A fatpad is a mass of closely packed fat cell s surrounded by fibrous tissue septa. ref name mosby http medical dictionary.thefreedictionary.com fatpad TheFreeDictionary Fatpad Citing Mosby s Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. 2009 ref They may be extensively supplied with capillaries and nerve endings. ref name mosby Examples are Intraarticular fat pads . These are also covered by a layer of synovial cells. ref name mosby A fatpad sign is an elevation of the anterior and posterior fat pads of the elbow joint, and suggests the presence of an occult fracture. Buccal fatpad . It can be seen in nursing babies. ref name mosby References reflist Category Human cells medicine stub ... more details
File Fettpolsterzeichen pathologisch Ellenbogen.png thumb Fatpad sign Ventral fatpad bowed and dorsal fatpad visible in a case of an undisplaced fracture of the radius head which is not visible directly. Image AnteriorFatPad.PNG thumb A normal anterior fatpad in a non fractured arm. The fatpad sign is a sign that is sometimes seen on lateral radiograph s of the elbow following Physical trauma trauma . Elevation of the anterior and posterior fat pads of the elbow joint suggests the presence of an occult fracture. The fatpad sign is invaluable in assessing for the presence of an intra articular fracture of the elbow. An anterior fatpad is often normal. However a posterior fatpad seen on a lateral x ray of the elbow is always abnormal. The patient will be unable to flex their elbow and requires orthopaedic input. ref http radiology.rsnajnls.org cgi content full 222 2 419 ref References Reflist DEFAULTSORT FatPad Sign Category Radiologic signs med sign stub de Fettpolsterzeichen ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Infrapatellar fatpad Latin corpus adiposum infrapatellare GraySubject GrayPage Image Caption Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber The infrapatellar fatpad , also known as Hoffa s fatpad , is a cylindrical piece of fat that is situated under and behind the patella bone within the knee . Potential Problems The fatpad is a normal structure but it can sometimes become a problem It can become damaged and painful br It can be deliberately removed at arthroscopic surgery to make it easier for the surgeon to see what they are doing but this can also lead to scarring and pain. br It can get very big hypertrophy and may become nipped impingement between the patella and the femoral condyle, causing sharp pain when the leg is extended. br It can become involved in the process of arthrofibrosis and become scarred fibrotic and contracted, pulling the patella down into an abnormally low position. Sources http www.kneeguru.co.uk KNEEnotes node 1060 The KNEEguru educational site packed with knee content with sections on the infrapatellar fatpad Joints of lower limbs Category Joints anatomy stub de Hoffa Fettk rper es Enfermedad de Hoffa ... more details
fat.JPG Caption Extracted buccal fat Image2 Buccal Fat Diagram.jpg Caption2 Buccal Fat Diagram Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber The buccal fatpad also called Bichat s fatpad is one of several encapsulated fat masses in the cheek. It is a deep fatpad located on either ... YP first3 KM first4 JQ first5 ZF title Anatomical structure of the buccal fatpad and its clinical ... with the malar fatpad, which is directly below the skin of the cheek. ref name Rohrich cite journal pmid 17519724 year 2007 author1 Rohrich first2 JE title The fat compartments of the face ... Rohrich ref Nomenclature and Structure The Buccal fatpad is composed of several parts, although exactly ... the body of the Buccal fatpad the sublevator, the melolabial, the Buccal, and the pterygoid. The nomenclature ... fatpad runs from the infraorbital fissure and temporal muscle to the upper rim of the mandible ... fatpad s primary function in relation to chewing and suckling, especially in infants. This theory ... pads that facilitate the action of the muscles of mastication. ref name Zhang The Buccal fatpad may ... fatpad is commonly used in facial recontouring. Several authors discuss the importance of the Buccal fatpad in attaining good results from a rhytidectomy facelift . ref name Rohrich ref name Rohrich2 ... Erenchun last3 Rengifo ref Buccal flaps not always including the Buccal fatpad are used in reconstruction ... author1 Holton Lh first2 ED first3 RP first4 N first5 AP first6 MP title The buccal fatpad flap for periorbital ... cite journal pmid 338848 year 1977 author1 Egyedi title Utilization of the buccal fatpad for closure ... of the buccal fatpad flap for congenital cleft palate repair volume 123 issue 3 pages 1018 21 doi 10.1097 ... Buccal fat extraction Removal of the Buccal fatpad is also sometimes used to reduce cheek prominence ... Hwang first2 HJ first3 D first4 IH first5 SH title Interrelated buccal fatpad with facial buccal branches ... ref It should also not be confused with jowl fat pads. It is implicated in the formation of hollow ... more details
