A genecassette is broadly a modular DNA sequence encoding one or more genes for a single biochemical function. In genetic engineering , a genecassette refers to a manipulable fragment of DNA carrying, and capable of expressing, one or more genes of interest between one or more sets of restriction sites . It can be transferred from one DNA sequence usually on a Plasmid Vectors vector to another by cutting the fragment out using restriction enzymes and pasting it back into the new context. Integrons are genetic structures in bacteria which express and are capable of acquiring and exchanging gene cassettes . These cassettes typically carry a single gene without a promoter biology promoter . The entire series of cassettes is transcription genetics transcribed from an adjacent promoter. The gene cassettes are speculated to be inserted and excised via a Circular DNA circular intermediate. This would involve recombination between short sequences found at their termini and known as 59 base elements 59 be which may not be 59 bases long. The 59 be are a diverse family of sequences that function as recognition sites for the site specific integrase enzyme responsible for integrating the genecassette into an integron . Gene cassettes often carry antibiotic resistance gene s. An example would be the kanMX cassette which confers kanamycin an antibiotic resistance upon bacteria or fungi . How these cassettes are initially created is not clear. In the case of the ATP binding cassette transporter , the cassette is made of the Q loop , his loop , pro loop and the D loop . STOP Cassette integrates a stop codon References Stokes, H.W. et al., Structure and function of 59 base element recombination sites associated with mobile gene cassettes. Mol Microbiol. 1997 Nov 26 4 731 45. http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov entrez query.fcgi?cmd Retrieve&db PubMed&list uids 9427403&dopt Abstract Partridge S, Tsafnat G, Coiera E, Iredell J. Gene cassettes and cassette arrays in mobile resistance integrons ... more details
wiktionary casete casette cassetteCassette may refer to In general, a small Cartridge disambiguation Cartridge . linked as near synonym ref name usage foot In practice, there is a large amount of overlap between the two terms, and the term chosen may be somewhat arbitrary. ref It may refer specifically to Compact Cassette , a worldwide standard for analog audio recording and playback, also known as audio cassette , cassette tape , or tape Digital Audio Tape or DAT , a digital audio cassette tape format, mainly used by professionals Digital Compact Cassette or DCC , a short lived digital audio cassette format aimed at domestic users Videocassette , a cassette containing videotape, for use in VCRs Data cassette , magnetic tape in plastic housing Album Public Image Ltd album Album Public Image Ltd album , a 1986 Public Image Ltd album called Cassette on certain editions Cassette hub Cassette , a set of multiple sprockets on a bicycle Cassette New Zealand band , a band from New Zealand Cassette South African band , a band from South Africa. They won the South African Music Award SAMA for best rock album 2007 Genecassette , a term used to describe certain vectors that are normally used to confer a selectable marker on an organism See also Cassette single , a music single in the form of a Compact Cassette Footnotes references disambiguation cs Kazeta de Kassette fr Cassette id Kaset lv Kasete nl Cassette pl Kaseta ru simple Cassette sk Kazeta sv Kassett uk ... more details
Third party date March 2012 Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name On Cassette image caption background group or band origin Orlando, FL , United States genre Indie Rock years active 2004 2006 label Post Records associated acts Matt Butcher , Hurrah, The Heathens , Mumpsy website http myspace.com oncassette current members past members Matt Butcher br Chris Rae br James Valent On Cassette were an indie rock band formed in Orlando, FL in 2004. They released a self titled 7 on Post Records , and later self released a posthumous Thanks EP containing the first 7 as well as an unreleased EP and demos. The band later disbanded in 2006. Post Breakup After disbanding in 2006, Matt Butcher and Chris Rae continued with The Heathens until 2007. Matt Butcher then followed with The Revolvers which later fused into his own solo career. To date, he has released two critically acclaimed solo albums. Chris Rae later went on to play bass in Mumpsy until 2010. He currently lives in Colorado with his wife. James Valent is currently working on an as yet named solo project, and currently lives in San Diego, CA . Discography s t 7 2005 Thanks EP 2009 External Links http www.myspace.com oncassette http www2.orlandoweekly.com music story.asp?id 4578 http articles.orlandosentinel.com 2006 02 10 entertainment ABBOTT10 1 bob dylan valent dylan fan Category American indie rock groups Category Musical groups from Orlando, Florida ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 An expression cassette is a part of a vector DNA used for cloning and Transformation genetics transformation . In each successful transformation, the expression cassette directs the cell s machinery to make RNA and protein. Some expression cassettes are designed for modular cloning of protein encoding sequences so that the same cassette can easily be altered to make different proteins. Is made up of one or more gene s and the sequences controlling their Gene expression expression . Three components comprise an expression cassette a Promoter biology promoter sequence, an open reading frame , and a 3 untranslated region that, in eukaryotes, usually contains a polyadenylation site. Different expression cassettes can be transformed into different organisms including bacteria, yeast, plants, and mammalian cells as long as the correct regulatory sequences are used. DEFAULTSORT Expression Cassette Category Genetics Biochem stub de Expressionskassette ... more details
