other. Electromagnetism cTopic Classical electromagnetism Electrodynamics Electromagneticradiation ... . In vacuum , electromagneticradiation propagates at a characteristic speed, the speed of light . Electromagneticradiation is a particular form of the more general electromagnetic field EM field that is defined as the field produced by moving charges. Electromagneticradiation is associated with only ... for producing much of the highest frequency electromagneticradiation observed in nature. Quantum ... for EM radiation. Instead, they cause electromagnetic field behavior that only efficiently transfers ... is electromagneticradiation also called the far field . The far fields propagate without ability ... of EM radiation File Electromagneticwave3Dfromside.gif thumb Electromagnetic waves can be imagined ... and maxima together The physics of electromagneticradiation is electrodynamics . Electromagnetism ... are more evident when measuring small timescales and distances. For example, when electromagneticradiation ... electromagneticradiation and matter such as electrons is described by the theory of quantum electrodynamics . Wave model Electromagneticradiation is a transverse wave , meaning that the oscillations ... bodies emit light and other electromagneticradiation only as discrete bundles or packets of energy ... exhibited wave particle duality. Wave and particle effects of electromagneticradiation Together, wave ... electromagneticradiation emission , which is seen when the emitting gas is glowing due to excitation ... electromagneticradiation emission spectrum of nebula e. Today, scientists use these phenomena ..., or any changing magnetic field, produces electromagneticradiation. Electromagnetic information ... . These extra terms are responsible for electromagneticradiation. When any wire or other conducting object such as an antenna electronics antenna conducts alternating current , electromagneticradiation ... then set the electromagneticradiation in motion. At the quantum level, electromagneticradiation is produced ... more details
electromagneticradiation attenuation . Usually, the absorption of waves does not depend on their intensity ... File Atmospheric electromagnetic opacity.svg thumb right Rough plot of Earth s atmospheric transmittance or opacity to various wavelengths of electromagneticradiation, including visible light . Understanding and measuring the absorption of electromagneticradiation has an enormous variety of applications ..., an Absorption spectroscopy absorption spectra can be obtained. In physics , absorption of electromagneticradiation is the way by which the energy of a photon is taken up by matter, typically the electrons of an atom . Thus, the electromagnetic energy is transformed to other forms of energy ... of ways to quantify how quickly and effectively radiation is absorbed in a certain ... radiation. However, practitioners of different fields and techniques tend to conventionally use different ... depend in large part on the absorption of radiation by atmospheric gases such as in the greenhouse ... design. In chemistry and materials science , different materials and molecules will absorb radiation ... 11 14 External links Category Scattering, absorption and radiative transfer optics Category Electromagneticradiation Category Glass physics Category Radiation ar cs Absorpce sv tla ... more details
Electromagneticradiation can be classified into two types ionization ionizing radiation and non ionizing radiation , based on its capability of ionizing atoms and breaking chemical bond s. Ultraviolet ... authority to justify the sentence. Fire hazards Extremely high power electromagneticradiation ... is commonly referred to as Hazards EM Ordnance HERO Hazards of ElectromagneticRadiation to Ordnance ... principles and practices for controlling electromagnetic hazards to ordnance. On the other hand, the risk related to fueling is known as Hazards EM for Fuel HERF Hazards of ElectromagneticRadiation ... States government adopts the following definition Electromagneticradiation hazards RADHAZ or EMR hazards Hazards caused by a transmitter antenna installation that generates electromagneticradiation ... located in an area that is illuminated by electromagneticradiation at a level that is hazardous ... power, low frequency, electromagneticradiation associated with electric power transmission household ... more than 2 billion users worldwide . Mobile phone s use electromagneticradiation in the microwave ... Fields May 1989 over 100 pages Radiation DEFAULTSORT ElectromagneticRadiation And Health Category ... hazards see radiation and radiation poisoning . Non ionizing radiation, discussed here, is associated with electrical and biological hazards. Types of hazards Electrical hazards Strong radiation can ... workbook storms.html ref blackouts as in 1989 , and interference with electromagnetic signals e.g. ... The best understood biological effect of electromagnetic fields is to cause dielectric heating . For example ... inside a microwave oven . This heating effect varies with the power and the frequency of the electromagnetic ... for Safety Level with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3KHz ... national governments have established safety limits for exposure to various frequencies of electromagnetic ... author International Commission on Non Ionizing Radiation Protection title Guidelines for limiting ... more details
