Image Ecozone Australasia.svg thumb The Australasia Ecozone according to the World Wide Fund for Nature WWF The Australasian zone is an ecozone ecological region that is coincident, but not synonymous by some definitions , with the geography geographic region of Australasia . Citation needed date January 2010 The ecozone includes Australia , the island of New Guinea including Papua New Guinea and the Indonesia n province of Papua Indonesia Papua , and the eastern part of the Indonesian archipelago, including the island of Sulawesi , the Moluccan islands the Indonesian provinces of Maluku province Maluku and North Maluku and islands of Lombok , Sumbawa , Sumba , Flores , and Timor , often known as the Lesser Sundas. The Australasian ecozone also includes several Pacific island groups, including the Bismarck Archipelago , Vanuatu , the Solomon Islands , and New Caledonia . New Zealand and its surrounding islands are a distinctive sub region of the Australasian ecozone. The rest of Indonesia is part of the Indomalaya n ecozone. ref http www.worldwildlife.org wildworld profiles terrestrial aa.html ref Note that this zonation is based on flora animal s do not necessarily follow the same biogeographic boundaries. In the present case, many bird s occur in both Indomalayan and Australasian regions, but not across the whole of either. On the other hand, there are few faunistic commonalities shared only by Australia and New Zealand, except some birds. Meanwhile, Australia, Melanesia and the Wallacea are united by a large share of similar animals, but few of these occur farther into the Pacific &ndash but on the other hand, much of the Polynesia n fauna is related to that of Melanesia. See also Australasia Oceania References Reflist External links commons inline Australasia http www.panda.org ... ecozone Category Biogeography of Australia Category Australasian ecozone ca Zona austral sia ... ja pl Kraina australijska simple Australasian ecozone sr Notogea sv Australiska regionen ... more details
An ecozone is the broadest biogeography biogeographic division of the Earth s land surface, based on distributional ... mountain range s, that constitute barriers to migration. As such, ecozone designations are used ... by similar climax vegetation . Each ecozone may include a number of different biomes. A Tropical and subtropical ... class wikitable rowspan 2 Ecozone colspan 2 Area rowspan 2 Notes million square kilometres million square miles Palearctic ecozone Palearctic convert 54.1 km2 disp table including the bulk of Eurasia and North Africa Nearctic ecozone Nearctic convert 22.9 km2 disp table including most of North America Afrotropic ecozone Afrotropic convert 22.1 km2 disp table including Sub Saharan Africa Neotropic ecozone Neotropic convert 19.0 km2 disp table including South America , Central America , and the Caribbean Australasia ecozone Australasia convert 7.6 km2 disp table including Australia , New Guinea ... line . Indomalaya ecozone Indo Malaya convert 7.5 km2 disp table including the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia Oceania ecozone Oceania convert 1.0 km2 disp table including Polynesia except New Zealand , Micronesia , and the Fijian Islands Antarctic ecozone Antarctic convert 0.3 km2 disp ... ecozone Australasia legend a18fa4 Neotropic legend f9f9f9 Oceania ecozone Oceania and Antarctic ecozone ... Udvardy Udvardy s system, the chief difference being the delineation of the Australasian ecozone relative to the Antarctic, Oceanic, and Indomalayan ecozones. In the WWF system, The Australasia ecozone ... the species level genus, family . The WWF bioregions are as follows Afrotropic ecozone Afrotropic Antarctic ecozone Antarctic Australasia ecozone Australasia Australia New Caledonia New Guinea and East Melanesian Islands New Zealand Wallacea Indomalaya ecozone Indomalaya Indian subcontinent Indochina ... Andes Orinoco Bioregion Orinoco Southern South America Oceania ecozone Oceania Micronesia Polynesia Palearctic ecozone Palearctic Asia East Asia north of the Himalayas Himalayan system s foothills to the arctic ... more details
The Prairies Ecozone is a Canada Canadian terrestrial Ecozones of Canada ecozone which spans the southern areas of the Canadian Prairies Prairie provinces of Alberta , Saskatchewan , and Manitoba . It is a productive agriculture agricultural area, and is commonly referred to as Canada s breadbasket . ref name overview Cite web url http www.environnement canada.ca soer ree English vignettes Terrestrial pr default.cfm title Great Plains work Prairies Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 04 ref Farmland covers about 94 of the land, and is the dominant domestic economic activity of the zone, as well as an important factor in Canadian foreign trade. ref name overview Natural gas and oil are abundant in the area. The corresponding Level II ecoregion of the US Environmental Protection Agency is the List of ecoregions in the United States EPA Northwestern Forested Mountains Great Plains Ecoregion . Despite the predominance of farming , less than 10 of the population is involved in agriculture. It is a highly urbanized area, with all major population centres of these provinces located in this ecozone. These include Edmonton , Calgary , Regina, Saskatchewan Regina , Saskatoon ... Row.jpg right thumb 250px Following Alberta s border with British Columbia , this ecozone is adjacent .... The ecozone transformed into a relatively treeless grassland following the last glacial retreat ... ree English vignettes Terrestrial pr land.cfm title Landforms and Climate of the Prairies Ecozone work Prairies Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 04 ref The Stratum strata of sedimentary ... with rich reservoirs of oil and gas . ref name landforms Protected areas Within this ecozone are a number ... apprendre learn prof itm2 crp trc htm ecozone e.asp title Terrestrial Ecozones of Canada work Teacher ... National Park Climate Because of its location east of the Rocky Mountains , the Prairies ecozone ... colder eastward to about convert 17 C . The prairie ecozone is flat to rolling plains for its ... more details