Context date October 2009 Genetic manipulation mostly involves inserting a foreign piece of DNA into the genome of the manipulated organism. The means to do this is mostly a small piece of circular DNA called plasmid or vector. Creating these vectors in the lab by classical means restriction enzyme cutting and ligase ligation of the required dna by enzymatic reactions is labor intensive time consuming and not suited for high throughput cloning. A means to solve this issue is by the Gateway cloning system which will perform all the needed cutting and ligation in one fast and accurate biochemical reaction, named site specific recombination. Details The Gateway Technology provides a quick and highly efficient way to move genes into a multiple vector system for functional analysis and protein expression Invitrogen, Gateway Technology Manual, 2003 . The Gateway Cassette GW is a unique sequence, which is Clone genetics cloned into a destination plasmid , whereas the desired gene is cloned into the entry vector. The gene in the entry plasmid which possesses kanamycin or zeocin resistance is flanked by attL sites, whereas the Gateway cassette in the destination plasmid which possesses ampicillin resistancy is flanked by attR sites. These sites will recombine and exchange the sequences within the attL and attR sites if clonase is added LR reaction Invitrogen, Gateway Technology Manual, 2003 . Following the LR reaction protocol between the entry and the destination vectors, the desired gene is inserted in place of the Gateway cassette. The Gateway cassette also contains a chloramphenicol resistance gene. During the LR reaction, the chloramphenicol resistance gene is replaced by the desired gene, which makes it possible to counterselect the resulting destination clone with chloramphenicol correct destination clones will not be chloramphenical resistant but only ampicillin resistant . A big advantage of this technology is that it allows putting the gene of interest from the ent ... more details
refimprove date May 2011 Infobox media name Cassette single logo Image Cassette single logo.svg 130px Cassette Single trademark logo image caption Two U.S. cassette singles and their cardboard slipcases ... extended from extended to A cassette single CS , also known by the trademark Cassingle or capitalized as the trademark Cassette Single is a single music music single in the form of a Compact Cassette . History Image Wintertape.jpg thumb Insert from the Winter cassette single by Tori Amos . Like many British cassette singles, it was sold in a regular cassette box with a paper insert American record companies began releasing cassette singles on a large scale in 1987, when vinyl record album sales were declining in favor of cassette recordings the cassette single was meant to replace the 45 record in a similar way. ref name nyt cite news first Jon last Pareles authorlink Jon Pareles title Cassette Singles New 45 s url http www.nytimes.com 1987 09 02 arts cassette singles new 45 s.html work ... Bow Wow Wow s C30, C60, C90, Go was released on cassette in the U.K. in 1980, ref cite news url http ... in the U.S. in 1982. ref name nyt The first cassette single in the United Kingdom was released in 1978 ... in unique versions on cassette. Packaging File Modern Cassette Single in O Case.png thumb A modern cassette ... and does not have an insert Originally, most cassette singles were released in a cardboard sleeve ... sides. In some markets, cassette singles generally used the same packaging as standard cassettes, a plastic box with a paper insert. As the cassette maxi single was released, more intricate packaging was incorporated that looked similar to the packaging of a regular cassette release. These were placed in regular plastic cassette cases with a paper cardstock insert. Unlike a full length cassette ... different songs. Popularity Although the cassette had reached a high level of popularity by the late ... cassette players, cassette singles never eclipsed gramophone records to the same extent as cassette ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2009 Notability date April 2009 A line of portable compact cassette recorder s manufactured by Sony . The first Cassette corder model was the TC 100 in 1966. Category Audio players Category Sony products ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A cassette demagnetizer is a device that removes the magnetism magnetic field that is built up from the use of Compact audio cassette audio cassettes in a cassette deck . Image Head Demagnetizer.JPG thumb right 300px A Maxell cassette type demagnetizer. Over time, the passage of magnetically charged cassette tape over the metallic parts of the tape deck will impart a magnetic polarity that can impair the ability of subsequent tapes to record accurately. Cassette demagnetizers sometimes known as degaussing degaussers were developed to remove this polarity. Cassette demagnetizers of the cassette type physically resemble a cassette tape shell but contain electronics circuitry to demagnetize the tape head s of the tape deck. Another type of demagnetizer, the wand type can demagnetize anything that it is brought into contact with, including