of Gautama Buddha . Faxian is a Chinese pilgrim and scholar who visited India during the reign of Chandragupta II . Faxian claimed that demons and dragons were the original inhabitants of Ceylon Sri ... page 506 isbn pages accessdate February 19, 2011 Original from the University of Michigan ref On Faxian ... that was probably Java . Faxian landed at Laoshan in what is now Shandong province, 30 km east of the city .... Translation of Faxian s work The following is from the introduction to a translation of Faxian ... Corporation. 1969. Also contains a translation of Faxian s book on pp. xxiii lxxxiii . External links ... Being an Account by the Chinese Monk Fa Hien of his Travels in India gutenberg author id Faxian name Faxian Extracts from James Legge s translation http depts.washington.edu silkroad texts faxian.html ... DATE OF DEATH ca. 422 CE PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Faxian Category Chinese people Category Chinese ... Xian cs Fa sien de Faxian es Fa Xian fr Faxian ko hi id Fa Hsien it F xi n ml nl Fa Xian ja no Faxian pnb pl Faxian ru sh Faxian sv Faxian ta te uk ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 The Memoirs of Eminent Monks Zh c p G os ng Zhu n is a compilation of biography biographies of monks in China ref http afe.easia.columbia.edu special travel records.pdf The Travel Records of Chinese Pilgrims Faxian, Xuanzang, and Yijing ref from the introduction of Buddhism to China up to the Liang Dynasty . Related Topic Buddhism in China References Reflist Buddhism2 DEFAULTSORT Memoirs Of Eminent Monks Category Buddhist monasticism Category Buddhism in China Category Mahayana texts Category Biographies about religious figures Buddhism stub de Gaoseng zhuan ko ru sh Memoari istaknutih redovnika uk vi Cao t ng truy n zh ... more details
Biandukou is a pass with an altitude of over 3500 m in the Qilian Mountains , People s Republic of China China . It links Minle County of Gansu in the north and Qilian County of Qinghai in the south. ref http www.gs.xinhuanet.com dfpd 2005 12 20 content 5861270.htm ref Biandukou has been an important pass in the history. It could have been through here that Faxian arrived in Zhangye in the end of the 4th century AD. ref http www.qh.xinhuanet.com 2010dl 2010 08 20 content 20674012.htm ref In Sui Dynasty , it was known as Dadoubagu . The Emperor Yang of Sui went to Zhangye in 609 AD through Dadoubagu, where many people died from cold weather. ref http www.gscn.com.cn pub lysh lsgc 2011 03 19 1300500436029.html ref References reflist coord missing China Category Mountain passes of China ... more details
The 9th Politburo of the Communist Party of China was elected by the 9th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on April 28, 1969. Standing Committee Members Mao Zedong Lin Biao The next are in surname stroke order stroke order of surnames Chen Boda Zhou Enlai Kang Sheng Members Mao Zedong Lin Biao The next are in surname stroke order stroke order of surnames Ye Qun Ye Jianying Liu Bocheng Jiang Qing Zhu De Xu Shiyou Chen Boda Chen Xilian Li Xiannian Li Zuopeng Wu Faxian Zhang Chunqiao Qiu Huizuo Zhou Enlai Yao Wenyuan Kang Sheng Huang Yongsheng Dong Biwu Xie Fuzhi Alternate Member Ordered in the number of ballots Ji Dengkui Li Xuefeng Li Desheng Wang Dongxing External links zh icon http cpc.people.com.cn GB 64162 64168 64561 65363 4429469.html Gazette of the 1st Session of the 9th CPC Central Committee Politburo of the Communist Party of China Category Politburo of the Communist Party of China Category 1969 in China Category Article Feedback 5 fr 9e Politburo du Parti communiste chinois ... more details
to this view, specialist scholars believe that the compilation of the core portion corresponding to the Faxian ... of this core text was then developed and would have comprised chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 of the Faxian ... from various Sanskrit editions the shortest and earliest is the translation into Chinese by Faxian ... that at least two other Chinese translations were done, slightly earlier than Faxian, but these are no longer .... Faxian , the monk who initially brought the text to China from India , prepared a brief translation ... the translations of Faxian and IAST Dharmak ema into a single edition of thirty six fascicles ... is comparable in length to Faxian s translation. Thus, there are four extant versions The six fascicle text , translated during the Eastern Jin Dynasty 265 420 Jin Dynasty by Buddhabhadra and Faxian between ... Chinese translations were