Unreferenced date October 2007 Merge from Fire trail date August 2010 Wildland Firefighting A firebreak also called a fireroad , fire line or fuel break is a gap in vegetation or other combustible material that acts as a barrier to slow or stop the progress of a bushfire or wildfire . A firebreak may occur naturally where there is a lack of vegetation or fuel , such as a river, lake or canyon. Firebreaks may also be man made, and many of these also serve as roads, such as a logging road, four wheel drive trail, secondary road, or a highway . Overview Image Fireplow0179.JPG thumb left Plow cutting a firebreak in advance of a forest fire , South Carolina In the construction of a firebreak, the primary goal is to remove deadwood and undergrowth down to mineral soil. Various methods may be used to accomplish this initially and to maintain this condition. Ideally, the firebreak will be constructed and maintained according to the established practices of sustainable forestry and fire protection engineering also known as best management practices BMP S . The general goals are to maximize the effectiveness of the firebreak at slowing the spread of wildfire, and by using firebreaks of sufficient size and density to hopefully reduce the ultimate size of wildfires. Additional goals are to maintain the ecology of the forest and to reduce the impact of wildfires on air pollution and the global ... mutually beneficial to all. In many cases, it may be useful for firebreak upkeep to be used ... the firebreak. In addition, these commercial industries and small business es are helped by a reduction ... right thumb Rocky Point Trail acted as a firebreak for a forest fire in McDonald ..., and the relative effectiveness of a given firebreak, firebreaks often have to be backed up with other ... firebreak was created when the whole of Van Ness Avenue San Francisco Van Ness Avenue in San Francisco ... simple Firebreak sv Brandgata zh ... more details
notability date July 2011 unreferenced date July 2011 Tobacco gum , like dissolvable tobacco, is a recent introduction a type of chewing gum which, like nicotine gum provides nicotine through oral absorption. However, the difference between nicotine gum and tobacco gum is that tobacco gum is made from finely powdered tobacco mixed with a gum base, rather than freebase nicotine. The only current company that produces tobacco gum is Firebreak company Firebreak . Category Smoking cessation ... more details
de Kock Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Sheikh Mohammed 1 37 78 2004 Firebreak horse Firebreak 5 Frankie Dettori Saeed bin Suroor Godolphin Racing 1 35 82 2003 Firebreak horse Firebreak 4 Frankie Dettori ... more details
Merge to Firebreak date August 2010 Wildland Firefighting A fire trail is a rural road built specifically for the purpose of access for fire management purposes . The term is part of the vocabulary of Australian Bushfire Bushfire control bushfire control and may be also known as a fireroad in US terminology. A fire trail may act as part of a control line or firebreak fire break but a fire trail in itself does not constitute a fire break. ref name BFCCPolicyDocs 2 07 cite book title Policy No. 2 2007 Fire Trails publisher Bush Fire Coordinating Committee date 2007 location Sydney, Australia pages 1 url http www.bushfire.nsw.gov.au dsp more info.cfm?CON ID 4930&CAT ID 537 ref Due to fire trails providing access to otherwise remote areas, possible adverse effects include illegal activities, erosion, noise pollution, weed invasion, and possibly stuck vehicles. ref name BFCCPolicyDocs 2 07 cite book title Policy No. 2 2007 Fire Trails publisher Bush Fire Coordinating Committee date 2007 location Sydney, Australia pages 2 url http www.bushfire.nsw.gov.au dsp more info.cfm?CON ID 4930&CAT ID 537 ref Since fire trails are unpaved roads, contour banks are essential to control erosion and track degradation. ref name BFCCPolicyDocs 2 07 cite book title Policy No. 2 2007 Fire Trails publisher Bush Fire Coordinating Committee date 2007 location Sydney, Australia pages 13 url http www.bushfire.nsw.gov.au dsp more info.cfm?CON ID 4930&CAT ID 537 ref File Bicentennial National Trail.JPG thumb 250px left A fire trail sign in Enfield State Forest. References Reflist External links http www.rfs.nsw.gov.au dsp content.cfm?CAT ID 255 Access NSW Rural Fire Service, Building in Bushfire Prone Areas DEFAULTSORT Fire Trail Category Bushfires in Australia ... more details
