unreferenced date July 2008 expert date June 2010 A forelimb is an anterior front most Limb anatomy limb arm, leg, or similar appendage on an animal s body. When referring to quadruped s four legged animals , the term foreleg is often instead used. The term is not to be confused with the forearm , which refers to a segment of the arm between the Elbow joint elbow and the wrist . The joint between the thoracic limb and the trunk is called the omothoracic junction. Fact date July 2008 It is a form of synsarcosis, which means that it is the union of parts of the skeleton by muscles. See also Equine forelimb anatomy Hind limb Foreleg, cheeks and abomasum animal anatomy stub Category Animal anatomy ... more details
Infobox anatomy Name Equine forelimb anatomy Latin GraySubject GrayPage Image equine dist forelimb bones.png Caption The bones and joints of the Equine forelimb anatomy equine forelimb distal to the wrist or Carpus and tarsus of land vertebrates carpus The fetlock metacarpophalangeal joint is located between the Equine forelimb anatomy Metacarpal bones cannon bone third metacarpal and the Equine forelimb anatomy Metacarpal bones long pastern bone proximal phalanx . The pastern joint proximal interphalangeal joint is located between the long pastern bone and the Equine forelimb anatomy Middle phalanx short pastern bone middle phalanx . The Equine forelimb anatomy Distal phalanx coffin joint distal interphalangeal joint is located between the short pastern bone and the coffin bone distal phalanx . Width 300 Image2 Pastern absorbing shock.jpg Caption2 Shock absorption of the pastern Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber Dorlands DorlandsID The equine forelimb also referred to as the front limb , rostral limb , cephalad limb or thoracic limb of the horse is attached to the trunk of the animal by purely muscular connections the serratus ventralis, trapezius, rhomboideus, latissimus dorsi, brachiocephalicus, subclavius and pectoralis muscles . This is in contrast ... and clavicle bones . During locomotion, the forelimb functions primarily for weight bearing ... over to locomotion, where the forelimb props the weight of the horse, while forward momentum is generated ..., increasing impulsion shifts the horse s weight to the hindquarters. Bones of the distal forelimb Metacarpal bones The equine forelimb contains three metacarpal bones. These are analogous to the bones ... ligament the suspensory ligament of the forelimb. Proximal phalanx The proximal phalanx or long pastern ... or third phalanx coffin bone , is the most distal bone of the forelimb, and lies completely within ... and Physiology The Forelimb http ultimatehorsesite.com info hoof.html The Anatomy of the Equine ... more details
A thoracic limb is a Limb anatomy limb attached to the thorax . It may refer to one of these topics Upper limb , in human anatomy Forelimb , in Zootomy animal anatomy See also Pelvic limb disambiguation disambig ... more details
A hind limb is a Posterior anatomy posterior Limb anatomy limb on an animal . When referring to quadruped s, the term hind leg is often instead used. See also Forelimb anatomy stub Category Animal anatomy Category Lower limb anatomy ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Racine stages are a categorization of epileptic seizures proposed by Ronald J. Racine. Description In the kindling model of epilepsy , the brain receives electrical shocks or chemical injections to induce acute medicine acute seizures . With repetition, these seizures become chronic medicine chronic and generally do not occur spontaneously Vezzani and Hoyer 1999 , creating a useful animal model within which to study epilepsy. The induced seizures are of various strength and character. In 1972, Ronald J. Racine divided these seizures into five categories. ref name PMID4110397 Cite journal author Racine, R. J. title Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation. II. Motor seizure. journal Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology volume 32 issue 3 pages 281 94 year 1972 pmid 4110397 doi 10.1016 0013 4694 72 90177 0 ref Mouth and facial movement Head nodding Forelimb clonus Rearing with forelimb clonus Rearing and falling with forelimb clonus generalized motor convulsions References Reflist Category Epilepsy Neuroscience stub ... more details
