other uses incoherent date January 2012 Image Gingerbread men.jpg thumb 200px Gingerbread men . Gingerbread ... . They probably also share a common history. Etymology Originally, the term gingerbread from Latin zingiber ... with honey and spice s. Gingerbread is often used to translate the French term pain d pices literally .... History Image PL gingerbread from Torun.jpg thumb right 200px Traditional Toru gingerbread Image Gingerbread house.jpg thumb right 200px A Lebkuchen house Gingerbread was brought to Europe ... years, and taught the Gingerbread cooking to French priests and Christians. He died in 999. ref ... baking gingerbread to ease indigestion in 1444. ref http www.annas.se artikel.asp?artikelId 34&strukturId ... documented trade of gingerbread biscuits dates to the 16th century, where they were sold in monasteries ... in Shropshire , UK became known for its gingerbread, as is proudly displayed on their town s welcome sign. The first recorded mention of gingerbread being baked in the town dates back to 1793 however .... Gingerbread became widely available in the 18th century. Varieties Image Ginger Bread House PC210088.JPG thumb right 200px A gingerbread house Image Cakegingerbread.jpg thumb right 200px Gingerbread in cake form Akin to the original Middle Eastern recipes, English gingerbread is a dense, treacle treacly ... way of making it is to melt the fat and then mix all the ingredients in a bowl called the gingerbread ... served with warm lemon sauce. In the United States , this form of gingerbread is sometimes called gingerbread cake or ginger cake to distinguish it from the harder forms as in England it is typically ... its recipe did not involve ginger . Parkin cake Parkin is a form of hard gingerbread made with oatmeal and treacle which is popular in the North of England. In Germany gingerbread is made in two ... markets such as the Christmas markets that occur in many German towns. The hard gingerbread ... of cutting gingerbread into shapes takes many other forms, and exists in many countries, a well known ... more details
Gingerbread , a sweet that can take the form of a cake or cookie Gingerbread may also refer to TOC right Entertainment Gingerbread Buffy episode Gingerbread Buffy episode , an episode of the TV series Buffy the Vampire Slayer Gingerbread novel Gingerbread novel , by Rachel Cohn Science and technology Gingerbread, the code name of version 2.3 of Google s Android operating system Android operating system Gingerbread tree , or thebaica, a type of palm tree Other Gingerbread charity , a UK charity supporting single parent families Gingerbread, a highly decorated Victorian architecture house See also Gingerbread Man disambiguation lookfrom Gingerbread intitle Gingerbread disambig ko th ... more details
other uses Gingerbread Man disambiguation Refimprove date October 2008 Image Gingerbread men.jpg thumb 200px Gingerbread men. A Gingerbread man is a biscuit or cookie made of gingerbread , usually in the shape ... Gingerbread dates back to the 15th century, and figural biscuit making was practiced in the 16th ... New York 1998 p. 183 ref The first documented instance of figure shaped gingerbread biscuits appearing was in the court of Elizabeth I of England . She had the gingerbread figures made and presented ... History Gingerbread Men.html title A History of Gingerbread Men accessdate 2009 11 13 ref Characteristics File GingerbreadPeople.JPG thumb 250px Decorated gingerbread woman and lead singer of Rata Blanca . Most gingerbread men share the same roughly humanoid shape, with stubby feet and no fingers. Many gingerbread men have a face, though whether the features are indentations within the face ..., or raisins. In world records According to the 2009 Guinness Book of Records , the world s largest gingerbread ..., Texas , United States at their annual Festival of Lights celebration. The gingerbread man weighed ... gingerbread man put on display. The Dane County Court Appointed Special Advocates CASA unveiled the world s largest gingerbread man. It stood 26 feet and 2 inches 797.5 cm tall, although its weight ... , the eponymous hero leads an army of gingerbread men against the Mouse King and his fellows. The Gingerbread Man is a fairy tale about a living gingerbread man that gets devoured by a fox . Gingerbread Man Shrek Gingy is a talking gingerbread man character in the Shrek series of movies. He is derived from the children s story The Gingerbread Man . Sweet Gingerbread Man was a 1971 popular song ... , with music by Michel Legrand and lyrics by Marilyn and Alan Bergman . The Gingerbread Man film The Gingerbread Man , a 1998 film directed by Robert Altman and starring Kenneth Branagh , Robert Downey Jr and Robert Duvall . Gingerbread Man album Gingerbread Man , a 1994 album by the avant garde ... more details
