Refimprove date April 2009 The EnergyModelingForum EMF is a structured forum for discussing important issues in energy and the environment. The EMF was established in 1976 at Stanford University . The EMF works through a series of ad hoc working groups, each focussing on a particular corporate or policy decision. The EMF provides a non partisan platform that ensures objective consideration of opposing views. In recent years, the EMF has made considerable contributions to the economics of climate change , as witnessed in the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , and to integrated assessment modelling integrated assessment modeling . John Weyant is the current director of the EMF. list of EMF studies The full list of EMF studies is br EMF01 Energy and the economy br EMF02 Coal in transition 1980 2000 br EMF03 Electric load forecasting Probing the issue with models br EMF04 Aggregate elasticity of energy demand br EMF05 US oil and gas supply br EMF06 World oil br EMF07 Macroeconomic impacts of energy shocks br EMF08 Industrial energy demand, conservation, and interfuel substitution br EMF09 North American natural gas markets br EMF10 Electricity markets and planning br EMF11 International oil supplies and demands br EMF12 Controlling global carbon emissions Costs and policy options br EMF13 Markets for energy efficiency br EMF14 Integrated assessment of climate change br EMF15 A competitive electricity industry br EMF16 The costs of the Kyoto Protocol br EMF17 Markets for electricity Economics and technology br EMF18 Prices and emissions in restructured electricity markets br EMF19 Climate change Technology strategies and international trade br EMF20 Natural gas, fuel diversity, and North American energy markets br EMF21 Multi gas mitigation and climate ... gas markets and trade br EMF25 Energy demand and efficiency in a growing economy External links http www.stanford.edu group EMF Home page Category Economics organizations Category Energy organizations ... more details
The National EnergyModeling System NEMS is an economic and energy model of United States energy market s created at the U.S. Department of Energy , Energy Information Administration. NEMS projects the production, consumption, conversion, import, and pricing of energy. The model relies on assumptions for economic variables, including world energy market interactions, resource availability which influences costs , technological choice and characteristics, and demographics. ref name doc http www.eia.doe.gov oiaf aeo overview index.html The National EnergyModeling System An Overview , USDOE EIA. ref Design The model contains several modules that interact as part of the equilibrium calculations for long term forecasting. These modules are as follows The Integrating Module The Macroeconomic Activity Module The Transportation Sector Module The Residential Sector Module The Industrial Sector Module The Commercial Sector Module The Coal Market Module The Electricity Market Module The Petroleum Market Module The Oil and Gas Supply Module The Renewable Fuels Module The International Energy Activity Module The Natural Gas Transmission and Distribution Module Each of these NEMS modules is maintained from year to year by EIA analysts who update the accompanying documentation for version changes annually. ref name doc NEMS includes a variety of energy sources used for fuel purposes heat and power and feedstock purposes. The primary energy sources of NEMS are Coal , Natural Gas , Distillate ... energy Renewable s primarily biomass and wind , Motor Gasoline, Electricity , Petrochemical Feedstocks ... is to produce the Annual Energy Outlook , published on the EIA website in the early months of each ... is maintained by the EIA Office of Energy Analysis and was first used for AEO projections in 1994 ... the U.S. Congress. Subjects such as the economic and environmental impacts of energy related policy or structure changes are most frequently studied using NEMS. References references Category Energy in the United ... more details
The Presidential Forum on Renewable Energy was created to ensure that renewable energy , sustainability , and Energy conservation conservation were top issues in the 2008 Presidential election . It brought together 2008 Presidential Candidates to generate discussion and foster innovation. Presidential Candidate Forum The Presidential Forum on Renewable Energy sponsored a presidential candidate forum on the afternoon of Saturday, November 17, 2007 at the Wadsworth Theater in Los Angeles. Hillary Clinton and John Edwards confirmed their participation, and we continue to work on lining up additional candidates to round out the event. The Presidential Forum on Renewable Energy joined forces with leading environmental organizations to hold a single joint forum on global warming and renewable energy. Their partner organizations in hosting the event included the Natural Resources Defense Council , the League of Conservation Voters, and the Center for American Progress. Nationwide Student Essay Contest The Presidential Forum on Renewable Energy also sponsored a nationwide college student essay contest asking students to submit a Renewable Energy Plan for America. By engaging students, they encouraged them to incorporate an awareness of energy conservation into their everyday lives. A professional grading company along with board members of the Presidential Forum on Renewable Energy evaluated the essays and chose three first place winners. The Presidential Forum on Renewable Energy awarded a 10,000 educational prize to each of these three renewable energy scholars. External links http www.2008energyforum.org Presidential Forum on Renewable Energy br Category Renewable energy in the United States Category United States presidential election debates, 2008 ... more details