wiktionary padPADPad or PAD may refer to Writing pad disambiguation , a book of paper, or an electronic equivalent Sanitary pad , a device worn by a woman during menstruation Pad music , a type of synthesized sound Part of a mammal s paw TOCright Transportation Launch pad , an area where spacecraft lifts off Helicopter landing pad London Paddington station , station code PAD Paderborn Lippstadt Airport , IATA code PAD Sports gear Pads , specialized equipment used in baseball, cricket, and hockey Elbow pads Knee pads Shoulder pads Computing and electronics Touchpad ThinkPad , a laptop brand first designed and produced by IBM, but now owned by Lenovo iPad , a tablet computer from Apple Inc. Graphics pad , a computer input device Control pad , a type of game controller Trigger pad , an electronic sensor on a drum Packet Assembler Disassembler , a communications device Portable Application Description , a document format PAD, a control character in the C0 and C1 control codes C1 control code set Components of an attenuator electronics attenuator , an electronic device Contact pad s, designated surface areas for electrical contacts Pulsed Amperometric Detection Other uses PAD emotional state model , psychological model based on Pleasure, Arousal and Dominance People s Alliance for Democracy , a Thailand political group People s Action for Development , an Indian NGO Peripheral artery disease Peter Allen David , American writer Phi Alpha Delta , a fraternity Poker After Dark , a television series Pre Authorized Debit Pre Operative Autologous Donation , when a patient s own blood is taken for possible use during surgery Prithvi Air Defence , a missile Program associated data , a type of broadcast information Punjab Archaeology Department P d , the Hungarian language Hungarian ... hum Drill floor , also called a drilling pad or just a pad. See also Padding Disambiguation cs P d de Pad fr Pad ko it PAD ja pl Pad ru PAD sk P d fi PAD th PAD zh yue Pad ... more details
File Attenuator, T section.svg thumb 300px Figure 1. Schematic circuit of a T pad attenuator. The T pad is a specific type of attenuator electronics attenuator circuit in electronics whereby the topology electronics topology of the circuit is formed in the shape of the letter T . Attenuators are used in electronics to reduce the level of a signal. They are also referred to as pads due to their effect of padding down a signal by analogy with acoustics. Attenuators have a flat frequency response attenuating all frequencies equally in the band they are intended to operate. The attenuator has the opposite task of an amplifier . The topology of an attenuator circuit will usually follow one of the Topology electronics Simple filter topologies simple filter sections . However, there is no need for more complex circuitry, as there is with Electronic filter filters , due to the simplicity of the frequency response required. Circuits are required to be balanced circuit balanced or unbalanced depending on the geometry of the transmission line s they are to be used with. For radio frequency applications, the format is often unbalanced, such as coaxial cable coaxial . For audio and telecommunications, balanced circuits are usually required, such as with the twisted pair format. The T pad is intrinsically an unbalanced circuit. However, it can be converted to a balanced circuit by placing half the series resistances in the return path. Such a circuit is called an H section, or else an I section because the circuit is formed in the shape of a serifed letter I . Terminology An attenuator is a form ... thumb Figure 3. A T pad attenuator formed from two symmetrical L sections. Because of the symmetry ... in nepers. A T pad can be viewed as being two L sections back to back as shown in figure 3. Most ... sub 0 sub and a symmetrical T pad is used. In this case, the impedance matching terms inside the square ... math R 2 frac Z 0 2 R 1 2 2R 1 math See also pad L pad References Matthaei, Young, Jones, Microwave ... more details