done, slightly earlier than Faxian, but these are no longer extant. Transmission ... corresponding to the Tibetan translation, the six juan Chinese translation attributed to Faxian ... lost. ref name Wang rp 124 According to Faxian s own account, the manuscript copy forming the basis ... is conventionally ascribed to Faxian , this attribution is probably inaccurate. Written less ... s Chu Sanzang Jiji , makes no mention of Faxian, but instead states that the translation ... this attribution. The idea that Faxian was involved in the translation only emerges in later ... the same layman in Pataliputra as Faxian did some years earlier. ref name Wang sfn Chen 2004 rp ... more details
EarlyBuddhism The Gokulika Sanskrit CJKV t p j y n b were an early Buddhist school which descended from the Mah s ghika s. Etymology The name Gokulika means Cinder , and refers to the doctrine that all conditioned phenomena necessarily involve dukkha suffering , and that they are like an inferno of ashes. ref Baruah, Bibhuti. Buddhist Sects and Sectarianism. 2008. p. 47 ref There were numerous variations of this name, such as Kukku ika , Kukkulika , Kaukku ika , and Kaurukullaka . ref Warder, A.K. Indian Buddhism . 2000. p. 235 ref It is likely that the name Kukku ika or Kukkulika originated from the Kukku r r ma monastery at Pataliputra P aliputra , which was an early center for the Mah s ghikas. ref Baruah, Bibhuti. Buddhist Sects and Sectarianism. 2008. p. 47 ref History The Gokulika sect is believed to have split from the main Mah s ghika sect during the reign of Asoka A oka . The Bahusrutiya Bahu rut ya and Prajnaptivada Praj aptiv da are thought to have split from the Gokulikas in the late 3rd century BCE. The Gokulikas seem to have remained in eastern India, and remained strongest in the area around Varanasi V r as . ref Warder, A.K. Indian Buddhism . 2000. p. 281 ref The 6th century CE Indian monk Paramartha Param rtha associates the initial composition and acceptance of Mahayana sutras Mah y na s tras with the Mah s ghika branch of Buddhism. ref Walser, Joseph. N g rjuna in Context Mah y na Buddhism and Early Indian Culture. 2005. p. 50 ref He wrote that the Mah s ghikas initially split into three groups based upon the relative manner and degree to which they accepted the authority of Mah y na teachings. ref Walser, Joseph. N g rjuna in Context Mah y na Buddhism and Early Indian Culture. 2005. p. 51 ref In the early 5th century CE, the Chinese monk Faxian procured a copy of the Mah s ghika Vinaya from a monastery in P aliputra that he describes as Mah y na . ref Walser, Joseph. N g rjuna in Context Mah y na Buddhism and Early Indian Culture. ... more details
Infobox mountain name Mount Lao other name Laoshan photo laoshan mountain with rocks.jpg photo caption One of the mountains at the Laoshan scenic area May 2004 elevation m 1132.7 elevation ref map China map size 200 label position left location Qingdao Shandong , People s Republic of China China range lat d 36 lat m 11 lat s 30 lat NS N long d 120 long m 35 long s 30 long EW E coordinates ref first ascent Image Wang lang.JPG thumb right 150px A stone monument to Wang Lang, founder of Northern Praying Mantis martial art Northern Praying Mantis boxing, is located on the mountain. Laoshan zh c p L o Sh n , i.e., Mount Lao is a famous mountain in Qingdao , Shandong provinces of China province , People s Republic of China China . It lies about 30 km east of the downtown of Qingdao, and is an important tourist destination. It is the highest coastal mountain in China, peaking at 1132.7m. ref http news.sohu.com 20070428 n249760057.shtml Chinese 1132.7 ref It is known as one of the birthplaces of Taoism . ref cite web title Qingdao A City Profile url http gochina.about.com od qingdao a Qingdao.htm publisher About.com accessdate 2008 06 14 ref History Laoshan of Taoism in China for many centuries. In 412 the Chinese Buddhism Buddhist pilgrim Faxian landed at Laoshan on his return from India . Tourism and culture Many of the mountains numerous palaces, Taoist temples, and nunneries have not survived to the present. Taiqing Palace Taoism Temple or Xiaqing Palace Taoism Temple , built during the Song Dynasty North Song Dynasty , is the largest. Sanhuang Palace, part of the Taiging complex, has two ancient Cypress trees, said to have been planted during the Han Dynasty . Many gamblers visit Laoshan for the famous tree located in the mountain, as it is said that three pats of the tree s trunk will bring instant luck for those seeking money. Tsingtao Brewery is made famous because its beer is said to be brewed with Laoshan spring water. References reflis ... more details
