text Savoraim from 625 till 1050 color turkiz shift 15, hx text Geonim from 1050 till 1500 color TeaGreen ... red width 2 Legend columns 4 left 125 top 25 columnwidth 150 Colors id aaa value red legend Era of the Geonim timeline div center Geonim lang he also Romanization of Hebrew transliterated Gaonim ... Exilarch who wielded secular authority over the Jews in Islamic lands. Geonim is the plural of ... His Excellency. The Geonim played a prominent and decisive role in the transmission and teaching ... rendered during the period of the Talmud. Era The period of the Geonim began in 589 Hebrew calendar ... was tortured to death in 1040 hence the activity of the Geonim covers a period of nearly 450 years ... Gaonate gained ascendancy Louis Ginzberg in Geonica . Role in Jewish life The Geonim officiated ... of the Mishnah , gave rise to the Talmud , and while the Saboraim definitively edited it, the Geonim ... schools were the chief centers of Jewish learning the Geonim, the heads of these schools, were ... they virtually ceased sending their questions to Babylonian Geonim. The title Gaon The title of gaon ... the ancient Sanhedrin . In many responsa of the Geonim, members of the schools are mentioned ... great sanhedrin. Gaon Amram calls them in a responsum Responsa der Geonim, ed. Lyck, No. 65 the ordained .... Works of the Geonim Responsa See History of Responsa Geonim History of Responsa Geonim Early .... More discursive were the responsa of the later geonim after the first half of the 9th century ... learning. The later geonim did not restrict themselves to the Mishnah and Talmud, but used the decisions ... as authoritative. These responsa of the later geonim were often essays on Talmudic themes, and since ... ha Geonim Brief Rulings of the Geonim Constantinople 1516 Sheelot u Teshuvot me ha Geonim Constantinople ... 533 responsa arranged according to subject and an index by the editor Teshuvot Ha Geonim , ed. Mussafia Lyck 1864 Teshuvot ha Geonim Shaare Teshuvah with commentary Iyye ha Yam by Israel Moses ... more details
Mar Isaac ref name JE http www.jewishencyclopedia.com view.jsp?artid 168&letter F FIRUZ SHABUR , jewishencyclopedia.com Article ref Hebrew ref name Iggeret Iggeret Rav Sherira Gaon ref , or ref name Iggeret , or merely was a Geonim Gaon of the Yeshiva academy of Firuz Shapur in Babylon , during the transition period between the Savora Jewish sages and the Geonim . The academy in Firuz Shapur functioned for several generations as a third Yeshiva academy in Babylon, in parallel to the Pumbedita Academy Pumbedita and Sura Academy Sura Yeshiva academies. Mar Isaac was the last Dean of the Yeshiva academy in Firuz Shapur. During the times Babylon was conquered by the Muslims, Mar Isaac came with 90,000 Jews to meet the conqueror, Ali Ibn Abi Talib , and was received in a friendly manner ref name JE . References reflist geonim Category Geonim he rabbi stub ... more details
Gaon may refer to Gaon Hebrew , means honorable sage plural Geonim Gaon village , in Hindi or Marathi or Assamese means a village Gaon Chart , record chart in South Korea A surname Yehoram Gaon , Israeli singer disambig fr Gaon homonymie ru ... more details
Hezekiah Gaon or Hezekiah ben David lang he , or Hezekiah b. David was the last Gaon Hebrew Gaon of the Talmudic academies in Babylonia Talmudic academy in Pumbedita from 1038 40. Hezekiah was a member of the exilarch al family, son of David,who was son the of Zakkai,who was the son of Avraham, who was the son of Nathan, son of David a Rabbi , whose father was Hazub ref http www.angelfire.com ego et deo davidicdynasty.wps.htm ref . He was elected to the office of principal after the murder of Hai Gaon , but was denounced to a fanatical government of the Buyyids , imprisoned, and tortured to death. With him ended his family, with the exception of two sons who escaped to the Iberian Peninsula , where they found a home with Joseph ben Samuel , the son of Samuel ha Nagid . The death of Hezekiah also ended the line of the Geonim, which began four centuries before see Hanan of Iskiya , and with it the Academy of Pumbedita . The Spanish poet Hiyya al Daudi d. 1154 was descended of one of the Hezekiah s sons, named David. Bibliography Rabad, Sefer ha Kabbalah Zacuto, The book of Lineage Gans, ema Dawid, i. Gr tz, Gesch. v. 428 Jost, Gesch. der Juden und Seiner Sekten, ii. 287. References JewishEncyclopedia reflist Geonim rabbi stub Category Geonim Category 11th century rabbis Category Rabbis of Academy of Pumbedita fr Hizkiya Gaon es Ezequ as Ga n ... more details
Cleanup date August 2011 Gaon originally referred in Ancient Hebrew to arrogance and haughty pride Amos 6 8 . Later became known as pride in general whether good or bad Pride of Late medieval and modern Hebrew for genius . Today it may refer to One of the Geonim , that is to say the heads of the two major academies, at Pumbedita and Sura city Sura , and later in Baghdad, during the period 589 1040. Prominent Geonim are Sar Shalom Natronai II , Gaon of Sura Gaon to 857 Amram Gaon , Gaon of Sura Gaon 857 875 Hai Gaon Saadia Gaon Sherira Gaon Yehudai Gaon Samuel ben Hofni Geonim An honorific title given to a few leading rabbis of other countries in the same period, such as Nissim Ben Jacob Nissim Gaon Specific rabbi s of later periods, called gaon wise The Vilna Gaon The Rogatchover Gaon The Lisser Gaon , Rabbi Jacob of Lissa The Steipler Gaon Many great Rabbis, Who date August 2011 although not formally referred to as the Gaon of ... , are nonetheless sometimes lauded with this honorific as a mark of respect, and as a means to indicate greatness. See also Genius disambiguation SIA Category Hebrew language Category Orthodox rabbinic roles and titles ... more details
Nehemiah ben Kohen Tzedek was the head gaon of the Academy of Pumbeditha Academy of Pumbeditha from 960 to 968. ref http www.jewishencyclopedia.com view.jsp?artid 617&letter N NEHEMIAH BEN KOHEN EDE , jewishencyclopedia.com Article ref Nehemiah was the son of Kohen Tzedek Kahana ben R. Joseph , who had been gaon. While his predecessor, Aaron ibn Sargado , was still in office, Nehemiah tried to have him removed but the college insisted on retaining him, as he was in every respect superior to his opponent. After Sargado s death Nehemiah finally succeeded in seizing the office by a trick, although the majority of the college, headed by the ab bet din, R. Sherira, refused to recognize him, and he was supported by only a few members and some wealthy laymen. Nothing is known of his scholarly attainments or of his activity as gaon. Nehemah died in 968, and was succeeded as gaon by Sherira Gaon . References reflist This article incorporates sections of the http www.jewishencyclopedia.com view.jsp?artid 617&letter S&search sherira Jewish Encyclopedia entry on Nehemiah ben Kohen Tzedek. See also Geonim Geonim Category Geonim Category Rabbis of Academy of Pumbedita ... more details
Geon may refer to Geon geology , a time interval Geon physics , a hypothetical gravitational wave packet Geon psychology , a geometrical primitive out of which everyday objects can be represented Geon, short for geonim , rabbis in the medieval era Geon, a character from the King of the Monsters series of video games Geon Emotions , a video game for Xbox 360 s Xbox Live Arcade service Geon video game Geon video game , for PlayStation 3 s PlayStation Network and Nintendo Wii disambig ... more details
Mar Isaac may refer to Mar Isaac bishop , early bishop of Seleucia, see Synod of Mar Isaac Isaac the Syrian , d. ca. 700 Mar Isaac of Firuz Shapur , Geonim Gaon of the Jewish Yeshiva academy in Firuz Shapur in Babylon . hndis Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
