Infobox Disease Name Facial trauma Image Civil War facial wound.jpg Caption 1865 illustration of a private ... mult eMedicine2 plastic 482 eMedicine2 plastic 481 MeshID nothing found DEFINITION Facial trauma , also ... injury. cn Facial trauma can involve soft tissue injury soft tissue injuries such as burn s, laceration s and bruises , or bone fracture fracture s of the facial bone s such as nasal fracture s and fractures ... in the shape of facial structures. RX PROGNOSIS COMPLICATIONS Facial injuries have the potential to cause .... Although it is seldom life threatening, facial trauma can also be deadly, because it can cause ... is open and not threatened so that the patient can breathe. Depending on the type of facial ... brain injury , which commonly accompany facial trauma. EPIDEMIOLOGY, CAUSES, PREVENTION In developed countries, the leading cause of facial trauma used to be motor vehicle accidents , but this mechanism ... causes of facial trauma include falls, industrial accidents, and sports injuries. Classification class ... injury cold injuries . ref name Jordan06 Image Human skull front bones.svg left thumb The facial bones Commonly injured facial bones include the nasal bone the nose , the maxilla the bone that forms ... locations for facial fractures these are now known as LeFort fracture Le Fort I, II, and III fractures .... ref name Shah06 Le Fort III fractures, also called craniofacial disjunction and transverse facial ... Le Fort fracture . ref Le Fort fractures, which account for 10 20 of facial fractures, are often associated ... date 2006 publisher EMedicine ref Although most facial fractures do not follow the patterns ... are common causes of facial trauma in children ref name Neuman06 Neuman06b Neuman MI, Eriksson E 2006 ... Nahum AM, Melvin J chapter Skull and facial bone trauma title Accidental injury Biomechanics and prevention ... ?id Y4l5fopEI0EC&pg PA254&dq facial trauma accessdate 2008 10 08 ref Blunt assaults, blows from fists or objects, are a common cause of facial injury. ref name Shapiro01 ref name Moore032 ... more details
Image Kleenex small box.jpg thumb 200px A box of tissues Facial tissue and paper handkerchief refers to a class of soft, absorbent, disposable paper s that is suitable for use on the face . They are disposable alternatives for cloth handkerchief s. The terms are commonly used to refer to the type of tissue paper paper tissue , usually sold in boxes, that is designed to facilitate the expulsion of nasal mucus from the Human nose nose although it may refer to other types of facial tissues including napkins and wipes. Facial tissue is often referred to as a tissue , or by the genericized trademark Kleenex which popularized the invention and its use. Manufacture Facial tissue and paper handkerchiefs are made from the lowest basis weights tissue paper 14 18 g m sup 2 sup . The surface is often made smoother by light calender ing. These paper types consist usually of 2 3 plies. Because of high quality requirements the base tissue is normally made entirely from pure pulp paper chemical pulp , but might contain added selected recycled fibre. ref cite book last Paulapuro first Hannu title Paper and Board Grades publisher TAPPI location Atlanta year 2000 isbn 9789525216189 ref The tissue paper might be treated with softener s, lotion s or added perfume to get the right properties or feeling . The finished facial tissues or handkerchiefs are folded and put in pocket size packages or a box dispenser. History Facial tissue has been used for centuries in Japan, in the form of washi or Japanese tissue , as described in this 17th century European account of the voyage of Hasekura Tsunenaga They blow their noses in soft silky papers the size of a hand, which they never use twice, so that they throw ... voyage, qu ilz sont venus faire du deca.... ref In 1924 facial tissue as it is known today was first ... ref Kimberly Clark also introduced pop up, colored, printed, pocket, and 3 ply facial tissues. ref http www.kleenex.com NA FAQ.aspx H03 ref See also commons category Facial tissue Handkerchief Tissue ... more details
