infobox biodatabase title Ensembl Genomes logo description An integrative resource for genome scale data from non vertebrate species. scope genomic organism pan center European Bioinformatics Institute laboratory author pmid Kersey & al. 2012 ref name kersey released 2009 standard format url http ensemblgenomes.org download webservice sql sparql webapp standalone license versioning frequency 4 5 times per year curation bookmark version 12 Ensembl Genomes is a scientific project to provide genome scale data from non vertebrate species ref name kersey PMID 22067447 ref . The project is run by the European Bioinformatics Institute , and was launched in 2009 using the Ensembl technology ref PMID 19033362 ref . Current species 249 bacteria http bacteria.ensembl.org , including Bacillus , Borrelia , Buchnera bacterium Buchnera , and Mycobacterium . 14 protist s http protists.ensembl.org 34 metazoa http metazoa.ensembl.org 15 plant s http plants.ensembl.org 23 fungus fungi http fungi.ensembl.org See also Ensembl List of sequenced eukaryotic genomes Sequence analysis References reflist 2 External links http www.ensemblgenomes.org Ensembl genomes http www.ensembl.org Ensembl Wellcome Trust Category Bioinformatics Category Biological databases Category Wellcome Trust ... more details
See List of sequenced archaeal genomes List of sequenced bacterial genomes List of sequenced eukaryotic genomes List of sequenced plastomes Category Genomics Category Genome projects Category Biology lists de Liste sequenzierter Organismen zh ... more details
Genomes http img.jgi.doe.gov IMG system is a genome browsing and annotation platform developed by the U.S. ... markowitz2009 cite doi 10.1093 nar gkp887 ref IMG contains all the draft and complete microbial genomes sequenced by the DOE JGI integrated with other publicly available genomes including Archaea, Bacteria ... of microbial genomes along three dimensions genes, genomes and functions. Users can select and transfer ... specific tools. The Integrated Microbial Genomes with Microbiome Samples http img.jgi.doe.gov m ... metagenomic data with the publicly available isolate genomes. ref name markowitz2011 cite pmid 22086953 ref The Integrated Microbial Genomes Expert Review http img.jgi.doe.gov er IMG ER system provides ... of their microbial genomes of interest. ref name markowitz2009 Users can submit their annotated genomes .... The IMG HMP is focused on analysis of genomes related to the Human Microbiome Project HMP in the context of all publicly available genomes in IMG. See also Genomics Metagenomics References Reflist External ... MicrobesOnline http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov genomes lproks.cgi NCBI Microbial Genomes http ... Genome projects Category Bioinformatics Category Biological databases es Integrated Microbial Genomes ... more details
Announced in 2008, shortly after the human 1000 Genomes Project , the 1000 Plant Genomes Project is another .... The recently started When? date April 2012 1000 genomes project for example, aims to obtain high genome ... or chloroplast DNA ref name fourb Cite web url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov genomes PLANTS PlantList.html title Plant Genomes Central publisher NCBI accessdate 2012 04 11 ref rather than the actual genomic DNA of the plants. The 1000 Plant Genomes Project will produce a roughly a 100x increase in the number ... their certainty. Biotechnology applications The list of plant genomes to be sequenced in the project ... genomes collected so far, these non coding regions will in fact make up the majority of the genome ... genomes, for example, can have 4 6 copies of whole genomes ref name fourteen Taxonomy of wheat wheat .... Relationships to the 1000 Genomes Project Similarities Just as the Beijing Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, China is one of the major genomics centers involved in the 1000 Genomes Project, the institute is the site of sequencing for the 1000 Plant Genomes Project. ref name sixteen http www.genomeweb.com sequencing bgi seeks proposals sequence 1000 plant animal genomes pledges 100m toward effor, Retrieved ... different. While the 1000 Genomes Project focuses on genetic variation in a single species, the 1000 Plant Genomes Project looks at the evolutionary relationships and genes of 1000 different plant species. While the 1000 Genomes Project has been initially estimated to cost up to 50 million USD, ref name two the 1000 Plant Genomes Project will likely not be as expensive the difference in cost comes from the target sequence in the genomes. ref name onekp Since the 1000 Plant Genomes Project ... relative to the 1000 Genomes Project, the non coding portions of the genomes excluded in the 1000 Plant Genomes Project are not important to its goals like they are to the human project. So then the more focused approach of the 1000 Plant Genomes Project minimizes cost while still achieving its goals ... more details
