is exothermic reaction exothermic or endothermic reaction endothermic . For example, as a solid sample ... the endothermic phase transition from solid to liquid. Likewise, as the sample undergoes exothermic ... sub . The melting process results in an endothermic peak in the DSC curve. The ability to determine ... Endothermic Exothermic Forensic engineering Forensic polymer engineering Glass transition temperature ... more details
highly endothermic . It contains a lot of chemically bound water, in hydrate s. As this is released ... drywall assemblies required to have a fire resistance rating. The endothermic and insulative action ... Fire protection Passive fire protection Firestop s Putty Fireproofing Firestop pillow Endothermic ... more details
A Thermochemical Equation is a balanced stoichiometric chemical equation that includes the enthalpy change, H. In variable form, a thermochemical equation would look like this A B C H Where A, B, C are the usual agents of a chemical equation with coefficients and is a positive or negative numerical value, usually with units of kJ. Understanding Aspects of Thermochemical Equations Enthalpy H is the transfer of energy in a reaction for chemical reactions it is in the form of heat and H is the change in enthalpy. H is a state function. Being a state function means that H is independent of the processes between initial and final states. In other words, it does not matter what steps we take to get from initial reactants to final products the H will always be the same. Hrxn, or the change in enthalpy of a reaction, has the same value of H as in a thermochemical equation, but is in units of kJ mol being that it is the enthalpy change per mole unit moles of any particular substance in the equation. Values of H are determined experimentally under standard conditions of 1atm and 25 C 298.15K . As discussed earlier, H can have a positive or negative sign. A positive sign means that the system uses heat and is endothermic . The negative value means that heat is produced and the system is exothermic . Endothermic A B Heat C, H 0 Exothermic A B C Heat, H 0 Since enthalpy is a state function, the H given for a particular reaction is only true for that exact reaction. Physical states of reactants or products matter, as do molar concentrations. This matter of H being dependent on physical state and molar concentration means that thermochemical equations must be stoichiometrically correct. If one agent of the equation is changed through multiplication, then all agents must be proportionally changed, including H. See Manipulating Thermochemical Equations, below. Thermochemical equation s multiplicative property is largely due to the First Law of Thermodynamics , which s ... more details
of gelatinized starch. As water is heated with starch granules, gelatinization occurs, involving an endothermic .... T peak is the position where the endothermic reaction occurs at the maximum. T conclusion is when all ... more details
based instumescents. There is also no significant Endothermic release of chemically bound water ... use and compliance Endothermic Intumescent Mineral wool Mortar firestop Passive fire protection ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 430784049 Name Dicyanoacetylene ImageFile Carbon subnitride.png ImageFile1 Carbon subnitride 3D balls.png ImageFile2 Carbon subnitride 3D vdW.png Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo Ref cascite correct ?? CASNo 1071 98 3 Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 4 sub N sub 2 sub MolarMass 76.06 g mol Density 0.907 g cm sup 3 sup MeltingPt 20.5 C BoilingPt 76.5 C Section4 Chembox Thermochemistry DeltaHf 500.4 kJ mol Section8 Chembox Other OtherCpds Carbon suboxide br Cyanogen Dicyanoacetylene , also called carbon subnitride or but 2 ynedinitrile IUPAC , is a compound of carbon and nitrogen with chemical formula C sub 4 sub N sub 2 sub . It has a linear molecular structure, N C C C C N often abbreviated as NC sub 4 sub N , with alternating triple and single covalent bond s. It can be viewed as acetylene with the two hydrogen atoms replaced by cyanide groups. At room temperature, dicyanoacetylene is a clear liquid. Because of