A facial cleft is an opening or gap in the face , or a malformation of a part of the face. Facial clefts ... be affected. Facial clefts are extremely rare congenital anomalies . There are many variations of a type of clefting and classifications are needed to describe and classify all types of clefting. Facial clefts hardy ever occur isolated most of the time there is an overlap of adjacent facial clefts ... 408 11 journal The Journal of craniofacial surgery ref TOC limit limit 3 Causes The cause of facial .... It s possible that a cleft is caused by multiple factors. It is possible that facial clefts ... Facial Clefts and Encephaloceles , Plast Reconstr Surg 2003 112 2 606 615, cite journal doi 10.1097 01.PRS.0000070971.95846.9C pmid 12900623 title Common Craniofacial Anomalies Facial Clefts ... and Reconstructive Surgery volume 112 issue 2 pages 606 616 ref Another theory is that facial clefts ... theory is that genetics play a part in the development of facial clefts. ref Fogh Andersen P, Genetic and Non Genetic Factors in the Etiology of Facial Clefts , Scand J of Plast Reconstr Surg 1981 1 ... of Facial Clefts year 1967 last1 Fogh Andersen first1 P. journal Scandinavian Journal of Plastic ... of facial clefts is amniotic bands. ref Mayou BJ, Oblique Facial Clefts Caused by Amniotic Bands ... last2 Fenton first2 OM title Oblique facial clefts caused by amniotic bands volume 68 issue 5 pages ... There are different classifications about facial clefts. Two of the most used classifications are the Tessier classification ref Tessier P, Anatomical Classification of Facial, Cranio Facial and Latero Facial Clefts , Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery 1976 4 69 92 cite journal doi 10.1016 S0301 0503 76 80013 6 pmid 820824 title Anatomical classification of facial, cranio facial and latero facial ... Van der Meulen, JCH et al title Facial Clefts journal World J. Surg. volume 13 pages 373 383 year ... Soft tissue clefts. In 1976 Paul Tessier published a classification on facial clefts based on the anatomical ... more details
Orphan date July 2011 Facial care is the maintenance of the face and its features such as the skin , lips and eyelashes so that it has an attractive, youthful appearance. ref citation url http books.google.com books?id eIhWjOTO7uAC title Beverly Hills Beauty Secrets author Douglas Hamilton, Babak Azizzadeh isbn 9780470294031 year 2009 ref References reflist Category Beauty ... more details
refimprove date October 2008 Infobox Film name Multi Facial caption image Multi Facial FilmPoster.jpeg director Vin Diesel producer Vin Diesel screenplay Vin Diesel starring Vin Diesel cinematography Ted Sappington released Film date 1999 DVD ref http www.rottentomatoes.com m multifacial ref runtime 20 minutes country Film US language English budget 4000 Multi Facial is a 1995 ref http www.imdb.com title tt0226168 ref short film directed, produced by and starring Vin Diesel . The story depicts the professional and emotional issues faced by Mike Diesel , a multiracial Italian people Italian and African American actor . The film was noticed by Film director director Steven Spielberg , who would cast Diesel in Saving Private Ryan 1998 . The film was released on DVD in 1999. Plot summary The film starts with a close shot of Mike Vin Diesel with a tattooed biceps delivering a profanity laced anecdote in an Italian accent. The monologue is about getting into a fight with another man in a restaurant for looking at his girlfriend. The anecdote ends with Mike saying that he discovered the man was a homosexual, so he beat up his girlfriend instead, and is surprised that she doesn t call him anymore. The camera shifts to reveal that Mike is at an audition for an Italian role. The casting director ... Multi Facial was written, produced, and directed by Vin Diesel. The twenty minute film is semi ... decided to produce a short film instead and wrote the script for Multi Facial in five days ... to standing room only crowds. In 1997, Spielberg saw Multi Facial and wrote a role into Saving Private ... External links imdb title id 0226168 title Multi Facial http www.allwatchers.com topics info 9534.asp Multi Facial Movie Review . allwatchers.com. imdb name id 0004874 name Vin Diesel tcmdb title id 530073 title Multi Facial rotten tomatoes id multifacial title multifacial Category 1995 films Category ... in 1995 Category Short films Category Independent films de Multi Facial fr Multi Facial ... more details