Refimprove date April 2012 The Indomalaya ecozone is one of the eight ecozone s that cover the planet s land surface. It extends across most of South Asia South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia . File Ecozone Indomalaya.svg thumb 400px The Indomalaya Ecozone Also called the Oriental Realm by biogeography biogeographers , Indomalaya extends from Afghanistan through the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia to lowland southern China , and through Indonesia as far as Java island Java , Bali , and Borneo , east of which lies the Wallace line , the ecozone boundary named after Alfred Russel Wallace which separates Indomalaya from Australasia ecozone Australasia . Indomalaya also includes the Philippines , lowland Taiwan , and Japan s Ryukyu Islands . Most of Indomalaya was originally covered by forest, mostly tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests , with tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests predominant in much of India and parts of Southeast Asia. The tropical moist forests of Indomalaya are dominated by trees of the dipterocarp family Dipterocarpaceae . Major ecological regions The World Wildlife Fund WWF divides Indomalaya into three bioregions, which it defines as geographic clusters of ecoregions that may span several habitat types, but have strong biogeographic affinities, particularly at taxonomic levels higher than the species level genus, family . Indian Subcontinent The Indian Subcontinent bioregion covers most of India , Bangladesh ... and tropical flora and fauna of the Indian subcontinent and the temperate climate Palearctic ecozone ... one another by narrow straits, allowing a botanic exchange between Indomalaya and Australasia ecozone ..., the colugo s Dermoptera and treeshrew s Scandentia , are endemic ecology endemic to the ecozone ... 7 00 N 97 00 E source kolossus cawiki display title Category Indomalaya ecozone Category Biogeography Category Terrestrial ecozone be ca Zona indomalaia es Regi n Indomalaya eo Hindomalaja ... more details
Image Ecozone Palearctic.svg thumb 400px The Palearctic ecozone. The Palearctic or Palaearctic is one of the eight ecozone s dividing the Earth s surface. Physically, the Palearctic is the largest ecozone. It includes the terrestrial ecoregion s of Europe , Asia north of the Himalaya foothills, northern Africa , and the northern and central parts of the Arabian Peninsula . Major ecological regions The Palearctic ecozone includes mostly boreal ecosystem boreal and temperate climate ecoregions, which run across Eurasia from western Europe to the Bering Sea . Euro Siberian region The boreal and temperate Euro Siberian region is the Palearctic s largest biogeography biogeographic region, which transitions from tundra in the northern reaches of Russia and Scandinavia to the vast taiga , the boreal coniferous forests which run across the continent. South of the taiga are a belt of temperate broadleaf and mixed forests and temperate coniferous forest s. This vast Euro Siberian region is characterized by many shared plant and animal species, and has many affinities with the temperate and boreal regions of the Nearctic ecoregion of North America . Eurasia and North America were often connected by the Bering land bridge, and have very similar mammal and bird fauna, with many Eurasian species having moved into North America, and fewer North American species having moved into Eurasia. Many zoologists consider the Palearctic and Nearctic to be a single Holarctic ecozone. The Palearctic and Nearctic also share many plant species, which botanists call the Arcto Tertiary Geoflora . Mediterranean Basin The lands bordering the Mediterranean Sea in southern Europe, north Africa, and western ... ecoregions in the palearctic ecozone other biogeographers identify the ecozone boundary as the transition ... Vietnam on Fan Si Pan , 3140 m and the high mountains of Taiwan . Freshwater The ecozone contains ... Palearctic ecozone Category Terrestrial ecozone Category Biogeography Category Phytogeography ... more details
For the musical artist Neotropic band File Ecozone Neotropic.svg thumb 250 px The Neotropic Ecozone The Neotropic ecozone is one of the eight ecozone s dividing the Earth s surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregion s of both Americas and most of South America template zone. Overview In biogeography , the Neotropic or Neotropical zone is one of the eight terrestrial ecozone s. This ecozone includes South America South and Central America , the Mexican lowlands, the Caribbean islands, and southern Florida , because these regions share a large number of plant and animal groups. It is sometimes used as a synonym for the tropics tropical area of South America, Citation needed date February 2011 although the ecozone also includes temperate southern South America. The Neotropical Phytochorion Floristic Kingdom excludes southernmost South America, which instead is placed in the Antarctic Floristic Kingdom Antarctic Kingdom . The Neotropic is delimited by similarities in fauna or flora . Its fauna and flora are distinct from the Nearctic which includes most of North America because of the long separation of the two continents. The formation of the Isthmus of Panama ... tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests than any other ecozone, extending from southern Mexico ... Wide Fund for Nature WWF subdivides the ecozone into bioregion s , defined as geographic clusters of ecoregions .... Endemic animals and plants Animals Thirty one bird families are endemic to the Neotropical ecozone, over twice the number of any other ecozone. They include rhea bird rheas , tinamou s, curassow ... ecozone, more than any other ecozone Reis et al., 2003 . Neotropical fishes include more than ... Alliance http www.neotropic.ru NeoTropic Biomes floristic regions DEFAULTSORT Neotropic Ecozone Category Neotropic ecozone Category Neotropic ecozone flora Category Biogeography Category Terrestrial ecozone Category Floristic kingdoms Category Phytogeography Category Tropical flora be ... more details