its high endothermic heat of formation , it can explode to carbon powder and nitrogen gas, and it burns in oxygen with a bright blue white flame at a temperature of 5260 K 4990 C, 9010 F , ref cite journal author Kirshenbaum, A. D. Grosse, A. V. year 1956 title The Combustion of Carbon Subnitride, C sub 4 sub N sub 2 sub , and a Chemical Method for the Production of Continuous Temperatures in the Range of 5000 6000 K journal Journal of the American Chemical Society volume 78 issue 9 pages 2020 doi 10.1021 ja01590a075 ref which is the hottest flame of any chemical. This high flame temperature is also the result of the absence of hydrogen, and, therefore, water as a combustion product. Because of its high specific heat, water vapor as a combustion product tends to lower the flame temperature of hydrogen containing compounds. The endothermic dissociation of water at high temperatures above 2000 C also prevents flame temperatures from rising above 3000 to 4000 C. Synthesis Dicyanoacetylene can be prepared by passing nitrogen gas ... more details
About the type of material the remote shell client PuTTY other uses unreferenced date August 2011 File Fsp firestop.jpg thumb Intumescent firestop putty being used over top of ceramic fibre packing to restore the two hour fire resistance rating of a concrete floor slab, with cable penetrant s in a building in Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada . File Putty reentry.jpg thumb right Intumescent firestop putty used in a successful fire test , which led to a Underwriters Laboratories UL certification listing . Putty is a generic term for a Plasticity physics plastic material similar in texture to clay or dough typically used in domestic construction and repair as a sealant or filler. Painter s Putty is typically a linseed oil based product used for filling holes, minor cracks and defacements in wood only. Putties can also be made intumescent , in which case they are used for firestop ping as well as for padding of Junction box electrical outlet boxes in Fire resistance rating fire resistance rated drywall assemblies. In the latter case, hydrates in the putty produce an endothermic reaction to mitigate heat transfer to the unexposed side. Overview Specifically putty has been used extensively in insulated glazing glazing for fixing and sealing panes of glass into wooden frames or sashes , although its use is decreasing with the prevalence of polyvinyl chloride PVC and metal window frames which use synthetic sealants such as silicone . Certain types of putty also have use in the field of terminal ballistics , where the putty can accurately represent the average density of the human body. As such it can be used, for instance, to test the penetrative power of projectile s, or the stopping power of Bulletproof vest body armour . Glazing putty is traditionally made by mixing a base of whiting finely ground chalk with linseed oil in various proportions. There are a number of synthetic alternatives such as polybutene based putties, where the polybutene is a low molecular weigh ... more details
Free radical addition is an addition reaction in organic chemistry involving free radical s. ref L.G. Wade s Organic Chemistry 5th Ed. p 319 Mechanism supplements original. ref The addition may occur between a radical and a non radical, or between two radicals. The basic steps with examples of the free radical addition also known as radical chain mechanism are Initiation chemistry Initiation by a radical initiator A radical is created from a non radical precursor. Chain propagation A radical reacts with a non radical to produce a new radical species Chain termination Two radicals react with each other to create a non radical species Free radical reactions depend on a reagent having a relatively weak bond, allowing it to homolysis homolyse to form radicals often with heat or light . Reagents without such a weak bond would likely proceed via a different mechanism. An example of an addition reaction involving aryl radicals is the Meerwein arylation . Addition of mineral acid to an alkene To illustrate, consider the alkoxy radical catalyzed, anti Markovnikov s rule Markovnikov reaction of hydrogen bromide