primarysources date July 2011 The European Future EnergyForum is an initiative developed with Abu Dhabi Future Energy Company Masdar Abu Dhabi s multi faceted, multi billion dollar investment in the development and commercialisation of innovative technologies in renewable, alternative and sustainable energies. The Forum was launched in 2009 following the success of the World Future Energy Summit , which is held annually in Abu Dhabi. Now established as an annual event in its own right, the 3rd European Future EnergyForum will be held in Geneva, 4 6 October 2011 following previous events in Bilbao and London. The mounting concern over climate change shows the importance of the introduction of new energy sources, and the development and management of existing ones. The challenge of the coming years will be to identify the key game changing technolgoies, and, even more, to understand how to implement them practically. The theme for the Forum in 2011 will be Making Innovation Happen for a Sustainable World and will take an indepth look at six main streams of debate inspiration building the vision, innovation changing the future, policy and regulation creating the framework, finance assuring return on investment, infrastructure feeding the need, and future energy mix a recipe for success. ref http www.EuropeanFutureEnergyForum.com Conference ref Alongside the conference will be an international CleanTech exhibition where companies will present cutting edge technology and ideas . The exhibition programme will also see knowledge transfer sessions on efficient energy use . ref http www.EuropeanFutureEnergyForum.com Exhibition ref Geneva has a longstanding tradition and a strong ... as a host city will make every effort to render the European Future EnergyForum 2011 a great success ... Related links Renewable energy in the European Union World Future Energy Summit Category Organizations established in 2009 Category Renewable energy organizations ... more details
reliable sources date April 2012 Infobox non profit name World EnergyForum image File World EnergyForum ... name homepage http wef21.org dissolved footnotes World EnergyForum is an International Non profit ... Mission br The Article 2 of the Charter of World EnergyForum states br World EnergyForum ... secure world. Vision br World EnergyForum envisions to be a global grassroots organization which embraces .... Deleted image removed File Alternative energy resources for world energyforum 2012 collage.jpg ... sustainable energy. ref http wef21.org ?q un conference ref World EnergyForum, October 22 24, Dubai, United Arab Emirates World EnergyForum has selected Dubai, United Arab Emirates as the venue ... and peoples,. ref http www.thenextsiliconvalley.com 9020 dubai host world energyforum 2012 under ... World EnergyForum University Chapters World EnergyForum recognizes the crucial role of college and university ... ref Speakers Bureau World EnergyForum s Speaker Bureau is an open international resource featuring ... EnergyForum offers a quick and easy way to search for speakers worldwide from a broad range of backgrounds ... Forum 2012 in Dubai in October 21 24, 2012. ref http wef21.org ?q world energy contest ref World Energy Awards World EnergyForum administers awards to outstanding leaders at the International Energy ... towards global energy security. Annually, World EnergyForum presents the Humanitarian Award ..., legal etc. Against this background, World EnergyForum has established Careers in Energy Series ... energy security, World EnergyForum supports research and innovation. It facilitates its membership ..., and countries. The World Water Organization World EnergyForum has established The World Water Organization ... York Institute of Energy and Water World EnergyForum has established this global university in 2010 ... Publications http wef21.org ?q node 310 World Energy Monitor World EnergyForum publishes monthly ... World EnergyForum Official Website http www.beta.undp.org content undp en home ourwork environmentandenergy ... more details
The International EnergyForum , also known as IEF , is the world s largest recurring gathering of energy ministers. It is unique in that participants not only include International Energy Agency IEA and OPEC countries, but also key international actors such as Brazil , China , India , Mexico , Russia , and South Africa . The IEF countries account for more than 90 percent of global oil and gas supply and demand . The IEF is promoted by a permanent Secretariat based in the Diplomatic Quarter of Riyadh , Saudi Arabia . External links portal Energy http www.iefs.org.sa Official IEF website http www.iefs.org.sa Documents International 20Energy 20Forum 20brochure.pdf Official IEF Fact Book Category International energy organizations Org stub fa ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced May 2009 cleanup May 2009 advert May 2009 The World Forum on Energy Regulation WFER is the leading international Academic conference conference on energy regulation , held once every three years . WFER IV is hosted by the Council of European Energy Regulators CEER and the Greece Greek Regulator. WFER IV will be held in Athens, Greece, from 18 to 21 October 2009. It builds on the themes and key findings of the past three World Fora, held in 2000 Montreal 2003 Rome and 2006 Washington, D.C. Washington . Unsourced image removed Image WFERIV Logo Small.jpg The WFER IV will provide a global conference and networking opportunity attended by more than 700 president s and CEO s from the energy industry , government and international institution official s, high level policy makers, academics and regulators from over 60 countries . Among others, the three