A diaphragm arch is a transverse wall bearing arch forming a partial wall dividing a Vault architecture vault or a ceiling into compartments. ref Technical Terms and the Understanding of English Medieval Architecture E. C. Fernie, Architectural History Vol. 44, 2001 , pp. 13 21 http www.jstor.org pss 1568729 ref When used under a wooden roof, it has the advantage of providing a partial firebreak . ref http books.google.com books?id HyjqAAAAMAAJ&q 22diaphragm arch 22 history&dq 22diaphragm arch 22 history&hl en&ei L9GfTMqhKML88AalgsnXDw&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 9&ved 0CEYQ6AEwCDge Architecture in Britain the Middle Ages, Volume 12, p. 210 ref It was first used in Roman Syria, during the 2nd century AD. ref http books.google.com books?id DHVMAAAAYAAJ&q 22diaphragm arch 22 origin&dq 22diaphragm arch 22 origin&hl en&ei YdGfTJ7iDMG88gatxsx1&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 2&ved 0CCwQ6AEwAQ Arte medievale , 1987 ref References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Diaphragm Arch Category Architectural terminology Architecture stub ca Arc diafragma cs Prampouch de Schwibbogen Architektur fr Arc diaphragme ... more details
File Capitan gap.jpg thumb left 250px Tahoe National Forest Fire Engine 731 and Crew at Smokey Bear Vista Point in June 1990. Capitan Gap is the pass located in the distance between the Engine and the sign. The Capitan Gap Fire was a human caused forest fire that broke out in Lincoln National Forest , New Mexico in the Capitan Mountains Capitan mountain range in 1950. The fire devastated 17,000 acres 69 km . ref cite web url http forestry.about.com od forestfire ss top fires na 9.htm title Capitan Gap Fire Disaster accessdate August 7, 2009 ref While a 24 man firefighting crew desperately dug firebreak s the wind shifted, and the fire jumped the line. The men buried themselves in the earth of a recent landslide, and survived the fire. Also during the blaze, a bear cub who the men had previously seen ducking in and out of the forest survived the fire by climbing a tree and hanging onto the windward side with only singes and other survivable injuries. He was rescued by the firefighters and named Hotfoot, before filling the role of Smokey Bear . References reflist See also List of forest fires List of historic fires coord missing New Mexico Category Wildfires in New Mexico Category 1950 disasters Category 1950 fires Category 1950 in New Mexico US hist stub ... more details
refimprove date January 2010 Image with unknown copyright status removed File Kamayari 1.JPG thumb Several examples of Kamayari heads The kamayari , sickle spear is similar to the jumonji yari . While it also had two protrusions shooting off the base of a main spear tip, in yari the offshoots were hooked back downward. The kamayari essentially is a yari with Kama weapon kama at the base of the blade to assist in hooking things. Generally the hooks are large enough to hold the head, neck or jaw when in a tree or to hook limbs of a swordsman on the ground, thus it is different in function in this respect from other types of yari. Also the kamayari was used to hook horsemen and dismount them. ref name WBAR Cite book last Ratti first Oscar authorlink coauthors Adele Westbrook title Secrets of the Samurai The Martial Arts of Feudal Japan publisher Tuttle Publishing date 1991 location pages 484 isbn 978 0804816847 ref Historically it also had a non military use, where it was employed by Japanese firemen to pull down the roofs of burning buildings to slow a fire much the same way firemen of today would topple buildings to create a firebreak. There is also a single hooked variety of the kamayari called the katakamayari . References Reflist Japanese samurai weapons, armour and equipment Category Spears of Japan Category Samurai pole weapons Weapon stub it Kamayari lt Kamajaris pt Kamayari ... more details
Refimprove date July 2009 In many jurisdictions, roads were run along every section line , giving access to previously remote areas and serving in many instances as firebreak s. A road or arterial in which the centerline is laid out along a section line boundary is often referred to as a section line road or section line arterial . In Oklahoma City Boise, Idaho metropolitan areas of Arizona most notably Phoenix, Arizona Phoenix and Tucson and much of Las Vegas, Nevada Las Vegas , all major thoroughfares run along section lines, producing a readily identifiable grid. ref Watts, R.D., R.W. Compton, J.H. McCammon, C.L. Rich, and S.M. Wright. Distance to the nearest road in the conterminous United States . 