s of condensed water droplets refract and disperse the sun light and so are visible. Evaporation ... energy to escape evaporate . Evaporation is an essential part of the water cycle . The sun solar energy drives evaporation of water from ocean s, lake s, soil moisture moisture in the soil, and other sources of water. In hydrology , evaporation and transpiration which involves evaporation within plant stomata are collectively termed evapotranspiration . Evaporation of water occurs when the surface ... the rate of evaporation is limited. Since the kinetic energy of a molecule is proportional to its temperature, evaporation proceeds more quickly at higher temperatures. As the faster moving molecules ... cools the human body. Evaporation also tends to proceed more quickly with higher flow rates between ... line will dry by evaporation more rapidly on a windy day than on a still day. Three key parts to evaporation are heat, atmospheric pressure determines the percent humidity and air movement. On a molecular .... 760 Torr 1 Atmosphere unit atm . If evaporation takes place in a closed vessel, the escaping ... of vaporization , and R is the universal gas constant . The rate of evaporation in an open system ... the minimum amount of kinetic energy required for vaporization. Factors influencing the rate of evaporation ... of the substance in the air is less likely to go up with time, thus encouraging faster evaporation. This is the result of the boundary layer at the evaporation surface decreasing with flow velocity ... by the enthalpy of vaporization . Pressure Evaporation happens faster if there is less ... a higher average kinetic energy, and evaporation will be faster. Density The higher the density the slower a liquid evaporates. In the US, the National Weather Service measures the actual rate of evaporation ... do likewise around the world. The US data is collected and compiled into an annual evaporation map ... Resources Library Grow Resource Evaporation Bot generated title ref The measurements range from under ... more details
Image STS028 96 65.jpg thumb right An aerial view of the evaporation ponds to the south of the Dead Sea operated by the Dead Sea Works Evaporation ponds are artificial pond s with very large surface areas that are designed to efficiently evaporation evaporate water by sunlight and exposure to the ambient temperatures. Uses Evaporation ponds have several uses. Salt evaporation pond s produce salt from seawater . They are also used to dispose of brine from desalination plants. Mining Mines use ponds to separate ore from water. Evaporation ponds at contaminated sites remove the water from hazardous waste , which greatly reduces its weight and volume and allows the waste to be more easily transported, treated and stored. It is important to understand that evaporation is not the same as condensation although evaporation in an enclosed environment can subsequently lead to the condition of condensation as evaporated moisture is condensed out of the air and is reverted back to a liquid stage. Evaporation ponds can also be used to evaporate the precipitation meteorology precipitation that falls on a contaminated site. The contaminants that the water picks up on the ground are left behind after it evaporates. This prevents the contamination from spreading further down the Drainage basin watershed . Evaporation ponds are used to prevent pesticide s, fertilizer s and salt s from agricultural wastewater from contaminating the water bodies they would flow into. In California, selenium in agricultural wastewater has been especially problematic, causing birth defects in waterfowl. Seawater Greenhouse References http www.owue.water.ca.gov docs 06 EvapPonds.pdf California Department of Water Resources Evaporation Ponds http library.wrds.uwyo.edu wrp 85 21 85 21.html University of Wyoming Design Information for Evaporation Ponds in Wyoming http www.ars.usda.gov is pr 2005 050912.htm USDA Turning Evaporation Ponds into Arable Land http web.worldbank.org WBSITE EXTERNAL TOPICS EXTARD EXTAGWSOU ... more details
Image Evaporation Pan.jpg thumbnail right Class A evaporation pan Pan evaporation is a measurement that combines ... dispersion, solar radiation, and wind. Evaporation is greatest on hot, windy, dry days and is greatly ... atlas ch3 ch3overview.html title Class A Pan Evaporation ref Pan evaporation measurements enable ... AE118 title Irrigation Scheduling with Evaporation Pans ref Evaporation pan An evaporation pan is used to hold water during observations for the determination of the quantity of evaporation ... or square. ref cite web url http www.crh.noaa.gov glossary.php?letter e title NOAA Glossary Evaporation Pan ref The best known of the pans are the Class A evaporation pan and the Sunken Colorado ... the evaporation pans are automated with