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Encyclopædia Britannica
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advert date March 2012 Infobox software name Encyclop dia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite title screenshot File Encyclopaedia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite.png 250px caption Encyclop dia Britannica 2010 Ultimate Reference Suite DVD collapsible author Encyclop dia Britannica, Inc. developer Encyclop dia Britannica, Inc. released Start date and age 2004 discontinued latest release version 2012 latest release date Start date and age 2012 latest preview version latest preview date Start date and age YYYY MM DD frequently updated programming language operating system Microsoft Windows br Mac OS X platform size 4.2 Gigabyte GB language English status Active genre Encyclopedia license website URL http store.britannica.com products 04211280jcas Encyclop dia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite is an encyclop dia published by Encyclop dia Britannica, Inc. , available on DVD . Product description ... needed date April 2012 Awards Encyclop dia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite received the 2004 Distinguished ... There is no official release of Britannica for the Linux Linux operating system , however, a script is provided that can help experienced users run Encyclop dia Britannica 2004 Ultimate Reference Suite DVD and other 2004 editions of Britannica on Linux, with some limitations for example the dictionary ... 10.4.x w or 10.6.x. w Java 1.5 See also Encyclop dia Britannica Encyclop dia Britannica Online References Reflist 2 External links http www.britannica.com Official Britannica website http www.britannicastore.com Britannica 2011 Ultimate Reference DVD invt 04211180jcas Britannica 2011 Ultimate Reference Suite DVD Brtiannica Store http encyclopedia review.toptenreviews.com britannica ultimate reference ... britannica 2010 ultimate edition dvd Review at expertreviews.co.uk Category Encyclopedias ... Dictionaries Category Reference works Category Encyclop dia Britannica Category Educational materials ... Encyclop dia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite ... more details
Wikify date July 2011 Unreferenced date January 2007 Elkan Harrison Powell 21 November 1888 8 May 1966 was the president of Encyclop dia Britannica Inc. who introduced the policies of continuous revision and of leveraging the Britannica s fame to market successful spin off products, such as historical overviews, compilations of good Britannica articles, children s encyclopedias and atlases. These policies are still in practice today. Powell was a vice president at Sears Roebuck in 1932, when the publisher of the Britannica , Benjamin J. Cox , resigned. Powell quickly analyzed the factors affecting the profitability of the Britannica and hit upon the continuous revision policy in 1933. New Britannica branded products such as the 12 volume children s encyclopedia, Britannica Junior , appeared only a year later. Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Powell, Elkan Harrison ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 21 November 1888 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 8 May 1966 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Powell, Elkan Harrison Category Encyclop dia Britannica Category American businesspeople Category 1888 births Category 1966 deaths pt Elkan Harrison Powell ... more details
strategies, including the publication of all digital editions of the Encyclop dia Britannica . ref ... Britannica News Releases Jorge Cauz named president of Encyclop dia Britannica ref One of the key aspects ... Encyclop dia Britannica Out Of Business ref Britannica has, in that time, introduced a free albeit abridged ... for unabridged content. Since his tenure, it is believed that Britannica has succeeded in transitioning its business model into that of a digital publisher and while its revenues are lower, Britannica has been profitable since 2004. ref cite web title Encyclop dia Britannica Helps Prove That With Information ... 11 29 ref Britannica and Wikipedia During Cauz s tenure, officials from Britannica have become outspoken ... threat to Britannica , ref cite web title The amorality of Web 2.0 url http www.roughtype.com ... articles and that Wikipedia is to Britannica as American Idol is to the Juilliard School . ref cite ... and the Voices of Experts June 3, 2008 ref See also Encyclop dia Britannica Eleventh Edition commons Category Images from Encyclop dia Britannica Images from Encyclop dia Britannica References Reflist ... Britannica Category American businesspeople Category Encyclopedists Category Living people Category ... more details
