- Ligniera pilorum
italic title orphan date July 2010 There is not an upper level in the taxonomy tree of articles linked to this article Taxobox color lightblue name Ligniera pilorum regnum Protozoa phylum Plasmodiophoromycota classis Plasmodiophoromycetes subclassis Incertae sedis ordo Plasmodiophorales familia Plasmodiophoraceae genus Ligniera species L. pilorum binomial Ligniera pilorum binomial authority Fron & Gaillat, 1925 synonyms small small Ligniera pilorum is a plant pathogen. External links http www.speciesfungorum.org Names GSDSpecies.asp?RecordID 166001 Index Fungorum http nt.ars grin.gov fungaldatabases USDA ARS Fungal Database References references DEFAULTSORT Ligniera Pilorum Category Plant pathogens and diseases Protist stub plant disease stub ... more details
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- Leiomyosarcoma
of the uterus. Cutaneous leiomyosarcomas derive from the Erectores pilorum pilo erector muscles in the skin ... more details
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- Multiple cutaneous leiomyoma
Multiple cutaneous leiomyoma s also known as Pilar leiomyomas ref name Fitz2 arise from the Arrector pili muscle arrectores pilorum muscles, and are made up of a poorly circumscribed proliferation of haphazardly arranged smooth muscle fibers located in the dermis that appear to infiltrate the surrounding tissue and may extend into the subcutis. ref name Fitz2 Freedberg, et al. 2003 . Fitzpatrick s Dermatology in General Medicine . 6th ed. . Page 1033. McGraw Hill. ISBN 0071380760. ref Sometimes associated with Uterine fibroid uterine leiomyomas a combination known as multiple cutaneous and uterine leiomyomatosis, MCUL , these lesions may also be a manifestation of the hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer syndrome. See also List of cutaneous conditions References reflist External links http atlasgeneticsoncology.org Kprones HeredMultCutLeiomyoID10127.html Hereditary multiple cutaneous leiomyomatosis at Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology Dermal growth stub Category Dermal and subcutaneous growths ... more details
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- Muscle
bronchi , uterus , urethra , Urinary bladder bladder , blood vessel s, and the erectores pilorum ... more details
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- Arrector pili muscle
Infobox anatomy Name Arrector pili muscle Latin musculus arrector pili GraySubject GrayPage Image Caption Width Image2 Caption2 Map MapPos MapCaption Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber Code Terminologia Histologica TH H3.12.00.3.01041 The arrectores pilorum singular arrector pili are small muscles attached to hair follicles in mammals . Contraction of these muscles causes the hairs to stand on end ref name Cormack2001 cite book author David H. Cormack title Essential histology url http books.google.com books?id VRWdBGTzNQgC&pg RA1 PA292 accessdate 15 May 2011 date 1 June 2001 publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins isbn 9780781716680 pages 1 ref known colloquially as goose bumps . Each arrector pili is composed of a bundle of smooth muscle fibres which attach to several follicles a follicular unit , and is innervated by the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system . The contraction of the muscle is therefore involuntary stresses such as cold, fear etc. may stimulate the sympathetic nervous system and thus cause contraction, but the muscle is not under conscious control. Contraction of the muscles has a number of different purposes. Its principal function in the majority of mammals is to provide insulation air becomes trapped between the erect hairs, helping the animal retain heat. Erection of the porcupine s long, thick hairs causes the animal to become more intimidating, scaring predators. Pressure exerted by the muscle may cause sebum to be forced along the hair follicle towards the surface, protecting the hair. The effectiveness of the muscles action in humans has been questioned, as humans have relatively little body hair to allow for thermal insulation. Additional images gallery Image Pilosebaceous Unit 4x.JPG Pilosebaceous unit Image Base of Pilosebaceous Unit 10x.JPG Base of pilosebaceous unit Image Insertion of sebaceous glands into hair shaft x10.jpg Insertion of sebaceous glands into hair shaft Image Skin.jpg Cross secti ... more details
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- Gray ramus communicans