day programme of WFER IV features numerous break out sessions across four key themes Reliability and security of supply The role of regulators in responding to climate change Competitiveness and affordability The independence, powers, responsibilities, best practices and training of regulators Distinguished chairpersons and Public speaker speakers include A. Piebalgs, European Union Energy Commissioner D. Dobbeni, President of EU Transmission System Operators l. Josefsson, President of Eurelectric and Vattenfall S. Littlechild, University of Birmingham and University of Cambridge M. Monti, former EU Commissioner for Competition Heads of the energy regulators in Europe J. Mogg , Eastern Europe G. Szorenyi , Russia S. Novikov , USA F. Butler , Canada P. Gurnham , Africa S. Mokoena , India P. Deo and Australia J. Tamblyn and many more..... See also Commission for Energy Regulation External links http ... energy regulator s website DEFAULTSORT World Forum On Energy Regulation Category Conferences Category Energy development Category Energy and the environment Category Energy policy ... more details
The Forum for Renewable Energy Development in Scotland , also known as FREDS is a partnership between industry, academia and Government aimed at enabling Scotland to capitalise on its significant Renewable energy in Scotland renewable energy resource and thereby secure economic benefits. ref name freds http www.scotland.gov.uk Topics Business Industry EnergyEnergy sources 19185 Resources 17613 Forum for Renewable Energy Development Scottish Government. Retrieved 7 December 2009. ref Chaired by Jim Mather Member of the Scottish Parliament MSP , a priority for the group is to assist the Scottish Government achieve its 2020 target of 50 of electricity generated from renewable sources. The forum has produced a variety of studies, including Hydrogen and Fuel Cell opportunities for Scotland , Scotland s Renewable Heat Strategy Recommendations to Scottish Ministers and Scottish Hydropower Resource Study 2008 . ref name freds The FREDS sub groups set up in 2009 cover renewable heat, micro hydro, hydrogen and Community Energy Scotland community renewables . ref http www.communityenergyscotland.org.uk userfiles file Community 20Energy 20Conference 202009 presentations Sue 20Kearns 20 20RAP 20community 20renewables.pdf Renewables Action Plan pdf Scottish Government. Retrieved 13 September 2009. ref See also European Marine Energy Centre Scottish Renewables References references Scottish energy Category Public bodies of the Scottish Government Category Renewable energy in Scotland Category Electricity policy in Scotland Category Article Feedback 5 Scotland org stub ... more details
collapse font size 90 clear right Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate MEF Image Major economies ... Economies Forum on Energy and Climate MEF was launched on March 28, 2009. The MEF is intended to facilitate ... History The first preparatory meeting of the Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate met April ... Economies Forum on Energy and Climate was convened in Paris , May 25 26, 2009, to inform and complement ... The third preparatory meeting of the Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate met in Jiutepec ... Of The Leaders The Major Economies Forum On Energy And Climate. ref http www.majoreconomiesforum.org ... meeting at the Leaders representative level of the Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate met in Washington, DC, September 17 18, 2009. Participants agreed that the Forum continues to provide ... Economies Forum on Energy and Climate met in London, United Kingdom, October 18 19, 2009. To contribute ... Forum on Energy and Climate met in Washington, DC, April 19, 2010. Participants agreed that smaller, informal discussions such as the Major Economies Forum contributed to success in Copenhagen and can facilitate and enrich the discussions under the UNFCCC, the multilateral forum for negotiating climate ... 2 External Links http www.majoreconomiesforum.org Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate MEF Website ... DEFAULTSORT Major Economies Forum On Energy And Climate Change Category Climate institutions and programs ... and joint ventures that increase the supply of sustainable energy clean energy while cutting ... Obama Obama s initiative in convening the Major Economies Forum. Discussion was open and candid. Participants agreed that the Forum is not an alternative to the United Nations Framework Convention ... agreed that moving to a clean energy economy provides an opportunity to promote continued economic ... change. They identified an urgent need for deployment of clean energy technologies at the lowest possible ... that together address more than 80 of the energy sector carbon dioxide CO2 emissions reduction ... more details
National Solar Conference and World Renewable EnergyForum 2012 is an academic scientific academic conference conference combined with a solar industry trade exhibition, to be held at the Denver Convention Center in Colorado , May 13 to 19, 2012. ref http nationalsolarconference.org ref It s organized jointly by the American Solar Energy Society , ref http ases.org ref the World Renewable Energy Network , ref http www.wrenuk.co.uk ref the International Solar Energy Society , ref http ises.org ref the Colorado Renewable Energy Society, ref http cres energy.org ref and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory . ref http nrel.gov ref The Conference incorporates the 41st annual National Solar Energy Conference , the 37tn National Passive Solar Energy Conference, the 7th ASES Policy and Marketing Conference, and a Renewable Energy Products and Services Exhibition. The Exhibition will be open to the public on Friday, May 19. Conference chair is http www.nrel.gov csp staff bios.html kutscher Chuck Kutscher, Ph.D. , a principal engineer at the National Renewable Energy Lab. References See Wikipedia Footnotes on how to create references using ref ref tags which will then appear here automatically Reflist External links http www.nationalsolarconference.org National Solar Conference World Renewable EnergyForum http dl.dropbox.com u 23602087 SOLAR 202012 20CFP v4.pdf Call for papers http www.wrenuk.co.uk World Renewable Energy Network http ases.org American Solar Energy Society http ises.org International Solar Energy Society http cres energy.org Colorado Renewable Energy Society http nrel.gov National Renewable Energy Laboratory Category Articles created via the Article Wizard Category 2012 conferences Category Renewable energy ... more details
