2009, Radius song My World was nominated for best rock song at the Hollywood Music Awards . That same ... . Radius went on a tour through Canada with multi platinum recording artist Everclear band Everclear in April 2010. September 2010 Radius began working with producer and world class mixing ... , and Sick Puppies . Holman discovered Radius while the band was performing at the House of Blues House of Blues Disney in Anaheim , California August 2010. Holman co produced Radius song Just Say fall of 2010 and the song was released November 2010. Summer 2011, Radius began working on their first full length release. Projected release date is in January 2012. DEFAULTSORT Radius Band Category ... more details
infobox above Bohr radius label1 Symbol data1 a sub 0 sub label2 Named after data2 Niels Bohr label3 Value in meter s data3 5.3 e 11 meter m label4 Value in picometer s data4 53 meter pm label5 Value in angstrom s data5 0.53 angstrom The Bohr radius is a physical constant , approximately equal to the most probable distance between the proton and electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state . It is named after Niels Bohr , due to its role in the Bohr model of an atom. The precise definition of the Bohr radius is math a 0 frac 4 pi varepsilon 0 hbar 2 m mathrm e e 2 frac hbar m mathrm e ,c , alpha math where math varepsilon 0 math is the permittivity of free space math hbar math is the reduced ... constant . Or, in Gaussian units the Bohr radius is simply math a 0 frac hbar 2 m e e 2 math According to 2010 CODATA the Bohr radius has a value of 5.2917721092 17 e &minus 11 m i.e., approximately ... bin cuu Value?bohrrada0 title CODATA Value Bohr radius author work Fundamental Physical Constants publisher ... and its smallest possible orbit, with lowest energy, has an orbital radius almost equal to the Bohr radius. It is not exactly the Bohr radius due to the reduced mass reduced mass effect . They differ by about 0.1 . Although the Bohr model is no longer in use, the Bohr radius remains very useful in atomic ... the same order of magnitude . The Bohr radius of the electron is one of a trio of related units ... electron radius math r mathrm e math . The Bohr radius is built from the electron mass ... c math . The classical electron radius is built from math m mathrm e math , math c math and math e math ... wavelength is about 20 times smaller than the Bohr radius, and the classical electron radius is about 1000 times smaller than the Compton wavelength. Reduced Bohr radius The Bohr radius including the effect ... math.ucr.edu home baez lengths.html bohr radius Length Scales in Physics the Bohr Radius Category ... ca Radi de Bohr cs Bohr v polom r da Bohr radius de Bohrscher Radius es Radio de Bohr fa ... more details
Infobox Bone Name PAGENAME Latin caput radii GraySubject 52 GrayPage 219 Image Gray214.png Caption The radius and ulna of the left forearm, posterior surface. The top is proximal elbow and bottom is distal wrist . Image2 Caption2 Origins Insertions Articulations MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre c 08 DorlandsSuf 12212240 The head of the radius bone radius has a cylindrical form, and on its upper surface is a shallow cup or fovea for articulation with the Capitulum of the humerus capitulum or capitellum of the humerus . The circumference of the head is smooth it is broad medially where it articulates with the radial notch of the ulna , narrow in the rest of its extent, which is embraced by the annular ligament . The deepest point in the fovea is not axi symmetric with the long axis of the radius, creating a cam effect during pronation and supination . See also Nursemaid s elbow External links NormanAnatomy radiographsul NormanAnatomyFig xrayelbow Gray s musculoskeletal stub Bones of upper extremity gl C pula radial th ... more details
NOTOC Radius Ensemble is a classical music chamber group based in Cambridge, Massachusetts . The mission of Radius Ensemble is to reinvigorate classical music for a new generation. File RadiusEnsemble08 09 small.jpg right frame Radius Ensemble core members 2008 2009. br Left to right Gregory Newton bassoon , Sarah Brady flute , Jennifer Montbach oboe , Sarah Bob piano , Anne Howarth horn , Miriam Bokosky violoncello , Eran Egozy clarinet , Jae Young Cosmos Lee violin . br photo by Carol Krause. Accessibility is a fundamental philosophy of Radius. The group eschews the stuffiness and elitism often associated with chamber music and seeks to attract a new, generally younger and more informal, audience ... outreach concerts at various locations in the Greater Boston area. Radius Ensemble also performs one free family oriented concert every spring. Radius was founded in 1999 by Jennifer Montbach who ... core members of the Radius Ensemble. The core personnel for the 2008 2009 season are Sarah ... are engaged as the repertoire demands. Artistic Diversity Radius Ensemble plays a diverse blend of standard ... concert. Radius further enhances its artistic diversity by promoting works of living and younger ... of Radius Ensemble. For the 2008 2009 season guest artists include Robin Young of radio station WBUR ... for Shulamit Ran s Mirage for Five Players . Media Reviews Radius Ensemble has received positive reviews ... title At 10, Radius is energetic and eclectic url http www.boston.com ae music articles 2008 09 29 at 10 radius is energetic and eclectic work Boston Globe date 2008 09 29 accessdate 2009 01 31 ref ref cite news author Matthew Guerrieri title Radius Ensemble leaves lasting impression url http www.boston.com news globe living articles 2007 11 19 radius ensemble leaves lasting impression work Boston ... , ref cite news author Richard Dyer title Chords from Radius url http harvardmagazine.com 2007 09 ... links http www.radiusensemble.org Radius Ensemble website Category Chamber music groups Category Musical ... more details