All plot date February 2011 File FacialJustice.jpg thumb right 1st edition publ. Hamish Hamilton Facial Justice is a dystopia dystopian novel by L. P. Hartley , published in 1960. The novel depicts a post apocalyptic society that has sought to banish privilege and envy, to the extent that people will even have their faces surgically altered in order to appear neither too beautiful nor too ugly. The novel was included in Anthony Burgess s Ninety nine Novels The Best in English Since 1939 A Personal Choice . Plot summary After a devastating nuclear war, the surviving people of earth have been forced to live in underground caverns, ruled by harsh dictatorships. In Britain an unseen leader inspires a large section of the populace to escape the caverns and forms a new dictatorship above ground. This new society is based on a collective sense of guilt at the events of the nuclear war. All subjects are named after famous murderers from history, and are obliged to wear sackcloth so as not to provoke envy with their appearance. The Dictator is never seen, but his voice is broadcast to his subjects regularly, instructing them on the laws and morals of his society. His rule is enforced by Inspectors, who have the power to fine people for minor infringements or report them to the higher ministries for further punishment. A young woman named Jael 97, who has been reported to the Ministry of Facial Justice for being facially over privileged and causing discontent among other women, approaches the Equalisation Faces Centre to have a synthetic Beta face fitted so that she will blend in with the community. At the urging of a friend, however, she decides to put this off. Her resultant guilt, along with subsequent events her forbidden delight at the idea of height during an excursion to the ruined ... included Facial Justice in his selection of best novels in the English language since 1939. Burgess ... s Floyd C. Gale, reviewing the novel for a genre audience, praised Facial Justice as learned, thoughtful ... more details
Infobox Vein Name Deep facial vein Latin vena profunda faciei GraySubject 167 GrayPage 645 Image Caption Image2 Caption2 DrainsFrom DrainsTo facial vein Artery MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre v 05 DorlandsSuf 12851476 The anterior facial vein receives a branch of considerable size, the deep facial vein , from the pterygoid venous plexus . External links http www.dartmouth.edu humananatomy figures chapter 47 47 5.HTM Gray s VeinsHeadNeck circulatory stub Category Veins of the head and neck ... more details
Infobox Vein Name Common facial vein Latin GraySubject 167 GrayPage 645 Image Gray557.png Caption Veins of the head and neck. Image2 Caption2 DrainsFrom Source facial vein DrainsTo jugular vein Artery MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre v 04 DorlandsSuf 12847750 The anterior facial vein usually unites with the posterior facial vein to form the common facial vein , which crosses the external carotid artery and enters the internal jugular vein at a variable point below the hyoid bone . From near its termination a communicating branch often runs down the anterior border of the Sternocleidomastoideus to join the lower part of the anterior jugular vein . The common facial vein is not present in all individuals. External links eMedicineDictionary Common facial vein NormanAnatomy lesson4 NormanAnatomyFig parotid2 Gray s VeinsHeadNeck circulatory stub Category Veins of the head and neck pt Veia facial comum ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Prominence of facial canal Latin prominentia canalis facialis GraySubject 230 GrayPage 1042 Image Gray911.png Caption View of the inner wall of the Eardrum tympanum . Facial canal visible in upper left promontory labeled at center. Image2 Gray913.png Caption2 Coronal section of right temporal bone . Prominence of the facial canal labeled at top, fourth from the left. System MeshName MeshNumber The prominence of the facial canal prominence of aqueduct of Fallopius indicates the position of the bony canal in which the facial nerve is contained this canal traverses the labyrinthic wall of the tympanic cavity above the fenestra vestibuli , and behind that opening curves nearly vertically downward along the mastoid wall . See also facial canal Gray s Auditory and vestibular anatomy Cranium Category Ear Musculoskeletal stub ... more details