Dr. Harvey Einbinder born 1926 , an USA American physicist and amateur historian, spent five years combing the Encyclop dia Britannica for flaws, and found enough to fill a 390 page book, called The Myth of the Britannica , published by Grove Press in 1964. As summarized by The Age two years later, Einbinder s book showed beyond argument that the Britannica was not a completely impartial and absolutely infallible work of general reference that 666 articles in the 1963 edition were reprinted from editions dating back to 1875 in some cases that American influence on its editorial policy had become dominant . ref Peter Westcott http news.google.com newspapers?id DEoQAAAAIBAJ&sjid XpMDAAAAIBAJ&pg 3633,4887304 Britannica on the Shelves review of the 1965 edition of Encyclop dia Britannica , The Age, 28 May 1966, p.25 ref Einbinder at one point also disputed the historical accuracy of the Black Hole of Calcutta account. Among his other publications are An American Genius Frank Lloyd Wright , and the play Mah Name is Lyndon . References references Derek J. de Solla Price De Solla Price, Derek J. 1964 . A Great Encyclopedia Doesn t Have To Be Good? Science , Volume 144, Issue 3619, pp. 665 666. Review of Einbinder s The Myth of the Britannica . Publications The Myth of the Britannica . New York Grove Press , 1964 London MacGibbon & Kee, 1964 New York Johnson Reprint Corp., 1972 Politics and the new Britannica , The Nation 220 11 342 4 1975 Review of the Britannica 3 An American genius Frank Lloyd Wright . New York Philosophical Library, 1986, ISBN 080222511X Mah name is Lyndon a play . Illustrated by Florence Safadi. New York, Lady Bird Press. 1968 Use dmy dates date December 2011 Persondata NAME Einbinder, Harvey ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1926 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Einbinder, Harvey Category Encyclop dia Britannica Category American physicists Category 1926 births Category Living people US physicist stub US non ... more details
File Encyclopaedia Britannica 15 with 2002.jpg 150px right The 17 volume Macrop dia is the third part of the Encyclop dia Britannica the other two parts are the 12 volume Microp dia and the 1 volume Prop dia . The name Macrop dia is a neologism coined by Mortimer J. Adler from the Greek language ancient Greek words for large and instruction the best English translation is perhaps Full instruction . This translation is consistent with Dr. Adler s intention that the Macrop dia serve students who wish to learn a field in depth for comparison, the short articles of the Microp dia are intended for quick fact checking. ref cite encyclopedia last Adler first Mortimer J. authorlink Mortimer J. Adler title Circle of Learning encyclopedia The new Encyclop dia Britannica, 15th edition year 2007 publisher Encyclop dia Britannica Inc. location Chicago ref The Macrop dia was introduced in the History of the Encyclop dia Britannica First version 1974 1984 15th edition 1974 with 19 volumes having 4,207 articles. In the History of the Encyclop dia Britannica Second version 1985 present drastic reorganization of that edition in 1985, these articles were combined and condensed into 17 volumes with roughly 700 articles, ranging in length from 2 310 pages. The longest article, on the United States , resulted from the merging of the 50 articles on each U.S. state state . The articles of the Macrop dia are generally written by named contributors and have references, in contrast to the roughly 65,000 articles of the Microp dia that have no named contributor and no references. However, some parts of the Macrop dia were written by the Staff of the Encyclop dia Britannica editorial staff of the Britannica such editorial articles are identified by the initials Ed. Since its reorganization, the Macrop dia has not remained constant. New articles are constantly being added, whereas older articles are sometimes ... also Encyclop dia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite References reflist Category Encyclop dia Britannica ... more details
Taxobox name Spruce Carpet image Thera britannica01.jpg image width 240px regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Lepidoptera familia Geometridae genus Thera moth Thera species T. britannica binomial Thera britannica binomial authority Alfred Jefferis Turner Turner , 1925 The Spruce Carpet Thera britannica is a species of moth . Its wingspan is about 30 36 mm. It is a double brooded species, meaning it has two broods in one year. Its wings are colored with different shades of gray, but the spring brood tends to have more brown colors. It is attracted to spruce trees. Its flight periods are April to late June spring brood and from the end of August to mid October autumn brood . External links http www.habitas.org.uk moths species.asp?item 5849 Species Information Category Cidariini Larentiinae stub fr Thera britannica nl Schijn sparspanner no Edelgranbarm ler vi Thera britannica ... more details