The intermembral index is a ratio used to compare limb proportions, expressed as a percentage . ref name Ankel Simons cite book last Ankel Simons first F. title Primate Anatomy edition 3rd publisher Academic Press pages 49 53 year 2007 isbn 0 12 372576 3 ref It is equal to the length of forelimb s humerus plus Radius bone radius divided by the length of the hind limb s femur plus tibia multiplied by 100, ref name Conroy cite book last1 Conroy first1 G.C. title Primate Evolution edition 1st publisher W.W. Norton and Co. location New York year 1990 isbn 978 0393956498 ref otherwise written mathematically as math tfrac humerus radius femur tibia times 100 math It is used frequently in primatology since it helps predict primate Terrestrial locomotion locomotor patterns . For scores lower than 100, the forelimbs are shorter than the hind limbs, which is common in Jumping leaping primates and Bipedalism bipedal hominid s. Quadrupedalism Quadrupedal primates tend to have scores around 100, while Brachiation brachiating primates have scores significantly higher than 100. This information can also be used to predict locomotor patterns for extinct primates in cases where forelimb and hind limb fossil s have been found. ref name Ankel Simons References Reflist Category Primate anatomy ca ndex intermembral el fr Indice intermembral ... more details
Image TrimmedLeg.jpg thumb right 250px Fetlock joint the joint between the cannon bone and the pastern . Fetlock is the common name for the metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joint s MCPJ and MTPJ of horse s, large animals, and sometimes dogs. It is formed by the junction of the third metacarpal forelimb or metatarsal hindlimb bones common name the cannon bone s proximad and the proximal phalanx distad common name the pastern bone . Paired proximal sesamoid bones articulate with the palmar or plantar distal surface of the third metacarpal or metatarsal bones and are rigidly fixed to the proximo palmar plantar edge of the proximal phalanx. The fetlock is a hinge joint ginglymus , allowing flexion and extension kinesiology extension , but minimal rotation , adduction , or Abduction kinesiology abduction . While sometimes the fetlock is colloquially referred to as an ankle, even by horse experts, that terminology is not correct. The fetlock actually is a metacarpophalangeal joint which corresponds to the human upper knuckle , such as that on the ball anatomy ball of the foot. Problems with the Fetlock Windpuff s Sesamoiditis Osselet Etymology and related terminology The word fetlock literally means foot lock and originally referred to the small tuft of hair situated on the rear of the fetlock joint ref name mw http www.merriam webster.com dictionary fetlock Merriam Webster fetlock ref . Feathering horse Feather refers to the particularly long, luxuriant hair growth over the lower leg and fetlock that is characteristic of certain breeds. See also Equine forelimb anatomy Equine anatomy Feathering horse References references Dyce KM, Sack WO, Wensing CJG. Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy 2nd Ed. W.B. Saunders, 1996, p591 Category Horse anatomy fi Vuohinen ... more details
Infobox Bone Name Capitulum of the humerus Latin capitulum humeri GraySubject 51 GrayPage 212 Image Capitulumhumeri.PNG Caption Left humerus. Anterior view. Capitulum visible at bottom right. Image2 HumerusFront.png Caption2 System appendicular skeleton Precursor MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre c 06 DorlandsSuf 12210703 In human anatomy of the arm, the lateral portion of the articular surface of the humerus consists of a smooth, rounded eminence, named the capitulum of the humerus . It articulates with the cupshaped depression on the head of the radius , and is limited to the front and lower part of the bone. In bird s, where forelimb anatomy has adaptation biology adaptation for flight, its functional if not Verify source date August 2007 ontogenetic equivalent is the dorsal condyle of the humerus . Additional images gallery Image Human arm bones diagram.svg Human arm bones diagram gallery External links SUNYAnatomyFigs 07 02 05 BiowebUW APLab Table of Contents Lab 04 Humerus 1 Humerus 1c humerus 1c.html aplab eMedicineDictionary capitulum of humerus Gray s Bones of upper extremity musculoskeletal stub hu Capitulum humeri ro Capitulum th ... more details
Levine s sign is a clenched fist held over the chest to describe ischemic chest pain . ref name pmid8541748 cite journal author Edmondstone WM title Cardiac chest pain does body language help the diagnosis? journal BMJ volume 311 issue 7021 pages 1660 1 year 1995 pmid 8541748 doi url http bmj.com cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 8541748 pmc 2539106 ref As the referred pain associated with ischemia radiates to the area of the left proximal forelimb, the right, unaffected arm is used to produce the gesture. It is named for Samuel A. Levine Dr. Sam Levine who first observed that many patients suffering from chest pain made this same sign to describe their symptoms. This clenched fist signal may be seen in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome myocardial infarction and angina pectoris . References reflist Eponymous medical signs for circulatory and respiratory systems Category Symptoms and signs Cardiac med sign stub pl Objaw Levine a uk ... more details