wiktionary ElectromagneticElectromagnetic may refer to Force Electromagnetism , one of four fundamental forces See also Electromagnetic field Electromagnetic force ElectromagneticradiationElectromagnetic induction Electromagnetic spectrum Electromagnetic therapy alternative medicine , use of electromagnetism in alternative medicine Electromagnetic weapon , a type of weapon Electromagnetic propulsion Electromagnetic pulse Electromagnetic levitation Electromagnetic shielding disambig ... more details
and genetic damage at low doses. Electromagneticradiation sometimes abbreviated EMR takes the form .... Electromagneticradiation is classified into types according to the frequency of the wave ... visible spectrum or light, is sensed by the eye of various organisms. Ionizing electromagneticradiation ... electromagneticradiation, such as infrared, microwaves, and radio waves, consists of photons ... Radiation at Universiti Tenaga Nasional UNITEN ICNIR2003 Electromagnetic Fields and Our Health date ... through matter, the electromagneticradiation has only sufficient energy to change the rotational, vibrational ... in common food items induced by infrared radiation, during broiling type cooking. Non ionizing electromagneticradiation Main Electromagneticradiation File Electromagnetic Spectrum.png thumb The electromagnetic spectrum The non ionizing portion of electromagneticradiation consists of electromagnetic ... relatively extreme radiation energies, however . span id The electromagnetic spectrum span The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all possible electromagneticradiation frequencies. ref ... distribution of electromagneticradiation emitted by, or absorbed by, that particular jeter object. Visible light Main Light Light, or visible light, is a very narrow range of electromagneticradiation ... are a type of electromagneticradiation with wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum longer than ... its thermal energy in the form of electromagnetic waves. Infrared radiation from a common household ... heat from the movement of charged particles within atoms is converted to electromagneticradiation ... of the electromagnetic spectrum of thermal radiation may be ionizing, if the object emitting the radiation ... body emits electromagneticradiation over the entire spectrum from very low frequency radio waves ... use forms of electromagneticradiation. Variations in the intensity of the radiation represent changes ... Electromagnetic spectrum Hawking radiation Ionizing radiation Banana equivalent dose Non ionizing radiation ... more details
Electromagnetic flux may refer to one of the following Flux or flux density of electromagneticradiation Electric flux and magnetic flux . disambig ... more details
In telecommunication , the term electromagnetic environment EME has the following meanings For a telecommunications system , the spatial distribution of electromagnetic field s surrounding a given site. The electromagnetic environment may be expressed in terms of the spatial and temporal distribution of electric field strength volt s per metre , irradiance watt s per square metre , or energy density joule s per cubic metre . The resulting product of the Power physics power and time distribution, in various frequency ranges, of the radiated or conducted electromagnetic Emission electromagneticradiation emission levels that may be encountered by a military force, system, or platform when performing its assigned mission in its intended operational environment. It is the sum of electromagnetic interference electromagnetic pulse hazards of electromagneticradiation to personnel, ordnance, and volatile materials and natural phenomena effects of lightning and p static. Source FS1037C MS188 DODDIC Category Electromagneticradiation Category Telecommunications telecomm stub pl rodowisko elektromagnetyczne ru ... more details
Interventions infobox Name Electromagnetic therapy Image Caption ICD10 ICD10PCS 6A2 6 A 2 ICD9 MeshID D055909 OPS301 OtherCodes HCPCSlevel2 Electromagnetic therapy or Electromagnetic field therapy refers to therapy involving the use of magnet s or electromagnets . Types include Bioelectromagnetics , the study of how electromagnetic fields interact with and influence biological processes. Electrotherapy , the use of electrical or electromagnetic energy in medicine Electromagnetic therapy alternative medicine , the use of electromagneticradiation to treat disease. Evidence of efficacy is lacking. Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy , or PEMF , the use of weak electromagnetic fields to initiate osteogenesis . See also Magnet therapy , use of static magnetic field s with the aim of treating disease. Evidence of efficacy is lacking. Extracorporeal assistance, performance, and therapy medicine stub Category Medical procedures Category Electromagnetism ... more details