Advert date January 2009 The Facial Expression Emotion Lab was founded by Armindo Freitas Magalh es in 2003 and is a unit of the College of Health Sciences at the Universidade Fernando Pessoa , Porto , Portugal . The mission of the lab is to create new scientific knowledge about the human emotion s and their forms of social expression. To this end, the lab has created IT applications and interfaces. External links http feelab.ufp.pt Official Website coord missing Portugal DEFAULTSORT Facial Emotion Expression Lab Category Facial expressions Category Research institutes in Portugal Category Laboratories ... more details
unreferenced date February 2008 orphan date January 2008 Facial Maschera is a fauvism painting by Henri Matisse . It was created in the year 1951 and is one of Matisse s best examples of his use of color and form. It is currently located in a private collection belonging to a distant relative of the artist. DEFAULTSORT Facial Maschera Red Category Paintings by Henri Matisse ... more details
One source article date April 2009 Context date October 2009 Infobox Nerve Name Stylohyoid branch of facial nerve Latin ramus stylohyoideus nervi facialis GraySubject 202 GrayPage 905 Image Gray788.png Caption Plan of the facial and intermediate nerves and their communication with other nerves. To stylohyoid labeled at bottom left. Image2 Caption2 Innervates BranchFrom facial nerve BranchTo MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre r 02 DorlandsSuf 12692090 The stylohyoid branch of facial nerve frequently arises in conjunction with the digastric branch it is long and slender, and enters the Stylohyoideus about its middle. External links http www.dartmouth.edu humananatomy figures chapter 47 47 5.HTM Gray s Cranial nerves Category Nervous system neuroscience stub hu Ramus stylohyoideus nervi facialis ... more details
Infobox Artery Name PAGENAME Latin ramus tonsillaris arteriae facialis GraySubject 144 GrayPage 555 Image Gray513.png Caption The internal carotid and vertebral arteries. Right side. Tonsillar labeled at center. Image2 Caption2 BranchFrom facial artery BranchTo Vein Supplies MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre r 02 DorlandsSuf 12692337 The tonsillar branch of the facial artery ascends between the Pterygoideus internus and Styloglossus , and then along the side of the pharynx , perforating the Constrictor pharyngis superior , to ramify in the substance of the palatine tonsil and root of the tongue . External links eMedicineDictionary tonsillar branch of the facial artery Gray s circulatory stub Arteries of head and neck Category Arteries of the head and neck pt Ramo tonsilar da art ria facial ... more details
Infobox Nerve Name PAGENAME Latin rami temporales nervi facialis GraySubject 202 GrayPage 905 Image Gray788.png Caption Plan of the facial and intermediate nerves and their communication with other nerves. Labeled at center bottom, sixth from bottom, as Temporal . Image2 Gray790.png Caption2 The nerves of the scalp, face, and side of neck. Temporal labeled at center, between eye and ear. Innervates BranchFrom facial nerve BranchTo MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre r 02 DorlandsSuf 12692272 The temporal branches of the facial nerve , also known as the frontal branch of the facial nerve , crosses the zygomatic arch to the temporal region, supplying the auriculares anterior and superior, and joining with the zygomaticotemporal branch of the Maxillary nerve maxillary , and with the auriculotemporal branch of the Mandibular nerve mandibular . The more anterior branches supply the frontalis , the orbicularis oculi , and corrugator supercilii , and join the supraorbital and lacrimal branches of the Ophthalmic nerve ophthalmic . The temporal branch acts as the efferent limb of the corneal reflex . Testing the temporal branches of the facial nerve To test the function of the temporal branches of the facial nerve, a patient is asked to frown and wrinkle his or her forehead. Additional images gallery Image Lateral head anatomy detail.jpg Lateral head anatomy detail gallery External links SUNYAnatomyLabs 23 06 01 06 Branches of Facial Nerve CN VII NormanAnatomy lesson4 NormanAnatomyFig parotid3 NormanAnatomy cranialnerves NormanAnatomyFig VII http www.dartmouth.edu humananatomy figures chapter 47 47 5.HTM Gray s neuroscience stub Cranial nerves Category Nervous system hu Ramus temporalis nervi facialis ... more details