Mar ben R. Huna Hebrew or Mar b. Huna or Mar bar Huna died 614 , Hebrew calendar or 620 , Hebrew calendar ref Year 614 , Hebrew calendar see Prof. Shlomo Zalman Havlin & Isaac Iodlub The Geonic teachings or Rafael Halperin , Tree of life , vol. 3, appendix The Geonic years of tenure , and in the articles on Savora and Geonim in the latter part of vol. 4 Year 620 , Hebrew calendar was noted by Rabbi Naftali Jacob Cohen in his book Sefer Otsar ha gedolim, alufe Ya a ov , vol. 1 Otzar opening , page 19. ref was one of the first Geonim Gaon s, and head of the Sura Academy in Babylon at the end of the rule of the Sassanid Empire . He led the re opening of the Sura Academy year 591 , Hebrew calendar ref Iggeret Rav Sherira Gaon ref or some believe year 609 , Hebrew calendar ref See Sherira Gaon , Igeret Rav Shrira Gaon ed. Binyamin Menashe Levin , p. 100 and notes on the formula swap. Formula influenced the scholer Rabbi Yitzhak Isaac Halevy Rabinowitz in his book the Dorot Harishonim , part 3, p. 172 Rabbi Naftali Jacob Cohen in his book Sefer Otsar ha gedolim, alufe Ya a ov , vol. 1 Otzar opening , page 19. ref . After some 50 years it became inactive due to Anti Jewish decrees and pogroms during the Jewish Savora sages era. Mar ben Huna was, according to one opinion based on Iggeret Rav Sherira Gaon , the first Gaon of the Sura Academy and according to another opinion one of the Savora sages and their era. References reflist Geonim Category Geonim Category Rabbis of Academy of Sura Category Year of death unknown rabbi stub he ... more details
source for the larger work. References references Robert Brody, The Geonim of Babylonia ... OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH Geonim Category Geonim Category 8th century ... more details
Dodai ben Nahman Hebrew or Rav Dorai , Hebrew was a History of the Jews in Iraq Babylonian Jewish scholar of the eighth century CE and Gaon Hebrew gaon of the Talmudic academies in Babylonia Talmudic academy at Pumbedita 761&ndash 764 . Little is known of his life. He was a brother of the famous Judah ben Nahman , gaon at Sura city Sura 759&ndash 762 , and with him was instrumental in preventing the eventual founder of Karaism , Anan ben David from succeeding to the exilarchate made vacant by the death of Solomon ben Hasdai exilarch Solomon ben Hasdai and Isaac Iskoy ben Solomon , Anan s kinsmen. References http www.jewishencyclopedia.com view.jsp?artid 410&letter D&search Dodai Ginzberg, Louis and S. Mendelsohn. Dodai ben Nahman . Jewish Encyclopedia . Funk and Wagnalls, 1901 1906, which contains the following bibliography Sherira Gaon , Iggerot Heinrich Graetz Gr tz , Gesch . v. 176, 418 Halevy, Dorot ha Rishonim , iii. 81a, 102a. Geonim DEFAULTSORT Dodai Ben Nahman Category Geonim Category Iraqi Jews Category 8th century rabbis Category Rabbis of Academy of Pumbedita he ... more details
Saadia is a Jewish name Jewish and Arabic name . It can refer to several people Saadia Gaon Ninth century rabbi, philosopher, and exegete of the Geonim Geonic period . Saadia Afzaal Pakistani journalist and television news anchor. Saadia Marciano Israeli social activist, politician, and founder of the Black Panthers Israel Black Panthers . Saadia Himi Dutch model and beauty queen. Dany Saadia Mexican entrepreneur, screenwriter, and filmmaker. Saadia Kobashi Leader of Yemenite Jews in Israel and one of the signatories to Israel s declaration of independence. Nouara Saadia Algerian politician Saadia Ibn Danan Fifteenth century rabbi, poet, and Dayan in Grenada . disambig fr Saadia homonymie ... more details
Hananel , Prof. Eliezer Segal Geonim Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Chananel Ben ... century rabbis Category Geonim Category Tunisian rabbis Category People from Kairouan rabbi stub ... more details
Geonim Category 6th century rabbis Category 7th century rabbis Category Rabbis of Academy of Pumbedita Category Geonim fr Hanan d Isqiya he ... more details