Infobox rockunit name Unduruh Formation image caption type Geological formation age prilithology otherlithology namedfor namedby region country coordinates unitof subunits underlies overlies thickness extent area map map caption The Unduruh Formation is a Mesozoic geologic Formation geology formation . Dinosaur remains diagnostic to the genus level are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. ref name dinosaurdistribution Weishampel, et al. 2004 . Dinosaur distribution. Pp. 517 607. ref Paleofauna Ambiortus dementjevi Vertebrae and forelimb. ref name table 11 1 214 Table 11.1, in Weishampel, et al. 2004 . Page 214. ref See also List of dinosaur bearing rock formations List of stratigraphic units with few dinosaur genera Footnotes Portal box Earth sciences Paleontology Dinosaurs Reflist References Weishampel, David B. Dodson, Peter and Osm lska, Halszka eds. The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley University of California Press. 861 pp. ISBN 0 520 24209 2. Category Mesozoic geologic formations Category Formations with 1 dinosaur genera geologic formation stub ... more details
in Bat forelimb development but the timing, intensity, and spatial gene expression of some ortholog ... ref Elongation of forelimb One major difference in bat forearms is that their skeletal limb structures are elongated. This elongation of the forelimb skeleton is required to support the wing membrane ... forelimb AER are expanded in comparison to the mouse forelimb, suggesting that expanded expression of fgf8 may contribute to the larger size of the bat forelimb. Because the mouse and bat orthologs are conserved ... developing bat forelimb showing gene expression patterns Simplified diagram showing expanded gene expression domains in developing bat forelimb potentially contributing to the morphological changes ... in reduction of bat skeletal forelimb thickness is differences in SHH dn date March 2012 expression ... more details
italictitle speciesbox name Leptoceratops fossil range Late Cretaceous , Fossil range 66.8 65.5 image Leptoceratops gracilis.jpg image width image caption Leptoceratops gracilis forelimb genus Leptoceratops parent authority Barnum Brown Brown , 1914 species gracilis authority Barnum Brown Brown , 1914 Leptoceratops meaning lean horned face and derived from Ancient Greek Greek lepto meaning small , insignificant , slender , meagre or lean , cerat meaning horn and ops meaning face , ref name Liddell1980 cite book author Henry George Liddell Liddell, Henry George and Robert Scott philologist Robert Scott year 1980 title A Greek English Lexicon Abridged Edition publisher Oxford University Press location United Kingdom isbn 0 19 910207 4 ref is a genus of primitive ceratopsian dinosaur s from the late Cretaceous Period geology Period late Maastrichtian age, 66.8 65.5 Ma ago ref name Holtz2008 Holtz, Thomas R. Jr. 2012 Dinosaurs The Most Complete, Up to Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages, http www.geol.umd.edu tholtz dinoappendix HoltzappendixWinter2011.pdf Winter 2011 Appendix. ref of what is now Western North America , at the same time as their giant relatives of the genus Triceratops . Their skulls have been found in Alberta , Canada and in Wyoming . They could probably stand and run on their hind legs. Analysis of forelimb function indicates that even though they couldn t pronate their hands, they could also walk on four legs. ref Senter, P. 2007 , Analysis of forelimb function in basal ceratopsians. Journal of Zoology 273 305 314. doi 10.1111 j.1469 7998.2007.00329.x ref Leptoceratops was around convert 2 m ft long and could have weighed anywhere between convert 68 to 200 kg lb . Discovery and Species File Leptoceratops BW.jpg thumb left Restoration The first small ceratopsian named, Leptoceratops was discovered in 1910 and described four years later , by Barnum Brown in the Red Deer Valley in Alberta, Canada. The first specimen had a pa ... more details
, raises it in collection, and swings the forelimb foreleg forward. It is well developed for good ... the toe and knee and extends the elbow. See also Muscular system of the horse Equine forelimb ... more details