water level sensors and a small weather station is located nearby. Standard methods A variety of evaporation pans are used throughout the world. There are formulas ... American Class A Pan and Symon s Tank Evaporation to That of a Representative Environment journal Water ... of evaporation pans so that they can make more reliable and repeatable measurements. ref cite ... on evaporation from Symon s tank and American Class A pan evaporimeters journal Agricultural and Forest Meteorology volume 41 issue 3 4 pages pp. 307 323 doi 10.1016 0168 1923 87 90086 4 ref Class A evaporation ... on the Class A evaporation pan , a cylinder with a diameter of 47.5 in 120.7 cm that has a depth ... link fence to prevent animals drinking from it. Evaporation is measured daily as the depth ... into account in calculating the evaporation. Sometimes precipitation is greater than evaporation, and measured increments of water must be dipped from the pan. Evaporation cannot be measured in a Class A pan when the pan s water surface is frozen. The Class A Evaporation Pan is of limited .... Analysis of the daily rainfall and evaporation readings in areas with regular heavy rainfall ... evaporation is spuriously higher than other days in the same month where conditions more receptive ... more details
Image Coating deposition machine by evaporation at LAAS 0475.jpg thumb 200px Evaporation machine used ... in Toulouse, France. Evaporation is a common method of thin film deposition. The source material is evaporation ... object substrate , where they condense back to a solid state. Evaporation is used in microfabrication ... Evaporation involves two basic processes a hot source material evaporate s and condense s on the substrate ... pot. However, the gaseous environment and heat source see Equipment below are different. Evaporation ... of 60 m. Hot objects in the evaporation chamber, such as heating filaments, produce unwanted vapors ... is called shadowing or step coverage. When evaporation is performed in poor vacuum or close to atmospheric ... or smooth film. Rather, the deposition will appear fuzzy . Equipment Any evaporation system includes ... from the filament itself filament evaporation . Molecular beam epitaxy is an advanced form of thermal evaporation. In the electron beam method, the source is heated by an electron beam with an energy up to 15 keV . In flash evaporation , a fine wire of source material is fed continuously onto a hot ceramic bar, and evaporates on contact. Resistive evaporation is accomplished by passing a large current ... is often referred to as an evaporation source . Wire type evaporation sources are made from tungsten wire and can be formed into filaments, baskets, heaters or looped shaped point sources. Boat type evaporation ... due to the geometry of the evaporation chamber. Collisions with residual gases aggravate nonuniformity of thickness. Filament and resistive evaporation cannot deposit thick films, because the size of the filament limits the amount of material that can be deposited. However, flash evaporation and methods that use crucibles can deposit thick films. In order to deposit a material, the evaporation ... by methods that do not use electron beam heating. Electron beam evaporation allows tight control of the evaporation ... , or water vapor. Evaporation is commonly used in microfabrication to deposit metal films. Comparison ... more details
Potential evaporation or potential evapotranspiration PET is defined as the amount of evaporation that would occur if a sufficient water source were available. If the evapotranspiration actual evapotranspiration is considered the net result of atmospheric demand for moisture from a surface and the ability of the surface to supply moisture, then PET is a measure of the demand side. Surface and air temperatures, insolation, and wind all affect this. A dryland is a place where annual potential evaporation exceeds annual precipitation. Estimates of potential evaporation mm C. W. Thornthwaite Thornthwaite equation 1948 math PET 16 left frac L 12 right left frac N 30 right left frac 10 , T a I right alpha math Where math PET math is the estimated potential evapotranspiration cm month math T a math is the average daily temperature degrees Celsius if this is negative, use math 0 math of the month being calculated math N math is the number of days in the month being calculated math L math is the average day length hours of the month being calculated math alpha 6.75 times 10 7 I 3 7.71 times 10 5 I 2 1.792 times 10 2 I 0.49239 math math I sum i 1 12 left frac T ai 5 right 1.514 math is a heat index which depends on the 12 monthly mean temperatures math T ai math . ref name thornthwaite48 Cite journal doi 10.2307 210739 last Thornthwaite first C. W. title An approach toward a rational classification of climate journal Geographical Review volume 38 issue 1 pages 55 94 year 1948 url http www.unc.edu courses 2007fall geog 801 001 www ET Thornthwaite48 GeogrRev.pdf postscript Bot inserted ... equation 1948 Penman Monteith Penman Monteith equation 1965 See also Evaporation Water vapor Water ... Natural evaporation from open water, bare soil, and grass journal Proc. Roy. Soc. location London, U.K. .....120P cite book last Brutsaert first W.H. title Evaporation into the Atmosphere theory, history, and applications ... of potential evaporation. Category climate Category weather climate stub ... more details
Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Total Evaporation Type studio Longtype Artist The Radiators US The Radiators Cover Radiators Total Evaporation.jpg Released 1990 Recorded Genre swamp rock Length Label Epic Records Epic Producer Jim Dickinson Reviews Allmusic Rating 3 5 Allmusic class album id r16026 pure url yes link Last album Zig Zaggin Through Ghostland br 1989 This album Total Evaporation br 1990 Next album Snafu 10 31 91 br 1992 Total Evaporation is the fifth album by The Radiators US The Radiators , and their fourth studio album. Overview After two moderately successful albums on the Epic label, The Radiators collaborated with producer Jim Dickinson to produce a third. Despite decent reviews, the album failed to chart, and band and label parted ways shortly thereafter. Track listing Soul Deep Ed Volker 4 34 Let the Red Wine Flow Volker, Dave Malone, Camile Baudoin 4 53 Total Evaporation Volker, Malone, Baudoin, Reggie Scanlan 5 33 Grain of Salt Volker 3 46 Molasses Malone, Volker 3 43 Solid Ground Volker 6 03 Never Let Your Fire Go Out Malone, Baudoin, Scanlan, Frank Bua 3 40 Everything Gets in the Way Volker 4 02 You Can t Take It with You Malone, Baudoin, Scanlan, Bua 5 06 Good as Gone Volker 4 31 Party Til the Money Runs Out Volker 2 09 Honey from the Bee Volker 3 58 I Want to Go Where the Green Arrow Goes Volker 5 25 Personnel Ed Volker keyboard instrument keyboards , vocals Dave Malone guitar s, vocals Camile Baudoin guitars, vocals Reggie Scanlan bass guitar bass Frank Bua Jr. drum s Glenn Sears percussion instrument percussion Jim Dickinson record producer producer East Memphis Slim Hammond organ Wayne Jackson trombone , trumpet Andrew Love tenor saxophone The Memphis Horns Jay Mark engineer The Radiators US Category The Radiators American band albums Category 1990 albums Category Albums produced by Jim Dickinson Category Epic Records albums 1990s rock album stub ... more details
Image Vap Liq Separator.png thumb right 246px A typical flash drum Flash or partial evaporation is the partial vapor that occurs when a Boiling point saturated liquid stream undergoes a reduction in pressure by passing through a thermal expansion valve throttling valve or other throttling device. This process is one of the simplest unit operation s. If the throttling valve or device is located at the entry into a pressure vessel so that the flash evaporation occurs within the vessel, then the vessel is often referred to as a Vapor liquid separator flash drum . ref cite book author Stanley M. Walas title Chemical Process Equipment Selection and Design edition publisher Butterworth Heinemann year 1988 id ISBN 0 409 90131 8 ref ref cite book author Gas Processing Suppliers Association GPSA title Engineering Data Book edition 10th Edition, Vol. 1 publisher Gas Processing Suppliers Association ... volatility volatile components than is the remaining liquid. Uncontrolled flash evaporation can result ... evaporation of a single component liquid The flash evaporation of a single component liquid is an isenthalpic ... the throttling valve or device. This type of flash evaporation is used in the desalination of brackish ... into a reduced pressure flash evaporation stage where some of the water flashes into steam. This steam ... is introduced into a second flash evaporation stage at a pressure lower than the first stage pressure ... use of multiple flash evaporation stages is continued until the design objectives of the system ... distillation. Typically such plants have 24 or more sequential stages of flash evaporation. Equilibrium ... complex than the flash evaporation of single component liquid. For a multi component liquid .... Contrast with spray drying Spray drying is sometimes seen a form of flash evaporation. However, although it is a form of liquid evaporation, it is quite different from flash evaporation. In spray ... flash distillation program explorer.htm Flash evaporation program online Flash ... more details
