Polymers A standard example of an entropicforce is the Elasticity physics elasticity of a freely .... Another example of an entropicforce is the hydrophobe hydrophobic force. It comes from the entropy ... ., has argued that gravity can be explained as an entropicforce . For example, when someone throws ... to be entropic in origin, including Coulomb s law ref http arxiv.org abs 1001.4965, Coulomb Force as an EntropicForce , T. Wang ref ref http arxiv.org abs 0809.4631, Simple field theoretical approach of Coulomb systems. Entropic effects , D. di Caprio, J.P. Badiali, M. Holovko ref ref http arxiv.org ... and Dark Energy in a Modified EntropicForce Model , Zhe Chang, Ming Hua Li, Xin Li ref See also Colloid ... of an ideal chain References references Chemical bonds DEFAULTSORT EntropicForce Category Materials ... high concentration areas to low concentration areas. There is no microscopic force pushing molecules rightward, but there appears to be one in the bottom panel. This fake force is called an entropicforce . In physics , an entropicforce acting in a system is a phenomenology science phenomenological force resulting from the entire system s statistical tendency to increase its entropy , rather than from a particular underlying microscopic force . ref http books.google.com books?id u13KiGlz2zcC ... of higher entropy, as if driven by an elastic force. Hydrophobic force See also Hydrophobic effect ... chemistry Entropic forces also occur in the physics of gases and solutions, where they generate ... since 2009 some forces that are generally regarded as force conventional forces have been argued to be actually entropic in nature. These theories remain speculative and are the subject of ongoing work. Gravity main Entropic gravity It is generally believed that gravity is a microscopic force or arguably a pseudo force in general relativity . However, some speculative work, in particular a 2009 theory ... relativity . However, in the entropic theory, it is argued that the ball can follow any trajectory ... more details
Verlinde s statistical description of gravity as an entropicforce leads to the correct Newton s law of universal gravitation inverse square distance law of attraction between classical bodies . Entropic gravity is a hypothesis in modern physics that describes gravity as an entropicforce not a fundamental ... as an entropicforce. ref cite news last van Calmthout first Martijn title Is Einstein een beetje ... title Gravity is not an entropicforce 10.1103 PhysRevD.83.021502 date 15 January 2011 pages 021502 ... of an ideal chain Entropicforce Gravitation Induced gravity References Reflist 30em Further ... Force Category Thermodynamics Gravity As An EntropicForce uk zh ... mg20527443.800 the entropy force a new direction for gravity.html?page 1 The entropy force a new direction ... the beyond 2010 01 gravity is an entropic form of holographic information Gravity is an entropic form ... journal Phys. Rev. D 8101 R 2010 volume 81 title Friedmann Equations from EntropicForce issue 6 year 2010 arxiv 1001.3470 bibcode 2010PhRvD..81f1501C ref the dark energy dark energy ... journal Phys.Lett.B696 273 277,2011 volume 696 title Entropic Accelerating Universe ... 690 213 219,2010 volume 690 title Entropic cosmology a unified model of inflation and late time ... model has been proposed that indeed leads to entropic gravity emerging at large scales. ref cite arxiv ... Chaichian first Masud coauthors Oksanen, Markku and Tureanu, Anca title On gravity as an entropicforce eprint 1104.4650 ref Another criticism says that if vacuum had a non zero entropy density, then there would ... 2010 01 erik verlinde why gravity cant be.html Why gravity can t be entropic , Lubo Motl Pilsen ref In a recent paper ref http arxiv.org abs 1108.4161 Arxiv Once more gravity is not an entropicforce ref Kobakhidze argues that the counter to his argument against entropic gravity is invalid. Kobakhidze argues that an entropic origin of gravity would be in conflict with the observation of interference ... more details