between these continents, and the Nearctic ecozone shares many plants and animals with the Palearctic . The two ecozones are sometimes included in a single Holarctic ecozone. Many large animals, or megafauna ... . Island Press, Washington DC. Category Nearctic ecozone Category Nearctic ecozone flora Category Terrestrial ecozone Category Natural history of North America Category Biogeography Category Phytogeography ... more details
families like the protea s Proteaceae that are also found in the Australasia ecozone . Madagascar ... of the ecozone, with numerous endemic ecology endemic taxon taxa like the lemur s. Madagascar and the Seychelles ... ecozone is home to a number of endemic plant families. Ecoregions of Madagascar Madagascar and the Indian ... Ecozone Category Afrotropic ecozone Category Tropics Category Terrestrial ecozone Category Flora of Africa ... more details
See also Antarctic microorganisms Antarctica is one of eight terrestrial ecozone s. The ecosystem includes Antarctica and several island groups in the southern Atlantic Ocean Atlantic and Indian Ocean s. The continent of Antarctica is so cold and dry that it has supported virtually no vascular plants for millions of years, and its flora presently consists of around 250 lichen s, 100 moss es, 25 30 Marchantiophyta liverworts , and around 700 terrestrial and aquatic alga l species, which live on the areas of exposed rock and soil around the shore of the continent. Antarctica s two flowering plant species, the Antarctic hair grass Deschampsia antarctica and Antarctic pearlwort Colobanthus quitensis , are found on the northern and western parts of the Antarctic Peninsula . Antarctica is also home to a diversity of animal life, including penguin s, pinniped seals , and whale s. Several Antarctic island groups are considered part of the Antarctica ecozone, including South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands , South Orkney Islands , the South Shetland Islands , Bouvet Island , the Crozet Islands , Prince Edward Islands , Heard Island , the Kerguelen Islands , and the McDonald Islands . These islands have a somewhat milder climate than Antarctica proper, and support a greater diversity of tundra plants, although they are all too windy and cold to support trees. Antarctic krill is the keystone species of the ecosystem of the Southern Ocean , and is an important food organism for whale s, Seal mammal seals , Leopard Seal s, fur seal s, Crabeater Seal s, squid , icefish , penguin s, albatross es and many other bird s. The ocean there is so full of phytoplankton because around the ice continent water rises from the depths to the light flooded surface, bringing nutrient s from all ... ecozone Australasia , which were also former parts of Gondwana. Some botanists recognize ... 00 W source kolossus cawiki display title Category Antarctic ecozone Category Terrestrial ecozone Category ... more details
Unreferenced date June 2010 Oceania is one of the WWF ecozone s, and unique in not including any continent al land mass. The ecozone includes the Pacific Ocean islands of Micronesia , the Fiji Fijian Islands , and most of Polynesia with the exception of New Zealand . New Zealand and most of Melanesia , including New Guinea , Vanuatu , the Solomon Islands , and New Caledonia , are included, with Australia in the Australasia ecozone . Oceania is the smallest in land area of any of the ecozones. Geology Oceania , is geologically the youngest ecozone. While other ecozones include old continental land masses or fragments of continents, Oceania is composed mostly of volcanic high islands and Coral atoll s that arose from the sea in geologically recent times, many of them in the Pleistocene . They were created either by Hotspot geology hotspot volcanism, or as island arc s pushed upward by the collision and subduction of tectonic plate s. The islands range from tiny islets, sea stacks and coral atoll s to large mountainous islands, like Hawaii and Fiji . Climate The climate of Oceania s islands is tropical or subtropical, and range from humid to seasonally dry. Wetter parts of the islands are covered by Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests , while the drier parts of the islands, including the leeward sides of the islands and many of the low coral islands, are covered by Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests and Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands . Hawaii s high volcanoes, Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa , are home to some rare tropical Montane grasslands and shrublands . Flora and fauna Since the islands of Oceania were never connected by land to a continent, the flora and fauna of the islands originally reached them from across the ocean ... index.cfm Map of the ecozones DEFAULTSORT Oceania Ecozone Category Terrestrial ecozone Category Oceania ecozone Category Biogeography Category Biodiversity hotspots Category Aquatic ecology eo Pacifika ... more details