Italic title Taxobox name Sphenosuchus fossil range Early Jurassic regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Reptile Sauropsida subclassis Diapsida unranked superordo Archosauria superordo Crocodylomorpha subordo Sphenosuchia genus Sphenosuchus binomial Sphenosuchus acutus Sphenosuchus is an extinct genus of sphenosuchia n from the Elliot Formation Early Jurassic of South Africa , discovered and described early in the 20th century. The skull is excellently preserved but other than elements of the forelimb and isolated parts of the hind limb, the Sphenosuchus material is incomplete. It was probably quadrupedal , but may have been a facultative biped . Sphenosuchus was first thoroughly described in 1972 by the British palaeontologist Alick Walker , in a paper in the journal Nature . Walker suggested, based on detailed but still preliminary at that time studies of the skull of Sphenosuchus and modern birds , that crocodylomorphs and birds might share an immediate common ancestor . Walker recanted his hypothesis in 1985, but restated and elaborated on it in essence de recanting in a monograph published in 1990, which provided the most comprehensive description and discussion of Sphenosuchus yet published. Species The type species , Sphenosuchus acutus is the only described species in this genus. References http adsabs.harvard.edu cgi bin nph bib query?bibcode 1990RSPTB.330....1W& db key GEN& data type HTML& format Basal crocodylomorphs Category Jurassic crocodylomorpha Category Terrestrial crocodylomorphs paleo archosaur stub ja zh ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Siren image Siren intermedia 2.jpg image caption Lesser Siren, Siren intermedia regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Amphibia subclassis Lissamphibia ordo Caudata familia Sirenidae genus Siren genus authority Carolus Linnaeus Linnaeus , 1766 Siren is a genus of aquatic Salamander salamanders of the family Sirenidae . The genus consists of two living species , along with one Extinction extinct species from the Eocene Eocene Epoch and three from the Miocene . The two living species have elongate, eel like bodies, with two small Vestigiality vestigial Forelimb forelegs . Species Siren dunni Goin & Auffenberg, 1957? Siren hesterna Herre, 1955? Lesser Siren, Lesser Siren Siren intermedia Barnes, 1826 Greater Siren, Greater Siren Siren lacertina Carolus Linnaeus Linnaeus , 1766 Siren miotexana Holman, 1977? Siren simpsoni Herre, 1955? See also Genus Pseudobranchus , dwarf sirens. References ITIS id 173734 taxon Siren accessdate 26 May 2006 External links wikispecies Siren commonscat Siren eol 42727 salamander stub Category Sirenoidea ca Siren es Siren animal fr Siren la Siren genus nl Siren geslacht pt Siren tr Siren hayvan ... more details
Taxobox name Desmatophoca image Desmatophoca oregonensis.jpg image caption Desmatophoca oregonense fossil range fossilrange Middle Miocene regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Carnivora familia Desmatophocidae genus Desmatophoca genus authority Condon, 1906 subdivision ranks Species subdivision D. brachycephala D. oregonensis Desmatophoca is an extinct genus of pinniped . This poorly known fossil pinniped is a member of the Earless seal true seal like extinct pinniped family, the Desmatophocidae . Unlike modern true seals, it had a tail, although this was relatively short. It had large eyes, and presumably hunted by sight, and its ears do not appear to have been adapted for hearing underwater. ref name EoDP cite book editor Palmer, D. year 1999 title The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals publisher Marshall Editions location London page 227 isbn 1 84028 152 9 ref Desmatophoca oregonensis was one of the first known fossil pinnipeds from the west coast of North America , and it is now known by several skulls, jaws, and forelimb elements from the Oregon coast. It had lost the primitive shearing carnassial s of older pinnipeds like Enaliarctos , which indicates that it was able to feed and ingest fish underwater without having to return to land. References SystematicZoology25 420. reflist Category Prehistoric pinnipeds Category Miocene mammals Category Prehistoric mammals of North America paleo carnivora stub it Desmatophoca ... more details