1 mile section line road grid http www.fort.usgs.gov products publications 21426 21426.pdf http www.fort.usgs.gov Products Publications pub abstract.asp?PubID 21426 ref In some locales, section lines were designated as the basis for the street numbering system. In Tulsa, Oklahoma for example, it can be correctly assumed that 190th Street is exactly seventeen miles beyond 20th Street, each block representing one tenth of a mile. See also reflist Section United States land surveying Category Roads in the United States Category Geography of the United States ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2010 Croft Head is a hill in the Southern Uplands of Scotland 7 km due east of Moffat . Its summit height above sea level is just 637 metres but it offers unobstructed views to the Solway Firth , the fells and mountains of Cumbria and the Pennines to the south and east. To the north, the major Moffat Hills are close by and to the west, Queensberry hill Queensberry , the Lowther Hills Lowthers and many of the Galloway Hills can be seen. Its summit is easily reached from Moffat by taking the Southern Upland Way path east from the Moffat water bridge near Craigbeck. A quite dramatic ridge loop is possible by climbing north on the forestry Firebreak fire road shortly after Craigbeck Hope cottage via Gateshaw Rig 567 m to Croft Head s summit and descending via Cat Shoulder to the junction of the SUW and the Selcoth burn pass. coord 55 20 15.26 N 3 20 10 W region GB type landmark display title Category Mountains and hills of the Southern Uplands Category Mountains and hills of Dumfries and Galloway Category Marilyns of Scotland Category Grahams Category Donalds DumfriesGalloway geo stub ... more details
The Delaney Park Strip is an 11 City block block park in the Consolidated city county municipality of Anchorage, Alaska . It was originally Anchorage s airfield. Park History Known to the Anchorage community as the Park Strip, Delaney Park is the oldest park in the city. It was established as part of the original Anchorage township plat in 1917, and named for James Delaney mayor James Delaney , one of the first mayors of Anchorage. The park was originally used simply as a firebreak, but in 1922 it became The Golf Course . The community used the space both for a golf course and an airstrip. In 1929, however, Merrill Field opened, so the Delaney Park airstrip was no longer necessary. In 1954, the Parks & Recreation Department began to develop recreation facilities for a variety of activities and events, including ice skating, softball, horseshoes and later, tennis. In 1958, the Park Strip hosted the Alaska Statehood Celebration. Presently, the park is used for a variety of community events, sports and festivals year round. Features and Amenities Two soccer fields Six softball fields Eight tennis courts Two sand volleyball courts Five horseshoe pits Ice hockey rink and ice skating area Winter running route around the park Fitness center at Pete s Gym Memorial to Pope John Paul II, who visited the Park Strip in 1981 Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Victims for Justice Tree Purple Heart Memorial Aviation Memorial E.G. Fenn Memorial POW MIA Tree Organ and Tissue Donor Memorial C.A. Berg Tree R.O. Robertson Tree Veterans Memorial Bandstand Centennial Rose Garden Parking spaces available along 10th Avenue on the park side External links http photos.alaska.org alaska photos anchorage photos Downtown Anchorage Attractions Delaney Park Strip photos coord 61 12 48 N 149 54 06 W display title Category Protected areas of Anchorage, Alaska Category Parks in Alaska AnchorageAK geo stub ... more details
Infobox mountain name Sierra de Baza photo SierraBaza2.JPG photo caption Firebreak in Sierra de Baza elevation m 2269 elevation ref prominence 850 location Granada province Granada province , Spain range Cordillera Penib tica map Spain lat d 37 lat m 23 lat s 00 lat NS N long d 02 long m 50 long s 36 long EW W coordinates coor dm 37 23 00 N 02 50 36 W region ES type mountain display inline,title topo type Limestone age first ascent easiest route From Baza Sierra de Baza is a mountain range near the city of Baza, Granada Baza in the Granada province Granada province in Spain . It is named after the town of Baza and its highest point is the 2,269 m high Calar de Santa B rbara . It is located between the Sierra Nevada, Spain Sierra Nevada and the Sierra de Cazorla and Sierra de Segura mountain ranges. ref http www.juntadeandalucia.es medioambiente site aplica medioambiente site web menuitem.a5664a214f73c3df81d8899661525ea0 ?vgnextoid 14dbf85344135010VgnVCM1000000624e50aRCRD&vgnthirdoid 0dfe9802d19e4010VgnVCM1000000624e50aRCRD Informaci n descriptiva del Parque Natural Sierra de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas es ref It merges towards the east with the Sierra de los Filabres mountain range. See also Hoya of Baza References reflist External links commonscat http www.juntadeandalucia.es medioambiente servtc5 ventana mostrarFicha.do jsessionid A8EBCABA5E909EE1E57ADE203920207C?idEspacio 7415 Parque Natural de la Sierra de Baza http www.sierradebaza.org Sierra de Baza Site Category Mountains of Andalusia Category Baetic System Baza Andalusia geo stub de Sierra de Baza es Sierra de Baza ... more details