This article is about an ecozone . For the physiographic units covering roughly the same region please see Interior Mountains , Mackenzie Mountains , Muskwa Ranges , Yukon Plateau and Yukon Ranges . The Boreal Cordillera is a Canada Canadian terrestrial Ecozones of Canada ecozone occupying most of the northern third of British Columbia and southern half of the Yukon . Within it is found Kluane National Park and Reserve , and a small portion of the southern range of Nahanni National Park Reserve . ref ... Cordillera Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 07 Dead link date October 2010 ... Canada accessdate 2008 02 07 ref Geography This mountain ous ecozone is between the Montane Cordillera Ecozone CEC Montane Cordillera Ecozone to the south east and the Taiga Cordillera Ecozone CEC Taiga Cordillera Ecozone to the north. The three zones contain the Canadian Rockies . To the east are the Taiga Plains , and to the west is Alaska , though the ecozone is also adjacent to narrow strips ... Cordillera Ecozone publisher Parks Canada accessdate 2008 02 07 ref The northern plateaux within the ecozone have a fairly gentle terrain, broken by numerous watercourses running through them, and are separated ..., by type and age class,and wetlands in each ecozone work Criteria and Indicators of Sustainable ... forest. The ecozone contains four forest regions tundra, sub alpine, coast, and boreal. ref name ... table.html 2 title Table 1. Forest Regions and Principal Tree Species by Ecozone publisher Atlas ... BorealCordillera index e.html title Boreal Cordillera Ecozone work Forest Conditions Ecozone Reports publisher Natural Resources Canada accessdate 2008 02 07 archiveurl http web.archive.org ... Cordillera Ecozone work Boreal Cordillera Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 ... es and lichen s. ref name SfS Cite web url http www.spaceforspecies.ca resources ecozone canada title ... . ref name landforms Usually, however, the Pacific moderates the climate in this ecozone. References ... more details
This article is about an ecozone and should not be confused with articles covering the physiography physiographic regions covering the same area, which are the Canadian Rockies , Columbia Mountains , and portions of the Thompson Plateau . The Montane Cordillera is an Ecozones of Canada ecozone in south central British Columbia and southwestern Alberta , Canada an ecozone is equivalent to a List of ecoregions in the United States EPA Level I ecoregion in the United States . A rugged and mountainous Ecozones of Canada ecozone spanning 473,000 square kilometres, it still contains two of the few significant agricultural areas of the province , ref name fertile Cite web url http www.ec.gc.ca soer ree English vignettes Terrestrial mc human.cfm title Human Activities in the Montane Cordillera Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 01 31 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref the Creston Valley and the Okanagan Valley . Primarily a mountain ous region, it consists of rugged ecosystem s such as alpine tundra , dry sagebrush and dense conifer forests. ref name Cite web url http www.evergreen.ca nativeplants learn more montane cordillera.php title Montane Cordillera publisher Evergreen Native Plants Database accessdate 2008 01 31 ref The interior plain s are encircled by a ring ... ecozone11 e.pdf title Montane Cordillera Ecozone publisher Parks Canada accessdate 2008 01 31 ref ... name in the United States for this ecozone, where it is classed as a Level I ecoregion ... and Kootenay River Kootenay . Within the ecozone are also found dozens of provincial parks and seven ... itm2 crp trc htm ecozone e.asp title Terrestrial Ecozones of Canada work Teacher Resource Centre publisher ... Lakes National Park Yoho National Park It is bordered to the west by the Pacific Maritime Ecozone , to the north by the Boreal Cordillera Ecozone , to the northeast by the Boreal Plains Ecozone , and to the southeast by the Prairies ecozone Prairies Ecozone . References Reflist unused references ... more details
The Northern Arctic Ecozone is a Canada Canadian terrestrial Ecozones of Canada ecozone which includes most of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago , the northeast peninsula of Nunavut , and the northwestern tip of Quebec . Its marine borders are with the Arctic Archipelago Marine Ecozone CEC Arctic Archipelago Marine Ecozone , and it is adjacent to the mainland Southern Arctic Ecozone CEC Southern Arctic Ecozone . Sparsely populated, it is home to 15,000 inhabitants, approximately 80 of whom are Inuit . The largest settlement is Iqaluit . ref name people Cite web url http www.ec.gc.ca soer ree English vignettes Terrestrial na human.cfm title Human Activities in the Northern Arctic Ecozone work Southern Arctic Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 07 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref The cold winters are very dark, typically having no daylight for weeks or even months north of the Arctic Circle . ref name overview Cite web url http www.ec.gc.ca soer ree English vignettes Terrestrial na default.cfm title Far North work Southern Arctic Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 07 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref Geography Palaeozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary rock forms the western portion of the ecozone, whereas Precambrian granite is the dominant feature in the east. ref name bernhardt Cite web url http canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca english ecozones northernarctic northernarctic.htm title Northern Arctic work Canada s Ecozones, Canadian Biodiversity project last Bernhardt first Torsten publisher McGill University , Redpath Museum ... vignettes Terrestrial na land.cfm title Landforms and Climate of the Northern Arctic Ecozone work Southern Arctic Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 07 Dead link date October 2010 ... United States . Protected areas Within this ecozone are a number of protected areas. These include ... trc htm ecozone e.asp title Terrestrial Ecozones of Canada work Teacher Resource Centre publisher Parks ... more details