selfref For Wikipedia s talk pages, see Wikipedia Talk page . wiktionary forum TOCright Forum plural forums , fora , or fori may refer to Forum Roman , open public space in the middle of a Roman city Roman Forum , most famous example Forum legal , designated space for public expression in the USA Internet forum , discussion board on the Internet Public forum debate , or Pofo, a type of debate. Companies FORA.tv , a website of debates, interviews and conferences Forum Cafeterias , cafeteria chain Forum Communications , publisher of The Forum of Fargo Moorhead newspaper Forum Corporation , corporate training company owned by Informa Forum Snowboarding , snowboard manufacturer Landmark Education , San Francisco based, offers the Landmark Forum as its introductory course Media redirect target Forum KQED , radio show on KQED FM hosted by Michael Krasny Forum Bangladesh , a Bangladeshi current affairs magazine The Forum BBC World Service , an international inderdisciplinary radio discussion show The Forum journal , an annual history publication by students at Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo Forum Macedonian magazine Forum Macedonian magazine , a weekly political magazine in the Republic of Macedonia Penthouse Forum , an American pornographic magazine The Forum defunct magazine The Forum defunct magazine , an American magazine between 1886 and 1930 The Forum journal The Forum journal , an American history journal The Forum , an official magazine of Alcoholics Anonymous The Forum Newsweekly , a newspaper in Shreveport, Louisiana Shopping centres The Forum shopping mall in Bangalore, India Forum Kolkata in Kolkata, India Forum The Shopping Mall in Singapore Forum shopping centre in Helsinki, Finland The Forum Shops at Caesars in Las Vegas, Nevada Sport Mediolanum Forum , indoor arena Milan, Italy Montreal Forum , historic arena in Montreal, Quebec The Forum Inglewood also LA Forum , Los Angeles Forum , indoor arena in Los Angeles FedExForum , arena Memphis, Tennessee St. Pete Times ... more details
The Forum of an ancient Roman city was the central meeting place of a city, around which stood the most important public buildings. The Roman Forum was considered the centre of the entire Roman Empire . The Forum may refer to the following modern buildings The Forum, the colloquial name of the Montreal Forum , an indoor arena located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada The Forum, the former name of the Molson Amphitheatre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada The Forum Dubai , a future highrise tower in Dubai, United Arab Emirates The Forum shopping mall , a shopping mall in Bangalore, India The Forum on Peachtree Parkway , a shopping mall in Peachtree Corners, Georgia The Forum, the colloquial name of the London Forum , a venue for concerts in Kentish Town, London, United Kingdom Informatics Forum , a research centre in Edinburgh, United Kingdom The Forum Inglewood, California , an indoor arena in Inglewood, California, a suburb of Los Angeles Tunbridge Wells Forum , a music venue in Tunbridge Wells, Kent, England The Forum, Norwich , a community building in Norwich, England The Forum at East 74th Street , a residential building on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City It may also refer to The Forum journal The Forum journal , an annual historical publication by students at Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo The Forum of Fargo Moorhead , a daily newspaper that circulates in south east North Dakota and north western Minnesota, United States The Forum BBC World Service , a radio program The Forum defunct magazine The Forum defunct magazine , an American magazine between 1886 and 1930 The Forum , an official magazine of Alcoholics Anonymous The Forum, a name used by the organization Landmark Education Employers Forum on Disability , a membership organisation of UK business See also Forum disambiguation Disambig ... more details
Visual modeling is the graphic representation of objects and systems of interest using graphical language s. Visual modeling languages may be General Purpose Modeling GPM languages e.g., Unified Modeling Language UML , Southbeach Notation , IDEF or Domain Specific Modeling DSM languages e.g., SysML . They include industry open standards e.g., UML, SysML , as well as proprietary standards, such as the visual languages associated with VisSim , MATLAB and Simulink , OPNET , and NI Multisim . VisSim is unique in that it provides a royalty free, downloadable Viewer that lets anyone open and interactively simulate VisSim models. Visual modeling languages are an area of active research that continues to evolve, as evidenced by increasing interest in DSM languages, visual requirements , and visual OWL Web Ontology Language . ref name faq cite web author title Visual OWL url http www.visualmodeling.com VisualOWL.htm ref See also Service oriented modeling Discipline specific modeling Discipline Specific Modeling Domain Specific Modeling Model Driven Engineering Modeling language References reflist External links http www.VisualModelingForum.com Visual ModelingForum A web community dedicated to visual modeling languages and tools. Category Programming language topics Category Unified Modeling Language Category Simulation programming languages http www.vissim.com downloads demos.html VisSim Viewer download page comp sci stub should be information visualization stub or something like that uk ... more details