BuddhasHolySites Kapilavastu P li Kapilavatthu is the name of a region of the ancient Shakya kingdom where Gautama Buddha was born and it was here he grew up. The nineteenth century search for the historical site of Kapilavastu followed the accounts left by Xuanzang and Faxian . Archaeologists have identified Tilaurakot , an archeological site in Nepal as possible location for Kapilavastu. Since it is recognized that Buddha was born in Lumbini, Nepal and Kapilvastu was the place he was born. Logically Kapilvastu is in Nepal. Pillars of Ashoka Ashoka Pillar , marks the birth place of Buddha. Lumbini, Nepal , is where the Buddha was born. Location UNESCO has declared Lumbini as a World Heritage Site, which is in Nepal. ref cite web url http whc.unesco.org en list 666 title Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha publisher UNESCO accessdate 1 March 2011 ref It is widely accepted that the Lord Buddha spent the first 29 years of his life in nearby Kapilavastu. ref name V and A cite web url http www.vam.ac.uk collections asia asia features buddhism buddhist pilgrimage sites india kapilavastu index.html title Kapilavastu accessdate 1 March 2011 ref ref name Archaeology cite web url http www.archaeology.org 0103 newsbriefs buddha.html title Competing Claims on Buddha s Hometown publisher Archaeology date March 2001 accessdate 21 March 2011 author Chris Hellier ref See also Lumbini , the site of birthplace of Gautama Buddha and Buddhism Nigrodharama , a Buddhist Monastery close to Kapilavastu, where Buddha used to live when visiting Kapilavastu. http maps.google.com maps?ll 27.52772,83.040977&spn 0.002878,0.005418&t h&z 18&vpsrc 6&lci com.panoramio.all maps.google The main evidence that Buddha was born in Lumbini,Nepal is the Ashoka Pillar which is still at Lumbini. Every year number of tourist visit the birth place of Gautam Buddha i.e. Kapilvastu District, Nepal. Kapilvastu District http maps.google.com maps?ll 27.57646,83.055267&spn 0.046028,0.086689&t h&z 14&vpsrc 6&l ... more details
The Ashokavadana Sanskrit , Narrative of Ashoka is a 2nd century CE text related to the legend of the Maurya Empire Maurya Emperor Ashoka Ashoka the Great . The legend was translated into Chinese language Chinese by Faxian Fa Hien in 300 CE. Deleted image removed Image Ashokavadana.jpg thumb 200px Book cover of The legend of King Asoka, A study and translation of the Asokavadana , John Strong, Princeton Library of Asian translations. The Ashokavadana is one of the texts contained in the Divyavadana Divine Narrative , a compilation of several such narratives. The Ashokavadana is an account of the birth and reign of King Ashoka. According to the legend, the birth of Ashoka was predicted by the Buddha, in the story, The Gift of Dust A hundred years after my death there will be an emperor named Ashoka in Pataliputra. He will rule one of the four continents and adorn Jambudvipa with my relics, building eighty four thousand stupas for the welfare of people. He will have them honored by gods and men. His fame will be widespread. His meritorious gift was just this Jaya threw a handful of dust into the Tathaagata s bowl. Sayings of the Buddha according to the Ashokavadana ref http www.boloji.com history 001.htm The Gift of Dust ref Following this prophecy, the Ashokavadana further states that Ashoka was finally born as the son of the Maurya Emperor Bindusara by a relatively lower ranked queen, the daughter of a poor Brahmin who introduced her into the harem of the Emperor as it was predicted that her son would be a great ruler. Although she was of priestly lineage, the fact that she was not royal by birth made her a very low status consort in the harem. ref http www.boloji.com history 001.htm The unknown Ashoka ref The Ashokavadana is also often quoted for its description of the 180 BCE Sunga king Pusyamitra Sunga as en enemy of the Buddhist faith, which before him had been supported by the Mauryan Empire Then King Pusyamitra equipped a fourfold army, and intending to ... more details