The Boreal Plains Ecozone is an Ecozones of Canada ecozone in the western Canada Canadian provinces of Manitoba , Saskatchewan and Alberta . It also has minor extensions into northeastern British Columbia and south central Northwest Territories . Industry in this ecozone once consisted primarily of forestry and agriculture , but in 1967 the Great Canadian Oil Sands Limited began extracting bitumen from the Athabasca Oil Sands . Operations there have expanded significantly since 2003, and the oil sands are becoming an increasingly significant economic factor in the region. Wood Buffalo National Park , the largest national park in Canada, and Whooping Crane Summer Range , the only nesting and breeding area for the critically endangered Whooping Crane , are both located in the northern portion of this ecozone. Geography Overlaying a bedrock of Cretaceous shale and Tertiary sediments are thick deposits of soil that form a flat terrain in the Interior Plains . ref name bernhardt Cite web url http canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca english ecozones borealplains borealplains.htm title Boreal Plains work Canada s Ecozones, Canadian Biodiversity project last Bernhardt first Torsten publisher McGill University , Redpath Museum accessdate 2008 02 03 ref the Montane Cordillera to the west, closely following the border between Alberta and British Columbia. To its south is the Prairies ecozone Prairies ecozone for its entire extent, while to the north are the Taiga Plains , with its northeastern ... bp land.cfm title Landforms and Climate of the Boreal Plains Ecozone work Boreal Plains Ecozone ... Plains Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 03 ref Agriculture can employ up to 20 ... bog s, which account for between 25 50 of the ecozone s area. ref name wetlands Cite web url http ... temperatures of 17.5 in the north and 11 C in the south. ref name wetlands Protected areas Within this ecozone ... apprendre learn prof itm2 crp trc htm ecozone e.asp title Terrestrial Ecozones of Canada ... more details
The Atlantic Maritime Ecozone is an Ecozones of Canada ecozone which covers the Canada Canadian provinces of Prince Edward Island , Nova Scotia , and New Brunswick , as well as the Gasp Peninsula of Quebec . It is adjacent to the Atlantic Marine ecozone Atlantic Marine Ecozone to the east, and the Mixedwood Plains to the west. The roughly corresponding Level I Ecoregion to this ecozone in the United States Environmental Protection Agency s classification, which is also part of the CEC system, is the List of ecoregions in the United States EPA Northern Forests Northern Forests ecoregion, though that classification includes the woodlands and swamps of northern Michigan and Minnesota, which are adjacent to the Boreal Shield Ecozone CEC Boreal Shield ecozone. The coastal areas are generally cooler in summer and warmer in winter than the inland regions, with richer soil s suitable for farming . Hence, coastal communities have the greatest concentration of the zone s 2.5 million inhabitants. ref name bernhardt Cite web url http canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca english ecozones atlanticmaritime atlanticmaritime.htm title Atlantic Maritime work Canada s Ecozones, Canadian Biodiversity project last Bernhardt first Torsten publisher McGill University , Redpath Museum accessdate 2008 02 03 ref ref name people Cite web url http www.ec.gc.ca soer ree English Vignettes Terrestrial am human.cfm title Human Activities in the Atlantic Maritime Ecozone work Atlantic Maritime Ecozone publisher Environment ... area in this ecozone is Halifax Regional Municipality Halifax . Geography The Atlantic Maritime ecozone ... Maritime Ecozone work Atlantic Maritime Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate ... the winter, and cooler during the summer, than other regions of the ecozone. They also experience ... days. ref name landforms Protected areas This ecozone contains a number of protected areas, including ... apprendre learn prof itm2 crp trc htm ecozone e.asp title Terrestrial Ecozones of Canada work Teacher ... more details
The Pacific Marine Ecozone is a Canada Canadian and United States American marine ecozone ref name overview Cite web url http www.ec.gc.ca soer ree English vignettes Marine pacific default.cfm title The Pacific Rim work Pacific Marine Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 09 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref extending to the international waters of the Pacific Ocean from the coasts of Alaska , British Columbia , Washington U.S. state Washington and Oregon . The islands within the Ecozones of Canada Canadian portion are part of the adjacent Pacific Maritime ecozone. Famous for its tourism and an important shipping channel for Canada, the zone is subject to intense human activity which has damaged ecosystems. ref name bernhardt Cite web url http canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca english ecozones pacificmarine pacificmarine.htm title Pacific Marine work Canada s Ecozones, Canadian Biodiversity project last Bernhardt first Torsten publisher McGill University , Redpath Museum accessdate 2008 02 09 ref Primary effects include overfishing , pollution and even direct habitat destruction . The large and increasing population in nearby coastal areas, including the major centres of Vancouver and Seattle , exerts significant strain on the natural habitats within this ecozone. ref name overview Geography The large rivers flowing from the Rocky Mountains are a source of nutrient s for this ecology ecologically diverse region. ref name bernhardt They enter the shallow waters over the continental shelf , which underlays the entire ecozone and represents the edge of the North American Plate North American tectonic plate . This plate is constantly folding under the Pacific Plate , causing volcano volcanic activity at their juncture and earthquake s along the coast ... title Landforms and Climate of the Pacific Marine Ecozone work Pacific Marine Ecozone publisher Environment .... The moderating effect of the Pacific Ocean results in a nearly constant year round temperature in this ecozone ... more details