for people known as the Fat List of people known as the Fat Infobox television show name The Fat image hi boy staff caption show name 2 genre Talk show creator director creative director developer presenter Tony Squires br Rebecca Wilson br Peter Wilkins starring voices narrated theme music composer opentheme endtheme composer country AUS language English language English num seasons 4 num episodes list episodes executive producer co exec producer supervising producer asst producer co producer editor story editor location cinematography camera runtime network ABC Television ABC TV picture format audio format first run first aired 6 March 2000 last aired 18 November 2003 preceded by followed by 110 Tony Squires 2004 related website http www.abc.net.au thefat production website The Fat was an Australia n sports based talk show television series, broadcast and produced by ABC Television ABC TV .The series began on 6 March 2000, and ended on 18 November 2003. Host Tony Squires , with regulars Peter Wilkins and Rebecca Wilson ran through the week s sporting news, showing the lighter side of things. One particular highlight of each episode was Sam Kekovich Slammin Sam Kekovich s deadpan analysis of all things Australian. Regulars guests included Dr Turf John Rothfield , Kerry O Keeffe , Wil Anderson , Jason Akermanis and Liz Ellis . Initially the show consisted of a 30 minute Monday night wrap of the weekend s sports. After gaining popularity, 2002 saw the show extended to a one hour timeslot still on a Monday night. In 2003 the format, scheduling and length of the show was altered, with a one and half hour show being shown on Friday night. Criticisms arose of the new format, which saw the show turn away from only sports topics and into a variety show. The Friday night scheduling ... Seven Network Seven , to present what was essentially a carbon copy of The Fat, the short lived 110 ... title 0343260 The Fat tv.com 28416 The Fat DEFAULTSORT Fat, The Category Australian television comedy ... more details
About the type of nutrient in food fat in humans and animals Adipose tissue other uses Fat disambiguation ... can be categorized into saturated fat s and unsaturated fat s. Unsaturated fats can be further divided into cis fat s, which are the most common in nature, and trans fat s, which are rare in nature ... have ester Chemical bond bonds . The properties of any specific fat molecule depend on the particular ... metabolized. Saturated and unsaturated fats main fatty acid A fat s constituent fatty acids may also ... sub 2 sub H, the resulting fat is called Saturated Fat saturated . Values of n usually range from ... fats commonly called trans fat s are commercially produced. Trans fatty acids are rare in nature. The cis ... of fats with saturated chains. This decreases intermolecular forces between the fat molecules ... organisms Vitamin s Vitamin A A , Vitamin D D , Vitamin E E , and Vitamin K K are fat soluble ... about 37.8 kilo kilo joule s 9 calorie s per gram of fat. ref Stern, David P. May 19, 2008 . http www ... acid s. The glycerol can be converted to glucose by the liver and thus used as a source of energy. Fat ... or at least maintain equilibrium of&mdash the offending substances by storing it in new fat tissue ... , sebum excretion, and hair growth. While it is nearly impossible to remove fat completely ... conditions, adipocytes store fat derived from the diet and liver metabolism or degrade stored fat to supply fatty acids and glycerol to the circulatory system circulation . These metabolic activities ... determines its metabolic profile visceral fat is located within the abdominal wall i.e., beneath the wall of abdominal muscle whereas subcutaneous fat is located beneath the skin and includes fat that is located in the abdominal area beneath the skin but above the abdominal muscle wall . Visceral fat was recently discovered to be a significant producer of signaling chemicals i.e., hormone .... See also Cookbook Oil and fat wiktionary Fat width 50 Animal fat Brown fat Carbohydrate Dieting Human ... more details
Wiktionary crashpad Crash pad may also refer to Bouldering mat , Crash pad, a small foam pad used for protection when bouldering Punk house , Crash pad, a type of squat popularised by the hippie and punk subcultures A crashpad is a location used by airline flight crews for temporary lodging. The Crash Pad is an Uncommon hostel founded in Chattanooga, TN in 2011. disambig ... more details