the tape heads and capstan tape recorder capstans . Nakamichi manufactured a wand type demagnetizer in the 1980s. This design had the advantage that it could be used to demagnetize other metal parts of the tape path not just the actual record playback heads however it required careful use to avoid increasing the magnetization of the heads and if used too close to actual cassette tapes could inadvertently act as a bulk eraser . Demagnetizers contain electronic circuitry and require a power source either a battery electricity battery or a power cord. A third design consisted of a cassette shell with a head cleaning tape wound on the spools and a disc shaped magnet mounted above the head cleaner tape such that when the play button was activated the head cleaner physically cleaned the head surface and simultaneously made the magnet rotate, creating the alternating magnetic field required for demagnetizing. Some cassette deck manufacturers even produced decks with a self demagnetise button. These worked by feeding ... over a few seconds. DEFAULTSORT Cassette Demagnetizer Category Audio storage ... more details
A cassette magazine is a publication contained entirely on computer readable media, specifically on compact cassettecassette . Its content consists of some combination of text, graphics, multimedia, and executable programs, and it is normally specific to one particular computer platform or operating system. The successor to the cassette magazine was the disk magazine . Early home and hobby users of personal computers in the late 1970s and early 1980s sometimes typed in programs, usually in the BASIC language, which were published in the computer magazines of the time. This was a lot of work, and prone to error, so the idea of publishing a magazine directly on a computer readable medium so that the programs could be run directly without typing came independently to several people. Some ideas of putting bar codes into paper magazines, which could be read into a computer with the appropriate peripheral, were floated at the time, but never caught on. Since the common data storage medium of the earliest home computers was the audio cassette, the first magazine published on a physical computer medium was cassette magazine CLOAD magazine, for the Radio Shack TRS 80 computer, began publication in 1978, named after the command to load a program from cassette on that computer system. CLOAD was not the first electronic periodical, however, because various ARPANET digests had been published as text files sent around the network since the early 1970s. These, however, were pure ASCII text and hence were not cassette magazines or disk magazine s by the current definition. Also, at the time, few people outside of academic institutions had access to this forerunner of the Internet . Cassette Magazine is also a monthly music mag based in Birmingham See also Disk magazine s Category Cassette magazines Cassette magazine Category Music magazines Category Magazines by medium es Casete magazine ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced December 2009 orphan February 2009 notability October 2008 Loran was the brand name of a blank compact audio cassette marketed throughout the 1970s and 1980s and manufactured by Loran Cassettes & Audio Products, Inc, a division of Loranger Manufacturing Corporation . Image Loran cassette.jpg thumbnail 310px A Loran cassette Unlike most other brands of cassettes at the time, which were made of more conventional formulations of plastic, Loran cassettes were exceptional in that the cassette s housing was made of Lexan thermoplastic , which has much more resistance to extreme heat. Lexan was chosen by Loran to provide a blank cassette that was more suited for use in the fluctuating temperatures of automotive environments, especially a car s interior during hot summer days, which could easily warp a conventional cassette s housing. Also, the tabs covering the write protect notches of Loran cassettes were built in plastic mechanisms that would open or close the notch by turning the mechanism with a small flat blade screwdriver or a fingernail, as opposed to the write protect tabs of other cassettes which were broken out instead, as the hardness of the Lexan would ve made this very difficult for the average user to accomplish. DEFAULTSORT Loran Cassette Category Audio storage Tech stub ... more details
Infobox media name Steno Cassette logo image Image Diktierkassette 01 KMJ.jpg 220px caption The Steno Cassette can be distinguished from other formats by its integrated tape counter type magnetic tape encoding analog signal capacity 30 min read tape head write tape head standard DIN 32750 owner Grundig use stenography extended from 1971 extended to The Steno Cassette is an analog cassette format for dictation exercise dictation , introduced by Grundig in 1971. ref http www.grundig gbs.de index.php?option com content&task view&id 70&Itemid 82&lang en Home Grundig Business Systems GmbH Bot generated title ref It gained widespread use in Germany , where it was established as a Deutsches Institut f r Normung DIN Standardization standard DIN 32750 in 1985. It is easily distinguished from other dictation cassette formats such as the Microcassette by the integrated tape counter index, showing the amount of tape available. External links http www.grundig gbs.com Grundig Global Business Systems Audio format References reflist Category Audio storage Category 1971 introductions electronics stub ru Steno Cassette ... more details