File Head of Nupla PA375 PASG Pulaski Axe.jpg thumb widthpx Head of a Nupla PA375 LESG Pulaski Image PulaskiVsBirchRoot8054.JPG thumb widthpx A demonstration of incorrect use of a pulaski. For safety reasons, a pulaski should never be held over one s head. ref cite book last1 Hallman first1 Richard last2 Hutcheson first2 William last3 Mrkich first3 Dale title Handtools for trail work publisher USDA Forest Service, Technology & Development Program year 1997 pages 18 accessdate 2011 01 18 quote Avoid raising the pick overhead while swinging this wastes energy and creates a safety hazard because the heavy, narrow tool head cannot be easily controlled or directed. ref The pulaski is a special hand tool used in wildfire wildland firefighting . The tool combines an axe and an adze in one head, similar to that of the Mattock cutter mattock , with a rigid handle of wood, plastic, or fiberglass. The pulaski is a versatile tool for constructing firebreak s, as it can be used to both dig soil and chop wood. It is also well adapted for trail construction, gardening , and other outdoor work. As a gardening or excavation tool, it is effective for digging holes in root bound or hard soil. The invention of the pulaski is credited to Ed Pulaski , an assistant park ranger ranger with the United States Forest Service , in 1911, ref cite book last1 Spadafora first1 Ronald title McGraw Hill s Firefighter Exams publisher McGraw Hill Professional year 2007 pages 230 accessdate 2011 01 18 quote Invented by USFS ranger Ed Pulaski in 1911. ref although a similar tool was first introduced in 1876 by the Collins Tool Company. Ed Pulaski was famous for taking action to save the lives of a crew of 45 firefighters during the disastrous August 1910 Great Fire of 1910 wildfires in Idaho . His invention or reinvention of the tool that bears his name may have been a direct result of the disaster, as he saw the need for better firefighting tools. The pulaski came into wide use by the Forest Service af ... more details
about the article about the new UK emergency control centres FiReControl the article about controllers for the firing of weapons Fire control system unreferenced date February 2009 Fire control is the practice of reducing the heat output of a fire, or reducing the area over which the fire exists, or suppressing or extinguishing the fire by depriving a fire of fuel , oxygen or heat see fire triangle . The classification below relates to the United States of America. Different classifications exist in other countries. Class A fires see also Fire retardant Wildfire The most common method to control a class A fire is to remove heat by spraying the burning solid fuels with water . Another method of controlling a class A fire would be to reduce the oxygen content of the atmosphere in the immediate vicinity of the i.e., smother the fire , such as by the introduction of an inert gas such as carbon dioxide . In a Wildfire , fire control includes various wildland fire suppression techniques such as Defensible space fire control defensible space , opening the fuel ladder spacing, removing fuel in the fire s path with firebreak s and backfires, to minimize the brushfire from reaching new combustible fuel and spreading further. Class B fires Some Class B fires hydrocarbons, petroleum s, and fuels on fire cannot be efficiently controlled with water. Fuels with a specific gravity less than water, such as gasoline or oil , float on water, resulting in the fire continuing in the fuel on top of the water. The application of a combination of fire suppressant foam mixed with water is a common and effective method of forming a blanket on top of the liquid fuel which eliminates the oxygen needed for combustion.The configuration of some fuels, such as coal and baled waste paper, result in a deep seated and burrowing fire, resulting in less effective fire control by the application of water on the outer surfaces of the fuel. Some class B fires can be controlled with the application of chem ... more details