Because the Earth is not perfectly Sphere spherical , no single value serves as its natural radius . Distances ... each yield a convenient Mean radii mean radius of 6,371 km 3,959 mi . While radius normally ... that models the Earth. It can also mean some kind of average of such distances, or of the radius of a sphere ... for a more complete discussion of models. The first scientific estimation of the radius of the earth was given by Eratosthenes . Earth radius is also used as a unit of distance, especially in astronomy and geology . It is usually denoted by math R oplus math . Introduction Radius and models ... that suits the need. Each of the models in common use come with some notion of radius . Strictly speaking, spheres are the only solids to have radii, but looser uses of the term radius are common in many ..., the fixed distance from any point on the model to the specified center is called a radius of the Earth or the radius of the Earth at that point . ref The value of the radius is completely dependent ... to refer to any Mean radii mean radius of a spherical model as the radius of the earth . On the Earth s real surface, on other hand, it is uncommon to refer to a radius , since there is no practical need. Rather, elevation above or below sea level is useful. Regardless of model, any radius falls ..., sufficiently close to treat it as a sphere in many contexts and justifying the term the radius of the Earth ... s, so that the equatorial radius math a math is larger than the polar radius math b math by approximately ... by tenths of meters over a nearly 12 hour period see Earth tide . Radius and local conditions File ... s radius improved accuracy. Given local and transient influences on surface height, the values defined ..., the radius can be estimated from the curvature of the Earth at a point. Like a torus the curvature ... perpendicularly East West . The corresponding Radius of curvature applications radius of curvature ... absolutely precise radius. One can only adopt an idealized model. Since the estimate by Eratosthenes ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2008 Infobox Disease Name Absent radius Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICD9 755.25 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Absent radius is a very rare medical condition in which the radius bone radius bone is not developed. This results in a typical position of the arm in which the wrist is plantarflex ed and radially deviated. Classification The aetiology of radial club hand or radial dysplasia can be divided into sporadic and syndromal cases. Sporadic cases are not inherited and are presumed to be due to de novo genetic mutations. Syndromal cases certain syndromes have a higher than expected association with radial dysplasia. Typically, organ systems are affected that develop at the same time as the upper limb VACTERL association or VATER syndrome Holt Oram syndrome Edwards syndrome haematopoietic syndromes Fanconi anemia Thrombocytopaenia with Absent Radius TAR syndrome craniofacial syndromes Nager s Syndrome Goldenhar s syndrome Mobius syndrome cleft lip and palate Treacher Collins syndrome skeletal syndromes and isolated skeletal associations Klippel Feil syndrome Sprengel deformity syndactyly scoliosis teratogens radiations valproic acid thalidomide Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system Category Congenital disorders of musculoskeletal system genetic disorder stub pl Aplazja ko ci promieniowej pt Aus ncia cong nita do r dio ... more details
doi 10.1086 311416 arxiv astro ph 9803131 Astronomy length Category Sun Radius Category Stellar ... fa fr Rayon solaire ko hi id Radius matahari it Raggio solare lb Sonneradius ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Image Radius rod sway bar.jpg thumb right A radius rod also called a radius arm or a torque arm is a suspension vehicle suspension member intended to control wheel motion in the longitudinal fore aft plane. The link is connected with a rubber or solid Bushing isolator bushing on one end to the wheel carrier or axle , on the other to the chassis or unibody of the vehicle. Radius rods typically are mounted ahead of the wheel. In that position they resist dive under brake braking forces and wheel hop under acceleration . Radius rods are customarily made of machine press stamped steel or aluminum for lightness, as they are part of the vehicle s unsprung weight . Improvements in composite materials technology make possible plastic suspension links, although they are still uncommon. Other suspension components can be made to act as radius rods under certain conditions. For example, the rear suspension of the original 1966 Oldsmobile Toronado used shock absorber s to connect the rear beam axle to the frame these shocks controlled longitudinal wheel movement, but their damping action prevented the forces of those movements from being felt by the passengers. On a vehicle with longitudinal leaf spring s, such as a Hotchkiss drive suspension, the springs themselves provide some longitudinal wheel control. One or more torque arms may be added to provide supplementary wheel control, particularly for vehicles with strong torque such as drag racing drag racers . On some leaf spring equipped vehicles, such as 1960s Chrysler Corporation cars, the springs are mounted so that a greater portion of the spring s length is forward of the wheels, improving wheel control on acceleration. A side effect of such positioning is that the shorter, aft portion of the springs may not be stiff enough to control wheel movement under braking forces, which can lead to pronounced wheel hop in hard stops. DEFAULTSORT Radius Rod Category Automotive suspension technologies ... more details
