Unreferenced date October 2007 An exactscience is any field of science capable of accurate Quantitative research quantitative expression or precise predictions and rigour rigorous methods of testing hypothesis hypotheses , especially reproducible experiment s involving quantifiable prediction s and measurement s. Physics and Chemistry can be considered as exact sciences in this sense. The term implies a dichotomy between these fields and others, such as the humanities . Related but not equivalent terms are hard science , pure science , and fundamental science . See also Demarcation problem science stub Category Science Category Exact sciences Category Formal sciences ar ca Ci ncies exactes cs Exaktn v da da Eksakt videnskab de Exakte Wissenschaft et T ppisteadused eo Formalaj sciencoj fr Sciences exactes fy Eksakte wittenskip gl Ciencias exactas it Scienza esatta he mk nl Exacte wetenschap nds nl Exakte wetenschop no Eksakt vitenskap pl Nauki cis e pt Ci ncias exatas ru sk Exaktn veda fi Eksaktit tieteet tr Fen bilimleri uk yi ... more details
In mathematics, the term exact equation can refer either of the following Exact differential equation Closed and exact differential forms Exact differential form disambig ... more details
subset in math mathcal S math . An exact cover is a kind of cover topology cover . In computer science , the exact cover problem is a decision problem to find an exact cover or else determine none exists. The exact cover problem is NP complete ref cite book author M.R. Garey authorlink Michael Garey ... by exactly one element in X . In computer science , the exact hitting set problem is a decision ...In mathematics , given a collection math mathcal S math of subset s of a set X , an exact cover is a subcollection ... ISBN 0 3063 0707 3 pages 85 103 ref The exact cover problem is a kind of constraint satisfaction problem . An exact cover problem can be represented by an incidence matrix or a bipartite graph . Knuth s Algorithm X is an algorithm that finds all solutions to an exact cover problem. Dancing Links , commonly ... X on a computer. The standard exact cover problem can be generalized slightly to involve not only ... Sudoku are noteworthy examples of exact cover problems. The N queens problem is a slightly generalized exact cover problem. Formal definition Given a collection math mathcal S math of subset s of a set X , an exact cover of X is a subcollection math mathcal S math of math mathcal S math that satisfies ... mathcal S math . In short, an exact cover is exact in the sense that each element in X is contained in exactly one subset in math mathcal S math . Equivalently, an exact cover of X is a subcollection math mathcal S math of math mathcal S math that partition of a set partitions X . For an exact ... exact cover. Thus it is typical to assume that The empty set is not in math mathcal S math . In other ... , E 2, 4 , and P 2, 3 . The subcollection O , E is an exact cover of X , since the subsets O 1, 3 and E 2, 4 are disjoint and their union is X 1, 2, 3, 4 . The subcollection N , O , E is also an exact ... not change the union. The subcollection E , P is not an exact cover of X . The intersection of the subsets ... hand, there is no exact cover indeed, not even a cover of Y 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 because math bigcup mathcal ... more details
About exact functors in homological algebra exact functors between regular categories regular category In homological algebra , an exact functor is a functor , from some category mathematics category to another, which preserves exact sequence s. Exact functors are very convenient in algebraic calculations ... of homological algebra is designed to cope with functors that fail to be exact, but in ways that can ... F P Q be an additive functor so that, in particular, F 0 0 . Let 0 A B C 0 be a short exact sequence of objects in P . If F is a covariant functor , we say that F is half exact if F A F B F C is exact There is also similar notion of topological half exact functor . left exact if 0 F A F B F C is exact. right exact if F A F B F C 0 is exact. exact if 0 F A F B F C 0 is exact. If G is a contravariant functor from C to D , we can make a similar set of definitions. We say that G is half exact if G C G B G A is exact. left exact if 0 G C G B G A is exact. right exact if G C G B G A 0 is exact. exact if 0 G C G B G A 0 is exact. In fact, it is not always necessary to start with a short exact sequence 0 A B C 0 to have some exactness preserved. It is equivalent to say F is left exact if 0 A B