The 1000 Genomes Project , launched in January 2008, is an international research effort to establish by far the most detailed catalogue of human genetic variation . Scientists plan to DNA sequencing sequence the genome s of at least one thousand anonymous participants from a number of different ethnic groups within the next When? date April 2012 three years, using newly developed technologies which are faster and less expensive. In 2010, the project finished its pilot phase, which was described in detail in a publication in Nature. ref cite doi 10.1038 nature09534 ref As of 2010 alt late 2010 , the project is in its production phase with a target of sequencing upwards of 2000 individuals. The project ... Announces the 1000 Genomes Project, EMBARGOED 2008 http www.1000genomes.org files 1000Genomes NewsRelease.pdf ... types of genetic variants lies a significant gap of knowledge, which the 1000 Genomes Project ... are planning to sequence a minimum of 1,000 human genomes. Due to the large amount of sequence data ... production phase. This equates to more than two human genomes every 24 hours a groundbreaking capacity ... 2x . For the second pilot study, the genomes of two nuclear families both parents and an adult child ... Genomes Project will then use samples from volunteer donors. The following populations will be included ... Community Meeting Data generated by the 1000 Genomes Project is widely used by the genetics committee, making the first 1000 Genomes Project one of the most cited papers in Biology ref name hotpapers ... studies ref name community 1000 Genomes Project Community Analysis Meeting http 1000gconference.sph.umich.edu ... 1000 Plant Genomes Project References reflist 2 External links http www.1000genomes.org 1000 Genomes A Deep Catalog of Human Genetic Variation official web page http www.hapmap.org International ... Human Genome Project Information DEFAULTSORT 1000 Genomes Project, The Category Human genome projects de 1000 Genome Projekt fr Projet 1000 Genomes ko 1000 ja 1000 ... more details
This list of sequenced plant genomes contains all the plant species known to have publicly available complete genome sequences that have been assembled, annotated and published draft genomes are not included, nor are organelle only sequences. Algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii small CC 503 cw92 mt small , Model organism , 2007 ref name Merchant cite journal author Merchant et al. title The Chlamydomonas Genome Reveals the Evolution of Key Animal and Plant Functions journal Science journal Science year 2007 volume 318 pages 245 250 pmid 17932292 doi 10.1126 science.1143609 last2 Prochnik first2 SE last3 Vallon first3 O last4 Harris first4 EH last5 Karpowicz first5 SJ last6 Witman first6 GB last7 Terry first7 A last8 Salamov first8 A last9 Fritz Laylin first9 LK issue 5848 pmc 2875087 bibcode 2007Sci...318..245M ref Chlorella variabilis small NC64A small , green alga 2010 ref name Blanc2010 cite journal author Blanc G, Duncan G, Agarkova I, et al. title The Chlorella variabilis NC64A genome revals adaptation to photosymbiosis, coevolution with viruses, and cryptic sex journal Plant Cell year 2010 month September volume 22 issue 9 pages 2943 2955 pmid 20852019 doi 10.1105 tpc.110.076406 pmc 2965543 ref Coccomyxa sp. C 169, possible biofuel producer 2007 ref http genome.jgi psf.org Coc C169 1 Coc C169 1.home.html Coccomyxa JGI entry ref Cyanidioschyzon merolae br small Strain 10D small , simple eukaryote 2004 ref name Matsuzaki cite journal author Matsuzaki M, Misumi O, Shin I T, et al. title Genome sequence of the ultrasmall unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae 10D journal Nature journal Nature volume 428 issue 6983 pages 653 7 year 2004 month April pmid 15071595 doi 10.1038 nature02398 url bibcode 2004Natur.428..653M ref Ectocarpus siliculosus , distantly related to plants ... Green evolution and dynamic adaptations revealed by genomes of the marine picoeukaryotes Micromonas ... bibcode 2007Natur.449..463J ref Monocots See also List of sequenced eukaryotic genomes References reflist ... more details