The hydrodynamic radius of a macromolecule or colloid particle has two meanings. Some books use it as a synonym for the Stokes radius . ref cite book author Gert R. Strobl title The Physics of Polymers Concepts for Understanding Their Structures and Behavior publisher Springer Verlag year 1996 isbn 3 540 60768 4 Section 6.4 page 290. ref Others books define a theoretical hydrodynamic radius math R hyd math . They consider the macromolecule or colloid particle to be a collection of math N math subparticles. This is done most commonly for polymer s the subparticles would then be the units of the polymer. math R hyd math is defined by math frac 1 R hyd stackrel mathrm def frac 1 N 2 langle sum i neq j frac 1 r ij rangle math where math r ij math is the distance between subparticles math i math and math j math , and where the angular brackets math langle ldots rangle math represent an ensemble average . ref cite book author J. Des Cloizeaux and G. Jannink title Polymers in Solution Their Modelling and Structure publisher Clarendon Press year 1990 isbn 0 19 852 036 0 Chapter 10, Section 7.4, pages 415 417. ref The theoretical hydrodynamic radius math R hyd math was originally an estimate by John Gamble Kirkwood of the Stokes radius of a polymer. The theoretical hydrodynamic radius math R hyd math arises in the study of the dynamic properties of polymers moving in a solvent . It is often similar in magnitude to the radius of gyration . Notes references References Grosberg AY and Khokhlov AR. 1994 Statistical Physics of Macromolecules translated by Atanov YA , AIP Press. ISBN 1 56396 071 0 fi Hydrodynaaminen s de Category Polymer physics ... more details
cleanup date January 2012 Dr. Radius Prawiro , Drs.ec.,AK Yogyakarta city Yogyakarta , 29 June 1928&ndash Germany , 26 May 2005 was an Indonesia n economist and politician. Education The son of a teacher called Suradi Prawiro, Radius attended school in Yogyakarta. In 1942, while still at Middle School he became a cigarette vendor. After finishing school, he continued his education in the Nederlands Economische Hogeschool in Rotterdam , The Netherlands . After graduation, he completed a doctorate at the Faculty of Economics at the University of Indonesia in Jakarta . Career His economic and political career began as the Secretary of the People s Security Committee Badan Keamanan Rakyat in Yogyakarta in 1945 and continued as TRI Disambiguation needed date June 2011 Liaison Officer Perwira Markas ... Fund and the Vice Governor of the Asian Development Bank for Indonesia from 1967 1971. Radius ... Development published in 1998. ref Prawiro, Radius 1998 , Indonesia s Struggle for Economic Development Pragmatism in Action, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. ref Hobbies and family Radius ... institutions. Citation needed date February 2007 Radius Prawiro had four children with his ... Yusni Prawiro and Pingkan Riani Putri Prawiro. Citation needed date February 2007 Radius died ... fullnews 102306.html Radius Prawiro Meninggal Dunia , Liputan 6, 26 May 2005 Indonesian http www.tokohindonesia.com ensiklopedi r radius prawiro index.shtml Profil di tokohindonesia.com Indonesian http www.kompas.co.id utama news 0505 26 201855.htm Radius Prawiro Meninggal Dunia , KOMPAS, 26 May 2005 ... idkanal 10 Radius Prawiro Wafat , DetikCom, 26 May 2005 Indonesian Use dmy dates date June 2011 Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Prawiro, Radius ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1928 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 2005 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Prawiro, Radius ... disease deaths in Germany Category Finance Ministers of Indonesia id Radius Prawiro ... more details
Properties of mass The Schwarzschild radius sometimes historically referred to as the gravitational radius ... of an object smaller than its Schwarzschild radius is a black hole . Once a stellar remnant collapses within this radius, light cannot escape and the object is no longer visible. ref Chaisson, Eric ... radius associated with every quantity of mass . The Schwarzschild radius was named ... to be known as the Schwarzschild radius . The physical significance of this singularity , and whether ... The Schwarzschild radius of an object is proportional to the mass. Accordingly, the Sun has a Schwarzschild radius of approximately convert 3.0 km mi abbr on while the Earth s is only about 9.0 mm, the size of a peanut . The observable universe s mass has Schwarzschild radius of approximately ... 