the era of the Jewish Amora and Geonim sages. The academy was founded at the beginning of the second ... for about 800 years, during the course of the Amora , Savora , and Geonim eras, and up until ... Rabbah Jose and Simuna , and Geonim Rab Rabbah Gaon and Paltoi ben R. Abaye Paltoi ben Abbaye Gaon ... at Pumbedeita city in year 589 Hebrew calendar . During the era of the Geonim , the two Talmudic academies were correspondingly active as well. One of Pumbedita s Geonim Gaon s a title for the deans of these academies during the Geonim era , R. Hai ben R. David approximately in years 898 ... Gaon and his son Hai Gaon , towards the end of the era of the Geonim sages. Thousands of letters with Halacha ..., and from all around the Jewish diaspora , and the Geonim of the academy worked hard to respond to their questions ... , the era of the Geonim has ended. Exilarch Hezekiah ben David was appointed dean of the academy of Pumbedita ..., and moved back to Pumbedita city after 50 years Geonim era ref name List Names The list names in accordance ... List of the Geonim of Sura and Pumbedita ref ref name List Dates The list dates are in accordance ... of the Geonim of Sura and Pumbedita http books.google.com books?id 8vTTCwG0nKIC&pg PA404&lpg PA404&dq ..., died in 1038. His death is consider the conclusion of the era of the Geonim sages. Exilarch Hezekiah ... Library Article Geonim Category Talmudic Academies in Babylonia Category Jewish Babylonian history ... more details
ancient authorities, like the geonim Sherira and Hai ben Sherira ref Teshubot ha Ge onim, ed. A. Harkavy ... and usages of the Halakhot Gedolot are elsewhere cited under the names of Geonim of that place ... and in North Africa the legal decisions of the Geonim were incorporated into the book, and its ... . This redaction was used by the Babylonian geonim and by the German and northern French scholars ... , the order of the weekly lessons, and, most important of all, legal decisions of the Geonim , usually ... Robert Brody, The Geonim of Babylonia and the Shaping of Medieval Jewish Culture , Yale 1998 JewishEncyclopedia Geonim Category Geonim Category 9th century rabbis he ... more details
Eras of the Halakha Zemah ben Hayyim Hebrew or sometimes Zemah b. Hayyim was Gaon Hebrew Gaon of Sura from 889 to 895. He was the stepbrother and successor of Nahshon ben Zadok , and has become known especially through the reply which he made to the inquiry of the Kairwanites regarding Eldad ha Dani . This responsum, which appeared in part in the first edition of the Shalshelet ha abbalah Venice, 1480 , was republished as completely as possible by A. Epstein in Vienna in his Eldad ha Dani. It embraces nine points and concludes with an apology for Eldad s forgetfulness. According to Epstein, only one other responsum by ema has been published it is given in the Constantinople edition of the Pardes , and ends with the same words as does the first mentioned responsum . I.H. Weiss , however, ascribes to this gaon also the authorship of responsa in Sha are ede iv., No. 14 and in the compilation emdah Genuzah Nos. 58 61, 111 131 . Nothing is known of the gaon s personal career. Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography A. Epstein , Eldad ha Dani, pp. 6 10, Presburg, 1891 Reifmann, in Ha Karmel, viii., No. 32 Monatsschrift, 1874, p. 553 Z. Frankel , ib. 1878, p. 423 Gr tz, Gesch. v. 243 245 Weiss, Dor , iv. 124, 264. External links http www.jewishencyclopedia.com view.jsp?artid 99&letter Z Jewish Encyclopedia article for Zemah ben Hayyim , by Joseph Jacobs and Schulim Ochser . Geonim JewishEncyclopedia he Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Zemah ben Hayyim ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Rabbi DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Zemah ben Hayyim Category Geonim Category 9th century rabbis Category Year of death unknown Category Rabbis of Academy of Sura ... more details