Entropic security is a security definition used in the field of cryptography . Modern encryption schemes are generally required to protect communications even when the attacker has substantial information about the messages being encrypted. For example, even if an attacker knows that an intercepted ciphertext encrypts either the message Attack or the message Retreat , a semantically secure encryption scheme will prevent the attacker from learning which of the two messages is encrypted. However, definitions such as semantic security are too strong to achieve with certain specialized encryption schemes. Entropic security is a weaker definition that can be used in the special case where an attacker has very little information about the messages being encrypted. It is well known that certain types of encryption algorithm cannot satisfy definitions such as semantic security for example, deterministic encryption algorithms can never be semantically secure. Entropic security definitions relax these definitions to cases where the message space has substantial entropy from an Adversary cryptography adversary s point of view . Under this definition it is possible to prove security of deterministic encryption. Note that in practice entropically secure encryption algorithms are only secure provided that the message distribution possesses high entropy from any reasonable adversary s perspective. This is an unrealistic assumption for a general encryption scheme, since one cannot assume that all likely users will encrypt high entropy messages. For these schemes, stronger definitions such as semantic ... Wrap schemes can be considered under an entropic security definition. A practical application of this result .... Russell and Wang formalized a definition of entropic security for encryption. Their definition resembles the semantic security definition when message spaces have highly entropic distribution ... 2002 . http eprint.iacr.org 2004 219 Y. Dodis and A. Smith. Entropic Security and the encryption ... more details
Multiple issues orphan March 2012 inappropriate tone May 2008 original research May 2008 The entropic vector is a concept arising in information theory . Claude Shannon Shannon s information entropy measures and their associated identities and inequalities both constrained and unconstrained have received a lot of attention over the past from the time Shannon introduced his concept of Information Entropy. A lot of inequalities and identities have been found and are available in standard Information Theory texts. But recent researchers have laid focus on trying to find all possible identities and inequalities both constrained and unconstrained on such entropies and characterize them. Entropic vector lays down the basic framework for such a study. Definition Consider n jointly distributed random variables math X 1, X 2, ldots, X n math with a joint probability density function math p X 1, X 2, ldots, X n math . Let math alpha math be a subset of math N lbrace 1,2, ldots,n rbrace math . Now we define math p X alpha p X i 1 , X i 2 , ldots, X i k math where math alpha lbrace i 1, i 2, ldots, i k rbrace math . Clearly there are 2 sup n sup &minus 1 non empty subsets of math N math . Corresponding to each math alpha math , we have the joint entropy defined as math H left X alpha right math . A vector in math R 2 n 1 math consisting of math H left X alpha right math as its elements for all non empty subsets math alpha math of math N math . Such a vector is called an entropic vector. Example Let X , Y be 2 independent binary random variables with probability of each symbol as one half. Then math H left X right H Y 1, H X,Y 2 math Note that mutual information is then given by math I left X Y right H X H Y H X,Y 0 math This is because X and Y are independent. The entropic vector is thus math v left 1,1,2 right T math We note that math v in R 3 math is in math Gamma 2 math as there exists random variables with the entries in the vector as its entropies. Open problem Given a vector ... more details
An entropic explosion is an explosion in which the reactant s undergo a large change in volume without releasing a large amount of heat. The chemical decomposition of acetone peroxide triacetone triperoxide or TATP is an example of an entropic explosion. It is not a thermochemistry thermochemically highly favored event not much energy generated in chemical bond formation in reaction products . It rather involves an entropy burst, which is the result of formation of one ozone and three acetone gas phase molecules from every molecule of TATP in the solid state. External links and references Dubnikova, F. Kosloff, R. Almog, J. Zeiri, Y. Boese, R. Itzhaky, H. Alt, A. Keinan, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. Article 2005 127 4 1146 1159. http www.scripps.edu news sk sk2004 sk04keinan.html The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology 2004 The calculated thermal decomposition pathway of the TATP molecule was a complicated multistep process with several highly reactive intermediates, including singlet molecular oxygen and various