fatigue medical fatigue , infections , are a few of the long list of associated symptoms with Fungemia ... Category Abnormal clinical and laboratory findings for blood cs Fung mie es Fungemia pl Fungemia pt Fungemia ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Candida lusitaniae image image width regnum Fungi division Ascomycota phylum Ascomycota subphylum Saccharomycotina classis Saccharomycetes ordo Saccharomycetales familia Saccharomycetaceae genus Candida genus Candida species C. lusitaniae binomial Candida lusitaniae binomial authority synonyms Clavispora lusitaniae Candida lusitaniae is a species of yeast in the genus Candida genus Candida . C. lusitaniae was first identified as a human pathogen in 1979 ref Pappagianis D, Collins MS, Hector R, Remington J. Development of resistance to amphotericin B in Candida lusitaniae infecting a human. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1979 16 123 126. ref . C. lusitaniae was initially described as a rare cause of fungemia, with fewer than 30 cases reported between 1979 and 1990. However, there has been a marked increase in the number of recognized cases of candidemia due to this organism in the last two decades. Bone marrow transplantation and high dose cytoreductive chemotherapy have both been identified as risk factors for infections with this organism ref Wingard JR. Importance of Candida species other than C. albicans as pathogens in oncology patients. Clin Infect Dis 1995 20 115 125. ref . These patients are often neutropenic for extended periods of time, leaving them susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections, including Candidal infections. Some investigators have theorized that the widespread use of Amphotericin B empiric antifungal therapy selects for infections with Candida lusitaniae ref Krcmery V, Barnes AJ. Non albicans Candida spp. causing fungaemia pathogenicity and antifungal resistance. J Hosp Infect. 2002 Apr 50 4 243 60. ref . References reflist External links http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Taxonomy Browser wwwtax.cgi?mode Info&id 36911&lvl 3&lin f&keep 1&srchmode 1&unlock C. lusitaniae at NCBI Taxonomy browser DEFAULTSORT Candida Lusitaniae Category Yeasts Category Candida lusitaniae yeast stub ... more details
Taxobox name Candida krusei regnum Fungi phylum Ascomycota subphylum Saccharomycotina classis Saccharomycetes ordo Saccharomycetales familia Saccharomycetaceae genus Candida genus Candida species C. krusei binomial Candida krusei binomial authority Castellani Christine Marie Berkhout Berkhout italic title Candida krusei is a budding yeast a species of fungus involved in chocolate production. Candida krusei is an emerging fungal nosocomial pathogen primarily found in the immunocompromised and those with hematological malignancies. It has natural resistance to fluconazole , a standard antifungal agent. It is most often found in patients who have had prior fluconazole exposure, sparking debate and conflicting evidence as to whether fluconazole should be used prophylactically. Mortality due to C. krusei fungemia is much higher than the more common C. albicans . Other Candida fungus Candida species that also fit this profile are C. parapsilosis , C. glabrata , C. tropicalis , C. guillermondii and C. rugosa . Candida krusei can be successfully treated with voriconazole , amphotericin B , and the echinocandins micafungin , caspofungin , and anidulafungin . Role in chocolate production Cacao beans have to be Fermentation food fermented to remove the bitter taste and break them down. This takes place with two fungi, C. krusei , and Geotrichum . Most of the time, the two fungi are already present on the fruit seed pods and seed s of the cacao plant, but in modern chocolate making, specific strains are used. Each chocolate company uses its own strains, which have been selected to provide optimum flavor and aroma to the chocolate. The yeasts reproduce every few hours, and soon there are thousands of individual yeast cell biology cells in a small area, which produce enzymes to break down the pulp on the outside of the beans. This makes acetic acid , killing the cacao embryo inside the seed, developing a chocolatey aroma and eliminating the bitterness in the beans. References Hau ... more details