Don Yannias born 1958 Fact date February 2007 was appointed to be the Chief Executive Officer of Encyclop dia Britannica Inc. on 4 March 1997, after having become a director in January 1996. He was instrumental in developing the digital CD DVD ROM and online versions of the Encyclop dia Britannica . In 1999, Yannias was appointed CEO of Britannica.com Inc. , when that company was set up as a separate corporation to deal with the Britannica s digital assets. On 19 May 2001, Yannias was replaced by Ilan Yeshua , who brought more than 20 years experience in educational software and publishing. Yannias returned to his prior career in investment management but remains on the Britannica s board of directors. Yannias graduated with an MBA from The Ohio State University . References http corporate.britannica.com press releases yannias.html Press release on the appointment of Yannias as CEO 4 March 1997 http www.charlestonco.com pressrm viewpr.cfm?id 92 Press release announcing Yannias replacement as CEO 16 May 2001 DEFAULTSORT Yannias, Don Category Encyclop dia Britannica Category Ohio State University alumni pt Don Yannias ... more details
Colymbiformes is a disused scientific classification order of bird s that was once used to classify grebe s and loon s. Scientific study has revealed that these two types of waterbird s are not so closely related they have been reclassified in the orders Podicipediformes and Gaviiformes , respectively. References http www.britannica.com eb article 9024904 Colymbiformes . Encyclop dia Britannica . 2005. Encyclop dia Britannica Premium Service. Category Birds by classification Category Obsolete taxonomic groups bird stub fr Colymbiformes ... more details
oneref date April 2012 File HK Britannica Micropedia Ready Reference Index 1 7.JPG thumb Microp dia volumes The 12 volume Microp dia is one of the three parts of the History of the Encyclop dia Britannica 15th edition of Encyclop dia Britannica , the other two being the one volume Prop dia and the 17 volume Macrop dia . The name Microp dia is a neologism coined by Mortimer J. Adler from the Greek language ancient Greek words for small and instruction the best English translation is perhaps brief lessons . The Microp dia was introduced in 1974 with 10 volumes having 102,214 short articles, all of which were strictly fewer than 750 words. This limit was relaxed in the History of the Encyclop dia Britannica major re organization of the 15th edition many articles were condensed together, resulting in roughly 65,000 articles in 12 volumes. In general, the 750 word limit is still respected and most articles are only 1 2 paragraphs however, a few longer articles can be found in the 2007 Microp dia , such as the Internet entry, which takes up a full page. With rare exceptions 3 , the 65,000 articles of the Microp dia have no bibliographies and no named contributors. The Microp dia is intended primarily for quick fact checking and as a guide to the 700 longer articles of the Macrop dia , ref cite encyclopedia last Adler first Mortimer J. authorlink Mortimer J. Adler title Circle of Learning encyclopedia The New Encyclop dia Britannica, 15th edition year 2007 publisher Encyclop dia Britannica Inc. location Chicago ref which do have identified authors and bibliographies. See also Anabritannica Encyclop dia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite References reflist Category Encyclop dia Britannica ref book stub he simple Micropaedia zh ... more details
The Treaty of Poona was signed in 1817 between the Honourable East India Company East India Company and the Peshwa ruler of Bundelkhand . The treaty resulted in the British gaining control of the territory. ref wikisource 1911 Encyclop dia Britannica Bundelkhand Bundelkhand Encyclop dia Britannica ref References reflist Category 1817 in India Category Indian historical documents Category Treaties of British India Category 1817 treaties Category Treaties of the United Kingdom Category Treaties of India India hist stub ... more details
dablink For the general concept of a fresh water canal , see Aqueduct and Canal File Suez Canal Ismailia2 courtesy copy.jpg thumb Fresh Water Canal. The Fresh Water Canal is a modern canal of Egypt , also called the Isma lia Canal, that runs through the now dry distributary of the Wadi Tumilat ref name Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica , 11th edition, s.v. http www.1911encyclopedia.org Suez Canal Suez Canal . Accessed 8 August 2008. ref and from Cairo to Suez . ref name Britannica Designed by France French engineers, it was constructed between 1861 and 1863. ref name Britannica The course that this canal follows reportedly incorporated portions of an earlier Suez Canal Suez canal ref name Britannica ref name Rappoport Rappoport, S. Doctor of Philosophy, Basel . History of Egypt undated, early 20th century , Volume 12, Part B, Chapter V The Waterways of Egypt, pages 251 257. London The Grolier Society. ref that existed between Old Cairo and the Red Sea ref name Britannica ref name Rappoport constructed by either Amr ibn al As , ref name Britannica Umar Omar the Great , ref name Rappoport or Trajan . ref name Britannica ref name Rappoport The terms Fresh Water Canal, Sweet Water Canal and Isma lia Canal have been used interchangeably by previous writers, ref For example, Rappoport page 267, referenced above states that it is the fresh water canal which supplies drinking water between Port Said and all the floating population about the banks of the Suez Canal . Also already are the terms Isma lia Canal and Fresh Water Canal used interchangeably. ref causing a source of confusion. Notes reflist Suez Canal Category Suez Canal Fresh Water Canal ... more details