Pad cratering is a mechanically induced fracture in the resin between copper foil and outermost layer of fiberglass of a printed circuit board . May be within the resin or at the resin to glass interface. The pad remains connected to the component usually a Ball Grid Array , BGA and leaves a crater on the surface of the printed circuit board PCB . IPC T 50, Revision H, Terms and Definitions for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits, 96.2176 Pad Cratering. A separation of the pad from the printed board resin weave composite or within the composite immediately adjacent to the pad as a result of mechanical and or thermal stress. gallery File Pad Cratering 04.jpg BGA pad and solder ball exhibiting Pad Cratering. File Pad Cratering 02.jpg Magnified view of cross section of BGA pad and solder ball. Dielectric has cracked and starting the pad to lift. Eventually creating pad cratering. File Pad Cratering 03.jpg Crater left on printed circuit board after copper pad from BGA connection has been pulled away. gallery External links Additional information on pad cratering in printed circuit boards can be found in the following links http www.smtnet.com Forums index.cfm?fuseaction view thread&Thread ID 13953 http www.pcb007.com pages zone.cgi?a 51651& pf 1 http knol.google.com k rocky hilburn pad cratering in printed circuit boards tsdgpflq7la1 1 http www.ipc.org de ContentPage.aspx?pageid IPC ehrt Best Papers an der IPC APEX EXPO http integral hdi.com Integral Technology http integral hdi.com news 2010 11 next generation electronic materials Integral Technology pad cratering blog. Category Electronics manufacturing ... more details
Other uses Unreferenced date December 2009 Thermal pads or ground pads are thin, lightweight pads that are common among hiking hikers , Backpacking wilderness backpacker s and budget travelers. In its simplest form a thermal pad consists of a foam like material that is about half a centimetre thick about a quarter of an inch . The dimensions of the pad are usually about the same length as a sleeping bag and a little wider. Slight variations in design can be found, such as rippling in the foam, but these do not significantly affect the pad s thermal properties. A common misconception is that thermal pads are for creating a more comfortable sleeping or picnic spot. This is what gives rise to their other name ground pads . In fact, the purpose of the thermal pad is to prevent the loss of body heat into the ground while sleeping. The foam pad, which is filled with air bubbles, slows down the heat conduction conduction of heat through the pad since air is one of the best and cheapest thermal insulation insulator s. DEFAULTSORT Thermal Pad Category Insulators ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2006 A pad site is a freestanding parcel of commerce commercial real estate located in the front of a larger shopping center or strip mall . Desirable because of their visibility to consumers, accessibility, and the ease of facilitating drive thru service, pad sites are typically sought after by bank s, casual dining , and fast food restaurants. Pad sites usually range between 2,000 and Convert 75000 sqft m2 . They can be ground leased by developers or purchased outright. The former offers a lower up front cost, but the user is unable to use the land as collateral finance collateral to finance building expenses because pad sites do not have their own legal address. The latter requires a larger capital investment , but provides the user an appreciable asset in real estate. DEFAULTSORT Pad Site Category Real estate ... more details
UML Pad is a Computer aided software engineering CASE tool for Unified Modeling Language UML diagram design. UML Pad is free software licenced under the GNU General Public License GPL . See also List of UML tools External links http web.tiscali.it ggbhome umlpad umlpad.htm UML Pad website Category Free UML tools Category Software that uses wxWidgets uml stub ... more details
A recoil pad is a piece of rubber, foam, leather or other soft material usually attached to the buttstock of a rifle . Recoil pads may also be worn around the shoulder with straps, placing the soft material between the buttstock and shoulder of the person firing the rifle. The purpose of this device is to provide additional padding between the typically hard buttstock surface and the user s shoulder, to reduce the amount of felt recoil of the firearm. gallery Image Recoil Pad Remington 870.jpg Remington 870 shotgun equipped with a recoil pad gallery Category Firearm components ... more details