Refimprove date July 2007 Vacuum evaporation is the process of causing the pressure in a liquid filled container to be reduced below the vapor pressure of the liquid, causing the liquid to evaporate at a lower temperature than normal. Although the process can be applied to any type of liquid at any vapor pressure, it is generally used to describe the boiling of water by lowering the container s internal pressure below standard atmospheric pressure and causing the water to boil at room temperature . When the process is applied to food and the water is evaporate d and removed, the food can be stored for long periods of time without spoiling. It is also used when boiling a substance at normal temperatures would chemically change the consistency of the product, such as egg whites coagulating when attempting to dehydrate the albumen into a powder. This process was invented by Henri Nestl in 1866, of Nestl Chocolate fame, Citation needed date July 2007 although the Shakers were already using a vacuum pan earlier than that see condensed milk . This process is used industrially to make such food products as evaporated milk for milk chocolate , and tomato paste for ketchup . File 00 vacuum pan sugar factory.JPG thumb right vacuum pans in a beet sugar factory In the sugar industry the vacuum evaporation is used in the crystallization of sucrose solutions. Traditionally, this process was performed in batch mode, but nowadays also continuous vacuum pans are available ref http www.bma worldwide.com products sugar and sweeteners vacuum pans batch and continuous types vkt.html article on continuous vacuum pans, retrieved on 21 September, 2011 ref Vacuum evaporation is also a form of physical vapor deposition used in the semiconductor , microelectronics , and optic al industries and in this context is a process of depositing thin films of material onto surfaces. Such a technique consists of pumping a vacuum chamber to pressures of less than math 10 5 math torr and heating a material ... more details
unreferenced date September 2008 The Grainer evaporation process is a method of producing salt . This method uses shallow open pans with steam heated immersion coils to evaporate the brine into salt. Sometimes it is paired with a partial vacuum, to speed evaporation. Compare Alberger process industry stub Category Industrial processes ... more details
analysis is available ref N.G. Barton, An Evaporation Heat Engine and Condensation Heat Pump , The ANZIAM ... About Sunoba Pty Ltd Thermodynamic cycles state uncollapsed DEFAULTSORT Barton Evaporation Engine ... more details
File MaraisSalant.JPG thumb Salt evaporation pond in Ile de R , France Image Cabo Verde Sal Pedra Lume.jpg thumb right Natural salt evaporation ponds at Pedra de Lume , Sal island , Cape Verde File Salt Works India.jpg thumb The salt works north of Pondicherry , India . Salt evaporation ponds , also called salterns or salt pans, are shallow artificial pond s designed to produce salt s from sea water or other brine s. The seawater or brine is fed into large ponds and water is drawn out through natural evaporation which allows the salt to be subsequently harvested. The ponds also provide a productive resting and feeding ground for many species of waterbird s, which may include endangered species. ref Athearn, Nicole D. Takekawa, John Y. and Shinn, Joel M. 2009 http digitalcommons.usu.edu nrei vol15 iss1 14 Avian response to early tidal salt marsh restoration at former commercial salt evaporation .... 15, Article 14. ref The ponds are commonly separated by levee s. Algae and colour of evaporation ponds Due to variable algal concentrations, vivid colors from pale green to bright red are created in the evaporation .... For example, pans used in the solar evaporation of salt from sea water are usually found on the coast ..., Salar del Hombre Muerto, Argentina.jpg Salt evaporation ponds at a lithium mine in Argentina . The brine .... Image Lanzarote salt pans.jpg Contemporary solar evaporation salt pans on the island of Lanzarote Image Solar Evaporation Ponds, Atacama Desert.jpg Solar evaporation ponds in the Atacama Desert Image Fundacion Valle Salado511.JPG Solar evaporation ponds in the Salt Valley of A ana , Spain Image Vallesaladoanana.jpg Solar evaporation ponds in the Salt Valley of A ana , Spain gallery http www.flickr.com ... External links commons category Salt evaporation ponds http eol.jsc.nasa.gov earthobservatory SALT ... pond DEFAULTSORT Salt Evaporation Pond Category Ponds Category Saltworks Category Economic geology ... simple Salt evaporation pond sl Soline sr sh Solana sv Salin th zh ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Vapor compression evaporation is the evaporation method by which a Centrifugal fan blower , gas compressor compressor or jet ejector is used to Gas compression compress , and thus, increase the pressure of the vapor produced. Since the pressure increase of the vapor also generates an increase in the condensation temperature, the same vapor can serve as the heating medium for its mother liquid or solution being