biradicals. Of note, the calculations predict formation of acetone and ozone as the main decomposition products and not the intuitively expected oxidation products. The key conclusion from this study is that the explosion of TATP is not a thermochemically highly favored event. Rather, the explosion involves entropy burst, which is the result of formation of 4 gas phase molecules from every molecule of TATP in the solid state. Quite unexpectedly, the 3 isopropylidene units of the TATP molecule do not play the role of fuel that can be oxidized and release energy during the explosion. Instead, these units function as molecular scaffolds that hold the 3 peroxide units close together spatially in the appropriate orientation for the decomposition chain reaction. http arutzsheva.com news.php3?id 75139 Israeli Invention Detects TATP Explosives To our great surprise, PET s inventor ... as Entropic Explosion , is reminiscent of the rapid reaction that produces gas in the safety air bags ... more details
Context date July 2010 Technical date September 2010 In financial mathematics , the entropic risk measure is a risk measure which depends on the risk aversion of the user through the exponential utility function. This makes it a theoretically interesting measure because it would provide different risk values for different individuals. However, in practice it would be difficult to use since quantifying the risk aversion for an individual is difficult to do. The entropic risk measure is the prime example of a convex risk measure which is not coherent. ref Cite journal last Rudloff first Birgit last2 Sass first2 Jorn last3 Wunderlich first3 Ralf date July 21, 2008 title Entropic Risk Constraints for Utility Maximization url http www.princeton.edu brudloff RudloffSassWunderlich08.pdf accessdate July 22, 2010 format pdf ref Given the connection to utility function s already, it is an obvious choice for the constraints in utility maximization problem s. Mathematical definition The entropic risk measure with parameter math theta math the risk aversion parameter is defined as math rho mathrm ent X frac 1 theta log left mathbb E e theta X right sup Q in mathcal M 1 left E Q X frac 1 theta H Q P right , math ref cite book first1 Hans last1 F llmer first2 Alexander last2 Schied title Stochastic finance an introduction in discrete time publisher Walter de Gruyter year 2004 edition 2 isbn 9783110183467 page 174 ref where math H Q P E left frac dQ dP log frac dQ dP right math is the relative entropy of Q Absolutely continuous Absolute continuity of measures P . ref name FS10 Cite journal last Follmer first Hans last2 Schied first2 Alexander date October 8, 2008 title Convex and Coherent ... format pdf ref Acceptance set The acceptance set for the entropic risk measure is the set of payoffs ... FS10 Dynamic entropic risk measure The conditional risk measure associated with dynamic entropic risk ... DEFAULTSORT Entropic Risk Measure Category Financial risk Category Mathematical finance Category Utility ... more details
that the heroes, particularly Reed Richards, would free the Entropic Man. Indeed, Jude was called ... the Entropic Man Category Characters created by Sal Buscema Category Comics characters introduced in 1978 Category Marvel Comics supervillains tl Jude the Entropic Man ... more details
wiktionary Force The Force The Force or Force may refer to tocright Television and film The Force film The Force film , a 1994 American movie Force Star Wars Force Star Wars , a fictional concept in Star Wars media The Force Channel 4 television series The Force Channel 4 television series , a British television series on Channel 4 The Force ITV television series The Force ITV television series , an unrelated British television series on ITV The Force Behind the Line , an Australian documentary television series The Force advertisement , a 2011 television advertisement for Volkswagen s Passat Music The Force band , an American punk rock group The Force Kool & the Gang album The Force Kool & the Gang album , 1977 The Force Onslaught album The Force Onslaught album , 1986 Other uses Police force , the local law enforcement body Western Force , a rugby union team from Perth, Australia The Force , a nickname of snooker player Peter Ebdon See also Force disambiguation disambiguation it The Force ... more details