merge to Stitch textile arts date January 2012 Wikify date December 2010 unreferenced date July 2008 Pad stitches are a type of running stitch made by placing small stitches perpendicular to the line of stitching. Pad stitches secure two or more layers of fabric together and give the layers more firmness smaller and denser stitches create more firmness. They may also be used to enforce an overall curvature of the layers. Usage Tailors pad stitch a jacket s lapel and undercollar to give them additional firmness, and maintain their curvature. The line of stitching usually runs parallel to the direction of the most important curve of the layers. For example, pad stitches in a suit s lapel run parallel to the lapel s roll line pad stitches in the under collar of a tailored jacket run parallel to the collar s back edge. sewing DEFAULTSORT Pad Stitch Category Sewing stitches textile arts stub ... more details
Infobox synthesizer image KAOSS PAD.JPG image caption Korg Kaoss Pad KP3 synth name Kaoss Pad synth manufacturer ... lfo Yes keyboard none XY pad portamento velocity no aftertouch no memory 2 memory banks ext control none fx 128 dates 1999 price 300 The Kaoss Pad is a touchpad MIDI controller, sampler musical instrument ... . The Kaoss Pad s touchpad can be used to control its internal effects engine, which can be applied ... , auto panning, gating, phaser effect phasing , and ring modulation . The Kaoss Pad can also be used as a MIDI controller , with the x and y axis positions of a finger on its pad being output ... Kaoss Pad . Korg has since released updated versions of the Kaoss Pad the KP2 , with a number of new features the KPE1 Kaoss Pad Entrancer , a Kaoss pad that can process both sound and video ... of the Kaoss Pad, entitled the mini KP . This new Kaoss Pad was based on the KP3, using many of the same ... KP does not have MIDI output, and its touchpad does not have a display. Korg unveiled a new Kaoss Pad, the Kaoss Pad Quad, during Winter NAMM 2011. It is able to process four effects at once, though it does ... Pad s built into some of his guitars which he uses as midi controllers to control a KP2 while playing guitar. Jonny Greenwood of Radiohead uses a Kaoss Pad on live performances of Everything In Its .... Beardyman uses the Kaoss Pad extensively his live performances consist of nothing but his voice, sampled ... of Power Metal band DragonForce uses a Kaoss Pad during live performances. Nels Cline of Wilco uses a Kaoss Pad during live performances. Gibby Haynes of Butthole Surfers uses a KP3 during live performances. Antye Greie uses a Kaoss Pad for most of her live sets. Sarah Barthel and Josh Carter of Phantogram band Phantogram use a Kaoss Pad each, during live performances. Brian Weitz of Animal Collective uses a Kaoss Pad during live performances. Jochen Arbeit of Einst rzende Neubauten uses a Kaoss Pad during live performances. Russel Lissack of Bloc Party uses a KP3 during live performances Letter ... more details
Multiple issues confusing September 2008 orphan February 2009 unreferenced September 2008 A desk pad or blotter is a Table furniture table protector used when table work such as painting or eating damages the table. Different desk pads have specific uses for example, Chinese calligraphy uses a black velour desk pad since Chinese calligraphy is written using an ink brush. Westerners use simpler Writing pad s, while less expensive carton desk pads are used as promotional items, providing a calendar that comes with promotional information. A desk pad is typically a paper based product used for writing, note taking and scribbling. Typically a desk pad is either A3 in size 420 x 297mm or A2 in size 594 x 420mm . Desk pads are very popular promotional products, usually branded with a logo, contact information and product or service information. Many also include a calendar. Desk pads are usually glued at the foot bottom of the pad to prevent the paper from curling. Many are glued to a grey backboard. They can contain anything from 10 to 100 sheets although 50 sheets is standard. See also Writing pad Category Tables furniture de Schreibunterlage ... more details