Infobox mountain name Mount Sizer photo Mount Sizer.jpg photo caption small Mount Sizer, highest point in photo as seen from Hobbs Road just above Deer Horn Spring. small elevation ft 3216 elevation ref ref cite peakbagger pid 23506 name Mount Sizer, California accessdate 2008 11 29 ref prominence location Santa Clara County, California Santa Clara County , California , United States USA range Diablo Range coordinates coord 37.2138298 121.5135515 format dms region US CA type mountain source gnis display inline,title coordinates ref ref cite gnis id 233189 name Mount Sizer accessdate 2008 11 29 ref topo United States Geological Survey USGS Mount Sizer first ascent easiest route Hiking Hike Mount Sizer is a prominent peak located on Blue Ridge in Henry W. Coe State Park , just east of Morgan Hill, California . Because Mount Sizer is the highest point on Blue Ridge and under convert 10 mi km miles from the park s headquarters, it makes it an ideal destination for day hikers. There are two ways to reach the summit. One by trails and one by a combination of trail and Firebreak fire road . The fire road route leads you almost directly up Blue Ridge to Mount Sizer and is affectionately nicknamed The Shortcut . This road rises roughly convert 1500 ft 0 in convert 1.3 mi 1 giving it an average grade slope grade of 22 . Paved roads in California seldom exceed an 8 grade. References reflist External links cite web url http www.coestatepark.com sizer.htm title Mt. Sizer & Black Oak Spring work Photo Tour Henry W. Coe State Park publisher Mindbird Maps & Books accessdate 2008 11 29 cite web url http www.coestatepark.com shortcut.htm title The Short Cut work Photo Tour Henry W. Coe State Park publisher Mindbird Maps & Books accessdate 2008 11 29 DEFAULTSORT Sizer, Mount Category Mountains of Santa Clara County, California Category Mountains of the San Francisco Bay Area SantaClaraCountyCA geo stub ... more details
David Wevill born 1935, Japan is a Canadian poet and translator. ref name utexas 2010 04 13 He became a dual citizen United States American and Canadian in 1994. Wevill is a professor emeritus in the Department of English at The University of Texas at Austin . ref name utexas 2010 04 13 File AustinAudioAnthologyProjectNakedChildren.jpg thumb Photo by Mark Christal. Pictured poets from Austin Poets Audio Anthology Project, Vol. II, Naked Children include left to right Michael Vecchio, Hedwig Gorski , Phillip T. Stephens, Isabella Russell Ides , David Wevill , and Cecilia Bustamante. Phillip is holding a photo of Joy Cole who had died at the time and included on the tape. He went to Canada before the outbreak of World War II . He read History and English at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge , and became a noted member of an underground literary movement in London known as The Group. Wevill first made a name for himself as a poet when he was included in A. Alvarez s anthology The New Poetry Penguin, 1962 , aimed at resisting the conservative milieu of mainstream British poetry. In 1963 Wevill was showcased in A Group Anthology Oxford University Press . Wevill is also the former editor of Delos , a literary journal centered on poetry in translation and the poetics of translation. Works Penguin Modern Poets 4 Penguin, 1963 Birth of a Shark Macmillan, 1964 A Christ of the Ice Floes Macmillan, 1966 Penguin Modern European Poets Ferenc Juh sz Penguin, 1970 Firebreak Macmillan, 1971 Where the Arrow Falls St. Martin s, 1974 Casual Ties http www.tavernbooks.com Curbstone, 1983 Tavern Books, 2010 Other Names for the Heart Exile Editions Ltd., 1985 Figure of 8 New Poems and Selected Translations Exile Editions Ltd., 1987 Figure of 8 Shearsman, 1988 Child Eating Snow Exile Editions Ltd., 1994 Solo With Grazing Deer Exile Editions Ltd., 2001 Departures Shearsman, 2003 Asterisks Exile Editions Ltd., 2007 To Build My Shadow a Fire The Poetry and Translations of David Wevill http ... more details
Infobox mountain name Rhobell Fawr photo Rhobell Fawr summit.JPG photo caption The summit of Rhobell Fawr elevation m 734 elevation ref prominence m 309 prominence ref parent peak Arenig Fawr listing Marilyn hill Marilyn , Hewitt hill Hewitt , Nuttall hill Nuttall pronunciation IPA cy r b vaur lang location Gwynedd , WAL range Snowdonia grid ref UK SH786256 topo Ordnance Survey OS Landranger 124 GB summits start GB summits entry Name Dduallt Height 662 m 2,172 ft Status Hewitt hill Hewitt , Nuttall hill Nuttall end Rhobell Fawr is an extinct volcano ref cite web url http www.bbc.co.uk wales northwest outdoors placestogo reserves snowdon.shtml title North West Wales Outdoors Snowdon publisher BBC year 2002 ref in the Arenig range within the Snowdonia National Park . Despite its modest height of 734 m 2,408 feet , it is a mountain with views of higher peaks all around, including the north face of Cadair Idris and distant Snowdon . The paths are not well trodden, but