Infobox media name Mini Cassette logo File Mini Cassette logo.svg image caption type magnetic tape encoding analog signal capacity 30 minutes read tape head write magnetic recording head standard owner Philips use dictation extended from extended to Image SONY BM 610 commons.jpg thumb A Sony Mini Cassette dictation recorder. The Mini Cassette , often written minicassette , is a audio format tape cassette format introduced by Philips in 1967. It is used primarily in dictation machines and was also employed as a data storage for the Philips P2000 home computer. Unlike the Compact Cassette , also designed by Philips, and the later Microcassette , introduced by Olympus Corporation Olympus , the Mini Cassette does not use a Capstan tape recorder capstan drive system instead, the tape is propelled past the tape head by the reels. ref http home.comcast.net trafficgard Micro mini cassette.htm ref This is mechanically simple and allows the cassette to be made smaller and easier to use, but produces a system unsuited to any task other than voice recording, as the tape speed is not constant averaging 2.4 cm s and prone to Wow recording wow and Flutter electronics and communication flutter . However, the lack of a capstan and a pinch roller drive means that the tape is well suited to being repeatedly shuttled forward and backward short distances as compared to microcassettes, leading to the Mini Cassette s continuing use in the niche market s of dictation and Transcription linguistics transcription , where fidelity is not critical, but robustness of storage is, and where analog media ... mediarepository pi2 ref Image Micro mini cassette.jpg thumb Microcassette L and Mini Cassette R A smaller version of the Mini Cassette was later introduced that could be used in a standard player using an adaptor however, this did not become widespread. A very similar but incompatible cassette format was produced by Hewlett Packard and Verbatim the HP82176A Mini Data Cassette for data storage in their HP82161A ... more details
Cassettes of varying tape quality and playing time Cassette culture , or the cassette underground ... Factors Several factors led to the rise of cassette culture. The development of the cassette ... cassette decks in the late 1970s allowed participants produce high quality copies of their music ... cassette recorders developed by Tascam and Fostex allowed artists to record and get a reasonable ... cassette only radio shows that showcased and promoted the work of home recording artists ref ... Kingdom UK cassette culture was at its peak in what is known as the post punk period, 1978 1984. UK cassette culture was championed by marginal musicians and performers such as Barry Lamb ... to release on cassette compilations, or to continue to do cassette only album releases of live recordings, work in progress material, etc. after they had started releasing records. Cassette culture ..., launched their own cassette culture features, in which new releases would be briefly reviewed and ordering ... an article about the significance of cassette culture in the UK and listing 21 rare but sought after cassette releases. United States In the US, cassette culture activity extended through the late ... had access to copying equipment such as the portable tape to tape cassette players that first became ... that existed around this scene. Therefore cassette culture was an ideal and very democratic ... in cassette culture music that was more imaginative, challenging, beautiful, and groundbreaking than output released on vinyl. In the United States, Cassette Culture was associated with DIY sound collage , riot grrrl , and punk music and blossomed across the country on cassette labels like http www.sonic.net lfmusic LADD FRITH.html Ladd Frith Psyclones , Tellus Audio Cassette Magazine , Swinging ... available only on cassette throughout the late 80s and well into the 90s. A notable pioneer of cassette ... Moore Cassette Club , has been releasing DIY, home recorded music steadily since the 1970s. Moore ... more details
Citations missing date March 2007 File SONY NT 2.jpg thumb NT cassette Player Image NT cassette.jpg thumb Comparison with a 2 Euro coin. File Minimedia.jpg thumb NT cassette compared to various memory cards File Various Media.jpg thumb NT cassette compared to various recording media NT was a digital memo recording system introduced by Sony in 1992, sometimes marketed under the name Scoopman . The system stored memos using helical scan ning on special microcassette s, which were 30 × 21.5 × 5 mm with a tape width of 2.5 mm, with a recording capacity of up to 120 minutes. The Scoopmen media comes in three forms The Sony NTC 60, 90, and 120, each describing the length of time in minutes the media could record. NT stands for Non Tracking , meaning the head moves at a shallower slope to that of the tracks on the tape, crossing several during each pass, albeit only reading partial data from each one. By making several different passes it is possible to reassemble the complete data for each track, in memory. This considerably reduced the complexity and size of the head, and therefore the recorder. Another feature was Non Loading , which meant instead of having a mechanism to pull the tape out of the cassette and wrap it around the drum, the drum was pushed inside the cassette to achieve the same effect. Audio sampling was in stereo at 32 kHz 12 bit and encoded using a form of Linear delta modulation linear delta modulation called LDM 2. See also Digital Audio Tape DAT Audio format DEFAULTSORT Nt Cassette Category Digital electronics Category Sony products Category 1992 introductions de NT Cassette ja ... more details