Information appliance title Zune Pad image file Zune80and4.jpg 250px caption The Zune Pad as seen on the newer Zune models The Zune Pad , which is a squircle , is the primary control wikt mechanism mechanism for Zune 4, 8, 16 Zune 4 , Zune 4, 8, 16 8 , Zune 4, 8, 16 16 , Zune 80 80 and Zune 120 120 . The pad lets users scroll through a long list of song s with a few flicks of the finger , then press the button to select song track s or change the volume . It was designed by Microsoft for the release of the second generation Zune. Description and operation The Zune Pad is about 24 mm in diameter and resembles a square like figure. It comprises a touch sensitive button with simulated up, down, left, right and center navigational button response. It combines this touch interface with standard 5 way D pad functionality. The Pad is capable of detecting movements in all directions. The user can press the top, bottom, left, right and center of the pad inward to navigate through lists or select an item or use the touch interface to move up, down, left and right. Selection is always done with a center click. The user can touch and slide to move up or down on the screen. The motion of the select box on the screen is viewport controlled where moving the finger up moves the view of the content up. This is unlike direct content manipulation interfaces, where moving the finger up moves the content up, equivalent to moving the viewport down the list. The Zune Pad allows the user to coast after ... Pad will cause the coasting to stop. It also allows the user to slide left and right to move ... function which can be performed only with the touch functions the D pad functionality is always sufficient. How it works The Zune Pad is a Touchscreen Capacitive capacitive touchpad and therefore detection is dependent upon using a finger. Directional pad functions are simulate d by determining ... speed, but can choose to turn it off and use the button as a standard directional pad instead ... more details
File Pad Thai.JPG thumb Pad Thai in Bangkok File Thaiexp2.JPG thumb Pad Thai Pad Thai or Phat Thai lang th , Royal Thai General System of Transcription RTGS Phat Thai, ISO 11940 ISO p h d thy, IPA th p t t j , fried Cuisine of Thailand Thai style is a dish of stir fried rice noodles with egg food eggs , fish sauce lang th , tamarind juice, red chilli pepper , plus any combination of bean sprout s, shrimp , Chicken food chicken , or tofu , garnished with crushed peanut s, coriander and Lime fruit lime , the juice of which can be added along with Thai condiment s crushed peanuts, garlic chives, pickled turnip, cilantro, lime, spicy chili oil, chili powder, vinegar, fish sauce, sugar . It is usually served with scallion s and pieces of raw banana flower . It is listed at number 5 on World s 50 most delicious foods readers poll compiled by CNN Go in 2011. ref CNN Go http www.cnngo.com explorations eat readers choice worlds 50 most delicious foods 012321 Your pick World s 50 most delicious foods 7 September 2011. Retrieved 2011 10 11 ref History The dish had been known in ancient Siam in various forms for centuries. The variant of noodle was brought to the ancient Thai capital of Ayutthaya city Ayuthaya by Vietnamese traders. However, it was first made popular as a national ... Madam Mam Articles Bot generated title ref Nowadays Pad Thai has become a widespread staple food ... was described as fueled by Pad Thai because of the crew s daily visits to popular Thai eatery Madam Mams. ref http www.slackerwood.com node 2517 ref The Thai film Jao saao Pad Thai uses pad thai as a plot device as the protagonist claims she will marry whoever eats her pad thai for 100 days in a row ..., Virginia . ref http www.foodnetwork.com throwdown with bobby flay pad thai index.html ref See also Cuisine of Thailand Pad see ew Shahe fen References Cookbook Pad Thai Commons category Pad Thai reflist ... Thai es Pad thai fr Pad tha ko he ja sv Pad Thai th wuu zh ... more details
For the reality television series Bachelor Pad Multiple issues refimprove September 2009 original research July 2009 A bachelor pad is a slang term for a house pad in which a bachelor or bachelors single men live. It should not be confused for the formal term Studio apartment bachelor apartment , which is used in real estate to refer to an apartment with no bedrooms, in which the main room serves as a bedroom, living room and dining room and sometimes kitchen . In the United Kingdom the term bachelor pad usually refers to a flat where a single young man lives alone. Most students in the UK are unable to afford this luxury, and are forced to live with other students, hence the heightened social status attributed to this particular sense of the phrase. In the United States it generally refers to small houses or apartment s where unmarried men, often college university student s, live until ... of living and Taste sociology taste . During the 1950s and 1960s, the bachelor pad was considered ... to court a number of women