The Taiga Plain is a Canada Canadian terrestrial Ecozones of Canada ecozone that covers most of the western Northwest Territories , extending to northwest Alberta , northeast British Columbia and slightly overlapping northeastern Yukon . It is the site of the Peace Athabasca Delta , ref name SfS Cite web url http www.spaceforspecies.ca resources ecozone canada title Canada s Ecozones publisher Space for Species accessdate 2008 02 05 ref a globally significant wetland in Wood Buffalo National Park , and Nahanni National Park Reserve . ref name protected Cite web url http www2.parkscanada.gc.ca apprendre learn prof itm2 crp trc htm ecozone e.asp title Terrestrial Ecozones of Canada work Teacher Resource Centre publisher Parks Canada accessdate 2008 02 13 ref Geography Its eastern boundary is defined by Great Bear Lake Great Bear and Great Slave Lake Great Slave lakes in the Taiga Shield , site of the world s oldest known rock formations. ref name taigashield Cite web url http www.ec.gc.ca soer ree English vignettes Terrestrial ts land.cfm title Landforms and Climate of the Taiga Shield Ecozone work Taiga Shield Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 05 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref To its south are the Boreal Plains , a vast forest of spruce and other timber with numerous wetland habitats. Portions of Wood Buffalo National Park and Whooping Crane Summer Range , the only nesting area for the critically endangered whooping crane , overlap onto the Taiga ... the Mackenzie Mountains . Its northern borders are with the Southern Arctic ecozone in northeastern Northwest Territories, and the Arctic Archipelago Marine ecozone at the delta of Canada s largest ... vignettes Terrestrial tp default.cfm title Overview work Taiga Plains Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 05 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref The ecozone consists ... tp land.cfm title Landforms and Climate of the Taiga Plains Ecozone work Taiga Plains Ecozone publisher ... more details
The Taiga Cordillera is a rugged, mountain ous terrestrial Ecozones of Canada ecozone of Canada spanning most of northern Yukon and significant portions of the border between the Yukon and the Northwest Territories . This ecozone is very Population density sparsely populated , with only a few hundred Residency domicile inhabitants who rely on List of subsistence techniques subsistence living and the tourism industry. ref name bernhardt Cite web url http canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca english ecozones taigacordillera taigacordillera.htm title Taiga Cordillera work Canada s Ecozones, Canadian Biodiversity project last Bernhardt first Torsten publisher McGill University , Redpath Museum accessdate 2008 02 06 ref Most of the area s population consists of members of the Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation in the community of Old Crow, Yukon Old Crow , located on the Porcupine River . ref name population Cite web url http www.ec.gc.ca soer ree English Vignettes Terrestrial tc human.cfm title Human Activities in the Taiga Cordillera Ecozone work Taiga Cordillera Ecozone publisher Environment Canada date 1978 10 09 accessdate 2008 02 06 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref The area includes three National Parks of Canada national parks within its boundaries Ivvavik National Park , Vuntut National Park , and Nahanni National Park Reserve , one of twelve sites in the first group of World ... prof itm2 crp trc htm ecozone13 e.asp title Taiga Cordillera Ecozone publisher Parks Canada accessdate ... Marine ecozone. The northernmost area is an arctic tundra which is beyond the tree line , so is characterised ... Vignettes Terrestrial tc default.cfm title Overview work Taiga Cordillera Ecozone publisher Environment ... precipitation averages 250 to 300 mm throughout the ecozone, ref name landforms Cite web url ... of the Taiga Cordillera Ecozone work Taiga Cordillera Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate ... up to eight months. ref name landforms References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Taiga Cordillera Ecozone ... more details
The Southern Arctic Ecozone is a Canada Canadian terrestrial Ecozones of Canada ecozone which spans the northern coast of mainland Northwest Territories , most of northern mainland Nunavut excepting the northeast peninsula, and a portion of northwestern Quebec . Its two constituent territories are interrupted by Hudson Bay . It is sparsely populated, with less than 10,000 inhabitants in 17 major settlements, the largest of which is Rankin Inlet . About 80 of the population is Inuit . ref name people Cite web url http www.ec.gc.ca soer ree English vignettes Terrestrial sa human.cfm title Human Activities in the Southern Arctic Ecozone work Southern Arctic Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 07 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref It includes Ivvavik National Park and Tuktut Nogait National Park . ref name ParksCanada Cite web url http www.pc.gc.ca apprendre learn prof itm2 crp trc htm ecozone03 e.asp title Southern Arctic Ecozone publisher Parks Canada accessdate 2008 02 07 ref Geography Its southern boundary demarcates the tree line , and to the north it meets the Northern Arctic terrestrial ecozone and the Arctic Archipelago Marine ecozone. It was formed from glacial deposits left by retreating glaciers about 8,500 years ago, which amassed into moraine s cut by long esker s up to 100 km long. ref name landforms Cite web url http www.ec.gc.ca soer ree English vignettes Terrestrial sa land.cfm title Landforms and Climate of the Southern Arctic Ecozone work Southern Arctic Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 07 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref The scouring of the land by the 3 km thick glaciers left numerous depressions, some of which contained stray chunks of ice that, upon melting during warmer periods, created ... sa default.cfm title Treeless North work Southern Arctic Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 07 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref Climate This ecozone experiences short ... more details