Radiation and health may refer to Electromagneticradiation and health Health threat from cosmic rays Ionizing radiation Biological effects Mobile phone radiation and health See also Radiological hazard disambiguation Category Radiation health effects disambiguation ... more details
Electromagneticradiation weapons are a type of directed energy weapon s which use electromagneticradiation to deliver heat, mechanical, or electrical energy to a target to cause various, sometimes ... us ref Some bio effects of electromagneticradiation weapons include effects to the human central nervous ... radiation weapons may cause cumulative damage to the human body. Electromagnetic weapons can ... 2011 jul 21 beijing develops radiation weapons title Report China building electromagnetic pulse weapons ... page Electromagnetic weapon timestamp 20120425004332 year 2012 month April day 25 substed yes For administrator use only Old AfD multi page Electromagnetic weapon date 25 April 2012 result keep End of AfD ... and low power, Pulsed Microwave devices use low frequency microwave radiation which can be made ... Research, conducted a study begun in 2004 called the Sensory Consequences of Electromagnetic ... to advance Classical electromagnetism electrodynamics and hypervelocity physics related to electromagnetic ... a non lethal electromagnetic weapon for the purpose of crowd dispersal. ref http www.nytimes.com 2001 ... effects of exposure to microwave radiation. The research was not done in humans. Project Pandora ... and electronics When used against equipment, directed electromagnetic energy weapons can operate similarly to omnidirectional electromagnetic pulse EMP devices, by inducing destructive voltage within ... forbes 2007 0423 042.html Light Warfare by Matthew Swibel 04.23.07 Forbes.com ref Electromagnetic ... to electromagnetic fields by Iraqi civilians and battlefield troops is unknown. ref U.S. Senate Committee ... index.cfm 3Fpageid 3D16 26release id 3D11326 26sub release id 3D11373 26view 3Dall electromagnetic ... electromagnetic weapons can have dramatic effects, such as the intense burning sensation caused by Raytheon ... would not necessarily realize that they were being targeted by such a device. That microwave radiation, like some other radio frequency radiation, can easily penetrate most common building materials ... more details
effect the emission of electrons from metallic surfaces subjected to electromagneticradiation the photon ... field theory describing the interaction of electromagneticradiation with charged matter. It also gives ... Force Law Lorentz force law . This discussion ignores the radiation reaction force . Electromagnetic ... and charges sources is called electromagneticradiation EMR since it radiates from the charges and currents ... ELF see Power lines Health concerns Radio frequency RF see Electromagneticradiation and health ... radiationElectromagnetic spectrum EMF measurements Electromagnetic field measurements ...Merge from Flux density discuss Talk Electromagnetic field Merger proposal Flux density date October 2011 Electromagnetism Topic Classical electromagnetism Electrodynamics An electromagnetic field also ... objects . It affects the behavior of charged objects in the vicinity of the field. The electromagnetic field extends indefinitely throughout space and describes the electromagnetism electromagnetic .... The way in which charges and currents interact with the electromagnetic field is described by Maxwell s equations and the Lorentz force law . From a Classical physics classical perspective, the electromagnetic ... Subatomic particle particle s. Citation needed date May 2011 Structure of the electromagnetic field The electromagnetic field may be viewed in two distinct ways a continuous structure or a discrete ..., energy is viewed as being transferred continuously through the electromagnetic field between any .... This view is useful to a certain extent radiation of low frequency , but problems are found at high frequencies see ultraviolet catastrophe . Discrete structure The electromagnetic field may be thought of in a more coarse way. Experiments reveal that in some circumstances electromagnetic energy ... that increasing the intensity of the incident radiation so long as one remains in the linear ... of their ejection. Only the frequency of the radiation is relevant to the energy of the ejected ... more details
pp semi small yes File EM Spectrum Properties edit.svg thumb 330px A diagram of the electromagnetic spectrum, showing various properties across the range of frequencies and wavelengths The electromagnetic spectrum is the Spectrum range of all possible frequencies of electromagneticradiation . ref cite ... medium medium with matter , their wavelength is decreased. Wavelengths of electromagneticradiation ... B. L. ref Rationale Electromagneticradiation interacts with matter in different ways in different parts ... kinds of electromagneticradiation. Thus we refer to a spectrum, but divide it up based on the different ... of high energy particles and antiparticles upon interaction with matter. Types of radiation File Electromagnetic Spectrum.png thumb 300px The electromagnetic spectrum The types of electromagneticradiation ... as electric power, although the latter is, in the strict sense, not electromagneticradiation at all ... of the particular electromagneticradiation is Frame of reference reference frame dependent ... them in the ultraviolet UV part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Now this radiation has undergone ... transmittance or opacity to various wavelengths of electromagneticradiation. The super high .... Electromagneticradiation with a wavelength between 380 nanometre nm and 760 nm 790 400 terahertz ... of the electromagnetic spectrum. Radiation of some types have a mixture of the properties of those ... 