This list of sequenced fungi genomes contains all the fungus species known to have publicly available complete genome sequences that have been assembled, annotated and published draft genomes are not included, nor are organelle only sequences. Ascomycota Ascomycetes Neurospora crassa , model eukaryote 2003 ref name Galagan cite journal author Galagan JE, Calvo SE, Borkovich KA, et al. title The genome sequence of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa journal Nature journal Nature volume 422 issue 6934 pages 859 68 year 2003 month April pmid 12712197 doi 10.1038 nature01554 url ref Neurospora tetrasperma FGSC 2508 mat A, model 2010 ref http genome.jgi psf.org Neute matA2 Neute matA2.home.html JGI entry ref Dothideomycetes Mycosphaerella fijiensis , plant pathogen 2007 ref http genome.jgi psf.org Mycfi2 Mycfi2.home.html JGI entry ref Leptosphaeria maculans , Nature Communications 2011 ref cite journal author Rouxel T, Grandaubert J, et al. title Effector diversification within compartments of the Leptosphaeria maculans genome affected by repeat induced point mutations journal Nature Communications volume 2 article 202 year 2011 month February pmid 21326234 doi 10.1038 ncomms1189 url pmc 3105345 issue 2 pages 202 ref Eurotiomycetes Aspergillus aculeatus ATCC16872, industrial use 2010 ref http genome.jgi psf.org Aspac1 Aspac1.home.html JGI entry ref Aspergillus carbonarius ITEM 5010, food pathogen 2009 ref http genome.jgi psf.org Aspca3 Aspca3.home.html JGI entry ref Aspergillus fumigatus Strain Af293, human pathogen 2005 ref name Nierman cite journal author Nierman WC, Pain A, Anderson MJ, et al. title Genomic sequence of the pathogenic and allergenic filamentous fungus Aspergillus ... MD, Lin MF, et al. title Evolution of pathogenicity and sexual reproduction in eight Candida genomes ... cite journal author Xu J, Saunders CW, Hu P, et al. title Dandruff associated Malassezia genomes reveal ... also List of sequenced eukaryotic genomes References reflist 2 Category Biology lists ... more details
This list of sequenced archaeal genomes contains all the archaea known to have publicly available complete genome sequence s that have been assembled, annotated and deposited in public databases. Archea are of particular interest for biotechnology since they can exist under extreme conditions. Crenarchaeota Acidilobales class wikitable sortable Species Strain biology Strain base pair Base Pair s Gene s Reference GenBank identifier Acidilobus Acidilobus saccharovorans saccharovorans 345 15 1,496,000 1,547 ref cite journal authors Mardanov AV, Svetlitchnyi VA, Beletsky AV, et al. title The genome sequence of the crenarchaeon Acidilobus saccharovorans supports a new order, Acidilobales, and suggests an important ecological role in terrestrial acidic hot springs journal Appl Environ Microbiol. date August, 2010 volume 76 issue 16 pages 5652 5657 pmid 20581186 pmc 2918975 doi 10.1128 AEM.00599 10 ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov nuccore CP001742 CP001742 Desulforococcales class wikitable sortable Species Strain biology Strain base pair Base Pair s Gene s Reference GenBank identifier Aeropyrum Aeropyrum pernix pernix K1 1,669,695 2,694 ref cite journal last1 Kawarabayasi first1 Y. title Complete genome sequence of an aerobic hyper thermophilic crenarchaeon, Aeropyrum pernix K1 journal DNA Research volume 6 pages 83 101, 145 52 year 1999 doi 10.1093 dnares 6.2.83 pmid 10382966 issue 2 last2 Hino first2 Y last3 Horikawa first3 H last4 Yamazaki first4 S last5 Haikawa first5 Y last6 Jin No first6 K last7 Takahashi first7 M last8 Sekine first8 M last9 Baba first9 S ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov nuccore NC 000854 NC 000854 NCBI Reference Sequence Desulfurococcus Desulfurococcus kamchatkensis ... mazei reveals extensive rearrangement within methanosarcinal genomes journal J. Bacteriology ... guide small nucleolar RNAs lessons from the Pyrococcus genomes journal Journal of Molecular Biology ... genomes journal Genome Res. year 2005 month March volume 15 issue 3 pages 352 363 pmid 15710748 pmc ... more details
This list of sequenced eubacterial genomes contains all the Bacteria eubacteria known to have publicly available complete genome sequence s. Most of these sequences have been placed in the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration , a public database which can be searched ref name EntrezG cite web url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?db genome title Entrez Genome Database Search publisher National Center for Biotechnology Information Search for details on specific genomes by organism name and strain. ref on the World Wide Web web . A few of the listed genomes may not be in the INSDC database, but in other public databases Verify source date July 2008 . Genomes listed as Unpublished are in