0 style border bottom 1px solid gray align center math radius s math m align center math density ... radius is smaller than its Schwarzschild radius is called a black hole . The surface at the Schwarzschild radius acts as an event horizon in a non rotating body a rotating black hole operates slightly ..., hence the name black hole . The Schwarzschild radius of the currently hypothesized supermassive black ... radius The Schwarzschild radius is proportional to the mass with a proportionality constant ... math r s math is the Schwarzschild radius math G math is the gravitational constant math m math ... density can be large enough to fall within its own Schwarzschild radius, math V s propto rho 3 ... math is its density. Classification by Schwarzschild radius Supermassive black hole Assuming constant density, the Schwarzschild radius of a body is proportional to its mass, but the radius is proportional ... , its Schwarzschild radius increases more quickly than its radius. At around 150,000,000 times the mass of the Sun, such an accumulation will fall inside its own Schwarzschild radius and thus it would ... this density , such an accumulation would fall within its own Schwarzschild radius at about 3 solar ... more details
Flight s trainee team, Beta Flight . Radius is lated hired by X Corps , a militaristic strike force ..., a.k.a. Banshee comics Banshee . The X Corps was ultimately betrayed by its criminal members. Radius .... ref New Avengers 18 ref . It was later revealed that Unus the Untouchable was Radius father after .... Powers and abilities Radius before been depowered could generate a permanent force field around him ... Ralphie Hutchins has been also called Radius which was his third form. ref comicbookdb type characteracter id 3483 title Radius Ralphie Hutchins ref He is also known as Brute comics Brute , Seeker, Torque comics Torque , Earthlord and Entity. He first appeared in She Hulk vol. 1 6 and as Radius in She .... 2 142 Footnotes reflist External links http alphaflight.net alphanex index.php?title Radius AlphaFlight.Net Alphanex Entry On Radius http alphaflight.net forum.php Discuss Radius on the Alpha Waves ... Profile on Radius Category Comics characters introduced in 1998 Category Marvel Comics superheroes ... Radius Division Alpha pt Radius Marvel Comics ... more details
Image RadiusGauges2.jpg thumb 150px right Two types of radius gauges A radius gauge , also known as a fillet gauge , ref harvnb Frane 1994 p 128 . ref is a tool used to measure the radius of an object. ref harvnb Frane 1994 p 281 . ref Radius gauges require a bright light behind the object to be measured. The gauge is placed against the edge to be checked and any light leakage between the blade and edge indicates a mismatch that requires correction. ref harvnb Kennedy Hoffman Bond 1987 p 233 . ref A good set of gauges will offer both convex and concave sections, and allow for their application in awkward locations. References Notes Reflist Bibliography Citation last Frane first James T. title Craftsman s Illustrated Dictionary of Construction Terms publisher Craftsman Book Company year 1994 edition Illustrated url http books.google.com ?id 2MmD063OfdwC isbn 9781572180086 . Citation last Kennedy first Clifford W. last2 Hoffman first2 Edward G. last3 Bond first3 Steven D. title Inspection and Gaging publisher Industrial Press Inc. year 1987 edition 6th, Illustrated url http books.google.com ?id 1KEaITaGSuwC isbn 9780831111496 . Metalworking navbox toolopen Category Dimensional instruments Category Metalworking measuring instruments pl Promieniomierz zh ... more details
In Riemannian geometry , the filling radius of a Riemannian manifold X is a metric invariant of X . It was originally introduced in 1983 by Mikhail Gromov mathematician Mikhail Gromov , who used it to prove his Gromov s systolic inequality for essential manifolds systolic inequality for essential manifolds , vastly generalizing Loewner s torus inequality and Pu s inequality Pu s inequality for the real projective plane , and creating Systolic geometry in its modern form. The filling radius of a simple loop C in the plane is defined as the largest radius, R 0 , of a circle that fits inside C math mathrm FillRad C subset mathbb R 2 R. math Dual definition via neighborhoods There is a kind of a dual point of view that allows one to generalize this notion in an extremely fruitful way, as shown by Gromov. Namely, we consider the math epsilon math neighborhoods of the loop C , denoted math U epsilon ... manifold X imbedded in, say, Euclidean space E , we could define the filling radius relative to the imbedding ... math is the inclusion homomorphism. To define an absolute filling radius in a situation where X is equipped ... X right . math Relation to diameter and systole The exact value of the filling radius is known in very few cases. A general inequality relating the filling radius and the Riemannian diameter of X was proved in Katz, 1983 the filling radius is at most a third of the diameter. In some cases, this yields the precise value of the filling radius. Thus, the filling radius of the Riemannian circle of length ... bound in terms of the systole Gromov, 1983 . More generally, the filling radius of real projective ..., the filling radius is a sixth of the systole in these cases. The precise value is also known for the n spheres Katz, 1983 . The filling radius is linearly related to the systole of an essential manifold M . Namely, the systole of such an M is at most six times its filling radius, see Gromov ... Geometry 18 1983 , 1 147. Katz, M. The filling radius of two point homogeneous spaces. Journal of Differential ... more details