The intrascleral plexus is the network of blood vessel s within the substance of the sclera . Blood enters from the small connecting channels from Schlemm s canal it exits through superficial vessels, then passing it on to the anterior ciliary veins . ref eye, human. Encyclop dia Britannica from Encyclop dia Britannica 2006 Ultimate Reference Suite DVD 2009 ref References references Category Human anatomy Eye stub ... more details
11, 2007 was editor of Encyclop dia Britannica from 1964 to 1975, during the development of Britannica ... eb Preece, Warren E. Encyclop dia Britannica 2006 Ultimate Reference Suite DVD . ref Preece was born ... degree from Columbia University in 1947. Before joining Britannica he worked as a newspaper reporter ... of Connecticut. In 1957 he was hired by William Benton senator William Benton , publisher of Britannica ... with an interruption in 1968 69, the year of the Britannica s Bicentennial of the Encyclop dia Britannica bicentennial until 1975, the year after the publication of the 15th edition. The 15th ... until 1979. He was coauthor of The Technological Order 1962 and a contributor to Britannica , notably .... Technology and Culture , Vol. 3, No. 4, Proceedings of the Encyclop dia Britannica Conference on the Technological ... Fox first Margalit title Warren E. Preece, 85, Who Revamped Encyclop dia Britannica, Dies url http www.nytimes.com ... History of the Encyclop dia Britannica William Benton senator William Benton , owner of the Britannica through most of Preece s tenure Encyclop dia Britannica, Inc. References reflist colwidth 30em External ... 9061243 Warren E Preece encyclopedia Encyclop dia Britannica edition 15th edition publisher Encyclop dia Britannica, Inc. Encyclop dia Britannica, Inc From Encyclop dia Britannica Online. cite encyclopedia ... Encyclop dia Britannica edition 15th edition publisher Encyclop dia Britannica, Inc. Encyclop dia Britannica, Inc From Encyclop dia Britannica Online. http www.library.ucsb.edu speccoll sbauthors ... Encyclop dia Britannica Category American book editors Category People from Norwalk, Connecticut ... more details
unreferenced date March 2011 Bichitr was an Indian painter during the Mughal Empire Mughal period, patronized by the emperors Jahangir and Shah Jahan . External links http www.britannica.com EBchecked topic 64654 Bichitr Britannica entry on Bichitr Category Mughal painters ... more details
The Chinde River is a distributary of the Zambezi river delta in Mozambique . The town of Chinde is located on its banks. ref name eb cite web url http www.britannica.com eb article 9000673 Chinde title Chinde accessdate 2007 03 25 work Britannica Online publisher Encyclop dia Britannica, Inc. Encyclop dia Britannica, Inc ref References reflist External links http www.filatelia.fi articles mozambique.html chinde Map showing the Chinde River Rivers of Mozambique coord 18 35 S 36 28 E region MZ type city display title Category Rivers of Mozambique Category Tributaries of the Zambezi River Category Mozambique Channel Mozambique geo stub pl Chinde fi Chinde zh ... more details
other Latina disambiguation Latina is the most common type northern Indian Sikhara tower or spire on top of a shrine , comprising a single curvilinear projection formed by superimposing horizontal slabs of stone. The two variant and more elaborate northern Indian towers the Sekhari architecture Sekhari and the Bhumija architecture Bhumija towers are based on the Latina plan. ref name bhumija cite web title bhumija Indian architecture url http www.britannica.com eb topic 331968 latina author publisher Encyclop dia Britannica work accessdate 2007 12 30 ref Notes reflist 2 References http www.britannica.com eb topic 331968 latina Latina Encyclop dia Britannica http www.britannica.com eb topic 533047 sekhari Sekhari Encyclop dia Britannica Architecture of India Category Indian architectural styles Category Architectural styles ... more details
A Wainscot chair is a type of chair which were common in the early 17th century England and colonial America. ref wainscot chair. Encyclop dia Britannica. Encyclop dia Britannica Online. Encyclop dia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 10 Apr. 2012. ref Usually made of oak , the term can either mean a fairly simply chair in the most general sense. The specific details of the type are discussed below. Details of the Wainscot chair When used in a specific sense, there are many characteristics that are implied. These include the front legs having been shaped on a lathe , the back legs being square sectioned, having arm supports, lacking an upholstered seat, a carved wooden back in a relatively complex design. References references Category Chairs ... more details