a database, but not in the peer review peer reviewed scientific literature. For the genomes of archaea see list of sequenced archaeal genomes . Actinobacteria Empty section date April 2012 Aquificae class wikitable sortable Species Strain Type Base Pairs Genes Reference GeneBank Identifier Aquifex aeolicus VF5 Aquificae 1,551,335 1,522 ref cite journal journal Nature volume 392 pages 353 8 year 1998 author Deckert G title The complete genome of the hyperthermophilic bacterium Aquifex aeolicus doi 10.1038 32831 pmid 9537320 issue 6674 author separator , display authors 1 last2 Swanson first2 Ronald V. last3 Deckert first3 Gerard last4 Warren first4 Patrick V. last5 Gaasterland first5 Terry last6 Young first6 William G. last7 Lenox first7 Anna L. last8 Graham first8 David E. last9 Overbeek first9 Ross ref Chromosome http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov nuccore NC 000918 NC 000918 br Plasmid ece1 http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov nuccore NC 001880 NC 001880 Armatimonadetes Empty section date April 2012 Bacteroidetes Chlorobi group class wikitable sortable Species Strain Type Base Pairs Genes Reference GenBank Identifier Bacteroides Bacteroides fragilis fragilis NCTC9343 Bacteroidetes 5,205,140 ... Nat Genet volume 21 pages 385 9 year 1999 author Kalman S title Comparative genomes of Chlamydia ... more details
unreferenced date December 2010 The genomic signature refers to the characteristic frequency of oligonucleotide s in a genome or sequence. It has been observed that the genomic signature of phylogenetically related genomes is similar. DEFAULTSORT Genomic Signature Category Nucleic acids ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Pseudodiploid also called pseudoploid refers to one of the essential components in virus viral reproduction. It means having two RNA genomes genome per virion but giving rise to only one DNA copy in infected cells. The term is also used to refer to cells that are diploid , but have chromosomal translocation s ref Cite pmid 7028252 ref . Overview Retrovirion s for example are considered as pseudoploid in character they have two genomes capsid encapsidated , but in general only one provirus is seen after infection with single virions. Retrovirus particles contain two copies of the RNA genome held together by multiple regions of base pairing strongest pairing at 5 ends which is also called 70S complex dimer biochemistry dimer of 35S genomes . This property gives viruses evolutionary advantages such as the capability to survive extensive damage to their genome s as at least parts of both genomes are used during the reverse transcription process. It also explains the high rates of genetic recombination in retroviruses. The retroviral genome is coated by a viral nucleocapsid NC protein that may function like a single stranded binding protein and therefore is enhancing processivity and facilitating template exchanges. The NC first organizes RNA genomes within the virion and then facilitates reverse transcription within the infected cell. References Reflist Category Virology Genetics stub ... more details
primarysources date December 2008 The http www.nmpdr.org National Microbial Pathogen Data Resource was one of the eight Bioinformatics Resource Centers funded by the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIAID a component of the National Institutes of Health NIH , which is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services . The NMPDR was funded for five years from 2004 through a grant to co PI s Rick Stevens from the Computation Institute at the University of Chicago, and Ross Overbeek at the http www.thefig.info Fellowship for the Interpretation of Genomes . The NMPDR was initially tasked with annotating and curating the genomes of five pathogenic species of Bacteria , Campylobacter , Listeria , Staphylococcus , Streptococcus , and Vibrio . However, after four years, the team were asked to also oversee the curation and annotation of the genomes of seven additional bacterial species Chlamydia bacterium Chlamydia , Chlamydophila , Haemophilus , Mycoplasma , Neisseria , Treponema , and Ureaplasma . The flagship website, the http www.nmpdr.org National Microbial Pathogen Data Resource provides curated annotations in an environment for comparative analysis of genomes and biological subsystems. In addition, the NMPDR team have also developed the http rast.nmpdr.org Rapid Annotation using Subsystems Technology Server RAST for annotating and curating complete microbial genomes and the http metagenomics.nmpdr.org Metagenomics RAST for annotating metagenomes. Note to NMPDR Users As of January 2010, the bacterial organism originally covered by NMPDR under the BRC program have been transferred to PATRIC the Pathosystems Resource Integration Center. Category Biology organizations ... more details