Expand section information about who publishes it date July 2007 Is it in Force? is the authoritative guide to the commencement of UK statutes from Halsbury s Statutes , published daily as an online service and twice annually as a paperback volume by LexisNexis Butterworths . It deals with every Public Act of Parliament , Measure of the Welsh Assembly , Act of the Scottish Parliament and General Synod Measure passed since 1960. However, annual Finance Acts are not dealt with in Is it in Force? because the commencement of provisions therein are generally stated clearly in the text of the provision concerned. Is it in Force? is designed to be used in conjunction with the Halsbury s Statutes Citator . See also Halsbury s Statutes Act of Parliament DEFAULTSORT Is It In Force? Category British law journals ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2008 A no force policy is used in transaction control in database theory . The term no force refers to the disk pages related to the actual database object being modified. With a no force policy, when a Database transaction transaction commits, the changes made to the actual objects are not required to be written to disk in place forced . A record of the changes must still be preserved at commit time to ensure that the transaction is durability computer science durable . This record is typically written to a sequential transaction log , with the actual changes to the database objects being changes which can be written at a later time. For frequently changed objects, a no force policy allows updates to be merged and so reduce the number of write operations to the actual database object. A no force policy also reduces the seek time required for a commit by having mostly sequential write operations to the transaction log, rather than requiring the disk to seek to many distinct database objects during a commit. Category Database management systems database stub ... more details
Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Force It Type Album Artist UFO band UFO Cover Force It cover.jpg Released July 1975 Recorded Morgan Studios , London Genre Hard rock Length 38 11 br 65 26 2007 Reissue Label Chrysalis Records Chrysalis Producer Leo Lyons Last album Phenomenon UFO album Phenomenon br 1974 This album Force It br 1975 Next album No Heavy Petting br 1976 Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1Score Rating 4 5 ref cite web url http www.allmusic.com album force it r51751 review title UFO Force It review accessdate 2011 07 20 last Rivadavia first Eduardo work Allmusic publisher Rovi Corporation ref rev2 Robert Christgau rev2Score B ref cite web url http www.robertchristgau.com get album.php?id 4077 title UFO Force It review accessdate 2011 07 20 last Christgau first Robert year 1987 publisher Robert Christgau ref noprose yes Force It is the fourth album by UFO band UFO , released in 1975. It became their first album to chart in the United States. The album was produced by Ten Years After bass player Leo Lyons . Another Ten Years After member, Chick Churchill , played Keyboard instrument keyboards , the first use of that instrument on a UFO record. The CD reissue was remaster ed at Sound Recording Technology, Cambridge in 1994. Album cover The somewhat controversial original cover was designed by Hipgnosis , as were almost all other UFO albums of the 1970s. For years, the genders of the couple in the bath were unknown, and the nudity was on the verge of decency ... of the band Throbbing Gristle . ref cite web url http www.ugo.com music ufo force it title Awesome ... magazine Billboard North America ref cite web url http www.allmusic.com album force it r51751 charts awards title Force It Billboard Albums accessdate 2011 07 20 work Allmusic publisher Rovi Corporation ... Albums produced by Leo Lyons Category Chrysalis Records albums es Force It lbum fr Force It it Force It pl Force It fi Force It sv Force It ... more details
Other uses Force disambiguation See also Forcing disambiguation File Force examples.svg 300px thumb Forces ... concepts Infobox Physical quantity bgcolour name Force image caption unit newton unit newton symbols F derivations nowrap F Mass m Acceleration a In physics , a force is any influence that causes ... construction. In other words, a force is that which can cause an object with mass to change ... deform . Force can also be described by intuitive concepts such as a push or pull. A force has both ... different, but equivalent terms the original version states that the net force acting upon an object ... and 9 2 of Feynman, Leighton and Sands 1963 . ref Related concepts to force include thrust , which ... glossary work Earth Observatory accessdate 2008 04 09 publisher NASA quote Force Any external agent ... antiquity used the concept of force in the study of statics