concentrated, from which the vapor was generated to begin with. If no compression was provided, the vapor would be at the same temperature as the boiling liquid solution, and no heat transfer could take place. It is also sometimes called Vapor compression distillation VCD . If compression is performed by a mechanically driven compressor or blower, this evaporation process is usually referred to as MVR Mechanical Vapor Recompression . In case of compression performed by high pressure motive steam injector ejectors , the process is usually called Thermocompression or Steam Compression . MVR Process In this case the energy input to the system lies in the pumping energy of the compressor. The theoretical energy consumption will be equal to math E Q H2 H1 math , where E is the total theoretical pumping energy Q is the mass of vapors passing through the compressor H sub 1 sub , H sub 2 sub are the total heat content of unit mass of vapors, respectively ... smaller Roots type supercharger . Very large units evaporation capacity 100 metric tons per hour or more ... head , etc. see evaporator for details , is governed by the evaporation process. Comparison ... than the condensate, was the final product therefore, this method of evaporation is very energy efficient. The evaporation process may be solely driven by the mechanical work provided by the compressing ... 13 degrees F. This boiling point elevation represents a challenge for vapor compression evaporation ... vapor distillation system DEFAULTSORT Vapor Compression Evaporation Category Evaporators Category Chemical ... more details
Salt pans can refer to Salt pan geology , a flat expanse of ground covered with salt and other minerals, usually found in deserts Salt evaporation pond , a method of producing salt by evaporating brine Salt evaporation pond Salt pans Salt pans , metal vessels in which brine is boiled to produce salt disambig ... more details
Household cement is a name for a type of adhesive . It bonds most household items, hence the name. Household cement dries by evaporation of a polar solvent and is somewhat rubbery and quite toughness tough when dry. Category Adhesives tool stub ... more details
jack. The evaporation flask has been detached. acronym other names Rotavap uses Solvent evaporation ... removal of solvent s from samples by evaporation . When referenced in the chemistry research literature .... Design The main components of a rotary evaporator are A motor unit that rotates the evaporation flask ... mechanism to quickly lift the evaporation flask from the heating bath. The vacuum system used ... of the evaporation, and any propensities the dissolved compounds might give to the mixture e.g., to foam ... are manufactured to insert between the evaporation flask and the vapor duct. Modern equipment often ..., the component liquids of interest in applications of rotary evaporation are research solvent s that one .... Rotary evaporation is most often and conveniently applied to separate low boiling solvents such a n ... if there is minimal co evaporation azeotropic behavior , and a sufficient difference in boiling points ... are often applied in these cases e.g., evaporation while centrifuging or vortexing at high speeds . Rotary evaporation for high boiling hydrogen bond forming solvents such as water is often a last recourse, as other evaporation methods or freeze drying lyophilization are available. This is partly ... centrifugal evaporation technologies are particularly useful when one has many samples to do in parallel, as in medium to high throughput synthesis now expanding in industry and academia. Evaporation ... and the conveniences built into modern rotary evaporators allow for quick, gentle evaporation of solvents ... rotary evaporation can be removed by exposing the sample to even deeper vacuum, on a more tightly ... intended to be retained. Even professionals experience periodic mishaps during evaporation, especially ... be prevented by taking homogeneous phases into the evaporation, by carefully regulating the strength of the vacuum or the bath temperature to provide for an even rate of evaporation, or, in rare cases, through use of added agents such as boiling chip s to make the nucleation step of evaporation more ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 The Caplina River is a river in southern Peru . It runs through the city of Tacna , after which it gets dry due to filtration , evaporation and extractive use of the water. Coord missing Peru Category Rivers of Peru Peru geo stub es R o Caplina qu Kaplina mayu ... more details