The Qigexing Buddhist Temple Ruins Uyghur language Uyghur Xorqu , zh c linktext p linktext Q g X ng F s Y zh l Seven Stars Buddhist Temple Ruins is a ruined compound of Buddhist religious sites located about 25 30 km southwest of the town of Karasahr Yanqi , Yanqi Hui Autonomous County , Xinjiang , China. File Museum f r Indische Kunst Dahlem Berlin Mai 2006 077.jpg thumb 200px Brahmin sculpture from Qigexing possibly 8th century CE Names The name Qigexing has also been spelled as Shikchin , Shikshin , ik in , Xikeqin , or Xigexing . The archaeologist Albert Gr nwedel who worked at the site during the third German Turfan expedition 1905 1907 refers to the site as Shorchuk Uyghur language Uyghur Xorqu , this name is also sometimes spelled as Chorchuk or Shorchuq . History Qigexing was part of the ancient Buddhist Karashara Kingdom that is first mentioned in Chinese sources from the Han Dynasty as the Kingdom of Yanqi zh c p Yanqi . In 94 CE, Qigexing was conquered by the Han Dynasty in its reconquest of the Tarim Basin . The Buddhist monk Faxian visited Qigexing around 400 CE and mentions the presence of about 4,000 monks who were practicing Hinayana Buddhism. The monk Xuanzang , who lived in the 7th century CE, reports the existence of 10 Buddhist monasteries with 2,000 monks in Qigexing. In 719 CE, the Tang Dynasty established a garrison in Qigexing in a similar manner as in Kucha , Kashgar , and Hotan . Archeological finds in Qigexing include the ruins of larger temple compounds as well as some cave temples. The remains of some wall paintings and in particular sculptures have been discovered at the site. Sculptures have been found as individual figures as well as in friezes. The site was investigated by Albert Gr nwedel during third German Turfan expedition 1905 1907 as well as by Sergey Oldenburg during the Russian Turkistan Expedition 1909 1910 . References File Shorchuk gruenwedel 1912.jpg thumb 200px right Map of the ruins of the S ... more details
Use mdy dates date February 2011 Year dab 402 Year nav 402 M1 year in topic File Buddha in Sarnath Museum Dhammajak Mutra .jpg thumb A statue of Gautama Buddha Siddhartha Gautama India NOTOC Year 402 Roman numerals CDII was a common year starting on Wednesday link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar . At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Arcadius and Honorius or, less frequently, year 1155 Ab urbe condita . The denomination 402 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events onlyinclude By place Roman Empire The Visigoths advance on Mediolanum modern Milan and laid siege to Asti in Liguria . King Alaric I send enovoys to negotiate a peace, but the Roman government refuses to make deals with barbarians . April 6 &ndash Battle of Pollentia Stilicho recalls troops from Roman Britain Britain and the Rhine frontier to defend Italy . He decides to attack the Goths on Eastern Sunday and manages to capture Alaric s wife and childern. Emperors Arcadius and his younger brother Honorius emperor Honorius become Roman consul s. Asia King Gwanggaeto the Great of Goguryeo Korea defeats the forces of Later Yan , seizing some of their border fortresses. The Eurasian Avars Avars , led by Shelun Ch louen , having defeated the Gaoju Dingling Kao kiu Ting ling near Kobbo, establish a nomadic empire that ranges from Mongolia to the Irtysh . Faxian Fa Hien , Chinese Buddhist monk , makes a pilgrimage to India initiating Sino Indian relations . Stirred by his faith to Buddhism , he visit the sites of Gautama Buddha Siddhartha Gautama s life. By topic Religion Jerome writes Apologiae contra Rufinum and Liber tertius seu ultima responsio adversus scripta Rufini . The Pure Land school of Buddhism founds a monastery upon the top of Mount Lushan . Porphyry of Gaza orders the destruction of paganism pagan temples in Gaza . onlyinclude Births Death ... more details
Use mdy dates date February 2011 Year dab 414 Year nav 414 M1 year in topic File Pulcheria Coin.JPG thumb Empress Pulcheria Aelia Pulcheria NOTOC Year 414 Roman numerals CDXIV was a common year starting on Thursday link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar . At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Constantius and Constans or, less frequently, year 1167 Ab urbe condita . The denomination 414 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events onlyinclude By place Roman Empire January 1 &ndash Galla Placidia , half sister of emperor Honorius emperor Honorius , is married to the Visigoths Visigothic king Ataulf at Narbonne . The wedding is celebrated with Roman festivities and magnificent gifts from the Goths Gothic booty. July 4 &ndash Emperor Theodosius II , age 13, yields power to his older sister Pulcheria Aelia Pulcheria who reigns as regent and proclaimed herself empress Augusta honorific Augusta of the Byzantine Empire Eastern Roman Empire . Constantius III , Roman general magister militum , begins a