to an alkene. In this reaction, a catalytic amount of organic peroxide is needed to abstract the acidic proton from HBr and generate the bromine radical, however a full molar equivalent of alkene and acid is required for completion. Image Peroxide Free radical addition.png 400px Note that the radical will be on the more substituted carbon. Free radical addition does not occur with the molecules HCl or HI. Both reactions are extremely endothermic and are not chemically favored. Self terminating oxidative radical cyclizations In one specific type of radical addition called self terminating oxidative radical cyclization , alkyne s are oxidized to ketone s with intramolecular radical cyclization and the radical species are inorganic rather than carbon based. This type of reaction is self terminating because propagating is not possible and the initiator is used in stoichiom ... more details
unreferenced date October 2011 For the biological process, see decomposition . Thermal decomposition , or thermolysis , is a chemical decomposition caused by heat. The decomposition temperature of a substance is the temperature at which the substance chemically decomposes. The reaction is usually endothermic as heat is required to break chemical bond s in the compound undergoing decomposition. If decomposition is sufficiently exothermic , a positive feedback loop is created producing thermal runaway and possibly an explosion. Examples Calcium carbonate Limestone or chalk decomposes into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide when heated CaCO sub 3 sub CaO CO sub 2 sub The reaction is used to make quick lime , which when hydrated becomes slaked lime and is used a building material. File Priestley Joseph pneumatic trough.jpg right thumb Equipment used by Priestley in his experiments on gases alt Engraving of assorted scientific equipment, such as a pneumatic trough. A dead mouse rests under one glass canister. Many oxides decompose at high enough temperatures, an example being the decomposition of mercuric oxide to give oxygen and mercury element mercury . The reaction was used by Joseph Priestley to make the gas for the first time. Some foods will decompose exothermically at cooking temperatures anyone who has overheated sugar or syrupy foods will know how long they take to cool. Mild versions of the process will produce caramelisation caramelised dishes that are pleasant, but cannot be tasted safely before they have cooled to a comfortable temperature. Once they start to char, such dishes commonly will continue in a positive feedback loop they become dangerously hot and continue to blacken from the inside out, and smoke even well after being removed from the heat. In films, where stuntmen have to jump through breaking windows, the window panes are often made of sugar, which is safer than glass. Melting the sugar is a tricky business, however an error of just a few degrees ... more details
Taxobox fossil range Early Jurassic regnum Animal ia image image width 250px image caption Hadrocodium skull phylum Chordata subphylum Vertebrata unranked classis Amniota classis Synapsida unranked ordo Mammaliaformes genus Hadrocodium Hadrocodium wui is an extinct Basal phylogenetics basal mammal species that lived during the Lower Jurassic approx. 195 million years ago, during the Sinemurian stage in what is now the Yunnan province of China . Hadrocodium was a mere 3.2 cm 1.35 in in length about 2 grams , and is one of the smallest mammals of either the Mesozoic or Cenozoic eras. Hadrocodium is the earliest known example of several features distinctive to mammals, ref http www.palaeos.com Vertebrates Units Unit420 420.300.html Symmetrodonta Palaeos Dead link date October 2011 ref including mammal like mandible and middle ear structures and a relatively large brain cavity. ref Cite web title Tiny creature may be ancestor of all mammals url http archives.cnn.com 2001 TECH science 05 24 tiny.ancestor index.html publisher CNN date May 24, 2001 ref The discovery of Hadrocodium suggests that the origination of these distinctive mammaliaform features was much older 45 million years older than previously thought. Whether Hadrocodium was Warm blooded endothermic