there is a distinct path up from Bwlch Goriwared, a couple of miles north north east of the small village of Llanfachreth . From the pass gbm4ibx SH704246 a ladder stile crosses a wall beside some sheep folds on the eastern side of the track. A path follows a wall eastwards for a little more than 2 miles to the summit. The walk can easily be done, there and back from Llanfachreth, in 4 hours, given good weather, and provided you are used to the British mountains and reasonably fit. A more arduous ascent is a circuit starting at Cwm yr Allt lwyd . A good path crosses the infant Afon Mawddach , a switchback rises high above the river and then drops to ford it, from where a fence is followed to the neighbouring summit of Dduallt . From there, descend to the forest , which is entered at a corner gbm4ibx SH804259 . The forest is extremely dense, but soon a firebreak is reached and this is followed until a forestry track is seen at the edge of the forest gbm4ibx SH797250 . Follow t ... more details
Image CrossesMemorial.jpg right thumb 288px Memorial crosses at the site of the 1953 Rattlesnake Fire. The Rattlesnake Fire was a wildfire started by an arsonist on July 9, 1953 in Grindstone Canyon in Mendocino National Forest in California . One United States Forest Service Forest Service employee and 14 volunteer firefighters from New Tribes Mission perished. The wildfire burned over convert 1300 acre km2 before being extinguished on July 11, 1953. It has become a well known firefighting textbook case. Events The arsonist started two fire s, one on private land and the other along Alder Springs Road inside the forest boundary. He was later convicted and sentenced on two counts of arson. ref Cermak, Robert W. p. 323 ref The first fire was quickly suppressed by the Forest Service. The second fire continued burning toward Grindstone Canyon. The fire was spotted and reported mid afternoon and by evening, it was considered under control. At about 9 00 pm, the wind caused a spot fire north of the road from a burning brand. The plan to bulldoze lines above this fire were not completed as the terrain was too steep for the equipment. Then the wind died down and the spot fire became inactive. With the new weather conditions, a firebreak line was built directly around the inactive spot fire successfully. The wind came up again and changed directions which started several spot fires west of the crew. All but one of these new fires were extinguished by the water tanker trucks. The men then rested, had dinner, and were in an area out of sight to the fire front and were unaware that a flareup was occurring until too late. ref Cermak, Robert W, pp. 319 321 ref Casualties Of the 24 person crew, 15 were burned alive as they tried to outrun the fire through the dense brush and steep terrain. Lessons learned The tragedy resulted in major changes to wild land fire training, firefighting safety standards, and overall awareness of how weather affects fire behavior. ref Maclean, John 20 ... more details
Mount Tamalpais and its surrounding areas in Marin County, California played an important role in the development of mountain biking History mountain biking . In the 1970s, early mountain bikers such as Gary Fisher , Otis Guy, Charlie Kelly businessman Charlie Kelly and Joe Breeze were active. All roads leading to the many trailhead s around Mount Tamalpais are usually open, but during fire season, some of these roads may be closed due to high fire risk. The many roads, paved and unpaved, that cross the Mount Tamalpais region are particularly popular with mountain bikers, especially on weekends, due to magnificent views and sights the mountain offers. Most cyclists usually reach Mount Tamalpais through the towns of Ross, California Ross and Mill Valley, California Mill Valley , although some also use Larkspur, California Larkspur and Kentfield, California Kentfield to approach Mount Tamalpais. Many offroad cyclists often use the Railroad Grade Firebreak fire road , which was once the right of way of the now demolished Mount Tamalpais Scenic Railroad, to ascend Mount Tamalpais. Most healthy bikers can ascend the 2,571 foot 784 m peak in about one afternoon using the various biking roads on Mount Tamalpais. Like other popular mountain biking areas, there has been considerable controversy around trail access on Mount Tamalpais for mountain bikes, both in terms of Mountain biking The Environmental Impacts of Mountain Biking environmental impact and the safety of other trail users. As a result, bicycles have been banned from the majority of narrow, single track trails, though bicycles are still allowed on fire roads. ref http www.calacademy.org calwild 2000spring stories habitats.html Single Track Trail Mix by Gordy Slack, California Wild 53 2, Spring 2000. ref Stage one of the 2007 Tour of California 2007 Amgen Tour of California passed by the southern slopes of Mount Tamalpais. ref http www.amgentourofcalifornia.com Archives 2007 archive stage recaps stage1.html Amgen ... more details