Whimsey glass is work that is created for no useful purpose, so named as it is made on a whimsey of the glassmaker. Also known as frigger, it became one of the most sought after styles of glass during the 19th century, especially representations of boots and shoes, though this style of glass is first recorded in 15th century Germany . ref whimsey glass. Encyclop dia Britannica. Encyclop dia Britannica Online. Encyclop dia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 12 Apr. 2012. ref During the 19th century its popularity was as a souvenir but also due to its display in trade exhibitions. References references Category Glass art ... more details
Colin Macfarquhar 1745? &ndash 2 April 1793 was a Scotland Scottish bookseller and printer publisher printer . He is best known for being one of the Society of Gentlemen in Scotland , along with Andrew Bell engraver Andrew Bell , who first published the Encyclop dia Britannica . ref Cite book title Encyclop dia Britannica , 11th Edition chapter s 1911 Encyclop dia Britannica Prefatory Note Prefactory Note year 1911 ref Macfarquhar also contributed heavily to the second and third edition. ref cite encyclopedia title Oxford Dictionary of National Biography entry Bell, Andrew year 2004 ref The dates of his birth and death remain uncertain, even to Britannica itself. Citation needed date September 2010 References Reflist Use dmy dates date September 2010 Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Macfarquhar, Colin ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1745 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1793 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Macfarquhar, Colin Category Encyclop dia Britannica Category 1745 births Category 1793 deaths Category Scottish businesspeople Category Scottish printers Category 18th century Scottish people Category People from Edinburgh Category Scottish encyclopedists Scotland business bio stub UK business bio 1740s stub pt Colin Macfarquhar ru , sco Colin Macfarquhar ... more details
A caramoussal from lang tr karam rsel ref name m w http www.merriam webster.com dictionary caramoussal caramoussal. Webster s Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged. Merriam Webster. 2002. ref is a high pooped historical trading and naval ship of the Ottoman Navy . ref name m w They were particularly active in the 17th century Ottoman Empire . ref name m w History They were started to be built during the period of the first Ottoman Kapudan Pasha , Karam rsel Bey, in the dockyard of the town of Karam rsel . ref name britannica karam rsel. Ana Britannica Ansiklopedisi. Encyclop dia Britannica. Turkish edition . Ana Yay nc l k, 1988. ref In the early periods they were only used in the Marmara Sea . Later in 15th and 16th centuries, a new type of ship was designed with the same name, and was largely used in transportation and shipping, as well as in the fleet of light ships. ref name britannica They were approximately 13 m. long, being the smallest of Ottoman galley type vessels. ref name britannica References Reflist External links Wiktionary Category Ship types Category Turkish loanwords Ship type stub Ottoman stub tr Karam rsel Gemisi ... more details
. Britannica s 1989 Compton s Multimedia Encyclopedia was the first multimedia CD ROM encyclopedia ... English language encyclopedias Category Encyclop dia Britannica Category 1994 software fr Encyclop die ... more details
britannica, being a standard table of logarithms to twenty decimal places. Part III, Numbers 30,000 to 40,000, 1937, Cambridge University Press Alexander John Thompson Logarithmetica britannica, being ... University Press Alexander John Thompson Logarithmetica britannica, being a standard table ... Press Alexander John Thompson Logarithmetica britannica, being a standard table of logarithms to twenty ... Thompson Logarithmetica britannica, being a standard table of logarithms to twenty decimal places ... britannica, being a standard table of logarithms to twenty decimal places. Part VIII, Numbers 80,000 to 90,000, 1927, Cambridge University Press Alexander John Thompson Logarithmetica britannica ... more details
Ilan Yeshua is the current chief executive officer CEO of Walla Communications Channels Ltd. ref http www.walla.co.il ref since November 2006 , an Israeli web portal, traded on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange . He is a former chief executive officer CEO of both Encyclop dia Britannica Inc. and Britannica.com Inc. . On 16 May 2001, he replaced Don Yannias in the latter position. When Britannica.com Inc. was spun off from Encyclop dia Britannica Inc. in 1999 to develop the Britannica s digital versions, Yannias switched to being CEO of Britannica.com Inc., leaving the CEO ship of Encyclop dia Britannica Inc. vacant. The two CEO ships were re united under Yeshua, who had been serving as CEO of Britannica Israel, Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of Britannica.com Inc. Before his time with the