Infobox Nerve Name Cervical branch of the facial nerve Latin ramus colli nervi facialis GraySubject 202 GrayPage 905 Image Gray788.png Caption Plan of the facial and intermediate nerves and their communication with other nerves. Labeled at center bottom, as Cervical . Image2 Gray790.png Caption2 The nerves of the scalp, face, and side of neck. Cervical labeled at center, in dark region under jaw. Innervates BranchFrom facial nerve BranchTo MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre r 02 DorlandsSuf 12689468 The cervical branch of the facial nerve runs forward beneath the Platysma , and forms a series of arches across the side of the neck over the suprahyoid region. One branch descends to join the cervical cutaneous nerve from the cervical plexus others supply the Platysma. Also supplies the depressor anguli oris ref name isbn0 7817 9164 2 cite book author Snell, Richard S. title Clinical anatomy by systems publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins location Hagerstwon, MD year 2007 pages isbn 0 7817 9164 2 oclc doi accessdate ref . Additional images gallery Image Lateral head anatomy detail.jpg Lateral head anatomy detail gallery External links reflist SUNYAnatomyLabs 23 06 01 02 Branches of Facial Nerve CN VII NormanAnatomy lesson4 NormanAnatomyFig parotid3 NormanAnatomy cranialnerves NormanAnatomyFig VII http www.dartmouth.edu humananatomy figures chapter 47 47 5.HTM Gray s Cranial nerves DEFAULTSORT Cervical Branch Of The Facial Nerve Category Nervous system neuroscience stub hu Ramus colli nervi facialis ... more details
Infobox Artery Name Transverse facial artery Latin arteria transversa faciei GraySubject 144 GrayPage 558 Image Gray515.png Caption Bloodvessels of the eyelids, front view. 1, supraorbital artery and supraorbital vein 2, nasal artery 3, angular artery , the terminal branch of 4, the facial artery 5, suborbital artery 6, anterior branch of the superficial temporal artery 6 , malar branch of the transverse artery of the face 7, lacrimal artery 8, superior palpebral artery with 8 , its external arch 9, anastomoses of the superior palpebral with the superficial temporal and lacrimal 10, inferior palpebral artery 11, facial vein 12, angular vein 13, branch of the superficial temporal vein . Image2 Gray508.png Caption2 The arteries of the face and scalp. Transv. facial labeled at center, to right of ear. BranchFrom Superficial temporal artery Superficial temporal BranchTo Vein Supplies parotid gland BR parotid duct BR masseter muscle MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf The transverse facial artery is an artery that branches from the superficial temporal artery and runs across the face. Course The transverse facial artery is given off from the superficial temporal artery before that vessel leaves the parotid gland running forward through the substance of the gland, it passes transversely across the side of the face, between the parotid duct and the lower border of the zygomatic ... muscle , and the integument, and anastomose with the facial artery , the masseteric artery , the buccinator ... by one or two branches of the facial nerve . See also Facial artery Additional images gallery ... arteries. gallery External links SUNYAnatomyLabs 23 05 01 01 The Transverse Facial Artery and Vein eMedicineDictionary Transverse facial artery NormanAnatomy lesson4 NormanAnatomyFig parotid4 , NormanAnatomyFig infratempfossaart Gray s Arteries of head and neck DEFAULTSORT Transverse Facial ... transversal de la cara ja nds Arteria transversa faciei pt Art ria facial transversa ... more details
Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery is a semi monthly professional medical journal published in the United States by the American Medical Association and publishes original, peer reviewed articles addressing all aspects of reconstructive and cosmetic surgery of the head and neck. External links http archfaci.ama assn.org Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery http jama.ama assn.org JAMA Journal of the American Medical Association website http www.ama assn.org American Medical Association med journal stub Category Surgery journals ... more details