A modeling language is any artificial language that can be used to express information or knowledge or system ... of the meaning of components in the structure. Overview A modeling language can be graphical or textual. ref Xiao He 2007 . A metamodel for the notation of graphical modeling languages . In Computer ... , Volume 1, Issue , 24 27 July 2007, pp 219 224. ref Graphical modeling languages use a diagramming ... modeling languages typically use standardized keywords accompanied by parameters to make computer interpretable expressions. An example of a graphical modeling language and a corresponding textual modeling language is EXPRESS data modeling language EXPRESS . Not all modeling languages are executable ... required. On the contrary, executable modeling languages are intended to amplify the productivity ... and distributed system s. A large number of modeling languages appear in the literature. Type of modeling languages Graphical types Example of graphical modeling languages in the field of computer science, project management and systems engineering Behavior Trees are a formal, graphical modeling ... system. Business Process Modeling Notation BPMN, and the XML form BPML is an example of a Process Modeling language. EXPRESS data modeling language EXPRESS and EXPRESS G ISO 10303 11 is an international standard general purpose data modeling language. Extended Enterprise Modeling Language EEML is commonly used for business process modeling across a number of layers. Flowchart is a schematic representation of an algorithm or a stepwise process, Fundamental Modeling Concepts FMC modeling language for software intensive systems. IDEF is a family of modeling languages, which include IDEF0 for functional modeling, IDEF1X for information modeling, IDEF3 for business process modeling, IDEF4 for Object Oriented Design and IDEF5 for modeling ontologies. Jackson Structured Programming JSP is a method ... language that is suitable primarily for modeling large object oriented Java programming language ... more details
240px Business Process Modeling Notation Example. Systems modeling or system modeling is the Interdisciplinarity interdisciplinary study of the use of scientific modeling model s to conceptualize .... Retrieved June 19, 2009. ref A common type of systems modeling is function model ling, with specific .... The Business Process Modeling Notation BPMN , a graphical representation for specifying business processes in a workflow, can also be considered to be a systems modeling language. Overview In business and IT development the term systems modeling has multiple meaning. It can relate to the use of scientific modeling model to conceptualize and construct systems the Interdisciplinarity interdisciplinary study of the use of these models the systems modeling, systems analysis analysis , and systems design design efforts the systems modeling and simulation , such as system dynamics any specific systems modeling language As a field of study systems modeling has emerged with the development of system theory and systems sciences . As a type of scientific modelingmodeling systems modeling is based on systems thinking and the systems approach. In business and IT systems modeling contrasts other approaches such as agent based modeling data modeling and mathematical modeling In Methodology for Creating ... modeling was considered to be one of the three basic methodological approaches for gaining business knowledge, beside the analytical approach and the actor s approach agent based modeling . ref ... with SysML UML Modeling, Analysis, Design . Page 287. ref In the 1960s it was exploited by the NASA ... & James Martin 2003 . http mason.gmu.edu tdufresn paper.doc Process Modeling for E Business . INFS ... of a specific IS information algebra . ref name JAB07 Types of systems modeling In business ... model ling Business process modeling Enterprise modelling Further more like systems thinking , systems modeling in can be divided into Systems analysis Hard systems modeling or operational ... more details
Cloth modeling is the term used for simulating cloth within a computer program usually in the context of 3D computer graphics . The main approaches used for this may be classified into three basic types geometric, physical, and particle energy. Background Most models of cloth are based on particles of mass connected together in some manner of mesh. Newtonian Physics is used to model each particle through the use of a black box called a physics engine . This involves using the basic law of motion Newton s Second Law math vec F m vec a math In all of these models, the goal is to find the position and shape of a piece of fabric using this basic equation and several other methods. Geometric methods Weil pioneered the first of these, the geometric technique, in 1986. ref name tutorial http www.webcitation.org ... 