Britannica , Yeshua was long associated with the http www.cet.org.il Centre for Educational Technology CET , an educational technology firm based in Tel Aviv that was partially acquired by Britannica.com Inc. At CET, he worked his way up through several positions, including marketing manager, head of the medical division and developer of educational learning materials, and finally deputy general director. He also served as chief executive officer for a CET subsidiary, the Centre for Educational Technology Holdings Yeshua obtained a bachelor s degree with honors in medical science from Hebrew University and an Executive MBA Magna Cum Laude from Tel Aviv University . References references http www.charlestonco.com pressrm viewpr.cfm?id 92 Press release announcing Yannias replacement as CEO 19 May 2001 Category Encyclop dia Britannica Yeshua, Ilan pt Ilan Yeshua ... more details
s First Britannica, 1789 1803 publisher University of Pennsylvania Press location Philadelphia ref Dobson s Encyclop dia is a reprint of the contemporary Encyclop dia Britannica Third Edition 3rd edition of the Encyclop dia Britannica published 1788 1797 , although Dobson s Encyclop dia was a somewhat ... Britannica was dropped from the title, the dedication to George III of the United Kingdom King George ..., the work is largely a reprint of Britannica. The plates were re engraved from the originals as accurately as possible, but some were changed. For example, the map of North America used in Britannica ... of date. Dobson s used a larger and more detailed and updated map, but re used Britannica s old map ... in any edition of Britannica Its retail price was five Pennsylvania dollars per volume, about 15 less than the price of Britannica in America, due to import tax on British books. ref Richard B Sher ... the Britannica , Dobson s Encyclop dia was published in weekly numbers, which could be then bound into volumes ... an offensive article from the Britannica , which had been written by George Gleig soon to be Bishop ... the Encyclop dia . Comparison with the Britannica s 3rd edition File DobsonsEncyclo.jpeg thumb ... Britannica, 1797.jpg 200px thumb left Title page of a volume from the Third Edition of Encyclop dia Britannica. Most of Dobson s Encyclop dia is a copy of the 3rd edition of the Britannica ... in the United States Native American peoples , which had been called slavish by the Britannica s editors ... of the Britannica that the skins and skulls of Indians are thicker than the skins and skulls of many ... before the Encyclopedia was finished. He began work on it before Britannica advertised their intensions ... to 2 for Britannica. In 1803, Dobson published a three volume supplement to match and surpass the two volume supplement published by the Britannica in 1801. The Supplement was more independent and more ... is a relatively poor conductor of heat , which had been criticized by an important Britannica contributor ... more details
The Conscience Whigs were a faction of the Whig Party United States Whig Party in the state of Massachusetts noted for their moral opposition to slavery . They were noted as opponents of the more conservative Cotton Whigs who dominated the state party, led by such figures as Edward Everett , Robert C. Winthrop , and Abbott Lawrence , whose close association with the New England textile industry led them to de emphasize the slavery issue. Leaders of the Conscience Whigs included Charles Sumner , Henry Wilson , and Charles Francis Adams, Sr. Charles Francis Adams . The group split from the Whig party in 1848, when the national party nominated the slave owning General Zachary Taylor for President, and played a role in the creation of the new Free Soil Party , which nominated Adams for Vice President in that year. Following the failure of the Free Soil Party in that year, however, many Conscience Whigs returned to the Whig fold, and their leaders played an important role later in the foundation of the Republican Party United States Republican Party . The term Conscience Whig is sometimes used more broadly to refer to Whigs in other states noted for their opposition to slavery. References Whigs A Dictionary of British History. Ed. John Cannon. Oxford University Press, 2001. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. Shawnee State University. 6 February 2006 http www.oxfordreference.com views ENTRY.html?subview Main&entry t43.e3657 Free Soil Party. Encyclop dia Britannica. 2006. Encyclop dia Britannica Online. 5 Feb, 2006 http search.eb.com eb article 9035288. Howe, Daniel. The Political Culture of the American Whigs. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1979. Liberty Party . Encyclop dia Britannica. 2006. Encyclop dia Britannica Online 5 Feb. 2006 http search.eb.com eb article 9048133. Whig Party . Encyclop dia Britannica. 2006. Encyclop dia Britannica Online, 5 Feb. http search.eb.com eb article 9076767. Category Defunct political parties in the United State ... more details
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