stationary and dynamics physics ... errors in understanding force. In part this was due to an incomplete understanding of the sometimes non obvious force of friction , and a consequently inadequate view of the nature of natural motion ... Archive.org accessdate 2007 10 14 ref A fundamental error was the belief that a force is required to maintain motion, even at a constant velocity. Most of the previous misunderstandings about motion and force ... strength, they are strong force strong , electromagnetic force electromagnetic , weak force weak , and gravitational force gravitational . ref name texts High energy physics High energy particle physics ... Aristotle famously described a force as anything which causes an object to undergo unnatural motion Since antiquity the concept of force has been recognized as integral to the functioning of each of the simple machine s. The mechanical advantage given by a simple machine allowed for less force to be used in exchange for that force acting over a greater distance for the same amount of work physics ... who was especially famous for formulating a treatment of buoyant force s inherent in fluid s. ref name ... more details
About the military force other uses T Force disambiguation T Force was an elite British Army force which ... of the T Force were among the largest exploitation operations carried out by the allies. ref ...?id J1cyhzjUtMUC&pg PA63&dq 22T Force 22 2BBritain 2BGermany v onepage&q 22T Force 22 2BBritain 2BGermany ... Force SHAEF under General Dwight D. Eisenhower Eisenhower issued a directive to create T Forces soon ... . T Force units were attached to the three army groups on the Western Front World War II western front ... Army Group . The targets of the T Force were selected and recommended by the Combined Intelligence ...&lpg PA4&dq 22T Force 22 2BGermany 2BBritain 2Bmilitary 2Bscientists&source bl&ots jpTCiDbqza&sig GyVjaRHeF1o1XIzHYEwe81Kmrfg ... &f false accessdate 31 August 2009 ref T Force units were lightly armed and highly mobile. ref ... Target Force , normally referred to as T Force. Fleming sat on the committee that selected targets ... of the unit. The infantry component of T Force was formed by the King s Regiment Liverpool 5th Battalion .... Ian Fleming used elements of this story in his 1955 James Bond novel Moonraker . The story of T Force ... on the subject. ref T Force, The Race for Nazi War Secrets, 1945 by Sean Longden. Published by Constable & Robinson Sep 2009 ref Western front T Force units accompanied combat units when capturing industrial ... were removed. Once the T Force took control of a plant, CIOS would be informed of it, and investigators ... 0773528156 pages 109 110 url http books.google.lk books?id JDSsAAAAIAAJ&pg PA4&lpg PA4&dq 22T Force ... of the T Force was the seizing of Kiel on 4 May 1945. Allied troops had been ordered not to move north past Bad Segeberg by this time. However, a T Force group led by Major Tony Hibbert soldier ... was given in error, the T Force moved into Kiel unopposed, and took control of their assigned targets. A strong German force was present in the city, which was reluctant to surrender when asked by the T Force, until Admiral Karl D nitz instructed them to do so. ref Cite book title ... more details
T Force may refer to T Force , a British Army force from the Second World War T Force film T Force , a 1994 sci fi film Mr. T and the T Force , a comic book series disambig ... more details
Patterns of Force may refer to Patterns of Force Star Trek Patterns of Force Star Trek , an episode of Star Trek Patterns of Force Star Wars novel Patterns of Force Star Wars novel , a Star Wars novel disambig ... more details
La Force is French language French for The Force disambiguation the Force . La Force can refer to Places La Force is the name of several commune in France communes in France La Force, Aude La Force , in the Aude d partement La Force, Dordogne La Force , in the Dordogne d partement La Force prison was a prison in Paris People Duc de La Force was a List of French peerages peerage of France Jacques Nompar de Caumont, duc de la Force 1558 1652 , marshal of France and peer of France Armand Nompar de Caumont, duc de la Force c. 1580 1675 , first son of Jacques Nompar, peer and marshal of France Charlotte Rose de Caumont La Force or Mademoiselle de La Force 1654 1724 , a French writer Michael de la Force , born in Conroe, Texas , is an International Publisher, and member of the Fourth Estate based in New York City . disambig ceb La Force de La Force es La Force fr La Force nl La Force pt La Force sk La Force sl La Force uk ... more details