Infobox musical artist name Cassette Kids background group or band image caption alias origin Sydney, New South Wales , Australia genre Indie rock years active 2007&ndash present label Sony BMG associated acts website www.myspace.com cassettekids current members Daniel Schober br Jacob Read Harber br Daniel Deitz br Katrina Noorbergen past members Cassette Kids are a Sydney based band formed in 2007. ref name timeout http www.timeoutsydney.com.au music cassette kids.aspx Time Out Sydney Cassette Kids ref They won the Unearthed talent contest Unearthed Sydney 2008 Big Day Out competition ref http www.triplejunearthed.com Artists FeaturedArtist.aspx?artistid 6736 Triple J Unearthed Featured Artist ref and were nominated for a 2008 Unearthed J Award . ref http www.abc.net.au triplej jawards cassette kids.htm Triple J J Awards 2008 ref Their song You Take It was a Triple J s Ausmusic Month featured track ref http www.abc.net.au triplej events ausmusicmonth 08 next crop cassette kids.htm Triple J Next Crop interview ref and had a video made for it which has appeared on Channel V Australia Channel V , MTV Australia MTV and Rage TV program rage . ref Citation last first author link publication ... Cassette Kids ref as well as British pop singer Lily Allen , ref http www.accessallareas.net.au music ... Cassette Kids Oxford Art Factory Sydney 211207 ref In October 2009, Cassette Kids released the single ... Previously named Casa Del Disco , the band changed their name to Cassette Kids because every member of the band was born in the 80 s and could all remember the first cassette they ever got, but couldn t remember their first CD. ref http www.accessallareas.net.au artists Cassette Kids.php ... References reflist External links http www.threedworld.com.au music features 2008 Cassette Kids Tape It To The Limit three d world Cassette Kids Tape It To The Limit http scenemagazine.com.au pages interviews ... com content&view article&id 362 cassette kids&catid 11 features&Itemid 29 Time Off Play and record ... more details
refimprove date April 2010 File Sony TC RX55 cassette deck.jpg thumb right 300px A typical front loading consumer autoreverse hi fi cassette deck from late 1980s Sony TC RX55 , featuring full electronic transport, Dolby B and C noise reduction, and HXPro dynamic headroom expansion A cassette deck is a type of tape recorder for playing or recording audio compact cassette s. A deck was formerly distinguished ... right A typical portable desktop cassette recorder from RadioShack . The concept of a tape deck that used ... the concept viable. The compact cassette a Philips trademark was introduced by the Philips Corporation ... to the point where a cassette deck with manual level controls and VU meter s became a standard ... widely available, many users would Dubbing music dub songs from their vinyl record or cassette collections ... , the first high fidelity cassette deck. ref http www.davidreaton.com Cassette Decks.htm Advent cassette ... mechanisms. Image TeacTopCassetteDeck.jpg thumb left px250 Typical Teac top loading stereo cassette ... to the next standard format in the late 1970s, which settled on front loading see main picture with cassette well on one side, dual VU meters on the other, and later a dual cassette format with meters ... and count gaps between songs. Cassette players pioneered the modern set of control buttons play ... depressed until stopped. Widespread use Cassette decks soon came into widespread use and were ... as portable recorders. From the mid 1970s to the late 1990s the cassette deck was the preferred ... advantages of smaller physical size and fast forward rewind capability. A major boost to the cassette s popularity came with the release of the Sony Walkman personal cassette player in 1979, designed ... with this type of device. Cassette decks were eventually manufactured by almost every well known brand .... Performance and convenience improvements Cassette decks reached their pinnacle of performance and complexity by the mid 1980s. Cassette decks from companies such as Nakamichi , Revox , and Tandberg ... more details
Spoken Wikipedia En Compact Cassette.ogg Start date 2011 05 23 Infobox storage medium name Compact Cassette logo File Compact Cassette Logo.svg Compact Cassette logo image File tdkc60cassette.jpg 250px caption A TDK D C60 cassette, a common speech quality tape with a 60 minute playing time, in a housing similar to that of the original Compact Cassette specification type Magnetic tape encoding Analog ... Cassette , also called audio cassette , cassette tape , cassette , or simply tape , is a magnetic ... , but improvements in High fidelity fidelity led the Compact Cassette to supplant the 8 ... 1970s and the late 1990s, the cassette was one of the two most common formats for prerecorded music ... flipping the cassette or by having the machine itself change the direction of tape movement ... recording and reproducing systems chapter Part 7 Cassette for commercial tape records and domestic ... portable cassette recorders from Philips, the Typ EL 3302 1968 In 1935, decades before the introduction of the Compact Cassette, AEG released the first reel to reel tape recorder in German ... date accessdate 2010 08 20 ref It was a cassette, big 5 x 7 , but offered few pre recorded tapes despite multiple versions, it failed. In 1962 Philips invented the compact audio cassette medium ... Group, 2003, p.506 ref ref Cite journal date November 4, 1967 title Cassette Rampage Forecast ... under the Norelco brand in November 1964, with the trademark name Compact Cassette . Although there were other magnetic tape cartridge systems, the Compact Cassette became dominant as a result of Philips ... tape and kept improving. ref name Daniel The Compact Cassette went on to become a popular and Sound ..., the cassette s popularity grew further as a result of portable pocket recorders and high fidelity hi fi players, such as Sony s Walkman 1979 , which used a body not much larger than the cassette ... 10 was even smaller than the cassette itself and expanded to hold and play a cassette. ref Tim Jarman ... more details