freely. The bachelor pad then became a symbol of the 1950s cosmopolitan male, and a typical pad included a bar, an array of artwork, furniture usually designed by a well known ... it was usually clean. Fictional examples can be seen in films such as Rock Hudson s pad in Pillow Talk film Pillow Talk , Brian Bedford s in The Pad and How to Use It , James Bond s residence in any ... on creating a bachelor pad . Later bachelor pads are stereotypes stereotyped as being messy, with old ... to or involved with the men living in pads. Several men may share a pad and its expenses for financial ... of Withnail and his flatmate in the film Withnail and I . A less dire pad was depicted in the 1966 film The Pad and How to Use It . Finally, the famous shared rooms of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson were ... Osgerby, Bill. The Bachelor Pad as Cultural Icon Masculinity, Consumption, and Interior Design in American ... Bachelor Pad Category Housing Category Slang expressions Category Men fr Gar onni re pt Matadouro ... more details
Multiple issues refimprove December 2010 wikify November 2010 A scouring pad or scourer is a small pad of metal or plastic mesh used for wiktionary scour scouring a surface. Some scouring pads have one side made of a soft sponge like material and the other is the aforementioned plastic mesh. History The scouring pad has been reincarnated in several forms over the years. In 1928, R. B. Kingman patented the scouring ball, which was one of the first scouring pads and made of a metal mesh. ref Name freePat free patents online, http www.freepatentsonline.com Source 2 ref In 1942, David J. Kelman patented a toroidal metal scouring pad. This was, and still is, used as an abrasive scrubbing pad, however, it is becoming less common, as it removes non stick surfaces off pans. ref Name freePat In 1988, the first scouring pad made of out sponge material was patented by Hans J Hartmann. This was to enable the scouring pad to float. To achieve this, he used a technique to thread the metal mesh through the sponge and wrap it around the outside. This was proposed to stop the scouring pad from dropping to the bottom of the sink or washing up bowl. ref Name freePat In 1973, the plastic needle surface now more commonly used was invented by Edward Mednick, who invented the new surface as a way of reducing the damage scouring pads did to non stick surfaces. This technology and varieties thereon are now what most scouring pads sold today are based upon. ref Name freePat Use Correctly using a scouring pad can be a very hard task. Their abrasive nature and the repeated up and down scrubbing motion can cause wrist ache or even skin irritation. It is generally accepted that the larger the pad, the more satisfying the cleaning, however the most commonly available scouring pads are small. Using scouring pads on non stick surface s such as Teflon is not advisable as they may strip away the coating ... http www.freepatentsonline.com DEFAULTSORT Scouring Pad Category Cleaning nl Pannenspons ... more details
Unreferenced date July 2011 A PIN pad is an electronic device used in a debit card debit or smart card based transaction to input and encrypt the cardholder s personal identification number PIN . PIN pads are normally used with integrated point of sale devices in which an electronic cash register is responsible for taking the sale amount and initiating handling the transaction. The PIN pad is required so that the customer card can be accessed in the case of chip card s and the PIN can be securely entered and encrypted before it is sent upstream to the transaction manager of the switch or the bank. In some cases, with chip cards, the PIN is only transferred from the PIN pad to the chip within the PIN pad itself and it is verified by the chip card. In this case the PIN does not need to be sent to the bank or card scheme for verification. This is known as offline PIN verification . Like some stand alone point of sale devices, PIN pads are equipped with hardware and software security features to ensure that the injected security keys and the PIN are erased if someone tries to tamper with the device. The PIN is encrypted immediately on entry and an encrypted PIN block is created. This encrypted PIN block is erased as soon as it has been sent from the PIN pad to the attached point of sale device and or the chip card. PINs are encrypted using a variety of encryption schemes, the most common being triple DES . PIN pads must be approved to the standards required by the payment card industry to ensure that they provide adequate security at the point of PIN entry and for the PIN encryption process. ISO 9564 is the international standard for PIN management and security. Some well known PIN pad vendors include Hypercom now including Thales e Transactions division , Ingenico now including Sagem , and VeriFone . Category Commerce Category Banking terms and equipment Tech stub pt PIN pad ... more details