C exact implies 0 F A F B F C exact. F is right exact if A B C 0 exact implies F A F B F C 0 exact. F is exact if A B C exact implies F A F B F C exact. G is left exact if A B C 0 exact implies 0 G C G B G A exact. G is right exact if 0 A B C exact implies G C G B G A 0 exact. G is exact if A B C exact implies G C G B G A exact. Examples The most important examples of left exact functors are the Hom ... defines a covariant left exact functor from A to the category Ab of abelian group s. ref Jacobson 2009 , p. 98, Theorem 3.1. ref The functor F sub A sub is exact if and only if A is projective module ... , A is a contravariant left exact functor ref Jacobson 2009 , p. 99, Theorem 3.1 . ref it is exact ... exact functor from the category of k vector spaces to itself. Exactness follows from the above ... more details
File Exact coloring.svg thumb right Example of Exact Coloring with 7 colors and 14 vertices Image Graph exact coloring.gif right frame The Graph coloring n coloring of Complete graph math K n math is an exact coloring. In graph theory , an exact coloring is a Graph coloring proper vertex coloring in which every pair of colors appears on exactly one pair of adjacent vertices. In essence, an exact coloring is a coloring that is both Harmonious coloring harmonious and Complete coloring complete . Graphs that admit exact colorings have been classified. External links http www.maths.dundee.ac.uk kedwards biblio.html A Bibliography of Harmonious Colourings and Achromatic Number by Keith Edwards Category Graph coloring Combin stub ... more details
Exact statistics , such as that described in exact test , is a branch of statistics that was developed to provide more accurate results pertaining to statistical test ing and interval estimation by eliminating ... characteristic of exact methods is that statistical tests and confidence interval s are based on exact probability statements that are valid for any sample size . Exact statistical methods help ... of equal variances in classical ANOVA . They also allow exact inference on variance component s of mixed model s. When exact p values and confidence intervals are computed under a certain distribution, such as the normal distribution, then the underlying methods are referred to as exact parametric methods. The exact methods that do not make any distributional assumptions are referred to as exact ... such as higher way ANOVA regression analysis , and mixed models, only exact parametric methods ... may not be valid. In such situations, the asymptotic p value s may differ substantially from the exact ... used in exact statistics take advantage of the observable random vectors and the observed values ..., math rho mu sigma math . Then, we can easily perform exact tests and exact confidence intervals for math ... value of math overline X math and math S math is the observed value of math s math . Exact ... values Classical statistical methods do not provide exact tests to many statistical problems such as testing ... based on exact probability statements valid for any sample size. See also Exact test Fisher s exact ..., C. R. 1995. SPSS 6.1 Exact test for Windows. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall. Weerahandi, S. 1995. http www.springer.com statistics statistical theory and methods book 978 0 387 40621 3 Exact Statistical ... Generalized Inference in Repeated Measures Exact Methods in MANOVA and Mixed Models . Wiley, New York. External links http www.weerahandi.org XPro , Free software package for exact parametric statistics DEFAULTSORT Exact Statistics Category Statistical inference ... more details
Notability date February 2012 In mathematics and especially physics , an exact solution is a Equation solving solution to a problem that encapsulates the whole mathematics or physics of the problem without using an approximation . In that respect it is similar to an analytic solution . See also Exact solutions in general relativity References http mathworld.wolfram.com ExactSolution.html Exact solution Wolfram Mathworld Category Equations Category Physics math stub physics stub ... more details