The stability radius of an object system, function, matrix, parameter at a given nominal point is the radius of the largest ball mathematics ball , centered at the nominal point, all whose elements satisfy pre determined stability conditions. The picture of this intuitive notion is this Image Radius of stability 1.png 500px where math hat p math denotes the nominal point, math P math denotes the space of all possible values of the object math p math , and the shaded area, math P s math , represents ... where math B rho, hat p math denotes a closed ball mathematics ball of radius math rho math in math ... of interest. Relation to Wald s maximin model It was shown ref name MS10 that the stability radius ... to force the math max math player not to perturb the nominal value beyond the stability radius ... a stability radius model characterized by a simple stability requirement of the form math r c le R q ..., tilde u math denotes a ball of radius math alpha math centered at math tilde u math . Image Infogap robustness.png 500px Since stability radius models are designed to deal with small perturbations ... convenient to define the stability radius slightly different. For example, in many applications in control theory the radius of stability is defined as the size of the smallest destabilizing perturbation ... , 11, 289 302. ref . The picture is this Image Radius of stability 3.png 500px More formally ... of math p in P math from math hat p math . Stability radius of functions The stability radius ... of stable functions by S D and the stability radius by r f,D , then math r f,D inf g in C g f g notin ... f,D 0 as long as C contains zero . Applications The notion of stability radius is generally applied ... . This result means that the stability radius is bound with the minimal value that f reaches on the unit ... has a stability radius of 1 80 if q is the power basis and the norm is the infinity norm. So there must ... references DEFAULTSORT Stability Radius Category Polynomials ... more details
In mathematics , the radius of convergence of a power series is the radius of the largest disk mathematics ... convergence uniformly on compact sets inside the open disk of radius equal to the radius of convergence, and it is the Taylor series of the analytic function to which it converges. When the radius .... The radius of convergence r is a nonnegative real number or such that the series converges if math ... enough to the center and diverges if it is too far away. The radius of convergence specifies how close .... The radius of convergence is infinite if the series converges for all complex number s z . Finding the radius of convergence Two cases arise. The first case is theoretical when you know all the coefficients math c n math then you take certain limits and find the precise radius of convergence. The second ... to a hundred terms. In this second case, extrapolating a plot estimates the radius of convergence. Theoretical radius The radius of convergence can be found by applying the root test to the terms of the series ... Hadamard theorem . Note that r 1 0 is interpreted as an infinite radius, meaning ..., and when that limit exists, it shows that the radius of convergence is infinite. NOTE The ratio test ... Domb Sykes plot Domb Sykes plot Practical estimation of radius Domb Sykes plot redirects here and so ... at math varepsilon tfrac12 math and the radius of convergence is math r tfrac12. math Suppose you ... n math increases, these coefficients settle into a regular behavior determined by the nearest radius ... the intercept of this line as an estimate the reciprocal math 1 r math of the radius of convergence ... math 1 r math of the radius of convergence. You may also estimate two subsidiary quantities. Estimate ... math 1 n 2 math . Then extrapolating to math 1 n 2 0 math estimates math cos theta math . Radius of convergence in complex analysis A power series with a positive radius of convergence can be made into a holomorphic function by taking its argument to be a complex variable. The radius of convergence ... more details
Infobox single Name Action Radius Cover Caption Artist Junkie XL featuring Sliver Surfing Rudeboy from Album Big Sounds of the Drags A side B side Released 2000 Format Compact Disc Recorded 1999 Genre Hip hop , Electronic music Electronic Length 3 56 Label Manifesto Records Writer Silver Surfing Rudeboy Producer Junkie XL Certification Chart position Last single This single Next single Action Radius is a song written by Silver Surfing Rubeboy and recorded by electronica DJ Junkie XL who included the writer of the song as a special guest . The song has been widely thought by fans to been recorded in 1999, but the actual date is unknown. Contary to popular belief, Action Radius is not featured on the standard edition of Big Sounds of the Drags . The record label who distributed the initial 1999 issue of the album including the track, didn t like the song, leading to Junkie XL to remove it from its reissues. However, they allowed him to release as a single in 2000. In 2003, it was featured in the soundtrack to the Electronic Arts published racing video game Need for Speed Underground . EA also included it in a unreleased beta of Need For Speed Carbon 2006 , but eventually pulled it off the final version. Unreferenced date April 2008 Category Electronica ... more details