for the shipbuilding and construction company Atlantic Marine The Atlantic Marine Ecozone is a Canadian Canada marine Ecozones of Canada ecozone that stretches from the Davis Strait to encompass the Grand Banks , to the Avalon Peninsula on the shores of Newfoundland island Newfoundland . It includes all of the southern coast of Newfoundland, all the eastern coast of Nova Scotia , and portions of the Bay of Fundy and the Gulf of Maine . The waters of this zone have been overfishing overfished , and in 1992 the Government of Canada banned cod fishing , though there are no restrictions on other species. Shellfish species, including lobster , shrimp , and crab , have become an increasing component of the fishing industry, which has been in decline. Since the late 1990s, the Hibernia oil field Hibernia oil field has become an important economic resource for Newfoundland and Labrador , and the Terra Nova oil field Terra Nova oil field is increasingly important to Nova Scotia. Further oil and gas exploration is being conducted on the Scotian Shelf . ref name people Cite web url http www.ec.gc.ca soer ree English vignettes Marine atlantic human.cfm title Human Activities in the Atlantic Marine Ecozone work Atlantic Marine Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 09 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref Geography Most of the waters in this zone are thousands of metres deep, ref name bernhardt Cite web url http canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca english ecozones atlanticmarine ... Marine Ecozone work Atlantic Marine Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 09 Dead ... of this ecozone, from Greenland to Newfoundland. They have been feared by mariners for centuries ... Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 09 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ... increases significantly, becoming a rich source of food within the ecozone. ref name flora Cite web ... Marine Ecozone work Atlantic Marine Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 ... more details
The Mixedwood Plains Ecozone is the Ecozones of Canada Canadian ecozone with the most southerly extent, covering all of southwestern Ontario , and parts of central and northeastern Ontario and southern Quebec along the Saint Lawrence River . It is the smallest ecozone in Canada, but it includes the country s most productive industrial and commercial region, ref name smallest cite web title Urban Corridor ... Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate January 19, 2012 archiveurl http web.archive.org ... resources ecozone canada publisher Space for Species accessdate January 19, 2012 archiveurl http web.archive.org web 20071216223337 http www.spaceforspecies.ca resources ecozone canada archivedate ... distinctly contrast the typically flat or gentle sloping ecozone, the most prominent being the Niagara ... Plains Ecozone url http www.ec.gc.ca soer ree English vignettes Terrestrial mp land.cfm work Mixedwood Plains Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate January 19, 2012 archiveurl http web.archive.org ... hills ref name SfS and the Happy Valley, King, Ontario Happy Valley Forest representative of the ecozone. Due to the action of retreating glaciers, moraines are a common feature throughout this ecozone. ref name landforms Some of the most fertile soil in Canada is located in this ecozone, in which ... areas Within this ecozone are a number of protected areas. These include ref name protected cite web title Mixedwood Plains Ecozone url http www.pc.gc.ca apprendre learn prof itm2 crp trc htm ecozone ... Pelee National Park St. Lawrence Islands National Park About 1.51 of the ecozone is protected, ref ... in this ecozone, which is in a major North American storm belt. Warm front Warm air fronts from the Gulf ... cause of deforestation in the ecozone ref name SfS it was once covered entirely by forests .... ref name SfS Population Mixedwood Plains is the most populated ecozone in Canada, with about ... in this ecozone, including Toronto with 5.5 million inhabitants and Montreal with 3.4 million ... more details
about an ecozone the landform it covers part of Canadian Shield The Taiga Shield Ecozone is an Ecozones of Canada ecozone which stretches across Canada Canada s subarctic region. Some regions exhibit exposed Precambrian bedrock of the Canadian Shield , the oldest of the world s geological formations. ref name ECoverview Cite web url http www.ec.gc.ca soer ree English vignettes Terrestrial ts default.cfm title Overview work Taiga Shield Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 02 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref The world s oldest rocks, dating to four billion years, are found in the Canadian Shield north of Great Slave Lake . ref name landforms Cite web url http www.ec.gc.ca soer ree English vignettes Terrestrial ts land.cfm title Landforms and Climate of the Taiga Shield Ecozone work Taiga Shield Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 02 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref Geography The Taiga Shield ecozone covers almost all of the eastern area of the Northwest Territories , a tiny corner of northeastern Alberta , a narrow strip of all northern Saskatchewan and northwestern Manitoba , as well as all some parts of southern Nunavut . Here, it is interrupted by Hudson Bay , where it abuts with the marine ecozone of the Arctic Archipelago Marine , and resumes on the eastern shores of Hudson Bay on the coast of Quebec, where it continues in a consistently wide strip towards the ocean, encompassing all but a small portion of Labrador . It is one of the largest ecozones in Canada, covering 1.3 million square kilometres. ref name ECoverview ... environment taiga shield.html title Taiga Shield Ecozone last Bell first Trevor publisher ... vignettes Terrestrial ts human.cfm title Human Activities in the Taiga Shield Ecozone work Taiga Shield Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 02 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ... Ecozone work Taiga Shield Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 02 Dead link date ... more details