09 48 40 Tutorial on Cloth Modeling ref His work was focused on approximating the look of cloth by treating ... all bodies seek lowest energy by differentiating this equation to find the minimum energy. Particle energy methods The last method is more complex than the first two. The particle technique takes ... directly. That is to say, that rather than springs, we use the energy interactions of the particles to determine the cloth s shape. For this we use an energy equation that adds on to the following math U Total U Repel U Stretch U Bend U Trellis U Gravity math The energy of repelling is an artificial element we add to prevent cloth from intersecting itself. The energy of stretching is governed by Hooke s law as with the Physical Method. The energy of bending describes the stiffness of the fabric The energy of trellising describes the shearing of the fabric distortion within the plane of the fabric The energy of gravity is based on standard gravity acceleration due to gravity We can also add terms for energy added by any source to this equation, then derive and find minima, which generalizes ... dynamics References http davis.wpi.edu matt courses cloth Cloth Modeling Notes references Category ... more details
Homology modeling , also known as comparative modeling of protein, refers to constructing an atomic resolution ... three dimensional structure of a related homologous protein the template . Homology modeling relies ... R, Melo F, Sali A. 2000 . Comparative protein structure modeling of genes and genomes. Annu Rev Biophys ... that were constructed without a template, usually by loop modeling , are generally much less accurate ... protein or nucleic acid. Homology modeling can produce high quality structural models when the target .... Nat Struct Biol 7 S1 11s 953. ref The chief inaccuracies in homology modeling, which worsen with lower ... selection. ref name Venclovas Venclovas C, Margelevi ius M. 2005 . Comparative modeling in CASP6 ... modeling is assessed in a biannual large scale experiment known as the Critical Assessment of Techniques for Protein Structure Prediction, or CASP . Motive The method of homology modeling is based ... such as X ray crystallography and protein NMR for every protein of interest, homology modeling can ... production The homology modeling procedure can be broken down into four sequential steps template selection ... Marti Template selection and sequence alignment The critical first step in homology modeling is the identification ... modeling methods. ref name Marti When performing a BLAST search, a reliable first approach is to identify ... pmid 18436442 pmc 2680823 ref Fragment assembly The original method of homology modeling ... identified in closely related solved structures. For example, a modeling study of serine protease ... Wallner B, Elofsson A. 2005 . All are not equal A benchmark of different homology modeling programs ... modeling of protein conformation by automatic segment matching. J Mol Biol 226 2 507 33. ref Satisfaction of spatial restraints The most common current homology modeling method takes its inspiration ... as the basis for a global optimization procedure that originally used conjugate gradient energy minimization ... 234 3 779 815. ref This method had been dramatically expanded to apply specifically to loop modeling ... more details
multiple issues orphan February 2009 confusing June 2008 introrewrite June 2008 Participatory modeling is an approach which is a branch of the general field of conceptual modeling . Its specialisation is aimed towards involvement of a large number of people. Benefits obtained from this type of modeling is numerous, depending on the application area. In particular participatory modeling can give a high degree of ownership and motivation towards change for the people involved in the modeling process. There exists two major approaches which themselves provide highly different goals for the modeling Continuous modeling and conference modeling. Continuous modeling Continuous modeling focus on the end user being the active modeler. This can be incorporated into an adaptable, context sensitive, intelligent system, which is suited to the end user on an individual level, this combination is often termed model generated workplaces or model generated user environments. The idea is that the end user potentially has the greatest actual domain knowledge and thus the organization as a whole benefits by obtaining and externalization externalize this knowledge. Conference modeling Conference modeling is an approach where the goal often is of a more social kind, such as motivating, change management , externalization of knowledge and so on. The idea is to involve a large number of diversified people from the domain in question. Then the modeling process is performed in participation among them during a fixed period of time. See also Model driven architecture Participatory Design SEQUAL framework Web2.0 References cite paper author Alexander Nossum title Modeling 2.0? State of the art in participatory modeling year 2008 url http folk.ntnu.no alexanno skole ModIS ParticipatoryModeling ParticModel.pdf ... Participatory Modeling Developing a Framework for Cross Case Analysis year 2010 url http www.springerlink.com content b336718k66731634 Category Operations research Category Scientific modeling ... more details