or Poikilotherm cold blooded has not been settled, although its apparent Nocturnal animal nocturnal features would seem to place it in the endotherm group. References reflist Bibliography cite journal author Z. X. Luo, A. W. Crompton and A. L. Sun title A New Mammaliaform from the Early Jurassic and Evolution of Mammalian Characteristics journal Science journal Science year 2001 issue 5521 volume 292 pages 1535 1540 url http www.sciencemag.org content 292 5521 1535.full doi 10.1126 science.1058476 pmid 11375489 Science article requires free log in, http www.oeb.harvard.edu faculty crompton pdfs luocromptonsun2001.pdf here is a free PDF. Cite journal last1 Rowe first1 Timothy last2 Macrini first2 Thom ... more details
Nicholas Hotton III 1920 21 29 November 1999 ref cite news url http pqasb.pqarchiver.com washingtonpost access 46852528.html?dids 46852528 46852528&FMT ABS&FMTS ABS FT&type current&date Dec 04 2C 1999&author &pub The Washington Post&desc Nicholas Hotton III 3B Wrote Books on Evolution&pqatl google title Nicholas Hotton III Wrote Books on Evolution date 4 December 1999 work Washington Post accessdate 2009 06 19 ref was an United States American paleontologist renowned as an expert on dinosaur s and reptile s. He was born in Michigan and was educated at the University of Chicago , where he received his Bachelor s Degree in geology and a Ph.D. in paleozoology . Dr. Hotton taught anatomy at the University of Kansas from 1951 1959, before joining the staff of the Smithsonian Institution in 1959, initially as an Associate Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology and later as the Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology for the National Museum of Natural History. In addition to administering collections at the National Museum, Dr. Hotton taught a course in vertebrate paleontology at George Washington University . Much of his work focused on dicynodont s, a group of mammal like reptiles that lived in the Permian and Triassic Periods. Dr. Hotton remained at the Smithsonian until his death aged 78, from colon cancer. Books and papers Dr. Hotton was the author of numerous technical papers and many other books regarding paleontology. His more famous books include the widely praised Dinosaurs 1963 and The Evidence of Evolution 1968 . A major paper on the physiology of dinosaurs was An Alternative to Dinosaur Endothermy The Happy Wanderers in A Cold Look at the Warm Blooded Dinosaurs D.K. Thomas and E.C. Olson. eds., 1980 , in which he countered Bob Bakker s theory of warm blooded endothermic, or warm blooded dinosaurs with a theory that migration helped large cold blooded dinosaurs maintain a constant body temperature. References reflist http www.dinodata.org index.php?option com content&ta ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 450706600 Name Lithium sulfate ImageFile Lithium sulfate.svg ImageSize 120px ImageName Lithium sulfate IUPACName Lithium sulfate OtherNames Lithium sulphate Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo 10377 48 7 CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CASOther br 10102 25 7 monohydrate PubChem 66320 RTECS OJ6419000 Section2 Chembox Properties Reference ref cite book last1 Patnaik first Pradyot year 2002 title Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals pages publisher McGraw Hill isbn 0070494398 ref Formula Li sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub MolarMass 109.94 g mol Appearance White crystalline solid, hygroscopic Density 2.221 g cm sup 3 sup anhydrous br 2.06 g cm sup 3 sup monohydrate Solubility monohydrate br 34.9 g 100 mL 25 C br 29.2 g 100 mL 100 C SolubleOther insoluble in absolute ethanol , acetone and pyridine MeltingPt 859 C BoilingPt 1377 C RefractIndex 1.465 form Section3 Chembox Structure MolShape Coordination CrystalStruct Dipole Section4 Chembox Thermochemistry DeltaHf 1436.37 kJ mol DeltaHc Entropy HeatCapacity 1.07 J g K Section7 Chembox Hazards ExternalMSDS EUIndex Not listed MainHazards NFPA H 1 NFPA F 0 NFPA R 0 RPhrases SPhrases Section8 Chembox Related OtherAnions OtherCations Sodium sulfate br Potassium sulfate OtherCpds Lithium sulfate is a white inorganic salt with the chemical