Infobox company company name Exact Holding company logo company type Naamloze vennootschap Euronext Exact foundation 1984 location Delft , Netherlands key people ... small chief executive officer CEO small industry Information technology , computer software software products business software revenue Euro 228,2 million small 2010 small ref name AR2010 cite web url http www.exact.com investors key figures title Key figures 2010, unaudited accessdate 31 March 2011 publisher Exact ref num employees 1867 small 2011 small ref name BW02172011 cite web url http investing.businessweek.com research stocks snapshot snapshot.asp?ticker EXACT NA title Employees on 17 february 2011 accessdate 2011 03 30 publisher Businessweek ref homepage http www.exact.com Exact Software intl yes Exact Holding Euronext Exact is a Dutch software company , founded in 1984. It provides enterprise software applications and related ... 8 October 2010 publisher Unit4 ref Exact is listed on Euronext Amsterdam Euronext and is included in the Amsterdam Small Cap Index AScX index AScX . The company s flagship products are Exact Globe Enterprise resource planning ERP and accounting software accounting , Exact Synergy and Exact Online. History File EntranceExactHeadquartersByNight.JPG Entrance of Exact Headquarters by night thumb Exact Software was founded in 1984 in the city of Delft. Six students turned their first accounting software together, aiming on small and medium sized enterprises. Within ten years time, Exact Software ..., the company received the King William I plaque for young entrepreneurship in 1995. Exact declared ... 20 of the revenue was made outside the Netherlands. In 1999, Exact became listed on the Amsterdam Stock Exchange. In 2007, Exact purchased Longview Holdings for US 51.5 million. ref cite news url ... Exact Holding N.V. Categories Category Software companies of the Netherlands de Exact Software es Exact Software nl Exact Holding ... more details
An exact sequence is a concept in mathematics , especially in Ring mathematics ring and module mathematics module theory, homological algebra , as well as in differential geometry and group theory . An exact ... homomorphism s is called exact if the Image mathematics image or Range mathematics range of each ... definition can be made for certain other algebraic structure s. For example, one could have an exact ... s. More generally, the notion of an exact sequence makes sense in any category mathematics category with kernel category theory kernel s and cokernel s. Short exact sequence math A xrightarrow f B twoheadrightarrow C math The most common type of exact sequence is the short exact sequence . This is an exact ... f . A short exact sequence of abelian groups may also be written as an exact sequence with five terms ... instead of 0 . So in that case a short exact sequence would be written as follows math 1 xrightarrow ... headed arrow math twoheadrightarrow math indicates an epimorphism the map mod 2 . This is an exact ... Z 2 Z is given by reducing integers modular arithmetic modulo 2. This is indeed an exact sequence ... is exact at the first Z . the image of multiplication by 2 is 2 Z , and the kernel of reducing modulo 2 is also 2 Z , so the sequence is exact at the second Z . the image of reducing modulo 2 is all of Z 2 Z , and the kernel of the zero map is also all of Z 2 Z , so the sequence is exact at the position ... and begins or ends with 0. The sequence 0 A B is exact at A if and only if the map from A to B has kernel 0 , i.e. if and only if that map is a monomorphism one to one . Dually, the sequence B C 0 is exact ... is an epimorphism onto . A consequence of these last two facts is that the sequence 0 X Y 0 is exact ... are short exact sequences , which are exact sequences of the form math 0 rightarrow A overset f rightarrow B overset g rightarrow C rightarrow 0 math By the above, we know that for any such short exact ... exact sequence admits a morphism t B A such that t small o small f is the identity on A logical disjunction ... more details
In statistics , an exact significance test is a test where all statistical assumption assumptions upon which the derivation of the distribution of the test statistic is based are met, as opposed to an approximate test , in which the approximation may be made as close as desired by making the sample size big enough. This will result in a significance test that will have a false rejection rate always equal to the significance level of the test. For example an exact test at significance level 5 will in the long ... described in exact statistics , are exact tests when the parametric assumptions are fully met, but in practice the use of the term exact significance test is reserved for those tests that do not rest ... the implementation of the test non exact. So when the result of a statistical analysis is said to be an exact test or an exact p value , it ought to imply that the test is defined without parametric assumptions ... when it is certain that