italictitle Taxobox name Thoatherium status fossil fossil range Early Miocene image Thoatherium crepidatum.JPG image width 250px image caption Thoatherium crepidatum skull regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammalia ordo Litopterna familia Proterotheriidae genus Thoatherium Thoatherium is an extinct genus of litoptern mammal. Image Thoatheriumknight.jpg thumb left Restoration With a length of convert 70 cm ft , the gazelle like Thoatherium was the smallest representative of the order Litopterna . Judging from its long legs, it was a fast runner. Thoatherium had remarkably reduced toes only one horse like claw hoof remained. Thoatherium even lacked Equine forelimb anatomy Metacarpal bones splint bones , which are remnants of the second and fourth toe found in modern horses. Judging from its generalised teeth, Thoatherium fed on soft leaves rather than on tough grasses. ref name EoDP cite book editor Palmer, D. year 1999 title The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals publisher Marshall Editions location London page 247 isbn 1 84028 152 9 ref References reflist paleo mammal stub Category Litopterns portal Paleontology de Thoatherium es Thoatherium it Thoatherium ja ru ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Poling or Rapping is the practice of hitting a horse on the legs as it goes over a jump, to make it think it hit the fence hard due to the pain , so the animal will pick his legs up higher the next time. It is usually performed using a long bamboo stick, which is smacked on the Equine forelimb anatomy Metacarpal bones cannon bone s of the horse. Poling is illegal under International Federation for Equestrian Sports F I rules, as well as under many national rules ref CA PENAL 597g , 1951, http www.animallaw.info statutes stuscacalpencode597g.htm , 09 13 10 ref . Show jumping Show jumpers and hunt seat competitors were the most common users of this technique, as a rail down is often a deciding factor in winning a class. However, the practice is rarely seen today. In popular culture Poling can be seen in a scene of the movie National Velvet film National Velvet , when Mi Taylor hits the Pie on the legs as Velvet rides him over an obstacle in a training session. References Footnotes Reflist colwidth 30em DEFAULTSORT Poling Horse Category Horse training Category Show jumping Category Hunt seat de Barren Reitsport fr Barrage du cheval d obstacles sv Barrering ... more details
Windpuffs US or Windgalls UK are distentions of a tendon sheath, bursa, or joint capsule on a horse s legs, usually on the fetlock . Description Windpuffs usually occur when a horse is young, especially after he begins work, and are a chronic medicine chronic problem often lasting the rest of the animal s life. They are fluid filled sacs that are firm to the touch, almost always soft and are usually found on the fetlock just above the sesamoid bones. Windpuffs should be cool to the touch. ref cite web title Windgalls work The Merck Veterinary Manual year 2006 url http www.merckvetmanual.com mvm index.jsp?cfile htm bc 90740.htm accessdate 2007 07 10 ref If the swelling is hot, it is most likely an acute injury such as one from trauma or a more serious osselet , than a windpuff. Windpuffs tend to increase with size after strenuous work. Concussion irritates the windpuff, causing the area to produce excessive lubrication fluid a natural role of the tendon sheath or bursa . This causes distention of the area, resulting in swelling. Because they are harmless, windpuffs are considered a blemish rather than lameness equine lameness , but do indicate excess strain. This excess strain could develop into arthritis , tendinitis , or bursitis . Conformation that Promotes Windpuffs Windpuffs are especially common in horses with short, upright pastern s due to the excess concussion that type of conformation places on the legs. See also Equine forelimb anatomy References Reflist Category Equine injury and lameness de Galle Tiermedizin pl Opoje veterinary med stub ... more details
Image Handskelett MK1888.png thumb Forelimb skeleton of orang utan, dog, swine, cattle, tapir, and horse Image Tarsalia accessoria.png thumb Accessory tarsal bones of human foot. Os trigonum is number 30. The carpus wrist and Tarsus skeleton tarsus ankle of land vertebrates primitively had three rows of carpal or tarsal bones. Often some of these have become lost or fused in evolution . Three proximal s. In the hand humans has all three. In the foot the middle proximal appears in 5 15 of people as an os trigonum . ref cite web url http orthopedics.about.com cs footanklesurgery g ostrigonum.htm title Os Trigonum publisher About.com first Jonathan last Cluett date August 2003 accessdate December 2009 ref Centrale or os centrale , on the medial side. In humans and our closest relatives the African apes chimpanzees and gorillas it fuses to the scaphoid where it forms the articulation with the trapezoid bone occasionally it stays separate. In Man s foot it is the navicular . Some early land vertebrates had more than one up to three os centrale per hand or foot plural ossa centralia . Distals , one per finger toe at the base of each metacarpal or metatarsal . In mammal s the 4th and 5th fuse. In the horse the 1st is lost. See also Tetrapod Limbs Tetrapod limbs References reflist Category Skeletal system Anatomy stub ... more details