formula formula Lithium Li sub 2 sub Sulfur S Oxygen O sub 4 sub . It is the lithium Salt chemistry salt of sulfuric acid . Properties Lithium sulfate is Solubility soluble in water, though it does not follow the usual trend of solubility versus temperature its solubility in water decreases with increasing temperature, as its dissolution is an endothermic process. This property is shared with few inorganic compounds , such as the lanthanoid sulfates . Lithium sulfate crystals, being Piezoelectricity piezoelectric , are also used in ultrasound type non destructive testing because they are very efficient sound generators. However, they do suffer in this application because of their water s ... more details
unreferenced date October 2008 A key part of Reaction Calorimetry is the ability to control temperature in the face of extreme thermal events. Once the temperature is able to be controlled measurement of a variety of parameters can allow an understanding of how much heat is being released of absorbed by a reaction. In essence COFLUX or Constant flux calorimetry is a highly developed temperature control mechanism which can be used to generate highly accurate calorimetry. It works by controlling the jacket area of a controlled lab reactor, while keeping the inlet temperature of the thermal fluid constant. This allows the temperature to be precisely controlled even under strongly exothermic or endothermic events as additional cooling is always available by simply increasing the area over which the heat is being exchanged. This system is generally more accurate than heat balance calorimetry on which it s based as changes in the delta temperature T sub out sub T sub in sub are magnified by keeping the fluid flow as low as possible. Theory of COFLUX One of the main advantages of COFLUX calorimetry is the ability to dynamically measure heat transfer coefficient U . We know from the heat balance equation that Q m sub f sub .Cp sub f sub .T sub in sub T sub out sub We also know that from the heat flow equation that Q U.A.LMTD We can therefore rearrange this such that U m sub f sub .Cp sub f sub .T sub in sub T sub out sub A.LMTD This will allow us therefore to monitor U as a function of time. Image Coflux1.png thumb Diagram of COFLUX system Specific applications of COFLUX COFLUX temperature control COFLUX for Crystallisation COFLUX for scale up modelling COFLUX for calorimetry See also Reaction Calorimeter Controlled Lab Reactor NoMoreLinks PLEASE BE CAUTIOUS IN ADDING MORE LINKS TO THIS ARTICLE. WIKIPEDIA IS NOT A COLLECTION OF LINKS NOR SHOULD IT BE USED FOR ADVERTISING. Excessive or inappropriate links WILL BE DELETED. See Wikipedia External links & Wikipedia Spam for det ... more details
About the music album the year 8th millennium BC Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name 8000 B.C. Type Studio album Artist Otto von Schirach Cover Ovs 8000bc.jpg Released May 15, 2001 Genre Intelligent Dance Music IDM Length 63 03 Label Schematic Records Schematic Last album This album 8000 B.C. br 2001 Next album Escalo Frio br 2001 Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1Score Rating 4 5 ref cite web url http www.allmusic.com album r532413 title 8000 B.C. Otto Von Schirach & 124 AllMusic first Rick last Anderson work Allmusic accessdate 29 June 2011 ref rev2 Pitchfork Media rev2Score 5.2 10 ref cite web url http www.pitchforkmedia.com record reviews v vonschirach otto 8000 bc.shtml archiveurl http web.archive.org web 20011126215542 pitchforkmedia.com record reviews v vonschirach otto 8000 bc.shtml archivedate 2001 11 26 title Otto Von Schirach 8000 B.C. Pitchfork Review first Mark last Richard San work Pitchfork Media accessdate 29 June 2011 ref 8000 B.C. is an Intelligent Dance Music IDM LP by Otto von Schirach , released in 2001 on Schematic Records. Track listing Tracklist title1 25 46 x 80 12 length1 3 16 title2 Time Traveling Lives length2 4 41 title3 Tympanic Calcoolus length3 4 43 title4 Lunatic Nitrates length4 4 59 title5 C21 H39 N7 O12 length5 4 05 title6 Triangle Exit length6 4 27 title7 Ecleptosze Chemiz Tri length7 3 25 title8 Endothermic Cavewalker length8 5 09 title9 Schematropolis Mirage length9 3 46 title10 No Wood length10 2 33 title11 Aquantumzation Below Zero length11 4 35 title12 Elastic Paranormalites length12 6 19 title13 Insectdezyde Juice length13 6 41 title14 Smelly Mustard length14 4 24 title15 Purple Pickle Eater note15 vinyl only length15 3 27 Notes The vinyl release of the album omitted the track No Wood , but included a bonus 7 inch with an exclusive track entitled Purple Pickle Eater . References Reflist Category Otto von Schirach albums Category 2001 albums 2000s electronic album stub ... more details