Infobox VG title Cassette 50 image Image Cassette50.jpg developer Various publisher Cascade Games Ltd designer engine released 1983 in video gaming 1983 genre Compilation games Compilation modes Single player platforms Acorn Electron , Apple II , Amstrad CPC , Atari 8 bit , BBC Micro , Commodore 64 , Dragon 32 , Oric 1 , Oric Atmos , Vic 20 , ZX81 , ZX Spectrum media Compact audio cassetteCassette requirements input Computer keyboard keyboard , joystick Cassette 50 in Spain released as Galaxy 50 50 Excitantes Juegos was a compilation of games published by Cascade Games Ltd. The compilation included a Timex Group USA Timex digital calculator watch . According to the instructions, the games will provide many hours of entertainment for all the family at a fraction of the cost of other computer games . ref ftp ftp.worldofspectrum.org pub sinclair games info c Cassette50.txt Cassette 50 inlay text ref The games were universally considered awful. ref http www.rewindmag.co.uk issue1 features cassette50 1.php Rewind Issue 1 Cassette 50 III ref In an interview, Matthew Lewis, the author of Galaxy Defence , said he wrote the game when he was 14 and submitted it in response to a small, anonymous ad in a local newspaper. He was paid 10 for his game, but he had to give up all copyright rights .... ref http pixelatron.com blog cassette 50 the interview Cassette 50 the interview pixeltron ref Content ... meaning only 48 games actually appeared on the cassette. ZX Spectrum Multicol Alien Alien Attack Attacker ... issue1 features cassette50 1.php Rewind Issue 1 Cassette 50 III ref beyond awful , ref http www.peejays ... articles 2006 08 10 somewhere beyond cassette 50 TIGSource Somewhere Beyond Cassette 50 ... Somewhere beyond Cassette 50 ref See also Don t Buy This Another infamous collection of poor ZX ... of 52 games on a single NES cartridge, in a similar spirit to Cassette 50 and with similarly poor reception ... id 0011218 moby game id cassette 50 name Cassette 50 Category 1983 video games Category Video game ... more details
refimprove date November 2011 History of Ukraine The Cassette Scandal lang uk , also known as Tapegate and Kuchmagate , erupting in 2000, was one of the main political events in Ukraine s post independence history. It has dramatically affected the country s domestic and foreign policy, changing Ukraine s orientation at the time from the Western world West to Russia and damaging the career of Leonid Kuchma . The scandal started on 28 November 2000, in Kiev , when Ukrainian politician Oleksandr Moroz publicly accused President Kuchma of involvement in the kidnapping abduction of journalist Georgiy Gongadze and numerous other crimes. Moroz named Kuchma s former bodyguard , Major Mykola Melnychenko , as the source. He also played selected recordings of the President s secret conversations for journalists, supposedly confirming Kuchma s order to kidnap Gongadze. That and hundreds of other conversations were later published worldwide by Melnychenko. Journalists nicknamed the case after the compact audio cassette used by Moroz. Mel nychenko himself was supposedly using digital equipment, not cassettes, for recording in the President s office. Immediate consequences The described events provoked a crisis, with mass protests in Kiev from 15 December 2000 to 9 March 2001. Opposition started a campaign of non violent resistance called UBK Ukraine without Kuchma , demanding Kuchma s resignation. Despite economic growth in the country, President Kuchma s public approval ratings fell below 9 . 2002 2003 In 2002, the governments of United States and other countries became more deeply involved after one of the recordings revealed the alleged transfer of a sophisticated Ukrainian defence system Kolchuga Radar Kol chuha to Saddam Hussein s Ba athist Iraq Iraq . As a result, Leonid Kuchma was boycott ed by Western governments for a time. In particular, he experienced an offensive diplomatic demarche when visiting the North Atlantic Treaty Organization summit that took ... more details
yes style float right background none File Gene.png thumb 270px This stylistic diagram shows a gene ... the protein . This diagram labels a region of only 50 or so bases as a gene. In reality, most genes are hundreds of times larger. A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism . It is a name ... working definition of a gene is a Locus genetics locatable region of genome genomic sequence, corresponding ... Genetics what is a gene? journal Nature volume 441 issue 7092 pages 398 401 year 2006 pmid 16724031 ... Rethink of What It Means to Be a Gene journal Science volume 316 issue 5831 pages 1556 1557 year 2007 doi 10.1126 science.316.5831.1556 pmid 17569836 ref Colloquial usage of the term gene e.g. good genes , hair color gene may actually refer to an allele a gene is the basic instruction a sequence of nucleic acids DNA or, in the case of certain virus es RNA , while an allele is one variant of that gene. Referring to having a gene for a trait is no longer the scientifically accepted usage. In