The Comprehensive Microbial Resource CMR is a website carrying data on publicly available prokaryotic genomes . Searches for similarities and differences between genomes can be conveniently carried out as all the information is stored on a single website. A Mirror site is kept by the Genome Encyclopedia of Microbes GEM in Korea . The effective display of large scale genome sequencing projects is addressed by this site. The system enables a wide variety of data retrieval. Retrievals may focus on protein properties such as molecular weight or hydrophobicity , GC content , Alpha helix Functional roles functional role assignments and taxonomy . The CMR also has special web based tools to allow data mining using pre run homology searches, whole genome dot plots, Laboratory information system batch download ing and traversal across genomes using a variety of datatypes. http nar.oxfordjournals.org content 29 1 123.full Jeremy D. Peterson et al. External links http cmr.jcvi.org tigr scripts CMR CmrHomePage.cgi Official site http nar.oxfordjournals.org content 29 1 123.full The Comprehensive Microbial Resource Category Biological databases Category Genetics Category Online databases ... more details
A metabolic network is the complete set of metabolic and physical processes that determine the physiology physiological and biochemistry biochemical properties of a cell. As such, these networks comprise the chemical reactions of metabolism as well as the regulatory interactions that guide these reactions. With the sequencing of complete genomes, it is now possible to reconstruct the network of biochemical reactions in many organisms, from bacteria to human. Several of these networks are available online Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes KEGG http www.genome.ad.jp , EcoCyc http www.ecocyc.org , BioCyc http biocyc.org and metaTIGER http www.bioinformatics.leeds.ac.uk metatiger . Metabolic networks are powerful tools, for studying and modelling metabolism. See also Metabolic network modelling Metabolic pathway metabolism Category Metabolism biology stub ca Xarxa metab lica fa nl Metabolisch netwerk zh ... more details
technology cannot read whole genomes in one go, but rather reads small pieces of between 20 and 1000 ... of assembling the first larger eukaryotic genomes, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster , in 2000 ... ref able to handle genomes of 100 300 million base pairs. Subsequent to these efforts, several ..., genomes often have large amounts of repetitive sequences, mainly in the inter genic parts ... Licence Homepage ABySS large genomes Solexa, SOLiD Simpson, J. et al. 2008 2011 NC A http www.bcgsc.ca platform bioinfo software abyss link ALLPATHS LG large genomes Solexa, SOLiD Gnerre, S. et al. 2011 OS http www.broadinstitute.org science programs genome biology crd link AMOS genomes Sanger, 454 ... Celera WGA Assembler CABOG large genomes Sanger, 454, Solexa Myers, G. et al. Miller G. et al. 2004 ... genomes Sanger, 454, Solexa, SOLiD CLC bio 2008 2010 C http www.clcbio.com index.php?id 575 link Cortex genomes Solexa, SOLiD Iqbal, Z. et al. 2011 OS http cortexassembler.sourceforge.net link DNA Dragon genomes Illumina, SOLiD, Complete Genomics, 454, Sanger SequentiX 2011 C https www.dna dragon.com link DNAnexus genomes Illumina, SOLiD, Complete Genomics DNAnexus 2011 C https dnanexus.com link Edena genomes Illumina D. Hernandez, P. Fran ois, L. Farinelli, M. Osteras, and J. Schrenzel. 2008 2011 C http www.genomic.ch edena.php link Euler genomes Sanger, 454 ,Solexa ? Pevzner, P. et al. 2001 2006? C NC A? http nbcr.sdsc.edu euler link Euler sr genomes 454, Solexa Chaisson, MJ. et al. 2008 NC A http euler assembler.ucsd.edu portal link Forge large genomes, EST, metagenomes 454, Solexa, SOLID, Sanger Platt, DM, Evers, D. 2010 OS http combiol.org forge link Geneious genomes Sanger, 454, Solexa Biomatters Biomatters Ltd 2009 2010 C http geneious.com link Graph Constructor large genomes ... lifesciences link IDBA Iterative De Bruijn graph short read Assembler large genomes Sanger,454,Solexa ... alse idba link MIRA Mimicking Intelligent Read Assembly genomes, ESTs Sanger, 454, Solexa Chevreux ... more details