Turbulence modeling is the construction and use of a mathematical model model to predict the effects of turbulence . Averaging is often used to simplify the solution of the governing equations of turbulence, but models are needed to represent scales of the flow that are not resolved. ref citation url http books.google.co.uk books?id HSCUGJ1n8tgC title Fundamentals of turbulence modeling author Ching Jen Chen, Shenq Yuh Jaw publisher Taylor & Francis year 1998 ref Closure problem A closure problem arises in the Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes equations RANS equation because of the non linear term math overline upsilon i prime upsilon j prime math from the convective acceleration, known as the Reynolds stress , math R ij overline upsilon i prime upsilon j prime math Closing the RANS equation requires modeling the Reynold s stress math R ij math . Eddy viscosity Joseph Boussinesq was the first practitioner of this i.e. modeling the Reynold s stress , introducing the concept of Viscosity eddy viscosity . In 1887 Boussinesq proposed relating the turbulence stresses to the mean flow to close the system of equations. Here the Boussinesq hypothesis is applied to model the Reynolds stress term. Note that a new proportionality constant math nu t 0 math , the turbulence eddy viscosity, has been introduced. Models of this type are known as eddy viscosity models or EVM s. math overline upsilon i prime upsilon j prime nu t left frac partial bar upsilon i partial x j frac partial bar upsilon j partial x i right frac 2 3 left K nu t frac partial bar upsilon k partial x k right delta ij math Which can be written in shorthand as math overline upsilon i prime ... energy and math delta ij math is the Kronecker delta . In this model, the additional turbulence stresses ... url http books.google.co.uk books?id edy vDzifvAC&pg PA6 title Advances in Hypersonics Modeling hypersonic ... Special Booksources&isbn 0963605100 Wilcox C. D., 1998 , Turbulence Modeling for CFD 2nd Ed., DCW ... more details
Multiple issues expert Data warehousing date April 2011 incomplete April 2011 orphan April 2011 technical April 2011 unreferenced April 2011 Bitemporal Modeling is an Information modeling information modeling technique designed to handle historical data along two different timeline s. This makes it possible to rewind the information to as it actually was in combination with as it was recorded at some point in time. In order to able do so, information cannot be discarded even if it is erroneous. Within, for example, financial reporting it is often desirable to be able to recreate an old report both as it actually looked at the time of creation and as it should have looked given corrections made to the data after its creation. Implementations of Bitemporal Modeling are mostly done using relational database s. As such, Bitemporal Modeling is considered different from Dimensional modeling Dimensional Modeling and complementary to database normalization . The upcoming SQL standard SQL 2011 will provide language constructs for working with bitemporal data. As no standard is yet in place, current solutions are vendor specific. Philosophy Bitemporal modeling uses bitemporal structures as the basic components. This results in the databases which have a consistent type of temporality for all data. Benefits of Bitemporal Modeling By focusing on completness and accuracy of data Bitemporal Modeling facilitates the creation of complete audit trails of data. Specifically this allows for queries which provide The most accurate data possible as we know it now Data as we knew it at any point in time When and why the most accurate data we had changed Data warehouse Category Data warehousing Category Data modeling Category Data modeling diagrams Category Database normalization database stub ... more details
Instructional modeling is a common pedagogical practice where an instructor acts out or conducts an exhibition of proper skill performance, process execution, or cognitive processing e.g. think aloud . Students refer to the instructor s model and attempt to mimic or reproduce what they observed. Repetition of instructor modeling and subsequent student reproduction promotes automaticity of taught skills, procedures and cognition, which improves student performance. Quite often, instructional modeling is utilized in conjunction with role playing . Joint modeling and role playing practices may follow an I do, We do, You do instructional scaffolding strategy I do refers to the instructor s modeling of a concept We do involves students performing the concept i.e. either a reproduction of the instructor s model or a role playing scenario with instructor support You do refers to students autonomous performance of the concept i.e. through a role playing scenario, modeling reproduction, or real world application . Category Pedagogy ... more details
Refimprove date August 2007 Modeling chocolate is a chocolate paste made by melting chocolate and combining it with corn syrup and or a simple syrup made from table sugar and water . Primarily used by upscale cakemakers and patisseries to add decoration to cakes and pastries, modeling chocolate is formed into a variety of shapes and structures that cannot be easily accomplished with other softer edible materials such as buttercream buttercream frosting , marzipan , or fondant . Modeling chocolate can be made from white chocolate white , dark chocolate dark , semi sweet chocolate semi sweet , or milk chocolate . References div class references small references 2005 . http www.foodnetwork.com food show db Website made popular, in part, by television show Ace of Cakes on the Food Network. . March, 1997 . http www.foodandwine.com recipes modeling chocolate Recipe Colette Peters, owner of Colette s Cakes in New York City, shares her personal recipe for modeling chocolate with Food & Wine Magazine. . 