chest pain , Dyspnea difficulty in breathing , and coughing . People who had dust pneumonia often died. There are no official death rates published for the Great Plains in the 1930s, but American Red Cross Red Cross volunteers made and distributed thousands of dust masks. The Kansas State Board of Health reported that in April 1935, 17 people had already died from dust pneumonia. With dust pneumonia, dust settles all the way into the alveoli of the lungs, stopping the cilium cilia from moving and preventing the lungs from ever clearing themselves. See also Silicosis Dust storm Pneumonitis References Reflist Category Pneumonia Category History of the American West Category Great Depression in the United States Category Environmental disasters in the United States medical stub ... more details
Pauci immune is a general term used to refer to a form of vasculitis that is associated with minimal evidence of hypersensitivity upon immunofluorescence . They can be associated with Anti neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ANCA . ref name pmid19084310 cite journal author Boll e G, No l LH, Suarez F, et al. title Pauci immune crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with ANCA of IgA class journal Am. J. Kidney Dis. volume 53 issue 6 pages 1063 7 year 2009 month June pmid 19084310 doi 10.1053 j.ajkd.2008.10.039 url http linkinghub.elsevier.com retrieve pii S0272 6386 08 01604 1 ref An example is Wegener s granulomatosis . ref name urlFinal Diagnosis Case 51 cite web url http path.upmc.edu cases case51 dx.html title Final Diagnosis Case 51 work accessdate 2009 06 08 ref See also Systemic vasculitis Pauci immune peak incidences in 50 60 year olds symptoms include intermittent fever weight loss dyspnea arthalagia External links wikt paucity References reflist Systemic vasculitis Category Vascular related cutaneous conditions Cutaneous condition stub pt Pauci imune ... more details
Hashitoxicosis , which can be abbreviated Htx , ref name pmid15812459 cite journal author Nabhan ZM, Kreher NC, Eugster EA title Hashitoxicosis in children clinical features and natural history journal J. Pediatr. volume 146 issue 4 pages 533 6 year 2005 month April pmid 15812459 doi 10.1016 j.jpeds.2004.10.070 url http linkinghub.elsevier.com retrieve pii S0022347604010674 ref is a transient hyperthyroidism caused by inflammation associated with Hashimoto s thyroiditis disturbing the thyroid follicle s, resulting in excess release of thyroid hormone . ref Robins Basic Pathology ref Symptoms main hyperthyroidism Major clinical signs include weight loss often accompanied by an increased appetite , anxiety , intolerance to heat , fatigue physical fatigue , hair loss, weakness, hyperactivity, irritability, apathy , clinical depression depression , polyuria , polydipsia , delirium , and sweating. Additionally, patients may present with a variety of symptoms such as palpitations and arrhythmia s notably atrial fibrillation , shortness of breath dyspnea , loss of libido , nausea , vomiting , and diarrhea . Long term untreated hyperthyroidism can lead to osteoporosis . In the elderly, these classical symptoms may not be present. See also Hashimoto s thyroiditis thyroid hormone hyperthyroidism References reflist Endocrine pathology Category Thyroid disease ... more details
Multiple issues expert Medicine cleanup December 2009 date December 2009 Leukostasis aka symptomatic hyperleukocytosis ref name UpToDate cite web last Schiffer first Charles, MD title Hyperleukocytosis and Leukostasis url http www.uptodate.com contents hyperleukocytosis and leukostasis work UpToDate accessdate 25 May 2011 ref is a white blood cell count above 100,000 L. It is characterized by abnormal Blood vessel intravascular White blood cell leukocyte aggregation and clumping. It is most often seen in leukemia patients. The brain and lung s are the two most commonly affected organs. Occluded microcirculation causes local hypoxemia and hemorrage manifesting as headache, blurred vision, transient ischemic attacks, cerebrovascular accidents and dyspnea. It is an Acute medicine acute syndrome requiring aggressive Debulking cytoreductive Modality Medicine modalities including chemotherapy and or leukapheresis to both reduce the number of circulating leukocytes and to break apart any aggregates that have already formed. It is different from leukemic infiltration which is a Neoplasm neoplastic process where leukemic cells invade organs. ref cite web url http www.nlm.nih.gov mesh meshhome.html title Leukostasis date 1995 06 01 work Medical Subject Headings, 2009 2009 02 13 publisher accessdate ref References reflist Category Leukemia fr Leucostase ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Cardiac asthma Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 I 50 1 i 30 ICD9 ICD9 428.1 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D004418 Cardiac asthma is a medical symptom , of wheezing, coughing or dyspnea shortness of breath which may be due to congestive heart failure . It is known as cardiac asthma because the symptoms may mimic asthma . One study found one third of all patients involved who have symptoms of cardiac asthma also have congestive heart failure . ref name pmid17498318 cite journal author Jorge S, Becquemin MH, Delerme S, Bennaceur M, Isnard R, Achkar R et al. title Cardiac asthma in elderly patients incidence, clinical presentation and outcome. journal BMC Cardiovasc Disord year 2007 volume 7 issue pages 16 pmid 17498318 doi 10.1186 1471 2261 7 16 pmc PMC1878501 url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov entrez eutils elink.fcgi?dbfrom pubmed&tool sumsearch.org cite&retmode ref&cmd prlinks&id 17498318 ref Depending on the severity of the symptoms, it can be classified as a medical emergency as it is a symptom of heart failure leading to the build up of fluids in the lungs pulmonary edema and in and around the airways. Asthma is very different in this sense as true asthma is caused by the inflammation and eventual narrowing down of airways. This is what causes the breathing difficulties that is characteristic to asthma. Asthma has nothing to do with fluid in the lungs or heart disease or even heart failure which is so associated with Cardiac Asthma. The Distinction between true asthma and cardiac asthma is especially important because using treatments for true asthma including inhalers in the assumption that the child actually has Asthma may actually worsen cardiac asthma and cause severe heart rhythmic issues. Popular culture In Season 6, Episode 8 of Grey s Anatomy a patient is rushed to the operating room after presenting in the emergency department with cardiac asthma. See also Dyspnea Trepopnea Congestive heart failure Referenc ... more details
, reduces the amount of oxygen that can enter the blood, and causes shortness of breath dyspnea ... and sleeping difficult paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea . Complications Congestive heart failure is the most ... more details
Many different conditions can lead to the feeling of dyspnea shortness of breath . DiagnosisPro , an online medical expert system, listed 497 in October 2010. ref http en.diagnosispro.com differential diagnosis for poisoning specific agent dyspnea 25103 154 100.html ref The most common cardiovascular causes are acute myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure while common pulmonary causes include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , asthma , pneumothorax , and pneumonia . ref name Shiber06 cite journal author Shiber JR, Santana J title Dyspnea journal Med. Clin. North Am. volume 90 issue 3 pages 453 79 year 2006 month May pmid 16473100 doi 10.1016 j.mcna.2005.11.006 url ref Pulmonary div class references medium style moz column count 2 column count 2 Obstructive lung diseases Asthma Bronchitis Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Cystic fibrosis Emphysema Hookworm disease Diseases of lung parenchyma and pleura Contagious Anthrax through inhalation of Bacillus anthracis Pneumonia Non contagious Fibrosing alveolitis Atelectasis Hypersensitivity pneumonitis Interstitial lung disease Lung cancer Pleural effusion Pneumoconiosis Pneumothorax Non cardiogenic pulmonary edema or acute respiratory distress syndrome Sarcoidosis Pulmonary vascular diseases Acute or recurrent Pulmonary embolism pulmonary emboli Pulmonary hypertension , primary or secondary Pulmonary veno occlusive disease Superior vena cava syndrome div Other causes div class references medium style moz column count 2 column count 2 Obstruction of the airway Cancer of the larynx or pharynx Empty nose syndrome Pulmonary aspiration Epiglottitis Larynx Laryngeal edema Vocal cord dysfunction Immobilization of the diaphragm Lesion of the phrenic nerve Polycystic liver disease Tumor in the diaphragm Restriction of the chest volume Ankylosing spondylitis Bone fracture Broken ribs Kyphosis of the spine Obesity Pectus excavatum Scoliosis Disorders of the cardiovascular system Aortic dissection Cardiomyopathy Congenital ... more details
Intermittent positive pressure breathing IPPB is a respiratory therapy treatment for people who are hypoventilation hypoventilating . While not a preferred method due to cost, ref cite journal author Thomas JA, McIntosh JM title Are incentive spirometry, intermittent positive pressure breathing, and deep breathing exercises effective in the prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications after upper abdominal surgery? A systematic overview and meta analysis journal Phys Ther year 1994 volume 74 issue 1 pages 3 16 ref IPPB is used to provide expand the lungs, deliver aerosol medications, and in some circumstances mechanical ventilation ventilate the patient. ref cite journal author Handelsman H journal Health Technology Assessment Reports title Intermittent positive pressure breathing IPPB therapy year 1991 issue 1 pages 1 9 pmid 1810351 ref Indications IPPB may be indicated for patients who are at risk for developing atelectasis and who are unable or unwilling to deep breathe without assistance. ref cite book author Shelledy DC, Mikles SP contribution Patient assessment and respiratory care plan development. editors Mishoe SC, Welch MA Jr title Critical thinking in respiratory care location New York publisher McGraw Hill year 2001 isbn 978 0 07 134474 6 ref In patients with severe lung hyperinflation, IPPB may decrease dyspnea and discomfort during nebulized therapy. ref cite journal author Janssens JP, de Muralt B, Titelion V title Management of dyspnea in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease journal J Pain Sympt Manage year 2000 volume 19 issue 5 pages 378 92 doi 10.1016 S0885 3924 00 00129 9 ref Complications Most contraindications are relative, such as nausea, hemodynamic instability, ref cite journal author Schilling JP, Kasik JE title Intermittent positive pressure breathing a continuing controversy journal J Iowa Med Soc year 1980 volume 70 issue 3 pages 99 100, 102 103 ref trachea l fistula , singulation and hemoptysis . ref cite journal author S ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