unreferenced date September 2011 Image Pad Printing keyboardLg.jpg thumb Example of pad printing on a keyboard. 200px right History of printing Pad printing is a printing process that can transfer a 2 ... an image being transferred from the Stereotype printing clich via a silicone pad onto a Substrate printing substrate . Pad printing is used for printing on otherwise impossible products in many ... on the clich and on the pad allow it to leave the etched image area in favor of adhering to the pad, and to subsequently release from the pad in favor of adhering to the substrate. The unique properties of the silicone pad enable it to pick the image up from a flat plane and transfer it to a variety .... History While crude forms of pad printing have existed for centuries, it was not until the twentieth ... pad printing exploded into the mass production marketplace. Today, pad printing is a well established technology covering a wide spectrum of industries and applications. Process Pad printing ... the ink adheres to the transfer pad and later to the substrate. The transfer pad presses down onto the printing plate momentarily. As the pad is compressed, it pushes air outward and causes the ink to lift transfer from the etched artwork area onto the pad. As the transfer pad lifts away, the tacky ink film inside the etched artwork area is picked up on the pad. A small amount of ink remains in the printing plate. As the transfer pad moves forward, the ink cup also moves to cover the etched ... with ink in preparation for the next cycle. The transfer pad compresses down onto the substrate, transferring ... interface technologies Open inkwell system Open ink well systems, the older method of pad printing, used ... ink on the etched artwork area ready for the pad to pick up. Sealed ink cup system Sealed ink ... plate. Printing pad Pads are three dimensional objects typically moulded of silicone rubber ... is to hold ink in this etched cavity, allowing the pad to pick up this ink as a film in the shape ... more details
File Attenuator, Pi section.svg thumb 300px Figure 1. Schematic circuit of a pad attenuator. The pad pi pad is a specific type of attenuator electronics attenuator circuit in electronics whereby the topology electronics topology of the circuit is formed in the shape of the greek letter . Attenuators are used in electronics to reduce the level of a signal. They are also referred to as pads due ... pad is intrinsically an unbalanced circuit. However, it can be converted to a balanced circuit ..., Pi section from L sections.svg thumb Figure 3. A pad attenuator formed from two symmetrical ... with the image impedances in nepers. A pad can be viewed as being two L sections back to back ... 1 Z sub 1 sub Z sub 2 sub Z sub 0 sub and a symmetrical pad is used. In this case, the impedance ... pads Image Pi pad variations.png thumb 400px Pi pads, O pads and split O pads The unbalanced pi pad can be converted to a balanced O pad by putting one half of Rz in each side of a balanced line. The simple four element O pad attenuates the differential mode signal but does little to attenuate any common mode signal. To insure attenuation of the common mode signal also, a split O pad can be created by splitting and grounding Rx and Ry. Conversion of two port to pi pad Image Two Port to Pi Pad.jpg thumb 400px Conversion of two port admittance parameters to pi pad If a passive two port can be expressed with admittance parameters, then that two port is equivalent to a pi pad. In general, the admittance ... of the pi pad would not be simple components. However, in the case where the two port is purely resistive ... with a pi pad made of resistors. Conversion of tee pad to pi pad Image Pi Pad converstion to or from Tee Pad.jpg thumb 400px Conversion of tee pad to pi pad Pi pads and tee pads are easily converted ... entirely of resistors. See also T pad L pad References Matthaei, Young, Jones, Microwave Filters, Impedance ... Diary, 1970 , pp. 49 60, William Collins Sons & Co, 1969. DEFAULTSORT Pad Category Analog ... more details
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