1997 . http www.pastrychef.com Modeling Chocolate Rose ep 33.html Instructional Learn how to make a rose from modeling chocolate. . July, 1995 . http www.amazon.com dp 0964800403 Modeling Chocolate Made Easy A Decorating Guide. . div Chocolate Category Chocolate confectionery stub es Modelado de chocolate ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2011 Amplifier modeling also known as amp modeling or amp emulation is the process of digitally emulating a physical amplifier such as a guitar amplifier . Amp modeling may appear as software, such as plugins for DAWs Digital Audio Workstation which may be aided by computer hardware accelerators, or may be part of a standalone device or amplifier. Amp modeling often seeks to recreate the sound of one or more specific models of Guitar amplifier Vacuum tube amplifiers vacuum tube amplifiers . As part of a digital audio workstation, amp modeling may be applied to a guitar signal that was recorded clean , in order to achieve the sound of an amplifier being used. This process has the advantage of being dynamic the amplifier settings can be adjusted without forcing the musician to re record the piece. Image RolandMicroCube.jpg thumb 200px right The Roland Micro Cube , left, a small and portable digital modeling amplifier. Standalone modeling devices such as the Pod amp modeler Line 6 POD digitize the input signal and use a digital signal processor DSP , a dedicated microprocessor, to process the signal with digital computation, attempting to achieve the sound of expensive professional amplifiers in a much less costly and more compact device. These modelers can be connected ... be connected via USB for computer based recording. Guitar amplifier Modeling amplifiers Modeling amps ... in modeling device. Some high end modeling amps combine the digital modeling process with an actual vacuum tube power section. Analog modeling systems also exist, such as Tech 21 s SansAmp line of products. See also Fractal Audio Axe FX a rackmount unit which combines amplifier modeling with speaker cabinet simulation and effects processing. Roland CUBE a series of modeling amplifiers. Pod amp modeler Line 6 POD a series of standalone modeling computers, some designed for digital recording ... an amp modeler plugin AmpliTube modeling software Category Instrument amplifiers ... more details
Plasma Modeling refers to solving equations of motion that describe the state of a plasma physics plasma . It is generally coupled with Maxwell s Equations for electromagnetic field s or Poisson s Equation for electrostatic fields . There are several main types of plasma models single particle, kinetic, fluid, hybrid kinetic fluid, gyrokinetic and as system of many particles. Single Particle Description The single particle model describes the plasma as individual electrons and ions moving in imposed rather than self consistent electric and magnetic fields. The motion of each particle is thus described by the Lorentz Force Law . In many cases of practical interest, this motion can be treated as the superposition of a relatively fast circular motion around a point called the guiding center and a relatively slow drift of this point. Kinetic Description The kinetic model is the most fundamental way to describe a plasma, resultantly producing a distribution function math f vec x , vec v ,t math where the independent variables math vec x math and math vec v math are position vector position and velocity , respectively. A kinetic description is achieved by solving the Boltzmann equation or, when the correct description of long range Coulomb s law Coulomb interaction is necessary, by the Vlasov equation which contains self consistent collective electromagnetic field, or by the Fokker Planck equation , in which approximations have been used to derive manageable collision terms. The charges and currents produced by the distribution functions self consistently determine the electromagnetic fields via Maxwell s equations . Fluid Description To reduce the complexities in the kinetic description, the fluid model describes the plasma based on macroscopic quantities velocity moments of the distribution such as density, mean velocity, and mean energy . The equations for macroscopic quantities ... Physics publisher San Francisco Press year 1986 isbn 0911302581 DEFAULTSORT Plasma Modeling Category ... more details
orphan date January 2010 morefootnotes date August 2009 The Internet has changed the face of the modeling industry significantly by increasing accessibility. Aspiring models are drawn to online modeling sites, where they have an opportunity to post biographies and photos in hopes of being discovered by a top modeling agency , as well as increase their recognition as artists. By definition modeling is a profession that is based on intermediates to connect the actual talents with the relative job projects. Although the fact that an actual face to face evaluation is needed to determine if the candidates are right for the job, it was soon realized that the Internet could help in minimizing part of the costs incurred during the castings. Most of today s modeling agencies use their own website to demonstrate their models to their clients, this has led to even larger third party modeling websites that have accumulated large databases of talent profiles. Internet modeling sites boast benefits like the ability to be discovered through self marketing, without actually visiting the agencies or going to conventions. Drawbacks of these sites are the possibility of scams and exploitation. Also, many major modeling agencies say they typically do not search online portfolio hosting websites to recruit ... to the modeling and or acting industries photographers and talent scouts as well as models and actors are able to create profiles. An important distinction among modeling networking sites is whether they allow adult or sex content provider companies to become members. In most cases modeling sites ... them less interesting for credible agencies and fashion companies. Internet modeling websites exist in most countries, each focusing on their local fashion and modeling market. There are countless sites ... 1 oclc 70207392 cite book title The Professional s Guide to Modeling first Roger last Talley publisher ... 978 1592575923 oclc 81144651 refend Category Modeling ... more details
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