20090210.pdf Poster ElectromagneticRadiation Spectrum 992 kB EMSpectrum Category Electromagnetic spectrum ... ref The electromagnetic spectrum of an object is the characteristic distribution of electromagneticradiation emitted or absorbed by that particular object. The electromagnetic spectrum extends from low frequencies used for modern radio communication to gamma radiation at the short wavelength ... of an atom . It is for this reason that the electromagnetic spectrum is highly studied for spectroscopic ... url http pharmaxchange.info press 2011 08 introduction to the electromagnetic spectrum and spectroscopy ... more details
which the cable runs. Electromagnetic shielding that blocks radio frequency electromagneticradiation ... interference Electromagneticradiation and health Radiation Ionising radiation protection ... Category Electromagneticradiation Category Electromagnetic compatibility cs Elektromagnetick ...refimprove date March 2010 Image Electromagnetic shielding inside mobile phone.jpg thumb Electromagnetic shielding cages inside a disassembled mobile phone . Electromagnetic shielding is the process of reducing the electromagnetic field in a space by blocking the field with barriers made of electrical ... frequency radio waves , electromagnetic fields and electrostatic field s. A conductive enclosure ... electromagnetic field. Materials used Typical materials used for electromagnetic shielding include ... smaller than the wavelength of the radiation that is being kept out, or the enclosure will not effectively ... and other layers One example is a shielded cable , which has electromagnetic shielding in the form ... shielding of both electromagnetic and electrostatic fields. The door of a microwave oven has a screen ... . Citation needed date August 2011 NATO specifies electromagnetic shielding for computers and keyboards ... journal url http lasecwww.epfl.ch keyboard title Compromising Electromagnetic Emanations of Wired ... at the AM, FM or TV broadcast facilities. How electromagnetic shielding works Electromagneticradiation consists of coupled electric field electric and magnetic field magnetic fields. The electric ... magnetic fields unless the conductor is moving relative to the magnetic field. The result is that electromagneticradiation is reflected from the surface of the conductor internal fields stay inside ... do not excite opposing electromagnetic fields. These effects reduce the field reflecting capability of the shield. In the case of high frequency electromagneticradiation, the above mentioned adjustments take a non negligible amount of time. But then the radiation energy, as far as it is not reflected ... more details
fields. They also wrote that considering only whether electromagneticradiation was a causative .... Electromagneticradiation and health Mobile phone radiation and health TCO Certification TCO Certification ...Idiopathic environmental intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields IEI EMF is a set of claims of adverse medical symptoms purportedly caused by exposure to electromagnetic field s. ref name who Other terms for IEI EMF include electromagnetic hypersensitivity EHS , electrohypersensitivity , electro sensitivity , and electrical sensitivity ES . Although the thermal effects of electromagnetic fields on the body are established, self described sufferers of electromagnetic hypersensitivity report responding to non ionizing electromagnetic fields or electromagneticradiation at intensities well below the limits permitted by international Mobile phone radiation and health Safety standards and licensing radiation safety standards . The majority of Provocation medical provocation trials to date have found that self described sufferers of electromagnetic hypersensitivity are unable to distinguish between exposure to real and fake electromagnetic fields, ref name RubinProvReview2005 ref name ... on electromagnetic hypersensitivity. ref http www.who.int peh emf publications reports EHS Proceedings ... to find any causal connection between electromagnetic field exposure and ill health. ref ..., M Meier, C Braun Fahrlander title Symptoms of ill health ascribed to electromagnetic field exposure ... Publications Radiation HPARPDSeriesReports HpaRpd010 Definition, epidemiology and management of electrical sensitivity , Irvine, N, Report for the Radiation Protection Division of the UK Health Protection ... authorlink coauthors title Microwave And Radiofrequency Radiation Exposure A Growing Environmental ... . ref name irvine2005 Levitt proposed ties between electromagnetic fields and some of these 20th century ... Levitt first B. Blake authorlink coauthors title Electromagnetic Fields publisher Harcourt Brace ... more details