parametric tests are exact include tests based on the binomial or Poisson distributions. Sometimes permutation test is used as a synonym for exact test, but although all permutation tests are exact tests, not all exact tests are permutation tests. Definition The basic equation underlying permutation tests is math Pr text exact sum mathbf y , ,T mathbf y ge T mathbf x Pr ... Pearson s chi squared test versus an exact test A simple example of the occasion for this concept may ... distributions may not be very close approximations. Finding the exact probability that this test statistic ... of the one above. Example Fisher s exact test Fisher s exact test is exact because the sampling distribution ... although it tests the same null is not exact because the distribution of the test statistic is correct only asymptotically. Citation needed date December 2009 See also Resampling statistics Exact statistics ..., C. R. Patel, N. R. 1997 http www.cytel.com Papers sxpaper.pdf Exact inference in categorical data , unpublished preprint. Mehta, C.R. Patel, N.R. 1998 . Exact Inference for Categorical Data . In P ... more details
otheruses4 exact categories in the sense of Quillen exact categories in the sense of Barr regular category exact categories in the sense of Buchsbaum abelian category In mathematics , an exact category ... of short exact sequence s in abelian category abelian categories without requiring that morphisms ... of such a sequence. Definition An exact category E is an additive category possessing a class set theory class E of short exact sequences triples of objects connected by arrows math M to M to M math satisfying the following axioms inspired by the properties of short exact sequence s in an abelian category E is closed under isomorphisms and contains the canonical split exact sequences math .... One can speak of an exact functor between exact categories exactly as in the case of exact functor s of abelian categories an exact functor math F math from an exact category D to another one E is an additive functor such that if math M rightarrowtail M twoheadrightarrow M math is exact in D , then math F M rightarrowtail F M twoheadrightarrow F M math is exact in E . If D is a subcategory of E , it is an exact subcategory if the inclusion functor is fully faithful and exact. Motivation Exact categories come from abelian categories in the following way. Suppose A is abelian and let ... algebra extension s in the sense that given an exact sequence math 0 to M to M to M to 0 math ... the sequences in E which are exact in A that is, math M to M to M math is in E iff math 0 to M to M to M to 0 math is exact in A . Then E is an exact category in the above sense. We verify the axioms E is closed under isomorphisms and contains the split exact sequences these are true by definition, since in an abelian category, any sequence isomorphic to an exact one is also exact, and since the split sequences are always exact in A . Admissible epimorphisms respectively, admissible monomorphisms are stable under pullbacks resp. pushouts given an exact sequence of objects in E , math 0 to M ... more details
In game theory , an exact or even division is a type of fair division where all the players believe everyone received the same amount. There is no finite fair division procedure for exact division of divisible goods. However there are moving knife procedures for two players. For more than two players only near exact procedures are known, this is sufficient though to enable envy free fair division procedures to be devised for any number of players. There are a number of existence proofs derived from measure theory or topology for exact divisions in various circumstances. Divisions of this type are much easier if the participants cooperate in establishing entitlement fair division entitlement s rather than competing as in fair division . Some authors refer to this as consensus division or consensus halving . ref Citation doi 10.1016 j.aim.2008.02.003 last de Longueville first Mark coauthor Rade T. ivaljevi title Splitting multidimensional necklaces journal Advances in Mathematics year 2008 volume 218 pages 926 939 postscript . ref ref Citation doi 10.1016 S0165 4896 02 00087 2 last Simmons first Forest W. coauthor Francis Edward Su title Consensus halving via theorems of Borsuk Ulam and Tucker journal Mathematical Social Sciences year 2003 volume 45 pages 15 25 postscript . ref Two players The original procedure for exact division of a cake devised by A.K.Austin is as follows ref ... player must of course end the turn with the knife on the same line as where it started. Exact division ... by a slightly more complicated procedure. Near exact division For more than two players there is no known procedure for exact division, but near exact divisions are possible. This means for any ... are then selected so the players get allocations in near exact proportion to their entitlements ... existence proofs for exact divisions in various circumstances. ref citation author B. Gr nbaum ... journal Pacific J. Math volume 10 year 1960 pages 1257 1261 ref References reflist DEFAULTSORT Exact ... more details