The Pacific Maritime Ecozone is a Canada Canadian terrestrial Ecozones of Canada ecozone , spanning a strip approximately 200 kilometres wide along the British Columbian coast, then narrowing along the border with Alaska . It also includes all marine islands of British Columbia, and a small portion of the southwestern corner of the Yukon . Fourteen ecoregions comprise the Ecozone, ranging from the Mount Logan Ecoregion in the north to the Cascade Range Cascade Ecoregion and Lower Mainland Ecoregion in the south. The name of the comparable ecozones in the United States , where Level II ecoregions correspond to the international term ecozone , are the List of ecoregions in the United States EPA Marine West Coast Forest Marine West Coast Forest and the List of ecoregions in the United States EPA Northwestern Forested Mountains Northwestern Forested Mountains . ecoregions. In the floristic province system, the region is described as part of the Rocky Mountain Floristic Region . Also in use is a system of Biogeoclimatic zones of British Columbia biogeoclimatic zones defined and used by the British Columbia government, which defines the same area as the Western Hemlock Coastal Western Hemlock zone , though a small portion flanking the Strait of Georgia comprises the Douglas fir Coastal ... ecoregion British Columbia mainland coastal forests ecoregions Geography This ecozone is the most diverse ... Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 04 ref Its northern inland extent is primarily ... SfS Cite web url http www.spaceforspecies.ca resources ecozone canada title Canada s Ecozones publisher ... and Climate of the Pacific Maritime Ecozone work Pacific Maritime Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 04 ref Protected areas Within this ecozone are a number of protected areas ... crp trc htm ecozone e.asp title Terrestrial Ecozones of Canada work Teacher Resource Centre publisher ... http www.spaceforspecies.ca resources ecozone canada title Canada s Ecozones publisher Space for Species ... more details
This article is about an ecozone . For the landform covering the same region, see Canadian Shield . The Boreal Shield Ecozone is the largest Ecozones of Canada ecozone in Canada . Formation Canadian Shield rock forms the nucleus of the North American continent. Other geology geological structures assumed positions around or on top of the Shield millions of years after it was formed. The Rocky Mountains are relative newcomers on the geological stage, having risen a mere 60 million years ago. Most Shield rocks were formed well over a billion years earlier, during the very first chapter of the planet s history known as the Precambrian era . What once may have been a towering mountain chain is today a great rolling plain of ancient bedrock . During the late Precambrian era, fierce convulsions in the Earth s crust geology crust resulted in a warped, collapsed Shield. The foundation of much of the ecozone is now metamorphic rocks metamorphic gneiss , a highly banded rock formed by intense pressure and heat. Many of the minerals that contribute to the Shield s economy may have formed during these geologically turbulent times. During the last ice age , which ended 10 000 years ago, the advance of glacier s continuously plucked and scoured the Boreal Shield, forming Glacial striation striation s in the bedrock and carrying large boulders many kilometers. In retreat, massive glaciers enveloped most of the landscape with great amounts of glacial deposits including gravel, sand, shale, and numerous sediments. The vast majority of inadequately drained depressions that were left behind, as well as natural faults in the bedrock, now form the millions of lakes, ponds and wetlands that give this ecozone its distinctive character. Changing conditions As for the boreal forest, fire suppression, insect control, clear cutting and single species tree farming are widespread. These practices may, over the long term, reduce the diversity of both plant and animal species and increase the forest ... more details
This article is about an ecozone . For the landform covering the same general region, see Hudson Bay Lowland . The Hudson Plains Ecozone is a sparsely populated Canada Canadian subarctic Ecozones of Canada ecozone extending from the western coast of Quebec to the coast of Manitoba , encompassing all coastal areas of James Bay and those of southern Hudson Bay , stretching to about 50th parallel north 50 N latitude . It includes the largest continuous wetland in the world. ref name bernhardt Cite web url http canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca english ecozones hudsonplains hudsonplains.htm title Hudson Plains work Canada s Ecozones, Canadian Biodiversity project last Bernhardt first Torsten publisher McGill University , Redpath Museum accessdate 2008 02 01 ref It covers nearly a quarter of Ontario s landmass, and 3.6 of Canada s total area, ref name area Cite web url http www.environnement canada.ca soer ree English SOER 1996report Doc 1 6 2 4 1.cfm title The State of Canada s Environment 1996 publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 01 ref totalling approximately 369,000 square kilometres of land and 11,800 square kilometres of water. ref name general Cite web url http www.ec.gc.ca soer ree English Vignettes Terrestrial hp default.cfm title The Wetlands work Hudson Plains Ecozone publisher Environment Canada accessdate 2008 02 01 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref Its ... is the cold Arctic Archipelago Marine ecozone, and to the south is the milder Boreal Shield . Hence, this ecozone is transitional, ref name ECO which is easily evident as it transforms from Barren ... The ecozone has a subarctic climate which is significantly influenced by the adjacent marine area ... Plains Ecozone publisher Parks Canada date Autumn 2003 accessdate 2008 02 01 ref Frigid polar high ... http www.wildaboutgardening.org en growing section3 ecozone map index.htm title Ecozones publisher ... fishers . ref name coldair ref name CWF The adjacent marine ecozone of the Arctic Archipelago Marine ... more details
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