Ahavat Olam , Eternal love is the second prayer that is recited during Maariv . It is the parallel blessing to Ahava Rabbah that is recited during Shacharit , and likewise, is an expression to G d for the gift of the Torah. ref ia arfe odesh By Richard N. Levy, Hillel, the Foundation for Jewish Campus Life, page 62 ref Ahava Rabbah is recited in the morning and Ahavat Olam is recited in the evening as a compromise. Ahava Rabbah is the Ashkenazi prayer, and Ahavat Olam is the Sephardi prayer. Sephardim recite Ahavat Olam at both Shacharit and Maariv. ref The JPS guide to Jewish traditions By Ronald L. Eisenberg, Jewish Publication Society, page 412 13 ref The debate over this recitation occurred between the Geonim . Saadia Gaon had made a ruling that followed that of his predecessor Amran . The last two Geonim, Sherira Gaon and Hai Gaon , made the final ruling which stands to this day. ref My People s Prayer Book Welcoming the night Minchah and Ma ariv By Lawrence A. Hoffman, Marc Brettler, page 63 ref Theme The theme of Ahavat Olam is that G d provides love in good times and in bad. Nighttime, when there is darkness, is a time associated with danger. Nevertheless, G d provides protection at night, and the sun always rises in the morning. ref The Shema Spirituality and Law in Judaism By Norman Lamm, page 103 ref Ahavat Olam is also seen as the blessing over the mitzvah of the recitation of the Shema. ref Jewish values in a changing world By Yehuda Amital, Yehudah Ami al, page 136 ref References reflist Jewish prayers Category Maariv ... more details
For the Geonim sage, see Achai Gaon . For the Amora sages see Rabbi Aha or Aha b. Jacob or Aha b. Raba . Eras of the Halakha R. Ahai lang he , read as Rav Achai sometimes recorded as R. Aha , Hebrew , read as Rav Acha was a Jewish Savora sage of the first generation of the Savora era. R. Ahai is the most recorded Savora sage in the Babylon ian Talmud . His though questions in the Talmud are excerpted as a foreword font face Georgia R. Ahai retorted ... ref ... ref font . The sages of the Land of Israel said of him quote text font face Georgia Give heed to the opinion of R. Ahai for he enlightens the eyes of the exile font sign B. Talmud , Tractate Chullin , 59b As to his exact identification and period, there are number of premises. References reflist External links http www.jewishencyclopedia.com view.jsp?artid 962&letter A AHAI , Jewish Encyclopedia article Savoraim Category Talmud rabbis of Babylonia Category Savoraim Judaism stub he ... more details
For the Amora sage of Babylonia , of the first Amora generation, see Rav Kahana I . br For the Amora sage of Babylonia , of the third Amora generation, see Rav Kahana III . br For the Amora sage of Babylonia , of the fifth and sixth Amora generation, see Rav Kahana IV Eras of the Halakha Rav Kahana II lang he , read as Rav Kahana Ha sheni , lit. Rabbi Kahana II Recorded on the Talmud merely as R. Kahana was a Jewish Amora sage, active in Babylon and in the Land of Israel , and of the second generation of the Amora sages era. He was a disciple of R. Abba Arika Rav . According to the Geonim tradition, Rav Kahana was the stepson of Abba Arika from his second wife. Despite his name, that usually bears the title of Kohen presit , he was not a Cohen ref This can be learned from Tractate Hullin , 132a Talmud ref . References reflist Amoraim Category Talmud rabbis of the Land of Israel Category Talmud rabbis of Babylonia Judaism stub he ... more details