Infobox airline airline Exact Air image image size alt IATA ICAO callsign founded commenced ceased aoc bases Baie Comeau Airport hubs secondary hubs focus cities frequent flyer lounge alliance subsidiaries fleet size destinations company slogan parent headquarters Baie Comeau , Quebec , Canada key people revenue operating income net income profit assets equity website Exact Air is an airline based in Baie Comeau , Quebec , Canada . It operates scheduled, charter passenger and cargo services, as well as supplying aviation fuel, ground services and aircraft maintenance and repair. Its main base is Baie Comeau Airport ref name FI cite news title Directory World Airlines work Flight International page 66 date 2007 12 27 ref . Fleet Image Cessna402C FFAP02.jpg thumb left Exact Air uses the Cessna 402 2 Beechcraft King Air Raytheon Beech King Air 100 3 Cessna 402 1 Cessna 310 References Reflist External links http www.exactair.ca Airline page Airlines of Canada Category Airlines established in 2008 Category Baie Comeau Category Regional airlines of Quebec ... more details
title Shibboleth signs up Exact Editions url http www.v3.co.uk information world review news 2229780 shibboleth signs exact editions 4312985 work Information World Review accessdate 2009 08 03 ref and the online ... of publication weekly, monthly, quarterly . Who they work with Exact Editions works with over 90 ... Christensen date 20 September 2007 title Exact Editions of Berkshire titles available now url http www.berkshirepublishing.com ... 2010 title PW Teams with Exact Editions for iPhone App url http www.publishersweekly.com pw by topic industry news publisher news article 43316 pw teams with exact editions for iphone app.html work ... Smith date 27 November 2009 title Exact Editions Local Newspaper Deal url http paidcontent.co.uk article 419 print round up exact editions local newspaper deal archant mobile indep work paidContent ... 12 February 2009 title Exact Editions The Future of Magazines? url http becoming a writer seriously.com wordpress 2009 02 12 exact editions the future of magazines accessdate 2009 07 30 work Becoming A Writer Seriously ref Exact Editions apps Exact Editions recently launched their own app Exactly ... on your iPhone Exact Editions app with pageflow view url http www.teleread.org 2009 05 26 want to see magazines in original layouts on your iphone try exact editions app with page flow 4 work Teleread ... more details
from differential topology and differential geometry closed and exact differential forms Expert subject ... is said to be exact , as contrasted with an inexact differential , if it is of the form dQ , for some ... a differential form. A differential form is exact on a domain D in space if A dx B ... dQ A x , dx math is always exact. For two dimensions, in order that a differential math dQ A x, y ,dx B x, y ,dy math be an exact differential in a simply connected region R of the xy plane, it is necessary ... dQ A x, y, z , dx B x, y, z , dy C x, y, z , dz math is an exact differential in a simply connected ... to be an exact differential, there are six conditions to satisfy. In summary, when a differential dQ is exact the function Q exists math int i f dQ Q f Q i , math independent of the path followed. In thermodynamics , when dQ is exact, the function Q is a state function of the system. The thermodynamic .... An exact differential is sometimes also called a total differential , or a full differential , or, in the study of differential geometry , it is termed an exact form . Partial differential relations ... y right x . math Some useful equations derived from exact differentials in two dimensions See also Bridgman s thermodynamic equations for the use of exact differentials in the theory of thermodynamic ... space is two dimensional and any of the five quantities are exact differentials. Then by the chain ... frac partial y partial z right x 1 math See also Closed and exact differential forms for a higher level treatment Differential mathematics Inexact differential Integrating factor for solving non exact differential equations by making them exactExact differential equation References references Perrot ... salzmanr 480a 480ants e&idiff e&idiff.html Exact and Inexact Differentials University of Arizona http farside.ph.utexas.edu teaching sm1 lectures node36.html Exact and Inexact Differentials University of Texas http mathworld.wolfram.com ExactDifferential.html Exact Differential from ... more details