Infobox Anatomy Name Gray ramus communicans Latin ramus communicans griseus nervi spinalis GraySubject 208 GrayPage 920 Image Gray799.svg Caption Scheme showing structure of a typical spinal nerve . 1. Somatic efferent. 2. Somatic afferent. 3,4,5. Sympathetic efferent. 6,7. Sympathetic afferent. Image2 Gray819.png Caption2 Diagram of the course and branches of a typical intercostal nerve. Rami communicantes labeled at center. System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre r 02 DorlandsSuf 12689524 Each spinal nerve receives a branch, gray ramus communicans , from the adjacent ganglion of the sympathetic trunk . They contain unmyelinated postganglionic Sympathetic nervous system sympathetic fibers. Function overview After signals are carried from the spinal cord to the ganglion through the ventral ramus, they synapse in the ganglion, and then post ganglionic fibres carry them to the organs that they innervate. But if the response is the whole body response, as in sympathetic fight or flight, the signals are distributed to other spinal nerves by way of gray rami which serve as bridges between the spinal nerves. Specific Functions in the Autonomic nervous system ANS All Thoracic ganglia send grey rami communicantes to their adjacent body wall. They supply blood vessels, sweat glands, and arrectores pilorum muscles. All lumbar ganglia have grey rami communicantes that rejoin the appropriate spinal nerves to supply the abdominal wall and lower limbs. The Sacral ganglia pelvic ganglia form grey rami communicantes whose lateral postganglionic branches supply the pelvic wall and lower limb. References cite book last1 Wilson Pauwels first1 Linda first2 Patricia A. last2 Stewart first3 Elizabeth J. last3 Akesson title Autonomic Nerves location Canada publisher B. C. Decker, Inc. year 1997 pages 71 104 month January isbn 978 1550090307 Additional Images gallery Image Gray824.png Deep and superficial dissection of the lumbar plexus. Image Gray846.png Thoracic portion of the sympathetic ... more details
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- Costanzo Varolio
Use mdy dates date April 2012 Image Varolio illus.png right thumb Illustration from De Nervis Opticis by Varolius Costanzo Varolio , Latinized as Constantius Varolius , 1543&ndash 1575 was an Italian anatomist and a papal physician to Gregory XIII . ref Mandosio disputed by Marini ref Varolio was born in Bologna . He was a pupil of the anatomist Giulio Cesare Aranzio , himself a pupil of Vesalius . He received his doctorate in medicine in 1567. In 1569 the Senate of the University of Bologna created an extraordinary chair in surgery for him with responsibility to teach anatomy as well and where a statue of him is housed at the Anatomical Theatre of the Archiginnasio . Later he is believed to have taught at the Sapienza University of Rome although he is not listed on the role there. Nevertheless, he is known to have had considerable success in Rome both as a physician and as a surgeon and his memorial plaque in that city refers to his great skill in removing stones. He died in Rome. He is best remembered for his work on the cranial nerves . He was the first to examine the brain from its base upwards, in contrast with previous dissections which had been performed from the top downwards. In 1573 he published this new method of dissecting the brain whereby he separated the brain from the skull and began the dissection from the base. Varolio described many of the brain s structures for the first time including the pons or pons Varolii which is a reflex center of respiration and a communication bridge between spinal cord and brain, the Cerebral crus crura cerebri and the ileocecal valve . ref MARTINOTTI G. 1926 , Costanzo Varolio e il suo metodo di sezionare l encefalo. Galeati ref Image Anatomiae Varolio.png right 150px thumb Title page to Anatomiae de corporis humani Another area of interest to him was the mechanism of Erection erectile function . Although the Musculi erectores penis i.e. Mm. bulbospongiosi and ischicavernosi had already been described by Galen in the 2 ... more details
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- Leiomyoma
leiomyomas arising from the arrectores pilorum muscles Angioleiomyoma s Vascular leiomyomas that are thought ... more details
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- Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer
smooth muscle tumour arising from the arrectores pilorum muscles of the skin. These tumours may also ... more details
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- Goose bumps
of each hair , known as arrectores pilorum , contract and pull the hair erect. The reflex is started ... more details
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- List of wheat diseases
br Ligniera pilorum br Olpidium brassicae br Rhizophydium graminis Viral diseases class wikitable ... more details
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- List of subjects in Gray's Anatomy: X. The Organs of the senses and the Common integument
of the hair scapus pili Cortex anatomy cortex cuticle Arrectores pilorum Sebaceous glands glandul ... more details
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- Index of anatomy articles
area postrema areola arm arrectores pilorum arteria dorsalis pedis arterial arcades artery articular ... more details
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