most cases, all people would have a gene for the trait in question, but certain people will have a specific allele of that gene, which results in the trait variant. Further, genes code for proteins, which might result in identifiable traits, but it is the gene, not the trait, which is inherited. Physical definitions RNA genes and genomes When proteins are manufactured, the gene is first copied into RNA ... a regulatory role. The DNA sequences from which such RNAs are transcribed are known as RNA gene s. Some ... of function mutation in the gene Kit have white tails. Offspring of these mutants can have white tails ... observed very rarely. Functional structure of a gene File Gene2 plain.svg thumb 400px Diagram of the typical Eukaryote eukaryotic protein coding gene . promoter biology Promoter s and Enhancer genetics ... that uses the exposed 3 hydroxyl as a nucleophile . The gene expression expression of genes encoded in DNA begins by transcription genetics transcribing the gene into RNA , a second type of nucleic ... more details
from yeast. Part B shows mutants Fn of the naturally occurring FRT site F . If a genecassette is flanked .... In the given example a reporter genecassette gfp tk neo , flanked by four heterospecific FRT sites ..., the central reporter cassette can be exchanged for any gene of interest GOI the GOI will be flanked ...Orphan date April 2012 In the field of reverse genetics RMCE recombinase mediated cassette exchange is of increasing relevance. The procedure permits the systematic, repeated modification of higher eukaryotic genomes by targeted integration . For RMCE, this is achieved by the clean exchange of a preexisting genecassette for an analogous cassette carrying the gene of interest GOI . The genetic modification of mammalian cells is a standard procedure for the production of correctly modified proteins ... of gene therapy are based on the same principles. Traditional procedures used for transfer of GOIs ... only sub optimal conditions for their gene expression expression . As a consequence the newly introduced information may not be realized expressed , the gene s may be lost and or re insert ... of Drosophila via phiC31 Integrase Mediated Cassette Exchange last Bateman first Jack R coauthors ..., with a second cassette that is part of an exchange plasmid Figure 1, part A . A model experiment ... defined genomic address is used to introduce the same gene reporter, each Clone genetics clone derived ... in Figure 1A a target cassette here a composite selection marker is flanked by an F and an Fn site ... addresses are characterized and appropriate clones are isolated the GOI gene of interest is part ... mediated cassette exchange url journal Genesis volume 38 issue 2 pages 87 92 pmid 14994271 cite ... Exploitation RMCE based Cassette Exchange Systems in Animal Cell Biotechnology url journal ... Versatile Extensions of the Flp Recombinase Mediated Cassette Exchange Technology url journal J ... doi 10.1016 j.jmb.2011.01.004 title Recombinase Mediated Cassette Exchange RMCE Traditional Concepts ... more details
mergeto IBM BASIC date January 2012 On early IBM Personal Computer s, a cassette tape interface was provided to allow use of a Compact cassettecassette audio recorder to load and save data and programs. This option was only included on the original IBM Personal Computer 5150 PC , the IBM PCjr 4860 PCjr and some IBM PC compatible clones sometimes only as an assembly option . cn date January 2012 Few IBM PCs left the factory without a floppy disk drive installed. 5150s with just external cassette recorders for storage could only use the built in ROM BASIC as their operating system, which supported cassette operations. IBM PC DOS did not support cassette tape only disk drives. No market developed for commercial product distribution on cassette tape and the cassette interface was dropped on subsequent IBM models, except the PCjr. BIOS interrupt call 15 hexadecimal h routines were documented in the technical reference manual that would turn the cassette motor on and off, and read or write data. Data was written with a lead in section, and formatted in 256 byte blocks with a 2 byte Cyclic redundancy check CRC . ref name brutman Cassette Waveforms cite web title IBM PC and PCjr Cassette Waveforms url http www.brutman.com Cassette Waveforms Cassette Waveforms.html ref Programmers could also operate the cassette relay by writing to its I O address. IBM Cassette BASIC , Disk BASIC and Advanced BASIC BASICA included statements for cassette operations, but these features only worked if the machine had a cassette port. Connector pinout The IBM PC used a female 5 pin DIN connector the same as the keyboard connector for the cassette port Pinout ref name IBM 1983 PC IBM 1983 . IBM PC Technical Reference Handbook . Comment Also includes a complete listing of the ROM BIOS source code and schematics ... tt , bit 3 0 on, 1 off. See also IBM Cassette BASIC Kansas City standard To be checked Was the IBM Cassette standard compatible with the Kansas City standard? Tarbell Cassette Interface Commodore Datasette ... more details