Exact Change is an independent book publishing company formed in 1990 by Damon Krukowski and Naomi Yang of Galaxie 500 and later of Damon and Naomi . The company specialises in re publishing 19th and 20th century avant garde literature and has published works by John Cage , Salvador Dal and Denton Welch among many others. Selected publications The Heresiarch & Co. , The Poet Assassinated Guillaume Apollinaire The Adventures of Telemachus , Paris Peasant Louis Aragon Watchfiends and Rack Screams Antonin Artaud Composition in Retrospect John Cage The Hearing Trumpet Leonora Carrington Hebdomeros Giorgio de Chirico Oui Salvador Dal Give My Regards to Eighth Street Morton Feldman The Death and Letters of Alice James Alice James The Supermale , Exploits & Opinions of Dr. Faustroll, Pataphysician Alfred Jarry The Blue Octavo Notebooks Franz Kafka Les Chants de Maldoror Maldoror and the complete works Comte de Lautr amont Immemory CD Rom Chris Marker Aur lia and other writings G rard de Nerval The Book of Disquiet , The Education of the Stoic Fernando Pessoa The Burial of the Count of Orgaz & other poems Pablo Picasso How I wrote Certain of my Books Raymond Roussel PPPPPP Kurt Schwitters Everybody s Autobiography Gertrude Stein In Youth is Pleasure Denton Welch External links http www.exactchange.com Official Exact Change website publish company stub Category American publishers Category Publishing companies established in 1990 ... more details
Italic title Archive for History of Exact Sciences is a Peer review peer reviewed academic journal on the history of science , primarily the history of mathematics and closely related subjects. It is published by Springer Science Business Media and was established in 1975. The current editors in chief are Jed Buchwald and Jeremy Gray . Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in columns list colwidth 30em Science Citation Index Arts and Humanities Citation Index Scopus Zentralblatt MATH EBSCO Publishing EBSCO databases Academic OneFile Current Contents Arts and Humanities Current Contents Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences Current Index to Statistics Digital Mathematics Registry FRANCIS INIS Atomindex International Bibliography of Book Reviews International Bibliography of Periodical Literature Mathematical Reviews According to the Journal Citation Reports , the journal has a 2010 impact factor of 0.400. ref name WoS cite book year 2012 chapter Archive for History of Exact Sciences title 2010 Journal Citation Reports publisher Thomson Reuters edition Science accessdate 2012 02 8 series Web of Science postscript . ref References Reflist External links Official http www.springer.com mathematics history of mathematics journal 407 Print ISSN 0003 9519 Online ISSN 1432 0657 Category History of science journals Category Springer academic journals Category Bimonthly journals Category English language journals Category Publications established in 1975 ... more details
The Society for Exact Philosophy SEP is a North American organisation that is devoted to the application of exact, rigorous methods in philosophy . It was founded in 1970 in Montreal and has met annually since 1976, usually alternating between the United States and Canada . External links http www.phil.ufl.edu SEP Homepage of the Society for Exact Philosophy Category Philosophical societies Category Organizations based in North America de Society for Exact Philosophy ... more details