military campaign against the Visigoths in Gaul . He blockades the Gallic ports and besieges Marseille . Priscus Attalus is twice proclaimed rival emperor by the Visigoths at Bordeaux , in order to impose their terms on Honorius who has his residence in Ravenna . Asia The Southern Liang , a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin Dynasty 265 420 Jin Dynasty , comes to an end. By topic Religion Faxian Fa Hien , Chinese Buddhism Buddhist monk , returns from India and begins translating Buddhist works into Chinese language Chinese . Abdas of Susa Abdas , bishop of Susa , burns down a Zoroastrian temple in retaliation, king Yazdegerd I of Sassanid Empire Persia orders the destruction of Christian churches. onlyinclude Births Deaths Synesius , bishop of Ptolemais Cyrenaica Ptolemais approximate date Yujiul Hul , ruler of the ... more details
Image ShahJiKiDheriStupa.jpg thumb 300px 1899 engraving showing the remnants of the Kanishka Stupa in Shah Ji Ki Dheri. Image KanishkaCasket.JPG thumb 300px The inscribed Kanishka Casket found at the site of the Kanishka Stupa and containing relic s of the Buddha, now in Peshawar Museum , Pakistan, while the relics are in Mandalay , Burma. Image Buddha relics.JPG thumb right 300px Buddha relics from Kanishka s stupa in Peshawar , Pakistan, now in Mandalay , Burma. Teresa Merrigan, 2005 The Kanishka stupa was a monumental stupa established by the Kushan king Kanishka during the 2nd century CE in today s Shah ji Dheri on the outskirts of Peshawar , Pakistan . The stupa was described by Chinese pilgrims in the 7th century as the tallest stupa in all India. Archaeologists have examined the remains of the structure and determined that it had a diameter of 286 feet. Ancient Chinese manuscripts tell of Buddhist pilgrims reporting that the stupa had a height of 591 689 feet The measurements they stated were in Chinese units, which were 600 700. This height was equal to about 180 210 meters or 591 689 feet. Three Chinese reports are known by Faxian , who travelled between 399 412 CE, Sung Yun who arrived in India in 518 CE, Xuanzang who went to India in 630 CE . Sung Yun describes the stupa in the following terms The king proceeded to widen the foundation of the Great Tower 300 paces and more. To crown all, he placed a roof pole upright and even. Throughout the building he used ornamental wood, he constructed stairs to lead to the top....there was an iron pillar, 3 feet high with thirteen gilded circlets. Altogether the height from the ground was 700 feet. The stupa was discovered and excavated in 1908 1909 by a British archaeological mission, and led to the discovery in its base of the Kanishka casket , a six sided rock crystal reliquary containing three small fragments of bone, ref Spooner, D. B. 1908 9 Excavations at Sh h ji Dher . Archaeological Survey of India , p. 49. ... more details
. Visit of Faxian File Coin of Vikramadytia Chandragupta II with the name of the king in Brahmi ... script, 380 415 CE. Faxian 337 c. 422 CE was the first of three great Chinese pilgrims who visited India from the fifth to the seventh centuries CE, in search of knowledge, manuscripts and relics. Faxian ... more details
Use mdy dates date February 2011 Year dab 406 Year nav 406 M1 year in topic File Gu Kaizhi.jpg thumb Gu Kaizhi NOTOC Year 406 Roman numerals CDVI was a common year starting on Monday link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar . At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Arcadius and Probus or, less frequently, year 1159 Ab urbe condita . The denomination 406 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events onlyinclude By place Roman Empire Florence Siege of Florence Stilicho defeats with help from Huns Hunnic forces under Uldin , as well as Alans Alan and Goths Gothic cavalry an army of 20,000 warriors led by Radagaisus . He sends a heavily guarded convoy of provisions into the town and laid siege, by constructing a line of blockhouse s, connected by trench es. After two months Stilicho relieves the siege and liberates the city. Radagaisus is forced to retreat into the hills of Fiesole . There he tries to escape, but is captured by the Roman Empire Romans . August 23 &ndash Radagaisus is executed, 12,000 barbarians are incorporated into the Late Roman army Roman army or sold as slavery slaves . Autumn &ndash The remaining Roman legion Roman legions in Roman Britain Britain decided to mutiny . The usurper Marcus usurper Marcus is proclaimed emperor. The Vandals led by Godigisel are intercepted and defeated by the Franks under Marcomir. Godigisel is killed in battle and succeeded by his son Gunderic . December 31 &ndash Vandals, Alans and Suebians Crossing of the Rhine cross the Rhine at Mogontiacum modern Mainz , beginning an invasion of Gaul traditional date, this may have occurred in 405 . Asia Faxian Fa Hien , Chinese traveler, arrives in India . He visit the major seats of Buddhism Buddhist learning Oddiyana Udyana , Peshawar , and Taxila . Emperor Hanzei Hanzei succeeds his brother Emperor Richu Richu , and becomes the List ... more details