The Einstein radius is the radius of an Einstein ring , and is a characteristic angle for gravitational lens ing in general, as typical distances between images in gravitational lensing are of the order of the Einstein radius. Derivation Image Gravity lens geometry.png thumb right 300px Lens geometry The geometry of gravitational lenses In the following derivation of the Einstein radius, we will assume that all of mass math M math of the lensing galaxy math L math is concentrated in the center of the galaxy. For a point mass the deflection can be calculated and is one of the classical tests of general relativity . For small angles math alpha math the total deflection by a point mass math M math is given see Schwarzschild metric by math alpha frac 4G c 2 frac M b math where math b math is the impact parameter the distance of nearest approach of the lightbeam to the center of mass math G math is the gravitational constant , math c math is the speed of light . By noting that, for small angles and with the angle expressed in radian s, the point of nearest approach b at an angle math theta math for the lens math L math on a distance math d L math is given by math b theta d L math , we can re express the bending angle math alpha math as math alpha theta frac 4G c 2 frac M theta frac 1 d ... gives a characteristic value for math theta math that is called the Einstein radius , denoted math ... frac 4GM c 2 frac d LS d L d S right 1 2 math The Einstein radius for a point mass provides a convenient linear scale to make dimensionless lensing variables. In terms of the Einstein radius, the lens ... and the distances in Giga parsec Gpc . The Einstein radius most prominent for a lens typically halfway ... math at a distance of 1 Gigaparsec 1 Gpc this radius could be as large as 100 arcsec called macrolensing ... for at galactic distances say math d sim 3 kpc math , the typical Einstein radius would be of order ... Einstein Radius Category Gravitational lensing gl Radio de Einstein ... more details
Infobox company company name Radius Ventures company logo File RadiusLogo.JPG 200px Radius Ventures company type Private company Private foundation 1997 founder Jordan S. Davis, Daniel C. Lubin location New York City New York , New York , United States industry Venture capital , growth equity products Investments , venture capital homepage http www.radiusventures.com www.radiusventures.com num employees Radius Ventures is a venture capital firm located in New York City New York that invests in expansion stage health and life sciences companies. Founded in 1997 by Jordan S. Davis and Daniel C. Lubin, Radius has raised in excess of 200 million in three funds and has invested in over 40 companies since inception. The firm is currently investing its third fund, Radius Venture Partners III L.P., which closed in 2008 with approximately 104 million in capital under management. ref http investing.businessweek.com research stocks private snapshot.asp?privcapId 31333755 Radius Venture Partners III . BusinessWeek . accessed 10 February 2012 ref Portfolio Companies Current and past investments include ref http www.onemedplace.com network list cid 2937 Radius Ventures . OneMedPlace . ref col begin col 2 ActiveHealth Management Aetna Aethon ref http boston.citybizlist.com 7 2008 9 19 Radius Ventures CoLeads 14M Round in Aethon.aspx Radius Ventures Co Leads 14M Round in Aethon . September 19, 2008. accessed 27 January 2012 ref Ambit Biosciences AMICAS Merge Healthcare ref http www.merge.com MergeHealthcare media documents Investors AMICASFAQ30910IR.pdf FAQs on the proposed Merge Healthcare Acquisition of AMICAS . March 9,2010. accessed 17 February 2012 ref Amicus Therapeutics Athersys ref http www.bioenterprise.com Companies Athersys BioEnterprise Athersys . BioEnterprise . accessed 27 ... radius ventures llc Healthsense Announces Investment by Radius Ventures, LLC . Aging in Place ..., Pfizer Advisory Board http radiusventures.com team advisory board.html List of Radius Ventures ... more details
Radius of gyration or gyradius is the name of several related measures of the size of an object, a surface, or an ensemble of points. It is calculated as the root mean square distance of the objects parts from either its center of gravity or a given axis. Applications in structural engineering In structural engineering , the two dimensional radius of gyration is used to describe the distribution of cross section geometry cross sectional area in a column around its centroidal axis. The radius of gyration is given by the following formula math R mathrm g 2 frac I A , math or math R mathrm g sqrt frac I A , math where I is the second moment of area and A is the total cross sectional area. The gyration radius is useful in estimating the stiffness of a column. However, if the principal moments of the two dimensional gyration tensor are not equal, the column will tend to buckling buckle around ... bodies of matter, the radius of gyration is usually calculated as an integral. Applications in mechanics The radius of gyration r about a given axis can be computed in terms of the mass moment ... edition 1st equation 5 30 ref Molecular applications In polymer physics , the radius of gyration is used to describe the dimensions of a polymer ideal chain chain . The radius of gyration of a particular ... position of the monomers. As detailed below, the radius of gyration is also proportional to the root ...,j left mathbf r i mathbf r j right 2 . math As a third method, the radius of gyration can also be computed ... of a polymer sample are quasi infinite in number and constantly change over time, the radius ... molecules of the sample and over time. That is, the radius of gyration which is measured is an average ... called theta conditions follows a random walk in three dimensions. The radius of gyration for this case ... vary over orders of magnitude. math N math is reduced accordingly. One reason that the radius of gyration ... reality. The hydrodynamic radius is numerically similar, and can be measured with Dynamic Light Scattering ... more details