A Survey of Exact Inference for Contingency Tables journal Statistical Science volume 7 number 1 ...Fisher s exact test ref Cite journal last Fisher first R. A. authorlink Ronald Fisher year 1922 title ... Fisher R. A. Fisher , and is one of a class of exact test s, so called because the significance of the deviation ... that becomes exact in the limit as the sample size grows to infinity, as with many statistical ... doi 10.2307 2286650 last Larntz first Kinley year 1978 title Small sample comparisons of exact levels ... data, the exact and asymptotic p values can be quite different and may lead to opposite conclusions ... Patel first2 Nitin R last3 Tsiatis first3 Anastasios A year 1984 title Exact significance testing .... SPSS 6.1 Exact test for Windows. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall. ref In contrast the Fisher test is, as its name states, exact as long as the experimental procedure keeps the row and column ... year 1983 title A Network Algorithm for Performing Fisher s Exact Test in r X c Contingency Tables ... the formula for the general form of Fisher s exact test for m n contingency tables ... title ALGORITHM 643 FEXACT a FORTRAN subroutine for Fisher s exact test on unordered r c contingency ... and the symbol indicates the factorial factorial operator . This formula gives the exact probability ... calculate the exact probability of any arrangement of the 24 teenagers into the four cells of the table ... area. Controversies Despite the fact that Fisher s test gives exact p values, some authors have ... In dispraise of the exact test journal Journal of Statistic Planning and Inference volume 2 pages ... Senchaudhuri, Conditional versus Unconditional Exact Tests for Comparing Two Binomials 4 September ... ref Fisher s test gives exact p values both for fixed and for random marginals. Other tests, most prominently Barnard s exact test Barnard s , require random marginals. Some authors ref name Yates1984 ... property. Alternatives An alternative exact test, Barnard s exact test , has been developed and proponents ... more details
In mathematics, the inflation restriction exact sequence is an exact sequence occurring in group cohomology and is a special case of the five term exact sequence arising from the study of spectral sequences . Specifically, let G be a group mathematics group , N a normal subgroup , and A an abelian group which is equipped with an action of G , i.e., a homomorphism from G to the automorphism automorphism group of A . The quotient group G N acts on A sup N sup a math in math A na a for all n math in math N . Then the inflation restriction exact sequence is 0 &rarr H sup 1 sup G N , A sup N sup &rarr H sup 1 sup G , A &rarr H sup 1 sup N , A sup G N sup &rarr H sup 2 sup G N , A sup N sup &rarr H sup 2 sup G , A Category Homological algebra algebra stub ... more details
In mathematics, five term exact sequence or exact sequence of low degree terms is a exact sequence sequence of terms related to the first step of a spectral sequence . More precisely, let E sub 2 sub sup p , q sup &rArr H sup n sup A be a spectral sequence, whose terms are non trivial only for p , q 0. Then there is an exact sequence 0 &rarr E sub 2 sub sup 1,0 sup &rarr H sup 1 sup A &rarr E sub 2 sub sup 0,1 sup &rarr E sub 2 sub sup 2,0 sup &rarr H sup 2 sup A . Here, the map E sub 2 sub sup 0,1 sup &rarr E sub 2 sub sup 2,0 sup is the differential of the E sub 2 sub term of the spectral sequence. Example The inflation restriction exact sequence 0 &rarr H sup 1 sup G N , A sup N sup &rarr H sup 1 sup G , A &rarr H sup 1 sup N , A sup G N sup &rarr H sup 2 sup G N , A sup N sup &rarr H sup 2 sup G , A in group cohomology arises as the five term exact sequence associated to the Lyndon Hochschild Serre spectral sequence H sup p sup G N , H sup q sup N , A &rArr H sup p q sup G, A where G is a profinite group , N is a Closed subgroup closed normal subgroup , and A is a G module G module . References Neukirch et al. CNF Weibel IHA Category Spectral sequences ... more details
Infobox software name Exact Audio Copy logo Image Exact Audio Copy Icon.png 64px Exact Audio Copy Icon screenshot caption Exact Audio Copy running under Linux, through Wine developer Andre Wiethoff latest release version http www.exactaudiocopy.de en index.php resources download 1.0 beta 3 latest release date release date 22 09 2011 operating system Microsoft Windows Windows genre CD ripper license Proprietary software Proprietary , Freeware website http www.exactaudiocopy.de www.exactaudiocopy.de Exact Audio Copy EAC is a Proprietary software proprietary Ripping CD ripping Computer program program for Microsoft Windows . It has also been tested to work under newer versions of Wine software Wine on Linux . ref http appdb.winehq.org appview.php?iAppId 1190 Wine Application DB entry for EAC ref This program was created by Andre Wiethoff in 1998, while he was a student at the Dortmund University of Technology University of Dortmund in Germany , stating he became fed up with other audio grabbers , ref cite web url http www.audiomastermind.us 2006 03 10 exact audio copy title AudioMastermind Weblog archiveurl http web.archive.org