Force 10 may refer to Force 10 from Navarone film Force 10 on the Beaufort scale of wind speed s Gull Force 10 , a fuel brand in New Zealand Force10 , an American computer networking company Paratrooper ride Force 10 Ride Force 10 , an amusement ride. br disambig ... more details
New Force can refer to the following political parties New Force Iceland Nytt afl in Iceland historical New Force Italy Forza Nuova in Italy New Force Spain Nueva Fuerza in Spain Ulster Conservatives and Unionists New Force in Northern Ireland , the United Kingdom . New Force Party in Thailand See also New Forces dab ... more details
Freedom Force or The Freedom Force may refer to Freedom Force comics , two teams one of supervillains, the other of superheroes in the Marvel Comics universe Freedom Force video game Freedom Force video game , a video game for the Nintendo Entertainment System Freedom Force 2002 video game Freedom Force 2002 video game , a superhero game by Irrational Games The sequel, Freedom Force vs The 3rd Reich The Freedom Force TV series The Freedom Force TV series , a 1970s animated TV series Freedom Force, a militant group involved in Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir Militant groups insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir Freedom Force International, a G. Edward Griffin Libertarian advocacy libertarian interest group founded by G. Edward Griffin disambig fr Freedom Force ... more details
Expeditionary Force is a generic name sometimes applied to a Expeditionary warfare military force dispatched to fight in a foreign country . The term was particularly common in World War I and World War II . Military formations which have had Expeditionary Force in their title include American Expeditionary Forces Polar Bear Expedition American North Russia Expeditionary Force Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force Brazilian Expeditionary Force British Expeditionary Force disambiguation Canadian Expeditionary Force Chilean Expeditionary Force in War of the Pacific Greek Expeditionary Force Korea Greek Expeditionary Force to Korea Indian Expeditionary Force Italian Expeditionary Corps in Russia China Expeditionary Army Japanese Expeditionary Force to China New Zealand Expeditionary Force Samoan Expeditionary Force from New Zealand in World War I Hejaz Expeditionary Force Ottoman Hejaz Expeditionary Force 1st Expeditionary Force Ottoman Empire Ottoman 1st Expeditionary Force 5th Expeditionary Force Ottoman Empire Ottoman 5th Expeditionary Force Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea Portuguese Expeditionary Corps Russian Expeditionary Force in France mil unit dis ca Expedici militar de Expeditionsstreitkr fte es Expedici n militar kk no Ekspedisjonsstyrke ru ... more details
Strike Force may refer to Strike Force TV series Strike Force TV series , a 1981 ABC television series starring Robert Stack Strike Force video game Strike Force video game , a 1991 video game Strike Force professional wrestling , a professional wrestling tag team Strike Force , a 2003 film also known as The Librarians film The Librarians film . Aussie Strike Force , a Nat Geo Wild TV channel series starring Jamie Seymour, an Australian marine biologist and venom expert. Strike Force may also refer to Strikeforce , a mixed martial arts promotion Strike Force France , the French nuclear deterrent, a.k.a. the Force de frappe Strikeforce Morituri , a science fiction comic published by Marvel Comics . Commandos Strike Force , a video game Theatre Strike Force , a college improvisation troupe Strike force, military term for the military unit of a special assault assignment compare to quick reaction force in defense tactics disambig it Strike Force ... more details
In physics , resistive force is a force whose direction is opposite to the velocity of the body, or of the sum of the other forces, and may refer to Friction Viscosity Category Force disambig ... more details
Force Power may refer to The Force Star Wars Force power , relating to the foregoing disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Force Commander can refer to Force commander military , a command post in the British Army and several other armed forces or multinational forces Star Wars Force Commander disambig ... more details
Earth Force may refer to Earth Force Marvel Comics EarthForce the military of Babylon 5 See also Earth Defense Force for the fictional power source Dengeki Sentai Changeman disambig ... more details
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