Taxobox fossil range Fossil range 65 0 ref ref cite journal last Sepkoski first Jack title A compendium of fossil marine animal genera Chondrichthyes entry journal Bulletins of American Paleontology volume 364 pages 560 date 2002 url http strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu jack showgenera.php?taxon 575&rank class accessdate 2008 01 09 ref small Danian to Present small image Lamna nasus noaa.jpg image caption Porbeagle Porbeagle L. nasus image width 240px image2 Lamna ditropis.jpg image2 caption Salmon shark Salmon shark L. ditropis image2 width 240px regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Chondrichthyes subclassis Elasmobranchii ordo Lamniformes familia Lamnidae genus Lamna genus authority Georges Cuvier Cuvier , 1816 type species Porbeagle Squalus cornubicus type species authority Bloch and Schneider, 1801 synonyms Exoles small Gistel, 1848 small Lamia small Risso, 1827 small Selanonius small Fleming, 1828 small Lamna is a genus of Lamniformes mackerel sharks in the family Lamnidae , containing two extant species the porbeagle L. nasus of the North Atlantic and Southern Hemisphere , and the salmon shark L. ditropis of the North Pacific . Endothermy The two species of this genus can Warm blooded Temperature control in cold blooded animals keep their blood temperature high nowiki nowiki er above that of the water surrounding them than other Chondrichthyes cartilaginous fish , with temperature differences recorded up to 15.6 C. ref http links.jstor.org sici?sici 0045 8511 20010806 3 3A2001 3A3 3C794 3ATMFSSL 3E2.0.CO 3B2 X abstract Abstract for S. D. Anderson, K. J. Goldman Temperature Measurements from Salmon Sharks, Lamna ditropis , in Alaskan Waters , Copeia , Vol. 2001, No. 3, 2001 08 06 ref ref marinebio id 379 name Salmon shark, Lamna ditropis ref ref http www.jbc.org cgi reprint 278 33 30741.pdf C. Larsen, H. Malte, R. E. Weber ATP induced Reverse Temperature Effect in Isohemoglobins from the Endothermic Porbeagle Shark , Journal of Biological ... more details
Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name Boxcutter image caption image size background non performing personnel birth name Barry Lynn birth date death date origin Ireland , United Kingdom instrument genre Dubstep , Intelligent dance music IDM occupation Record producer , Disc jockey DJ years active label Planet Mu associated acts website notable instruments Boxcutter is the pseudonym for Barry Lynn born 1980 , an electronic musician from Northern Ireland whose work, due to its bass led and rhythmically 2 step nature, is often categorised as dubstep , although in style and idiosyncrasies has more in common with Intelligent dance music IDM artists such as Squarepusher and Ziq . ref Timothy Gabriele, Glyphic review, Popmatters , 31 January 2008. http www.popmatters.com pm review boxcutter glyphic Access date January 2, 2010. ref ref cite web url http entertainment.timesonline.co.uk tol arts and entertainment article1073875.ece title There is just one rule more bass date 17 September 2006 work Times Online accessdate 17 April 2010 ref Discography Singles Moon Pupils 2Time with Kab Driver Kinnego Records, 2010 Philly Endothermic Hotflush Recordings , 2007 Brood Sunshine Hotflush Recordings, 2006 Tauhid Planet Mu, 2006 Brood V.I.P November Abucs, 2006 Albums Oneiric album Oneiric Planet Mu, Apr 17, 2006 Glyphic album Glyphic Planet Mu, Oct 29, 2007 Arecibo Message album Arecibo Message Planet Mu, Apr 20, 2009 The Dissolve Planet Mu, Apr 25, 2011 As Barry Lynn Balancing Lakes Planet Mu, Feb 18, 2008 As The Host The Host Planet Mu, Mar 20, 2012 References reflist External links MySpace barrylynnmusic Boxcutter Discogs artist artist Boxcutter name Boxcutter http reviews.headphonecommute.com 2009 08 05 two and a half questions with boxcutter Interview with Barry Lynn http soundcloud.com barryboxcutter Boxcutter Soundcloud Persondata NAME ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Musician from Northern Ireland DATE OF BIRTH 1980 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH ... more details