Granulomatous facial dermatitis is found in patients with persistent facial erythema involving one or more convex surfaces of the face, with lesions that show granulomatous reaction histologically. ref name Andrews James, William Berger, Timothy Elston, Dirk 2005 . Andrews Diseases of the Skin Clinical Dermatology . 10th ed. . Saunders. Page 249. ISBN 0 7216 2921 0. ref See also List of cutaneous conditions References reflist Category Acneiform eruptions Cutaneous condition stub ... more details
Infobox Lymph Name Facial lymph nodes Latin nodi lymphoidei faciales GraySubject 177 GrayPage 694 Image Gray604.png Caption The lymphatics of the face. Image2 illu lymph chain01.jpg Caption2 Facial Lymph Nodes DrainsFrom Source DrainsTo MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre n 09 DorlandsSuf 12576440 The facial lymph nodes comprise three groups a wiktionary infraorbital infraorbital or maxilla ry, scattered over the infraorbital region from the groove between the nose and cheek to the zygomatic arch b buccinator , one or more placed on the Buccinator opposite the angle of the mouth c supramandibular , on the outer surface of the mandible, in front of the Masseter and in contact with the external maxillary artery and anterior facial vein. Their afferent vessels drain the eyelids, the conjunctiva, and the skin and mucous membrane of the nose and cheek their efferents pass to the submaxillary glands. Gray s Lymphatics of head and neck Category Lymphatics of the head and neck lymphatic stub de Gesichtslymphknoten ... more details
unref date October 2011 Infobox disease Name Atypical Facial Pain ICD9 ICD9 350.2 OMIM OMIM mult MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic DiseasesDB MeshID Atypical Facial Pain AFP has historically been regarded as a pathological condition, including a wide group of facial pain problems. Generally, this pain is neuropathic in presentation, consisting of burning, superficial or deep aching, stabbing pain . AFP may also be described as poorly localized, typically involving the nose , eye , cheek , temple , and jaw . Some practitioners have assigned this diagnostic label to any condition of facial pain in which pain simultaneously crosses the mid line of the face, or otherwise fails to fit recognized patterns of other identified facial pain syndromes. Predominant age 30 to 60 years and predominant sex is female . Some sources have assigned or categorized Atypical Facial Pain as a psycho somatic manifestation of so called Somatiform Symptom Disorder , as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association. However, this categorization is increasingly being seen as inappropriate and actively damaging to patients. In a recent publication of the Trigeminal Neuralgia Association TNA , Dr. Peter Jannetta and eleven other serving members of the TNA Medical Advisory Board concurred in the following finding The term atypical facial neuralgia or pain was a wastebasket term applied by a serious contributor of a former era to a group of patients he did not understand. Many of these patients were our trigeminal neuralgia type 2 patients. It is unfortunate ... atypical facial pain in the Burchiel classification. Ref 1 Signs and Symptoms Patient often reports ... tests which consistently discriminate between facial pain syndromes or differentiate Atypical Facial ..., MD. Facial Pain experts establish a new pain classification. TNA, the Facial Pain Association, November 2011, http www.fpa support.org 2011 10 facial pain experts establish a new pain classification ... more details
Name Central facial palsy Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 G 51 g 50 ICD9 ICD9 351 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Central facial palsy , colloquially referred to as central ... side of the face . It usually results from damage to upper motor neuron s of the facial nerve . The facial ... tract between the cerebral cortex and the facial motor nucleus destroy or reduce input to the ventral ..., central facial palsy is characterized by hemiparalysis or hemiparesis of the contralateral muscles of facial expression , but not the muscles of the forehead Signs and symptoms Central facial ... by a stroke . This condition is often the result of damage of the upper motor neurons of the facial nerve . The facial motor nucleus contains ventral and dorsal areas that have lower motor neurons that supply the upper and lower face muscles. When central facial palsy occurs, there are lesion s in the corticobulbar tract between the cerebral