Infobox Bone Name Body of radius Latin corpus radii GraySubject 52 GrayPage 219 Image Gray214.png Caption The radius and ulna of the left forearm, posterior surface. The top is proximal elbow and bottom is distal wrist . Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre c 56 DorlandsSuf 12260789 The body of the Radius bone radius or shaft of radius is prismoid in form, narrower above than below, and slightly curved, so as to be convex lateralward. It presents three borders and three surfaces. Borders The volar border margo volaris anterior border extends from the lower part of the tuberosity above to the anterior part of the base of the styloid process below, and separates the volar from the lateral surface. Its upper third is prominent, and from its oblique direction has received the name of the oblique line of the radius it gives origin to the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle also flexor digitorum sublimis and flexor pollicis longus muscle the surface above the line gives insertion to part of the supinator muscle . The middle third of the volar border is indistinct and rounded. The lower fourth is prominent, and gives insertion to the pronator quadratus muscle , and attachment to the dorsal carpal ligament it ends in a small tubercle, into which the tendon of the brachioradialis muscle is inserted. The dorsal border margo dorsalis posterior border begins above at the back of the neck, and ends below at the posterior part of the base of the styloid process it separates the posterior from the lateral surface. is indistinct above and below, but well marked in the middle third of the bone. The interosseous crest crista interossea internal or interosseous border begins above, at the back part of the tuberosity, and its upper part is rounded and indistinct it becomes sharp and prominent as it descends, and at its lower part divides ... small radius on the right and ulna left of the left forearm, anterior view small gallery Gray s Bones ... more details
The LeRoy radius , derived by Robert J. LeRoy , defines the internuclear distance between two atoms at which LeRoy Richard Barry Bernstein Bernstein theory sometimes called near dissociation theory becomes valid. LeRoy Bernstein theory is a semi classical WKB approximation WKB approach for describing Molecular vibration vibrational energy levels near the molecular dissociation limit. ref cite journal last Leroy first Robert J. coauthors Richard B. Bernstein date 1970 title Dissociation energies of diatomic molecules from vibrational spacings of higher levels application to the halogens journal Chemical Physics Letters volume 5 issue 1 pages 42 44 doi 10.1016 0009 2614 70 80125 7 bibcode 1970CPL.....5...42L ref In this limit, the interaction potential between two atoms can be approximated as math V r mathfrak D C n r n math , which gives rise to a simple analytical approximation for the vibrational energy levels math G v mathfrak D X n C n v mathfrak D v frac 2n n 2 . math In this expression, math X n C n math is a simple function depending only upon n and C sub n sub , and math v mathfrak D math can be identified as an effective vibrational quantum number at dissociation. LeRoy later defined an expression for the radius that approximates a boundary between the region where electron exchange Quantum mechanics quantum mechanical terms are prominent, and the region where atoms and molecules approximately interact through the laws of classical physics and, thus, LeRoy Bernstein theory as independent charge distributions and van der Waals force van der Waals interactions expressible as a power series in the internuclear separation . This radius is defined as ref cite journal last ... 2 math , where r sub A sub and r sub B sub denote the Atomic radius atomic radii of the two atoms. For math ... expression, called the m dependent LeRoy radius, which depends on the magnetic quantum number m ... yields the traditional LeRoy Radius in the special case of a spherical, S state, atom. The LeRoy radius ... more details