Automatic taxobox fossil range Late Cretaceous authority Pol and Norell, 2004 in paleontology 2004 binomial authority Pol & Norell 2004 subdivision ranks Species subdivision extinct Z. shepardi small Pol and Norell, 2004 Type species type small Zaraasuchus hedgehog crocodile was a Gobiosuchidae gobiosuchid Crocodyliformes crocodyliform described in 2004 by Diego Pol and Mark Norell . It was found in the Red Beds of Zos Canyon, in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia , thus making it Late Cretaceous in age. The type species is Z. shepardi , honouring Dr. Richard Shepard. Material The holotype of Z. shepardi is IGM 100 1321, consisting of the posterior region of the skull and lower jaws with articulation with cervical vertebrae, forelimb elements and osteoderms. Systematics Pol and Norell 2004 found Zaraaduchus shepardi to be the sister taxon of Gobiosuchus Gobiosuchus kielanae , united by 14 synapomorphies, primarily from the skull, forming the family Gobiosuchidae. References Pol, D. & Norell, M. A., 2004 . A new gobiosuchid crocodyliform taxon from the Cretaceous of Mongolia. American Museum Novitates 3458 1 31. External links http diglib1.amnh.org novitates i0003 0082 458 01 0001.pdf Pol & Norell 2004 Basal crocodylomorphs Category Terrestrial crocodylomorphs Category Cretaceous crocodylomorpha paleo archosaur stub pl Zaraasuchus zh ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Infobox rockunit name Yijinholuo Formation image caption type Geological formation age Early Cretaceous prilithology otherlithology namedfor namedby region Asia country coordinates unitof subunits underlies overlies thickness extent area map map caption The Yijinholuo Formation is a geological Formation geology formation in Inner Mongolia , China whose strata date back to the Early Cretaceous . Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. ref name cretaceousdistribution Weishampel, David B et al. 2004 . Dinosaur distribution Early Cretaceous, Asia . In Weishampel, David B. Dodson, Peter and Osm lska, Halszka eds. The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley University of California Press. Pp. 563 570. ISBN 0 520 24209 2. ref Vertebrate paleofauna Otogornis genghisi ref name cretaceousdistribution Shoulder girdle forelimb elements. ref name table 11 1 213 Table 11.1, in Weishampel, et al. 2004 . Page 213. ref See also List of dinosaur bearing rock formations References Portal box Earth sciences Paleontology Dinosaurs Reflist coord missing Inner Mongolia Category Cretaceous paleontological sites of Asia Category Formations with 1 dinosaur genera Category Inner Mongolia Paleo site stub PRChina geo stub ... more details
Automatic taxobox fossil range Early Triassic display parents 2 authority Cheng, 1980 in paleontology 1980 subdivision ranks Species subdivision extinct F. hejiapensis small Cheng, 1980 Type species type small Fugusuchus is an extinct genus of Erythrosuchidae erythrosuchid Archosauriformes archosauriform . It was one of the earliest and most basal phylogenetics basal erythrosuchids. The genus is known from a single fossil from the middle Early Triassic Heshankou Formation in Shanxi , China . The partial skeleton consists of an incomplete skull, parts of the right forelimb, and an Vertebra In other animals intercentrum . ref name PJM92 cite journal last Parrish first J.M. year 1992 title Phylogeny of the Erythrosuchidae journal Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology volume 12 issue 1 pages 93 102 ref The skeleton, known as GMB V 313, is currently in the Geological Museum of China in Beijing . Fugusuchus was a medium sized erythrosuchid. It has a long and relatively low skull, unlike the higher more pointed skulls of related genera such as Erythrosuchus . In Fugusuchus , the tooth row of the upper jaw extends beneath the orbit anatomy orbit , or eye socket. This feature distinguishes it from later erythrosuchids such as Garjainia and Erythrosuchus in which teeth are only present in front of the orbital area. ref name PJM92 References reflist portal Paleontology Category Archosaurs Category Triassic reptiles Category Prehistoric reptiles of Asia paleo archosaur stub zh ... more details
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