cortex . Because of these lesions, the facial motor nucleus ... N, Ertekin C, Ozdemirkiran T, et al. title Corticonuclear innervation to facial muscles in normal controls and in patients with central facial paresis journal J. Neurol. volume 252 issue 4 pages 429 ... region is preserved. Central facial palsy is often characterized by either hemiparalysis or hemiparesis of the contra lateral muscle s in facial expression. ref name vanGelder cite journal author van Gelder RS, Philippart SMM, Hopkins B title Treatment of Facial Paralysis of Cns Origin Initial Studies ... expression will often remain intact. ref name vanGelder Central Facial palsy occurs in patients who are hemiplegic . Such patients not only have dysfunctions in the facial expression but also a difficulty ... impaired. ref name vanGelder Central facial paralysis palsy often has similar characteristics with stroke ... in the frontalis and upper orbicularis oculi are often spared. ref name Meyer Facial movement ... system motor pathway from the cerebral cortex to the facial nuclei is found in the pons. This will lead ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Infobox Brain Name Facial motor nucleus Latin Nucleus nervi facialis GraySubject GrayPage Image Gray788.png Caption Plan of the facial and intermediate nerves and their communication with other nerves. Nucleus of Facial N. labeled at upper left. Image2 Brain stem sagittal ... Anterior medullary Acronym BrainInfoType hier BrainInfoNumber 581 MeshName MeshNumber NeuroLex Facial motor nucleus NeuroLexID birnlex 903 DorlandsPre n 11 DorlandsSuf 12581950 The facial motor nucleus is a collection of neuron s in the brainstem that belong to the facial nerve cranial nerve VII . These lower motor neuron s innervate the muscles of facial expression and the stapedius . Anatomy ... component of the facial nerve , with parasympathetic nervous system parasympathetic and sensory ... from pharyngeal arch es, the facial motor nucleus is considered part of the special visceral efferent ... the spinal accessory nucleus . Cortical input Like all lower motor neurons, cells of the facial ... on neurons in the facial motor nucleus. This pathway from the cortex to the brainstem is called the corticobulbar tract . Interestingly, the neurons in the dorsal aspect of the facial motor nucleus ... of lesions As a result of the corticobulbar input to the facial motor nucleus, an upper motor neuron lesion to fibers innervating the facial motor nucleus results in central seven . The syndrome is characterized ..., a lower motor neuron lesion to the facial motor nucleus results in Acute facial nerve paralysis paralysis of facial muscles on the same side of the injury. If a cause, such as trauma or infection ... s palsy . Otherwise it is described by its cause. MECHANISM of Facial Nerve Upper vs Lower Motor Neuron ... and cervical is known as a lower motor neuron lesion. Branches of the facial nerve leaving the facial ... ventral routes. In other words, this means lower motor neurons of the facial nerve can leave either from the left anterior, left posterior, right anterior or right posterior facial motor nucleus. The temporal ... more details
Infobox disease Name Facial nerve paralysis Image Cranial nerve VII.svg Caption Facial nerve DiseasesDB ... MeshID D005158 Facial nerve paralysis is a common problem that involves the paralysis of any structures innervated by the facial nerve . The pathway of the facial nerve is long and relatively convoluted, and so there are a number of causes that may result in facial nerve paralysis. ref name urlFacial Nerve cite web url http neuromuscular.wustl.edu nanatomy vii.htm title Facial Nerve work accessdate .... Image Paralisis facialMOCHE.jpg thumb right 175px Moche Culture Representation of Facial ... determine if the lesion is in the upper motor neuron component of the facial nerve, or in its lower motor neuron component. If the mimetic muscles do not contract anymore, facial nerve surgery is indicated ... resonance imaging MRI . Causes Supranuclear and nuclear lesions Central facial palsy can be caused by a lacunar infarct affecting fibers in the internal capsule going to the nucleus. The facial nucleus ... Bell s palsy is the most common cause of acute facial nerve paralysis 80 . Previously considered idiopathic .... J Pak Med Assoc. 