Use mdy dates date February 2011 Year dab 399 Year nav 399 M1 year in topic File Yazdgardi.jpg thumb King Yazdegerd I 399 421 NOTOC Year 399 Roman numerals CCCXCIX was a common year starting on Saturday link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar . At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Eutropius and Theodorus or, less frequently, year 1152 Ab urbe condita . The denomination 399 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events onlyinclude By place Roman Empire Emperor Honorius emperor Honorius closed at Rome the Gladiator ial schools and legally ends munera ancient Rome munera Gladiator games . Flavius Mallius Theodorus becomes Roman consul and official at the imperial court of emperor Arcadius . Gainas , a Goths Gothic leader, is made magister militum and forms an alliance with deserters of Tribigild along the Bosphorus . He proclaims himself co regent usurper and install his forces in Constantinople . Gainas depose anti Gothic officials and has Eutropius consul Eutropius , imperial advisor cubicularius , executed. Asia King Bahram IV dies after an 11 year reign. He is succeeded by Yazdegerd I , who becomes the thirteenth Sassanid Empire Sassanid king of Iran Persia . Faxian Fa Hien , Chinese Buddhism Buddhist monk , travels to India , Sri Lanka and Kapilavastu modern Nepal . By topic Religion November 26 &ndash Pope Siricius dies at Rome after a 15 year reign in which he has commanded celibacy for priest s, asserted papal authority over the entire Western Church, and threated to impose sanctions who do not follow his dictates. Pope Anastasius I Anastasius I succeeds Siricius as the 39th pope . He seeks to reconcile the churches of Roman Catholic Church Rome and Antiochian Orthodox Church Antioch . Anastasius also condemns the doctrine of Origen . Flavian I of Antioch Flavian I is acknowledged as legitimate bishop of Antioc ... more details
Kaswan lang hi or Kuswan or Kasuan is a gotra of Jat people jats in Rajasthan and Haryana in India . The word Kaswan is XWN of Tocharian language meaning King . Origin of Kaswan Jat historian Thakur Deshraj writes that Kushans were the people from Krishnavanshi who moved with Pandava s in the great migration after Mahabharata . There is no doubt that Kushan word is derived from Sanskrit word karshneya and karshnik . The word is not Kushan but Kaswan clan found in Jats. ref Thakur Deshraj Jat Itihas Hindi , Maharaja Suraj Mal Smarak Shiksha Sansthan, Delhi, 1934, 2nd edition 1992. Page 202 ref The Taxila Ladle Copper inscription bears this as Kaswin word. In Mahabharata there is a word Khawakasha which becomes Kashwa when Kh is changed to x and tellies with the word kasuwa of Panchtar inscription . The word Kaswan is in fact XWN word of Tokharian language which means King . In Mahabharata also there is mention of a country named Kuswan which was situated in the north of Mansarovar lake . ref Jat Samaj Monthly Magazine, Agra, May 2006 page 7 ref James Legge has mentioned in the book A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms, chapter XII about the rule of Kanishka in footnote 4 that Kanishka appeared and began to reign early in our first century, about A.D. 10. He was the last of three brothers, whose original seat was in Yuchi Yueh she , immediately mentioned, or Tukhara . He further mentions in footnote 6 that This king was perhaps Kanishka himself, Faxian Fa hien mixing up, in an inartistic way, different legends about him. Eitel suggests that a relic of the old name of the country may still exist in that of the Jats or Juts of the present day. A more common name for it is Tukhara , and he observes that the people were the Indo Scythians of the Greeks , and the Tatar s of China Chinese writers, who, driven on by the Huns 180 BC , conquered Transoxiana , destroyed the Bactria n kingdom 126 BC , and finally conquered the Punjab region Punjab , Cashmere, and great part of In ... more details
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