of electromagnetic mass was based on the concept of radiation pressure . These pressures or tensions ... of gravity still moves with a uniform velocity when electromagnetic fields and radiation are involved ...Electromagnetic mass was initially a concept of classical mechanics , denoting as to how much the electromagnetic ... forms of energy, including electromagnetic energy, is interpreted on the basis of Albert Einstein ..., some problems concerning the electromagnetic mass and self energy of charged particles are still ... the electromagnetic luminiferous aether aether of James Clerk Maxwell , is harder to set in motion ... behaves as having some sort of momentum and apparent electromagnetic mass, which can increase the ordinary mechanical mass of the bodies, or in more modern terms, the increase should arise from their electromagnetic ... infinite energy accumulation. Thus the formula for this electromagnetic energy mass relation is math ... to the conclusion that the total mass of the bodies is identical to its electromagnetic mass. Wien stated, that if it is assumed that gravitation is an electromagnetic effect too, then there has to be a proportionality between electromagnetic energy, inertial mass, and gravitational mass. When one body attracts another one, the electromagnetic energy store of gravitation is according to Wien diminished ... in 1906 argued that when mass is in fact the product of the electromagnetic field in the aether implying ... Thomson and Searle Thomson 1893 noticed that electromagnetic momentum and energy of charged ... through the dielectric beyond that of light. In 1897, Searle gave a more precise formula for the electromagnetic ... Bucherer.svg thumb 300px Abraham Lorentz Bucherer Predictions of speed dependence of transverse electromagnetic ..., Walter Kaufmann physicist Walter Kaufmann 1901 and Abraham 1902 derived the formula for the electromagnetic ..., that the electromagnetic mass also depends on the direction of the moving bodies with respect to the aether ... ref Poincar stresses and 4 3 problem The idea of an electromagnetic nature of matter, however, had ... more details
File Hiss electromagnetic palmer 2003 01 30 T215005.png thumb en Very low frequency VLF en spectrogram spectrogram of electromagnetic en hiss electromagnetic hiss , as received by the en Stanford University Stanford University VLF group s wave receiver at en Palmer Station Palmer Station , en Antarctica Antarctica . The hiss can be seen between 500 Hz and 4000 Hz, sandwiched between components of en radio atmospheric sferics Electromagnetism Electromagnetic hiss is a naturally occurring Extremely Low Frequency Very Low Frequency electromagnetic wave i.e., 300 Hz 10 kHz that is generated in the plasma physics plasma of either the Earth s ionosphere or magnetosphere . Its name is derived from its incoherent, structureless spectral properties which, when played through an audio system, sound like white noise hence the onomatopoeia onomatopoetic name, hiss . Varieties Hiss may be observed in any of several varieties depending on local time and L shell of the observer ref Cite book last Sonwalkar first Vikas title Handbook of Atmospheric Electrodynamics, vol. II publisher CRC Press year 1995 location Boca Raton, FL pages 407 460 isbn 978 0849325205 ref Plasmaspheric hiss is generally observed within the plasmasphere , peaking in frequency slightly below 1 kHz and rarely exceeding 3 kHz. Exo hiss and ELF hiss are two varieties of hiss observed outside of the plasmasphere ... on OGO 2 and at Byrd Station in terms of incoherent Cerenkov radiation journal J. Geophys. Res ..., including Generation from discrete Dawn chorus electromagnetic chorus emissions ref Cite ... via electromagnetic impulses from terrestrial lightning , specifically via lightning generated ... S. F. last6 Reinisch first6 B. W. title On the origin of whistler mode radiation in the plasmasphere ... 2006JGRA..11109217M ref See also Dawn chorus electromagnetic Whistler radio List of plasma physics articles References Reflist Atmospheric electricity DEFAULTSORT Hiss Electromagnetic Category Electrical ... more details
for example, Electromagnetic forming An electromagnetic pulse sometimes abbreviated EMP is a burst of electromagneticradiation . The abrupt pulse of electromagneticradiation usually results from certain ... construction of electromagnetic bombs with diminished mechanical, thermal and ionizing radiation ... Electromagneticradiation Category Energy weapons Category Nuclear weapons Category Electromagnetic ... as a high altitude electromagnetic pulse HEMP device. Effects of a HEMP device depend on a very ... , gamma ray output, interactions with the Earth s magnetic field , and electromagnetic shielding of targets. History The fact that an electromagnetic pulse is produced by a nuclear explosion was known ... due to Enrico Fermi Enrico Fermi s expectation of an electromagnetic pulse from the detonation ... on Electromagnetic Compatibility. Vol. 49, No. 2. pp. 211&ndash 218. May 2007. http www.ece.unm.edu summa notes History BaumReminiscences.pdf ref ref name baum2 Baum, Carl E., From