Image Cassetteadapter.jpg thumb 200px A typical cassette adapter with a short cable and a 3.5 mm phone jack TRS connector . The cassette adapter allows one to play music through sound systems with a tape player without the need for an auxiliary input. Usage A cassette tape adapter is a device that allows the use of portable audio players in older cassette deck s. This is useful for cars, which often lack inputs for portable devices. Originally designed to connect portable CD players to car stereos that only had cassette players, the cassette tape adapter has become popular with MP3 players and iPods even on cars that have CD players built in. A typical cassette adapter uses a single sided writing tape head similar to the recording head on a traditional tape deck connected to a stereo minijack connector with a cord. The cord is connected to the device s output or headphones port and the electrical signal is converted into a magnetic signal by the head. This magnetic signal is then received ... system. Because most cassette adapters use a single sided head, they only work in one direction. There are, however, some cassette adapters that have double sided heads that work in either direction. A common alternative to cassette adapters is FM transmitters. These devices often require external ... an unused FM frequency to a nearby FM tuner. The cassette adapter is usually considered superior as it is much less prone to interference. A cassette adapter could also be used with other audio equipment ... are in short supply. Mechanism A cassette adapter is shaped like a Compact Cassettecassette tape ... the head to the portable device. A cassette adapter must also include a mechanism that simulates tape movement. Modern cassette players monitor tape movement to detect when the tape ends. This is done ... links http www.azega.com fix a cassette tape adapter Fix a Cassette Tape Adapter http www.streettech.com ... Car s Stereo Category Audio storage de Adapter Kassette fr Adaptateur cassette ... more details
Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Rainwater Cassette Exchange Cover Deerhunter Rainwater Cassette Exchange.jpg Type ep Artist Deerhunter Released May 18, 2009 small Digital small br June 8, 2009 small CD, 12 small Recorded February, 2009 at Rare Book Room Studios, Brooklyn, NY ref cite web url http stereogum.com ?p 065012 title New Deerhunter Rainwater Cassette Exchange publisher Stereogum date 2009 04 17 accessdate 2012 03 06 ref Genre Indie Rock , Shoegaze Length 15 18 Label Kranky Records , 4AD Producer Nicolas Vernhes Last album Microcastle Weird Era Cont. br 2008 This album Rainwater Cassette Exchange br 2009 Next album Halcyon Digest br 2010 Album ratings MC 80 100 ref name MC http www.metacritic.com music rainwater cassette exchange Critic Reviews for Rainwater Cassette Exchange . Metacritic . Retrieved 8 November 2011. ref rev1 Allmusic rev1score rating 4 5 ref Allmusic class album id r1579540 pure url yes Allmusic review ref rev2 Clash magazine Clash rev2score 8 10 ref http www.clashmusic.com reviews deerhunter rainwater cassette exchange Clash review ref rev3 Drowned in Sound rev3score 8 10 ref http www.drownedinsound.com releases 14420 reviews 4136933 Drowned ... 38 reviews 5510 rainwater cassette exchange ep.html JustPressPlay review ref rev5 Pitchfork Media rev5score 7.5 10 ref http pitchfork.com reviews albums 12991 rainwater cassette exchange Pitchfork ... album reviews deerhunter rainwater cassette exchange 05 21 2009 Stereo Subversion review ref Automatically generated by DASHBot Rainwater Cassette Exchange is an extended play by Atlanta based indie ... deerhunter prep rainwater cassette exchange ep and premiere mp3 title Deerhunter Prep Rainwater Cassette Exchange EP and Premiere MP3 & 124 News publisher Pitchfork date 2009 04 17 accessdate 2012 ... available for download on April 17. Track listing Rainwater Cassette Exchange 2 23 Disappearing ... Cassette Exchange EP sv Rainwater Cassette Exchange ... more details
unreferenced date April 2008 Infobox information appliance name Epoch Cassette Vision image File Epoch Cassette Vision Console.png 300px caption The Epoch Cassette Vision manufacturer Epoch Co. type Video ... Super Cassette Vision The nihongo Epoch Cassette Vision Kasetto Bijon was a video game ... for the Cassette Vision. Its graphics were less refined than the Atari 2600 , and the only controls ... itself, along with two fire buttons to a player. Though the Cassette Vision was not a fantastic seller, it managed to spawn off a smaller, cheaper version called the Cassette Vision Jr. and a successor called the Super Cassette Vision . The latter was released in 1984 , and was sold in Europe, with little ... system, Epoch never had another system released. Cassette Vision Games Astro Command Astro Command was and is an Action game released by Epoch for the Cassette Vision in 1983. Baseball Baseball was and is a Baseball game released by Epoch for the Cassette Vision 1981. Battle Vader Battle Vader was and is a Shoot em up released by Epoch for the Cassette Vision in 1982. Big Sports 12 Big Sports 12 was and is a Sports game released by Epoch for the Cassette Vision in 1981. Elevator Panic Galaxian ... clones PakPak Monster Specifications Cassette Vision s controllers are integrated into the body. Cassette ... 1 x Select button 1 x Start button 1 x AUX. button Cassette Vision Jr. 1 x 2 directional lever switch 4 x Push buttons 1 x Select button 1 x Start button Cassette Vision hardware has only the controllers ... circuit board. Super Cassette Vision Games Bold link indicates game article. Astro ... Land Wheelie Racer Specifications Image Supercassettevision.jpg right 200px thumb Super Cassette ... takeda toshiya EPOCH Super Cassette Vision Emulator for Win32 http homepage3.nifty.com takeda toshiya scv scv.pdf EPOCH Super Cassette Vision hardware info in Japanese http www2.odn.ne.jp haf09260 Scv EnrScv.htm Epoch Cassette Vision hardware information in Japanese http www.rhod.fr yeno ... more details
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