Image TyNiemeyerDolanTechnique.png thumb Niemeyer Dolan technique for the microfabrication fabrication of single electron transistors . a Side view, cut along the current path. b Side view, cut perpendicular to the current path, and showing the resist mask and the layers deposited on it during the evaporations. c Top view, indicating the cut planes for views a and b. The Niemeyer Dolan technique , also called the Dolan technique or the shadow evaporation technique , is a thin film lithography lithographic method to create nanometer sized overlapping structures. This technique uses an evaporation mask that is suspended above the Substrate materials science substrate see figure . The evaporation mask can be formed from two layers of resist . Depending on the evaporation angle, the shadow image of the mask is projected onto different positions on the substrate. By carefully choosing the angle for each material to be deposited, adjacent openings in the mask can be projected on the same spot, creating an overlay of two thin films with a well defined geometry. ref J. Niemeyer, PTB Mitt. 84 , 251 1974 ref ref J. Niemeyer and V. Kose, Appl. Phys. Lett. 29 , 380 1976 , doi 10.1063 1.89094 ref ref G.J. Dolan, Appl. Phys. Lett. 31 , 337 1977 , doi 10.1063 1.89690 ref Usage The Niemeyer Dolan technique is used to create thin film electronics electronic nanostructures such as quantum dots and tunnel junctions . References references DEFAULTSORT Niemeyer Dolan Technique Category Nanoelectronics ... more details
Apparent temperature is the general term for the perceived outdoor temperature, caused by the combined effects of air temperature , relative humidity and wind speed . The Heat index measures the effect of humidity on the perception of temperature. In humid conditions, the air feels hotter than it actually is, because of the reduction in evaporation of perspiration . The Wind chill measures the effect of wind speed on the perception of temperature. In windy conditions, the air feels cooler than it actually is, because of the increase in evaporation of perspiration. The Wet Bulb Globe Temperature WBGT combines the effects of radiation, humidity, temperature and wind speed on the perception of temperature. It is not often used as the resulting figure is very location specific eg cloud cover and or wind shielding . Category Temperature ... more details
Image Atmometer.jpg thumb The atmometer or evaporimeter is a Measuring instrument scientific instrument used for measuring the rate of evaporation from a wet surface to the atmosphere . It was invented by either the Netherlands Dutch scientist Pieter van Musschenbroek 1692 1761 ref http www.dbnl.org tekst aa 001biog15 01 aa 001biog15 01 0974.php A.J. van der Aa, Biographisch woordenboek der Nederlanden. Deel 12. Tweede stuk. J.J. van Brederode, Haarlem 1869 ref or the Scotland Scottish mathematician and engineer Sir John Leslie 1766 1832 . A simple set up may be made by use of a porosity porous flat plate like object a filter paper , for example which can draw water from an easily measurable source a graduated cylinder , for example via a wick of some sort. As water evaporates from the surface, it tends to draw more water from the source through the wick by capillary action to replace the water lost by evaporation. By periodic measurements of the quantity of water remaining in the graduated cylinder, a rate of evaporation can be established. Also, using the surface area of the plate, we can establish a rate of evaporation per unit area. See also Lysimeter Pan evaporation Hook gauge evaporimeter External links http www.ext.colostate.edu pubs crops 04706.html detailing use of modern Atmometer design in irrigation http www.ianrpubs.unl.edu epublic live g1579 build g1579.pdf .pdf file detailing modified atmometer and use References Reflist Category Measuring instruments Category Scottish inventions technology stub ar de Atmometer el fr vaporom tre id Atmometer it Evaporimetro pl Atmometr sl Atmometer ... more details
wiktionary fixative fixatives A fixative is a stabilizing or preservative agent Fixative drawing , a liquid usually sprayed over a finished piece of artwork to better preserve it and prevent smudging Fixation histology , a solution used to preserve or harden fresh tissue of cell specimens for microscopic examination Fixative perfumery , a substance used to reduce the evaporation rate and improve stability when added to more volatile components Embalming chemicals , a variety of preservatives, sanitising and disinfectant agents, and additives used in modern embalming disambiguation ... more details