italic title Taxobox color lightgrey name Nitrobacter vulgaris regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Alpha Proteobacteria ordo Rhizobiales familia Bradyrhizobiaceae genus Nitrobacter species N. vulgaris binomial Nitrobacter vulgaris binomial authority Nitrobacter vulgaris is a rod shaped, Gram negative bacteria Gram negative , and a Chemotroph chemoautotrophic bacterium. It plays an important role in the nitrogen cycle by oxidizing nitrite into nitrate in soil. It cannot tolerate highly alkaline NH sub 4 sub conditions. NO sub 2 sub 1 2O sub 2 sub NO sub 3 sub Genomics http www.genomesonline.org search.cgi?colcol all&goldstamp ALL&gen type ALL&org name1 genus&gensp Nitrobacter&org domain ALL&org status ALL&size2 ALL&org size Kb&gen gc ALL&phylogeny2 ALL&gen institution ALL&gen funding ALL&gen data ALL&cont ALL&gen country ALL&gen pheno ALL&gen eco ALL&gen disease ALL&gen relevance ALL&gen avail ALL&selection submit search Nitrobacter Genome Projects from http www.genomesonline.org Genomes OnLine Database http img.jgi.doe.gov cgi bin pub main.cgi?section TaxonList&page lineageMicrobes&genus Nitrobacter Comparative Analysis of Nitrobacter Genomes at United States Department of Energy DOE s Integrated Microbial Genomes System IMG system Category Rhizobiales bacteria stub ca Nitrobacter de Nitrobacter et Nitrobacter it Nitrobacter pt Nitrobacter ... more details
Orphan date January 2011 infobox biodatabase title InSatDb logo File Database.png description Microsatellite genetics microsatellite s of fully sequenced insect genomes. scope organism insect s center laboratory author pmid PMID 17082205 released 2006 standard format url http www.cdfd.org.in insatdb download http cdfd.org.in INSATDB download.php download br http cdfd.org.in INSATDB msatform.php query based webservice sql sparql webapp standalone license versioning frequency curation bookmark version InSatDb is a database of Microsatellite genetics microsatellite s of Genome sequencing sequenced insect genomes ref cite journal quotes yes last Archak first Sunil authorlink coauthors Meduri Eshwar, Kumar P Sravana, Nagaraju J year 2007 month Jan title InSatDb a microsatellite database of fully sequenced insect genomes journal Nucleic Acids Res. volume 35 issue Database issue pages D36 9 publisher location England issn pmid 17082205 doi 10.1093 nar gkl778 bibcode oclc id url pmc 1634736 language eng format accessdate laysummary laysource laydate quote ref See also Microsatellite genetics microsatellite References references External links http www.cdfd.org.in insatdb Category Entomology Category Insects Category Biological databases Category Genetics Category Repetitive DNA sequences Biodatabase stub ... more details
infobox biodatabase title Islander logo File Database.png description integrative islands in prokaryotic genomes scope organism Prokaryote Prokaryotes center Indiana University laboratory author pmid PMID 14681358 released standard format url http www.indiana.edu islander download webservice sql sparql webapp standalone license versioning frequency curation bookmark version Islander is a database of Mobile genetic elements integrative islands in prokaryotic genomes. ref cite journal quotes yes last Mantri first Yogita authorlink coauthors Williams Kelly P year 2004 month Jan title Islander a database of integrative islands in prokaryotic genomes, the associated integrases and their DNA site specificities journal Nucleic Acids Res. volume 32 issue Database issue pages D55 8 publisher location England issn pmid 14681358 doi 10.1093 nar gkh059 bibcode oclc id url pmc 308793 language eng format accessdate laysummary laysource laydate quote ref References references See also Mobile genetic elements External links http www.indiana.edu islander Biodatabase stub Category Mobile genetic elements Category Biological databases ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2006 orphan date November 2009 Orfeome is the complete collection of open reading frames ORF that exists in the genome. ORFs are one of many different elements found in genomes, being part of the gene structure. The process of finding ORFs are done by computer programs such as GENSCAN . The term ORFeome reflects a new trend in biology that can be succinctly summarized as omics . DEFAULTSORT Orfeome Category Molecular genetics ar ... more details