the Electromagnetic ... about nuclear electromagnetic pulse in 1981 by William Broad William J. Broad in the weekly publication ... provided electromagnetic pulse data that was clear enough to enable physicists to accurately identify the physical mechanisms that were producing the electromagnetic pulses. ref name nbcreport ... extinguished ref Rabinowitz, Mario 1987 Effect of the Fast Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse on the Electric ... Electromagnetic Pulse HEMP IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 40, No. 4, November ... , Electromagnetic Environments and Consequences Proceedings of the EUROEM 94 International Symposium ... generator for generating a non nuclear electromagnetic pulse was conceived as early as 1951 by Andrei ... nations. Characteristics of nuclear EMP The case of a nuclear electromagnetic pulse differs from other kinds of electromagnetic pulse EMP in being a complex electromagnetic multi pulse. The complex multi ... 020728 Electromagnetic compatibility EMC Part 2 Environment Section 9 Description of HEMP environment ... more details
wiktionarypar radiationRadiation is a process in which a body emits energy that propagates through a medium, or through empty space, to be absorbed by other bodies. Radiation may also refer to Physics Electromagneticradiation , radiation that takes the form of a self propagating wave of electric and magnetic fields, including such phenomena as radio waves and visible light Ionizing radiation , radiation that is of high enough energy to cause atoms to lose or gain electrons, rendering molecules, such as proteins, incapable of functioning Nuclear radiation , radiation, especially ionizing radiation, that emanates from nuclear processes such as radioactive decay Thermal radiation , electromagneticradiation that emanates from every object above absolute zero, in proportion to the fourth power of the temperature of the object Synchrotron radiation , also called a synchrotron light source, electromagneticradiation generated by the acceleration of fast moving charged particles through magnetic fields Medicine Radiation therapy , also called radiotherapy, a medical treatment that involves exposing part or all of the body to a controlled amount of ionizing radiationRadiation poisoning , a form of damage to organ tissue due to excessive exposure to ionizing radiationRadiation, characteristics of an affliction, such as pain, to spread to other parts of the body than the origin Evolutionary biology Evolutionary radiation , a diversification into several lineages from a common ancestor Adaptive radiation , an evolutionary radiation to fill many ecological niches Regulatory law Intentional radiator , radio waves that are produced by an electronic device as a necessary part of its function, such as those produced by a radio transmitter Unintentional radiator , undesirable radio waves ... of its design Music and arts Radiation album Radiation album , released in 1998, the tenth studio album by the British progressive rock band Marillion Radiation a song by the Welsh rock band Feeder ... more details
In telecommunication , electromagnetic survivability is the ability of a system , subsystem, or equipment to resume functioning without evidence of Degradation telecommunications degradation following temporary exposure to an adverse electromagnetic environment . The system, subsystem, or equipment performance may be degraded during exposure to the adverse electromagnetic environment, but the system will not experience permanent damage, such as electronic component component burnout, that will prevent proper operation when the adverse electromagnetic environment is removed. References FS1037C MS188 Category Telecommunications telecommunications stub ... more details
capacitive , Electromagnetic induction magnetic or inductive, and Electromagneticradiation radiative ... 250px LPDA antenna measurement for outdoor Electromagnetic compatibility EMC is the branch of electrical sciences which studies the unintentional generation, propagation and reception of electromagnetic energy with reference to the unwanted effects Electromagnetic interference , or EMI that such energy may induce. The goal of EMC is the correct operation, in the same electromagnetic environment, of different equipment which use electromagnetic phenomena, and the avoidance of any interference effects ... to the unwanted generation of electromagnetic energy by some source , and to the countermeasures ... electromagnetic disturbances. Interference mitigation and hence electromagnetic compatibility is achieved ... addressed to increase its attenuation. Discussion Based on the above definition, Electromagnetic ... electromagnetic environment without introducing intolerable interference into any thing in that environment ... intolerable electromagnetic interference . This means that any emission of EMI by the equipment ... has both high immunity and low emissions, it will be compatible in electromagnetic sense ... EMC citation needed date April 2012 . Types of interference main Electromagnetic interference Electromagnetic ... welders CDMA mobile telephony Pulse or transient interference Electromagnetic Pulse, EMP, also sometimes ... , as a result of two charged objects coming into close proximity or even contact. Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse LEMP , although typically a short series of pulses. atomic nucleus Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse NEMP , as a result of a nuclear explosion. Non Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse NNEMP weapons ... of cosmic microwave background radiation one famous case , the Big Bang at the origin of the Universe. File EMI coupling modes.svg thumb 420px center The four electromagnetic interference EMI coupling ... conductor. Radiative coupling Radiative coupling or electromagnetic coupling occurs when source and victim ... more details