Vaporization of an element or compound is a phase transition from the liquid phase to gas phase. ref http www.britannica.com EBchecked topic 623152 vaporization Britannica Vaporization ref There are two types of vaporization evaporation and boiling . Image Phase change en.svg thumb right 300px This diagram shows the nomenclature for the different phase transitions. Evaporation is a phase transition from the liquid phase to gas phase that occurs at temperatures below the Boiling point boiling temperature at a given pressure. Evaporation usually occurs on the surface. Boiling is a phase transition from the liquid phase to gas phase that occurs at or above the boiling temperature. Boiling, as opposed to evaporation, occurs below the surface. Sublimation phase transition Sublimation is a direct phase transition from the solid phase to the gas phase, skipping the intermediate liquid phase. The term vaporization has also been used to refer to the physical destruction of an object that is exposed to intense heat. As noted in discussions of the effects of nuclear weapon s, this includes the vaporization of human bodies by the 1945 atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the vaporization of the uninhabited Marshall Islands Marshall Island of Elugelab in the 1952 Ivy Mike thermonuclear test. ref http www.pbs.org wgbh amex bomb peopleevents pandeAMEX63.html PBS American Experience Mike Test ref References Reflist States of matter Category Physical chemistry physical chemistry stub ca Vaporitzaci de Verdampfen et Aurustumine es Vaporizaci n fr Vaporisation gl Vaporizaci n ko hr Isparavanje ht Vaporizasyon pt Vaporiza o ro Vaporizare ru th uk zh ... more details
An alcarraza is an earthenware container, traditionally made in Spain . The container is filled with a liquid, then hung in a drafty place in the shade. The liquid seeps through the earthenware slowly and is evaporation evaporated by the action of the draft, lowering the temperature of the container and keeping the rest of the liquid cool. The word for this contain comes from the Arabic language Arabic word al karaz , meaning a pitcher. See also Double spout and bridge vessel References Larousse Gastronomique Alcarraza Category Containers Category Crockery Category Drinkware drinkware stub es Alcarraza ... more details
Galipot is an impure resin of turpentine . It is obtained from pine pine trees by evaporation of the essential oil and once purified is called yellow pitch, white pitch or Burgundy region Burgundy pitch. External links cite web title Galipot work Free Online Dictionary url http www.thefreedictionary.com galipot accessdate March 16, 2009 Category Alcohols alcohol stub ru ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Calandria is the reactor core of the CANDU reactor . The calandria contains heavy water , a neutron moderator moderator used to neutron moderator moderate neutron s to achieve nuclear fission . The word calandria may also refer to a shell and tube unit used as a thermosiphon reboiler for distillation or evaporation . The word calandria in the Spanish language can refer to a lark melanocorypha family . Category Nuclear reactors Category Nuclear technology in Canada Physics stub ... more details
Desalination The solar humidification dehumidification method HDH is a thermal water desalination method. It is based on evaporation of sea water or brackish water and consecutive condensation of the generated humid air, mostly at ambient pressure. This process mimics the natural water cycle , but over a much shorter time frame. The simplest configuration is implemented in the solar still , evaporating the sea water inside a glass covered box and condensing the water vapor on the lower side of the glass cover. More sophisticated designs separate the solar heat gain section from the evaporation condensation chamber. An optimized design comprises separated evaporation and condensation sections. A significant part of the heat consumed for evaporation can be regained during condensation. An example for such an optimized thermal desalination cycle is the multiple effect humidification MEH method of transportation. Solar humidification takes place in every greenhouse. Water evaporates from the surfaces of soil, water and plants because of thermal input. In this way the humidification process is naturally integrated within the architecture of the greenhouse. Several companies like Seawater greenhouse utilize this inherent feature of a greenhouse in order to conduct desalination inside the atmosphere of the facility. This integrated biotectural system mimics the natural process of cloud formation respectively desalination exactly. External links http www.desware.net Encyclopedia of Desalination and Water Resources The MEH Method in German with English abstract http mediatum2.ub.tum.de node?id 601861 Solar Desalination using the MEH method, Diss. Technical University of Munich http www.tinox watermanagement.de Desalination Systems using the MEH Process Category Water treatment Category Drinking water Category Water desalination watersupply stub de Meerwasserentsalzung es Desalaci n eo Sensaligo fr Dessalement he nl Ontziltingsinstallatie ja oc Dessalinizaci ... more details
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