Painted Cave is an unincorporated community located in the Santa Ynez Mountains and is so named due to its proximity to Chumash Painted Cave State Historic Park, California Painted Cave State Historic Park . It is primarily served by Camino Cielo Road and California State Route 154 , which link the community both to the nearby Santa Ynez Valley and Santa Barbara, California . The community is made up of roughly 100 homesteads, plus a large number of outlying settlements. Painted Cave is the highest and largest of the inholdings within the Santa Ynez Mountains, and commands an impressive view on clear days, all seven of the Channel Islands of California Channel Islands can often be seen. The community is primarily composed of irregular lots, and does not, except in the center of the community, conform to any sort of grid. Painted Cave sits atop a rough plateau, and includes the large Laurel Springs Ranch . The local terrain is extremely hilly, and numerous homes along Rim and Lookout roads approach or even overhang sheer cliffs. History Painted Cave arose through gradual construction in the hills above Santa Barbara, with a mixture of rustic cabins and grand retreats, such as Knapp s Castle . The central impetus for development was the linkage of the access road to the Painted Cave SHP Painted Cave Road with Camino Cielo Road . Though there have been many close calls and evacuations, Painted Cave has, as yet, escaped destruction by wildfire, in 1960 the Coyote Fire came closest, the community spared only due to a fortuitous wind shift. The 1990 Painted Cave Fire named for the intersection of 154 and Painted Cave Road, where the arson was committed, not the community primarily moved downslope and did not directly threaten the community, though it did burn outliers. The Gap Fire and Jesusita Fire of 2009 burned close to the area, but the comparative encirclement of Painted Cave by roads which pull double duty as supply lines and firebreak firebreaks makes it a comparat ... more details
Infobox Australian place type town name Torrens Creek state qld image Exchange Hotel Torrens Creek.jpg caption The Exchange Hotel at Torrens Creek lga Shire of Flinders Queensland Shire of Flinders postcode 4816 est pop 64 pop footnotes ref name ABS coordinates coord 20 46 S 145 01 E region AU type city display inline,title latd 20 latm 46 lats 0 longd 145 longm 01 longs 0 pushpin label position elevation maxtemp mintemp rainfall stategov Electoral district of Mount Isa Mount Isa fedgov Division of Kennedy Kennedy dist1 1503 dir1 NW location1 Brisbane dist2 293 dir2 SW location2 Townsville dist3 90 dir3 E location3 Hughenden, Queensland Hughenden Torrens Creek is a locality in northern Queensland , Australia. The town is in the Shire of Flinders Queensland Shire of Flinders and on the Flinders Highway , convert 1503 km mi north west of the state capital, Brisbane and convert 293 km mi west of the regional centre of Townsville . At the 2006 Census in Australia census , Torrens Creek and the surrounding area had a population of 64. ref name ABS Census 2006 AUS id SSC37737 name Torrens Creek Flinders Shire State Suburb accessdate 22 April 2012 quick on ref Torrens Creek State School, now closed, opened in 1891. The town has a hotel pubs in Australia pub and a garage. ref name QldPlaces cite web url http queenslandplaces.com.au flinders shire title Flinders Shire publisher Centre for the Government of Queensland work Queensland Places accessdate 22 April 2012 ref The town is named for the creek that forms part of the headwaters of the Thomson River Queensland Thomson River . ref name QldHol cite web url http www.queenslandholidays.com.au destinations outback places to visit torrens creek index.cfm title Torrens Creek publisher Tourism Queensland work Outback Queensland accessdate 22 April 2012 ref In 1942 a large World War II ammunition dump exploded when a fire lit by American and Australian soldiers to create a firebreak got out of control. A series of 12 explosions r ... more details
career After leaving government service, Jackson became a founder and the president of Firebreak Partners .... ref name firebreak http firebreakpartners.com Security and Technology Investments ref In February ... more details
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