Drugbox Verifiedfields changed verifiedrevid 447746895 image Monoclonal antibody data type mab mab type scFv source u target fungal Hsp90 Clinical data tradename pregnancy AU pregnancy US pregnancy category legal AU legal CA legal UK legal US legal status routes of administration Intravenous therapy Intravenous Pharmacokinetic data bioavailability Not applicable intravenous IV only protein bound High metabolism elimination half life 1 2 hours excretion Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite changed chemspider ChemSpiderID NA CAS number Ref cascite correct ?? CAS number ATC prefix none ATC suffix PubChem DrugBank Ref drugbankcite correct drugbank DrugBank UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII BM86P708HW Chemical data chemical formula molecular weight Approximately 27.2 kDa Efungumab trade name Mycograb is a pharmaceutical drug drug developed by NeuTec Pharma a subsidiary of Novartis , intended to treat fungemia invasive candidiasis Candida infection in combination with amphotericin B . The European Medicines Agency has twice refused to grant marketing authorization for Mycograb, citing product safety and quality issues. ref European Medicines Agency 2007 . PDFlink http www.emea.europa.eu humandocs PDFs EPAR mycograb H 658 RAR en.pdf REFUSAL CHMP ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR MYCOGRAB. Procedure No. EMEA H C 658 370 Kibibyte KiB application pdf, 379711 bytes . London European Medicines Agency. Retrieved on 2007 11 20. Detailed assessment report with comprehensive overview of reasons for refusal of marketing authorization. ref Chemically, efungumab is a single chain variable fragment of a human monoclonal antibody . ref name WHOList95 cite journal author World Health Organization title International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances INN . Proposed INN List 95 journal WHO Drug Information volume 20 issue 2 year 2006 pages 48 url http whqlibdoc.who.int druginfo 20 2 2006 INN95.pdf format PDF ref As such, it potentially act similarly to an IgA inhibiting by ... more details
pmid 2302983 doi 10.1007 BF01536771 ref Human disease Some cases of fungemia have been reported, especially ... supplements for the treatment of Clostridium difficile colitis, can possibly cause fungemia ... fungemia an emerging infectious disease journal Clin. Infect. Dis. volume 40 issue 11 pages ... more details
Italic title Taxobox name Candida albicans image Candida albicans 2.jpg image width 250px regnum Fungi division Ascomycota phylum Ascomycota subphylum Saccharomycotina classis Saccharomycetes ordo Saccharomycetales familia Saccharomycetaceae genus Candida genus Candida species C. albicans binomial Candida albicans binomial authority C.P. Robin br Christine Marie Berkhout Berkhout 1923 synonyms Candida stellatoidea ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Taxonomy Browser wwwtax.cgi?mode Info&id 5476&lvl 3&lin f&keep 1&srchmode 1&unlock Candida albicans at NCBI Taxonomy browser , url accessed 2006 12 26 ref Oidium albicans ref Factors Affecting the Morphology of Candida Albicans Dan Otho McClary Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , Vol. 39 , No. 2 May, 1952 , pp. 137 164. doi 10.2307 2394509 ref Candida albicans is a diploid fungus that grows both as yeast and hypha filamentous cells and a causal agent of Opportunistic infection opportunistic Wiktionary oral oral and genital infections in humans. ref name Sherris cite book author Ryan KJ, Ray CG editors title Sherris Medical Microbiology edition 4th publisher McGraw Hill year 2004 isbn 0 8385 8529 9 ref ref name Enfert cite book author dEnfert C Hube B editors title Candida Comparative and Functional Genomics publisher Caister Academic Press year 2007 isbn 9781904455134 ref Systemic fungal infections fungemia s including those by C. albicans have emerged as important causes of morbidity and death mortality in Immunodeficiency immunocompromise d patients e.g., AIDS , cancer chemotherapy , organ or bone marrow transplantation . C. albicans biofilms may form on the surface of implantable medical devices. In addition, Nosocomial infection hospital acquired infections by C. albicans have become a cause of major health concerns. C. albicans is commensal and a constituent of the normal gut flora comprising microorganisms that live in the human mouth and gastrointestinal tract . C. albicans lives in 80 of the human population with ... more details
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