electromagnetism cTopic Electrodynamics An electromagnetic pump is a pump that moves liquid metal or any electrically conductive liquid using electromagnetism . A magnetic field is set at right angles to the direction the liquid moves in, and a current is passed through it. This causes an electromagnetic force that moves the liquid. Applications include pumping liquid metal through a cooling system. See also Electromagnetic flow meter Molten salt References references Bibliography R. S. Baker Handbook of Electromagnetic pump technology External links http lecturedemo.ph.unimelb.edu.au Electricity Magnetism Forces fields from currents Ea 5 The Electromagnetic Pump demo http www.comsol.com papers 9352 http www.carli ea.com eng c3b.htm Category Pumps electromagnetism stub ro Pomp electromagnetic ... more details
Optical radiation is part of the electromagnetic spectrum . It is subdivided into ultraviolet radiation UV , the spectrum of light visible for man VIS and infrared radiation IR . It ranges between wavelengths of 100 nm to 1 mm. Effects Optical radiation may produce positive as well as negative effects. It is therefore necessary to arrange for reasonable exposure to optical radiation. Primarily UV radiation, but also IR radiation, may be both beneficial and detrimental for man. The natural source of both types of radiation is sun. Artificial sources of UV radiation are among others UV lamps or emitters as for example in solaria. Artificial IR radiation is generated by devices such as light bulbs or radiant heaters. Excessive exposure to natural or artificial UV radiation means immediate acute and long term chronic damage to the eye and skin. Excess of IR radiation may also cause health detriment. Recent studies have shown that chronic exposure to IR radiation alone or combined with UV radiation may induce skin damage. It is therefore necessary to arrange for reasonable exposure to optical radiation. Specifications The European Union EU has laid down minimum harmonized requirements for the protection of workers against the risks arising from exposure to Artificial Optical Radiation e.g. UVA, laser, etc. in the Directive http eur lex.europa.eu smartapi cgi sga doc?smartapi celexplus prod DocNumber&lg en&type doc Directive&an doc 2006&nu doc 25 2006 25 EC . A Non binding guide to good practice for implementing Directive 2006 25 EC Artificial Optical Radiation is available on this http ec.europa.eu social main.jsp?catId 148&langId en&pubId 5926&type 2&furtherPubs yes page . Category Electromagnetic spectrum Category Electromagneticradiation ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Electromagnetic buoyancy EMB is a force that opposes Lorentz force EMW during electromagnetic phoresis of small particles or droplets in an aqueous medium. Though this force is still being researched, it has been clearly observed in experimental procedures. Category Electromagnetism electromagnetism stub ... more details
Image Electromagnetic oscillograph img 1647.jpg thumb An electromagnetic oscillograph is an oscillograph which measures variations of electric current by having it go through a magnetic coil. Variations in current induce momentum in the coil, which can be directly measured. The electromagnetic oscillograph was invented by William Duddell . Some models utilise a mirror which reflects a beam of light, allowing measurement of minute movements of the coil. Other were fitted with a hand, possibly fitted with a pen to record values. External links http chem.ch.huji.ac.il history duddell.html William du Bois Duddell http www.freepatentsonline.com 2466691.html Electromagnetic oscillograph Category Measuring instruments Category British inventions ... more details
Hard radiation is a term used to describe high energy electromagneticradiation , typically high energy X ray s or gamma ray s. The term refers to the ability of the rays to penetrate a given thickness of material, typically a lead shield. Hard radiation is able to cross 167 gcm sup 2 sup of lead composed by p with energy greater than 1 Electronvolt GeV , m with E 300 Electronvolt MeV and e and g with E 10 GeV ref cite web title Cosmic Ray Physics url http www.cnr.it sitocnr Englishversion Englishversion.html date work author M. Brunetti accessdate 21 August 2009 ref See also Soft radiation Ultrasoft radiation References reflist DEFAULTSORT Hard Radiation Category Radiation Physics stub zh ... more details
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