Taxobox image Platypleura divisa00.jpg regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Hemiptera familia Cicadidae genus Platypleura species P. divisa binomial Platypleura divisa binomial authority Ernst Friedrich Germar Germar , 1834 Platypleura divisa Germar, 1834 , is an African cicada first described by Ernst Friedrich Germar , entomologist and professor of mineralogy at Halle, Saxony Anhalt Halle , who also studied beetles. The genus Platypleura occurs widely across Africa and southern Asia . Some of the South African species are remarkable for their endothermic thermoregulation that enables crepuscular signalling, an adaptation that reduces risk of predation and enables a greater range for their calls. In field experiments their maximum body temperature while calling at dusk, was measured at 22 C above ambient temperature. ref http www.springerlink.com content 94wke87u9ny94vdh Endothermy in African platypleurine cicadas July, 2003 ref Platypleura divisa is even more noteworthy in that it has been collected only from one species of foodplant, the small tree Maytenus heterophylla . ref http www.ru.ac.za academic departments zooento PUBLICATIONS Sanborn 20et 20al 202003a.pdf doi 10.1016 S0306 4565 03 00013 5 Bot generated title ref The closely related coastal species P. maytenophila shares its strong bond with Maytenus heterophylla , but is distinguishable by a quite different call. The Platypleurini are distributed from the Cape in South Africa , throughout sub Saharan Africa and Madagascar , through India and south East Asia , to Japan ref http www.ru.ac.za academic departments zooento STUDENTS Price ben.html Platypleurini, cicadas Bot generated title ref . The faunas of West Africa and Madagascar are distinctive, while those of southern and east Africa resemble the Asian group. Endothermy occurs in several large bodied South America n and South African species, but not in related small bodied species. ref pers. comm. prof Martin Villet, Rhodes Univer ... more details
File Ceria Cycle.svg thumb Simplified diagram of the cerium IV oxide cerium III oxide cycle The cerium IV oxide cerium III oxide cycle or CeO sub 2 sub Ce sub 2 sub O sub 3 sub cycle is a two step Thermochemistry thermochemical process based on cerium IV oxide and cerium III oxide for hydrogen production . ref http www.solarpaces.org Tasks Task2 HPST.HTM Hydrogen production from solar thermochemical water splitting cycles ref Advantage of the cerium based cycle is the separation of H sub 2 sub and O sub 2 sub in two steps which makes high temperature gas separation redundant. Process description The thermochemical two step water splitting process thermochemical cycle uses redox systems Dissociation chemistry Dissociation 2 cerium IV oxide CeO sub 2 sub cerium III oxide Ce sub 2 sub O sub 3 sub 0.5 O sub 2 sub Hydrolysis cerium III oxide Ce sub 2 sub O sub 3 sub Water molecule H sub 2 sub O 2 cerium IV oxide CeO sub 2 sub Hydrogen H sub 2 sub For the first endothermic step, cerium IV oxide is Thermal decomposition thermally dissociated in an inert gas atmosphere at convert 2000 C F and 100 200 milli Bar unit bar into cerium III oxide and oxygen. In the second exothermic step cerium III oxide reacts at convert 400 C F convert 600 C F in a fixed bed reactor with water and produces hydrogen and cerium IV oxide. See also Copper chlorine cycle Heliostat Hybrid sulfur cycle Hydrosol 2 Iron oxide cycle Solar thermal energy Sulfur iodine cycle Zinc zinc oxide cycle References reflist External links http cat.inist.fr ?aModele afficheN&cpsidt 18357022 Thermochemical hydrogen production from a two step solar driven water splitting cycle based on cerium oxides DEFAULTSORT Cerium Iv Oxide Cerium Iii Oxide Cycle Category Chemical reactions Category Hydrogen production Category Cerium de Cer IV oxid Cer III oxid Verfahren nl Cerium IV oxide cerium III oxidecyclus ... more details