N Jewish Encyclopedia article on Natronai ben Hilai , by Wilhelm Bacher and S. Mendelsohn . Geonim JewishEncyclopedia DEFAULTSORT Natronai Ben Hilai Category Geonim Category 9th century rabbis Category ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Yiram of Magdiel fl. tenth century was a minor Jewish commentator on the Bible , active in Rome . The term Magdiel , which appears in Book of Genesis Genesis 36 43, was apparently interpreted as Rome see Rashi on that verse , so that his name was really Yiram of Rome. Yiram was a younger contemporary of Saadia Gaon and perhaps even his student. He apparently wrote a commentary on the Books of Chronicles , which is only known from a handful of fragments. These were later compiled into a single document, together with the works of other commentators such as Judah ibn Kuraish . The document was edited and published in Frankfurt am Main , Germany , in 1874 under the title Ein Kommentar zur Chronik aus dem 10. Jahrhundert. From this text it seems that the original compiler of the work was critical of Yiram s interpretation of the subject matter, and said that he did not fully understand the meaning of the passages on which he commented. References JewishEncyclopedia Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Rabbi DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH Category Geonim Category 10th century rabbis Category People from Rome Category Bible commentators Category Year of death unknown Jewish hist stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Moses of Kiev was a History of the Jews in Russia Jewish Talmud ist who lived in the first half of the 12th century. Moses seems to have been in western Europe in consequence of the expulsion of the Jews from Kiev in 1124 comp. Firkowitz in Ha Karmel, ii.407 . It is not impossible that he was a pupil of Jacob b. Me r Tam , whom he seems to have known see Tam s Sefer ha Yashar, No. 522, p. 29a . From Russia Moses carried on a correspondence with Samuel ben Ali , the head of the Talmudic Academies in Babylonia Babylonian academy , and through Moses Western scholars learned of an important legal decision of the Geonim which had been communicated to him by Samuel Responsa of Me r b. Baruch of Rothenburg, ed. Bloch, No. 494 . Another responsum from Samuel to Moses is found in the manuscript Yi use Tanna im wa Amora im, whose author is probably Judah ben Kalonymus of Speyer . Whether or not this Moses is identical with Rabbi Moses the Russian , whom the author of Sefer ha Shoham mentions, is doubtful. Bibliography Epstein, Das Talmudische Lexicon, etc., in Monatsschrift, xxxix. 511 also printed separately idem, in Monatsschrift, xl.134. JewishEncyclopedia DEFAULTSORT Moses Of Kiev Category 12th century rabbis Category People from Kiev ... more details
For the Geonim sage, also an Exilarch , see Mar Ukba . For the Amora sage of the 3d generation, also an Exilarch , see Mar Ukban III exilarch also known as Ukban ben Nehemiah or Nathan de Zuzita . Eras of the Halakha Mar Ukva ref name S O T http www.joshua parker.net sages result.php?sage id 151 Mar Ukva , Sages of the Talmud ref or Mar Ukba ref http www.answers.com topic mar ukba Encyclopedia of Judaism Mar Ukba ref other Mar Ukva I ref name S O T was a Jewish Amora sage of Babylon , of the first generation of the Amora era. He served as an Exilarch during the days of Samuel of Nehardea , who was also his Rabbi, but at the same time, Samuel was subordinated to Mar Ukva in Ukva s capacity as Av Beit Din Chief of the rabbinical Sanhedrin court, and its second highest ranking member. He resided at Kafri city, Babylonia , where his Beth din rabbinical court was also located. According to the Iggeret Sherira Gaon Rav Sherira Gaon , he was appointed Exilarch after R. Huna Kamma died. In the Talmud it is storied that he was a righteous man and used to give Tzedakah Charity practice Charity anonymously, in order not to shame the needy he handed the charity to. As a disciple of Samuel of Nehardea, he also had knowledge in medicine . References reflist Amoraim Category Talmud rabbis of Babylonia Category Exilarchs Judaism stub he ... more details
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