2009 Dec 59 12 823 5. PubMed PMID 20201172. ref Another more severe form of facial palsy, called Ramsay Hunt syndrome, is linked to herpes zoster infection of the facial nerve. Other .... Trauma Physical trauma , especially fracture s of the temporal bone , may also cause acute facial nerve paralysis. Understandably, the likelihood of facial paralysis after trauma depends on the location of the trauma. Most commonly, facial paralysis follows temporal bone fractures, though the likelihood ... likelihood of facial paralysis 40 50 . Patients may also present with hemotympanum blood behind ... conduction, the nerve should be decompressed. The facial paralysis can follow immediately the trauma due to direct damage to the facial nerve, in such cases a surgical treatment may be attempted. In other cases the facial paralysis can occur a long time after the trauma due to oedema and inflammation ... more details
Infobox Nerve Name PAGENAME Latin rami zygomatici nervi facialis GraySubject 202 GrayPage 905 Image Gray788.png Caption Plan of the facial and intermediate nerves and their communication with other nerves. Labeled at center bottom, fifth from bottom, as Malar . Image2 Ramizygomaticinervifacialis.png Caption2 The nerves of the scalp, face, and side of neck. Zygomatic labeled at center, near cheek. Innervates BranchFrom facial nerve BranchTo MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre r 02 DorlandsSuf 12692551 The Zygomatic branches of the facial nerve malar branches run across the zygomatic bone to the lateral angle of the orbit , where they supply the Orbicularis oculi , and join with filaments from the lacrimal nerve and the zygomaticofacial branch of the maxillary nerve . Testing To test the zygomatic branches of the facial nerve, a patient is asked to close their eyes tightly. See also Zygomatic nerve Additional images gallery Image Lateral head anatomy detail.jpg Lateral head anatomy detail gallery External links SUNYAnatomyLabs 23 06 01 05 Branches of Facial Nerve CN VII NormanAnatomy lesson4 NormanAnatomyFig parotid3 NormanAnatomy cranialnerves NormanAnatomyFig VII http www.dartmouth.edu humananatomy figures chapter 47 47 5.HTM Gray s Cranial nerves Category Nervous system neuroscience stub hu Ramus zygomatici nervi facialis ... more details
morefootnotes date March 2011 The facial feedback hypothesis states that facial movement can influence ... evidence was available. The facial feedback hypothesis, that skeletal muscle feedback from facial ... ref modern research mainly focuses on the effects of facial muscular activity. One of the first to do ... visceral organs are capable . ref Aldemann & Zajonc, 1989, p255 ref Two versions of the facial feedback ... alteration of the emotional response was shown to have occurred. The strong version implies that facial ... , ref Browndyke 2002, p3 ref the strongest evidence for the facial feedback hypothesis to date comes ... between facial activity and corresponding emotion is not implicit in the procedure. Methodological issues Originally, the facial feedback hypothesis studied the enhancing or suppressing effect of facial ... story measuring muscular facial activity with electrodes to induce particular facial muscles contraction ... , which Laird 1974 thought was at the root of the facial feedback phenomenon. Perceiving physiological ... of the facial muscles did not cause so much exertion and fatigue that those, partially or wholly ... a clear assessment of the theory that a purely physical facial change, involving only certain facial muscles, can result in an emotion, Strack, Martin, & Stepper 1988 devised a cover story that would ensure the participants adopt the desired facial posing without being able to perceive either ... without arising suspicion, cognitive interpretation of the facial action, ref Strack, Martin ... issues associated with the facial feedback hypothesis. Darwin s theory can be demonstrated ... of facial activity on emotions. Studies using botulinum toxin Botox Image Musculuscorrugatorsupercilii.png right thumb Corrugator supercilii muscle Because facial expressions involve both ... to facial feedback are due solely to feedback mechanisms, or feed forward mechanisms, or some combination of both. Recently, strong experimental support for a facial feedback mechanism is provided ... more details
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