Refimprove date January 2010 Infobox company company name Surface Combustion, Inc. company logo Deleted image removed File Sc logo red.png 125px type Privately Held Company foundation Toledo, OH United States US 1915 location Maumee, OH area served Worldwide key people William Bernard br small President & CEO small industry Thermal Systems num employees 100 homepage http www.surfacecombustion.com Surface Combustion Surface Combustion, Inc. is a North American manufacturer of thermal processing and heat treating equipment. Surface Combustion was founded in 1915 and is headquartered in Maumee, Ohio . In addition to the headquarters, Surface Combustion also maintains a manufacturing and warehouse facility in another nearby Toledo, Ohio Toledo suburb, Waterville, OH Waterville . History Surface Combustion was founded on a patent ed heating concept of the same name. Since then, Surface Combustion has been awarded more than 645 patents and 75 registered trademark s. Products Deleted image removed image Sc Headquarters.jpg left thumb Surface Combustion, Inc. Headquarters in Maumee, OH Surface Combustion manufactures equipment for various thermal processes including carburizing , Annealing metallurgy annealing , vacuum processing, tempering , nitriding , and quenching , among others utilized for batch production or continuous production . Allcase Batch Integral Quench Furnace Developed by Surface Combustion. Typically used in batch carburizing processes. RX Generator Endothermic Gas Generator Produces a carbon carrying gas for the carburizing process. DX Generator Exothermic Gas Generator Produces a gas that can be used in several different applications. VringCARB High purity vacuum carburizing technology using cyclohexane . ref Poor R., Verhoff, S. New Technology Is The Next Step In Vacuum Carburizing u Industrial Heating u Oct. 2002 41 48 ref MPF Metal Parts Furnace Used to destroy chemical munitions . ref http www.industrialheating.com Articles Industry News BNP GUID 9 5 ... more details
Barbara Block is an American marine biologist , and Charles & Elizabeth Prothro Professor in Marine Sciences Evolutionary, Cellular and Molecular Physiology, at Stanford University . ref http www marine.stanford.edu block.htm ref ref http med.stanford.edu profiles frdActionServlet?choiceId facProfile&fid 6208 ref She has established the Tuna Research and Conservation Center, with the Monterey Bay Aquarium . ref http www.aquariumofpacific.org mcri mcriboard dr barbara a block ref Awards Presidential Young Investigator Award from the National Science Foundation 1996 MacArthur Fellows Program Works Philopatry and migration of Pacific white sharks . Jorgensen SJ, Reeb CA, Chapple TK, Anderson S, Perle C, Van Sommeran SR, Fritz Cope C, Brown AC, Klimley AP, Block BA. Proc Biol Sci . 2010 277 1682 679 88 Seasonal movements, aggregations and diving behavior of Atlantic bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus revealed with archival tags . Walli A, Teo SL, Boustany A, Farwell CJ, Williams T, Dewar H, Prince E, Block BA. PLoS One . 2009 4 7 e6151 Heterologous hybridization to a complementary DNA microarray reveals the effect of thermal acclimation in the endothermic bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis . Castilho PC, Buckley BA, Somero G, Block BA. Mol Ecol . 2009 18 10 2092 102 Effect of thermal acclimation on action potentials and sarcolemmal K channels from Pacific bluefin tuna cardiomyocytes . Galli GL, Lipnick MS, Block BA. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol . 2009 297 2 R502 9 Influence of swimming speed on metabolic rates of juvenile pacific bluefin tuna and yellowfin tuna . Blank JM, Farwell CJ, Morrissette JM, Schallert RJ, Block BA. Physiol Biochem Zool . 2007 Mar Apr 80 2 167 77 References reflist External links http www.tunaresearch.org TUNA RESEARCH AND CONSERVATION CENTER http tagagiant.blogspot.com Tag a Giant blog Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Block, Barbara ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH ... more details
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