italic title Taxobox color lightgrey name Ehrlichiaceae regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Proteobacteria classis Alphaproteobacteria ordo Rickettsiales familia Ehrlichiaceae genus Anaplasma Anaplasma is a genus of rickettsiales bacteria . Anaplasmas reside in host red blood cells and lead to the disease anaplasmosis . The disease most commonly occurs in tropical areas of the world. ref name WikiVet http en.wikivet.net Anaplasmas Anaplasmas reviewed and published by WikiVet , accessed 10 October 2011. ref Anaplasmas require intermediate tick hosts for maturation, and flies may act as mechanical vectors. ref name WikiVet The major consequence of infection is the development of haemolytic anaemia due to the damage done to red blood cells. ref name WikiVet Species of veterinary interest include Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma centrale in cattle Anaplasma mesaeterum and Anaplasma ovis in sheep and goats ref name WikiVet See also Anaplasma phagocytophilum Anaplasmosis References reflist External links MeshName Anaplasma http www.genomesonline.org search.cgi?colcol all&goldstamp ALL&gen type ALL&org name1 genus&gensp Anaplasma&org domain ALL&org status ALL&size2 ALL&org size Kb&gen gc ALL&phylogeny2 ALL&gen institution ALL&gen funding ALL&gen data ALL&cont ALL&gen country ALL&gen pheno ALL&gen eco ALL&gen disease ALL&gen relevance ALL&gen avail ALL&selection submit search Anaplasma Genome Projects from http www.genomesonline.org Genomes OnLine Database http img.jgi.doe.gov cgi bin pub main.cgi?section TaxonList&page lineageMicrobes&genus Anaplasma Comparative Analysis of Anaplasma Genomes at United States Department of Energy DOE s Integrated Microbial Genomes System IMG system bacteria stub Category Rickettsiales Category Sequenced genomes be x old es Anaplasma ja pt Anaplasma ru ... more details
Taxobox name Amphimedon regnum Animal ia phylum Porifera classis Demospongiae ordo Haplosclerida subordo Haplosclerina familia Niphatidae genus Amphimedon Amphimedon is a genus of sponge . There are over 60 described species. ref http www.marinespecies.org porifera porifera.php?p search ref The genome of one, Amphimedon queenslandica , has been sequenced. ref cite doi 10.1038 nature09201 ref References reflist Category Demospongiae Category Sequenced genomes ... more details
with 12 , with other algorithms used in 3 or fewer of the projects. They also reported that 33 of genomes ... those cases, Glimmer was used for 73 of the genomes for which the methods could be unambiguously identified. Glimmer was used by the DNA Databank of Japan DDBJ to re annotate all bacterial genomes ... NCB , ref cite web title NCBI Prokaryotic Genomes Automatic Annotation Pipeline PGAAP url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov genomes static Pipeline.html publisher Center for Bioinformatics and Computational ... web title Microbial Genome Annotation Tools url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov genomes MICROBES glimmer ... more details
Bacterial genomes are generally smaller and less variant in size between species when compared with genome s of animals and single cell eukaryote s. Bacterial genomes can range in size anywhere from 160 to upwards of 10,000 kbp. ref T. R. Gregory, Bacterial Genomes and Evolution., Genomicron, 2007. Online . Available http www.genomicron.evolverzone.com 2007 11 bacterial genomes and evolution . Accessed ... state. ref name OchmanGenomes H. Ochman, Genomes on the Shrink, Proceedings of the National Academy ... the general trend of bacterial genome decay and the relatively small size of bacterial genomes. Compelling evidence indicates that the apparent degradation of bacterial genomes is owed to a deletional bias. Bacterial genomes Unlike eukaryote s, bacteria show a strong correlation between genome size ... size makes the size of bacterial genomes an interesting topic for research and discussion. The general ... an integral role in their respective genome sizes. Free living bacteria have the largest genomes out .... Obligate bacterial symbionts or pathogens have the smallest genomes and the fewest number of pseudogenes of the three groups. ref H. Ochman and L. M. Davalos, The Nature and Dynamics of Bacterial Genomes ... smaller genomes due to a selective pressure on genome size to ensure faster replication. The theory is based upon the logical premise that smaller bacterial genomes will take less time to replicate. Subsequently, smaller genomes will be selected preferentially due to enhanced fitness. A study done ... Mira A. Mira, H. Ochman, and N. A. Moran, Deletional bias and the evolution of bacterial genomes, Trends ... explanation for the small sizes of bacterial genomes. Still, many researchers believe ..., genomes will tend to reduce in size in the absence of selective constraint. Evidence of a deletional ..., it is intuitive that free living bacteria should have the largest bacterial genomes of all bacteria ... genomes are reducing in size and complexity. While many types of bacteria have reduced in genome ... more details
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