web 20080626030539 http www.audiomastermind.us 2006 03 10 exact audio copy archivedate 2008 06 26 accessdate 2011 03 26 publisher audiomastermind.us ref and decided to develop his own. The main differences between EAC and most other audio grabbers It works with a new technology, reading audio CDs almost perfectly, even damaged or scratched CDs. fact date December 2011 It successfully reads all the disc, including the pregap which most other software normally ... number of queries. Exact Audio Copy is freeware , free for non commercial use, ref http www.exactaudiocopy.de ... Category Windows CD ripping software bg Exact Audio Copy de Exact Audio Copy fr Exact Audio Copy ko it Exact Audio Copy ja Exact Audio Copy pl Exact Audio Copy pt Exact Audio Copy ru Exact Audio Copy sv Exact Audio Copy uk Exact Audio Copy ... more details
In mathematics , a topological half exact functor F is a functor from a fixed topological category mathematics category for example CW complexes or pointed space s to an abelian category most frequently in applications, category of abelian groups or category of module mathematics modules over a fixed ring that has a following property for each sequence of the form X Y C f where C f denotes a mapping cone , a sequence F X F Y F C f is exact. Examples include functors of homology mathematics homology . algebra stub Category Homotopy theory Category Homological algebra ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 In mathematic s, an exact differential equation or total differential equation is a certain kind of ordinary differential equation which is widely used in physics and engineering . Definition Given a simply connected and open set open subset D of R sup 2 sup and two functions I and J which are continuous function continuous on D then an implicit differential equation implicit first order ordinary differential equation first order ordinary differential equation of the form math I x, y , mathrm d x J x, y , mathrm d y 0, , math is called exact differential equation if there exists a continuously differentiable function F , called the potential function , so that math frac partial F partial x x, y I math and math frac partial F partial y x, y J. math The nomenclature of exact differential equation refers to the Total derivative exact derivative of a function. For a function math F x 0, x 1,...,x n 1 ,x n math , the exact or total derivative with respect to math x 0 math is given by math frac mathrm d F mathrm d x 0 frac partial F partial x 0 sum i 1 n frac partial F partial x i frac mathrm d x i mathrm d x 0 . math Example The function math F x,y frac 1 2 x 2 y 2 math is a potential function for the differential equation math xx yy 0. , math Existence of potential functions In physical applications the functions I and J are usually not only continuous but even continuously differentiable . Symmetry of second derivatives Schwarz s Theorem then provides us with a Necessary and sufficient conditions necessary criterion for the existence of a potential function. For differential equations defined on simply connected sets the criterion is even sufficient ... . math Solutions to exact differential equations Given an exact differential equation defined on some ... , where c is a real number, we can then construct all solutions. See also Exact differential DEFAULTSORT Exact Differential Equation Category Ordinary differential equations bs Egzaktna diferencijalna ... more details
field corresponding to d . The simplest example of a form which is closed but not exact is the 1 ... 0 cong mathbf R , math meaning that any closed form math omega math is the sum of an exact form math ... The implication from exact to closed is then a consequence of the symmetry of second derivatives , with respect ... of a vector field corresponding to a closed or exact form. In 3 dimensions, an exact vector ... p form defined on X is exact, for any integer p 0 this has content only when p n . Contractibility ... closed forms is an exact form, they are said to be cohomologous to each other. That is, if and ... and are cohomologous to each other. Exact forms are sometimes said to be cohomologous to zero . The set ... a 0 form smooth function is exact, since d increases degree by 1 but the clues from topology suggest that only the zero function should be called exact . The cohomology classes are identified with locally ... S sup 1 sup , parametrized by t in 0, 1 , the closed 1 form dt is not exact. Application in electrodynamics ... more details
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