In mathematics, the conformal radius is a way to measure the size of a simply connected planar domain math D math viewed from a point math z math in it. As opposed to notions using Euclidean distance say, the radius of the largest inscribed disk with center math z math , this notion is well suited to use in complex analysis , in particular in conformal map s and conformal geometry . A closely related notion is the transfinite diameter or logarithmic capacity of a compact space compact simply connected set math D math , which can be considered as the inverse of the conformal radius of the Complement set theory complement math E D mathrm c math viewed from Riemann sphere infinity . Definition Given a simply connected domain math D subset C math in the complex plane, and a point math z in D math , by the Riemann mapping theorem there exists a unique conformal map math f D to mathbb D math onto the unit disk with math f z 0 in mathbb D math and derivative math f z in R math . This is usually called the uniformizing map . The conformal radius of math D math from math z math is then defined as math mathsf rad z,D frac 1 f z ,. math The simplest example is that the conformal radius of the disk of radius math r math viewed from its center is also math r math , shown by the uniformizing map ... calculated. Relation to inradius That it is a good measure of radius is shown by the following ... boundary of math D math , or in other words, the radius of the largest inscribed disk with center ..., math D subseteq z z c 0 leq 2 c 1 ,, math where the radius math 2c 1 math is sharp for the straight ... 1975 . Applications The conformal radius is a very useful tool, e.g., when working with the Schramm ... mr 0357743 Citation last1 Kuz mina first1 G. V. year 2002 title Conformal radius of a domain url ... Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, G ttingen isbn Citation last1 Pooh first1 Charles title Conformal radius ... by Eric W. Weisstein. DEFAULTSORT Conformal Radius Category Complex analysis ... more details
The rms charge radius is a measure of the size of an atomic nucleus , particularly of a proton or a deuteron . It can be measured by the scattering of electron s by the nucleus and also inferred from the effects of finite nuclear size on electron energy levels as measured in Atomic spectrum atomic spectra . Definition The problem of defining a radius for the atomic nucleus is similar to the problem of atomic radius , in that neither atoms nor their nuclei have definite boundaries. However, the nucleus can be modelled as a sphere of positive charge for the interpretation of electron scattering experiments because there is no definite boundary to the nucleus, the electrons see a range of cross sections, for which a mean can be taken. The qualification of rms for root mean square arises because it is the nuclear cross section, proportional to the square of the radius, which is determining for electron scattering. For deuteron s and higher nuclei, it is conventional to distinguish between the scattering charge radius, r sub d sub obtained from scattering data , and the bound state charge radius, R sub d sub , which includes the Darwin Foldy term to account for the behaviour of the anomalous magnetic moment in an electromagnetic field ref citation first L. L. last Foldy title Neutron Electron ... Marsden experiment The first estimate of a nuclear charge radius was made by Hans Geiger and Ernest ... of the foil as the source. Rutherford was able to put an upper limit on the radius of the gold nucleus ... . ref Later studies found an empirical relation between the charge radius and the mass number , A , for heavier ... of 1.2 1.5 fm. This gives a charge radius for the gold nucleus A 197 of about 7.5 fm ... Ingo year 2003 title On the rms radius of the proton journal Phys. Lett. B volume 576 issue 1 2 pages ... citation last1 Sick first1 Ingo first2 Dirk last2 Trautmann year 1998 title On the rms radius of the deuteron ... of a proton and a negative muon indicates a significantly lower value for the proton charge radius ... more details
Orphan date January 2011 Context date October 2009 Critical radius is the minimum size that must be formed by atoms or molecules clustering together in a gas, liquid or solid matrix before a new phase inclusion a bubble, a droplet, or a solid particle is stable and begins to grow. Formation of such stable nuclei is called nucleation . In precipitation models this is generally a prelude to models of the growth process itself. Sometimes precipitation is rate limited by the nucleation process. This happens for example before one takes a cup of superheated water from a microwave and, when jiggling it against dust particles on the wall of the cup, enables heterogeneous nucleation that then rapidly converts much of that water into steam. If the change in phase forms a crystalline solid in a liquid matrix, the atoms might then form a Dendrite crystal dendrite . The crystal growth continues in three dimensions, the atoms attaching themselves in certain preferred directions, usually along the axes of a crystal, forming a characteristic tree like structure of a dendrite. Example the critical radius for spheric like dendride in an ideal system can be determined from its Gibbs free energy math G frac 4 3 pi r 3 G v 4 pi r 2 gamma math where math G v math is the Gibbs volume energy and math gamma math is the interfacial energy. The critical radius math r c math is found by setting the derivative of math G math equal to zero math frac dG dr 4 pi r c 2 G v 8 pi r c gamma 0 math yielding math r c frac 2 gamma G v math , where math gamma math is the surface energy, and math G v math is Gibbs energy per volume. See also Nucleation Homogeneous nucleation Heterogeneous nucleation Ostwald ripening References N.H.Fletcher, Size Effect in Heterogeneous Nucleation, J.Chem.Phys.29, 1958, 572. Category Critical phenomena Category Phase transitions Physics stub ... more details
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