Refimprove date January 2008 Image PL gingerbread from Torun.jpg thumb Gingerbreads of different shapes Commons Category Gingerbread Toru gingerbread lang pl pierniki toru skie , lang de Thorner Lebkuchen is a traditional Polish cuisine Polish gingerbread that has been produced since the Middle Ages in the city of Toru Thorn . Varieties Gingerbread covered with chocolate Katarzynki Catherine s gingerbread , Gingerbread hearts, Gingerbread hearts covered with chocolate Filled gingerbread covered with chocolate Gingerbread iced Gingerbread iced, filled Classic gingerbread Decorative gingerbreadGingerbread monuments History File Traditional gingerbread mold 2 Piotr Kuczynski .jpg thumb Traditional wooden gingerbread mold File Traditional gingerbread mold 1 Piotr Kuczynski .jpg thumb Traditional wooden gingerbread mold Old Polish sayings connect Toru with making some form of pierniki , and the expansion ...?id historia&jezyk 1 Kopernik.com.pl ref A considerable factor behind the development of gingerbread ... mention of Toru gingerbread comes from 1380 and speaks of a local baker called Niclos Czana ... production of the gingerbread ensued. The largest factory was owned by Gustaw Weese, based on tradition dating from 1760, when Jan Weese started to bake gingerbread. Gustaw Traugott Wesse inherited .... Gustaw Wese sold it in January 1939 to the Polish company Spo em and left for his other gingerbread ... in the production of gingerbread was founded by Jan Ruchniewicz in 1907. The enterprise prospered quite successfully and had 50 workers. It was especially known for the ornamental gingerbread topped with Toru s crest. Toru gingerbread in Polish culture Pierniki Toru skie, as they are known in their country ... notable figures who received the gingerbread as gift from the city are Maria Kazimiera Sobieska the widow ... of the legends claims that the gingerbread was a gift from Queen of Bees to the apprentice Bogumi ... from Gda sk, Toru s gingerbread, ladies from Krak w, and shoes from Warsaw . J zef Epifani Minasowicz ... more details
File .jpg right 150px thumb A Tula gingerbread with the Coat of Arms of Russia printed. File Tula gingerbread.jpg thumb right 150px A Tula gingerbread with the caption Tulsky adjective from Tula and the Coat of Arms of Tula, Russia Tula printed. Tula gingerbread is a type of printed gingerbread from the city of Tula, Russia Tula , the most famous kind of Russian gingerbreads. Usually the Tula gingerbread look like a rectangular tile or a flat figure. Modern Tula gingerbreads usually contain jam or condensed milk , while in the old times they were made with honey . Gingerbreads are known in Tula, Russia Tula since 17th century. The first mention of the Tula gingerbread is in Tula ensus book of 1685. ref ru icon cite web url http russia.worlds.ru articles russia article 1642.shtml title publisher russia.worlds.ru ref There is a museum called Tula gingerbread , opened in Tula in 1996. ref ru icon cite web url http www.oldtula.ru 040000.html title publisher oldtula.ru ref Today Tula gingerbreads are made at confectionery factories Staraya Tula Old Tula and Yasnaya Polyana Yasnaya Polyana , and also by several small companies. Links references Russian souvenirs state expanded Category Russian Regional Food Specialties Category Tula, Russia Category Russian inventions Category Cakes cv es Pan de jengibre de Tula ru uk ... more details
The Gingerbread Lady is a play by Neil Simon , written specifically for actress Maureen Stapleton , ref Fisher, James and Woronoff, Jon ed . http books.google.com books?id m6O5 spILIUC&pg PA758&dq 22The Gingerbread Lady 22 22Maureen Stapleton 22&hl en v onepage&q 22The 20Gingerbread 20Lady 22 20 22Maureen 20Stapleton 22&f false Maureen Stapleton Historical Dictionary of Contemporary American Theater, 1930 2010 Volume I 2011 , The Scarecrow Press, Inc., ISBN 978 0 8108 5532 8, p. 758 ref who won both the Tony Award and Drama Desk Award for her performance. Productions The Gingerbread Lady opened on Broadway theatre Broadway at the Plymouth Theatre on December 13, 1970 and closed on May 29, 1971, after 193 performances and 12 previews. Directed by Robert Moore director Robert Moore the cast featured, in addition to Maureen Stapleton, Betsy von Furstenberg Toby Landau and Michael Lombard Jimmy Perry . ref Simon, Neil. http books.google.ca books?id aRq9gk3K EgC&pg PR2&source gbs selected pages&cad 3 v onepage&q&f false Contents The Gingerbread Lady 1971 , books.google.ca , Samuel French, Inc., ISBN 0 573 60953 7, pp. ii iv ref It proved to be one of Simon s least successful plays on Broadway. The play was produced by the Equity Library Theater New York City in 1987. ref Bruckner, D.J.R. http theater.nytimes.com mem theater treview.html?res 9B0DE6DC163DF93AA35751C1A961948260 Theater The Gingerbread Lady The New York Times , December 9, 1987 ref Plot overview A major departure from Simon s previous lighthearted plays, The Gingerbread Lady was a dark drama with comic overtones centering on Evy Meara, a cabaret singer whose career, marriage, and health all have been destroyed by alcohol. Having just completed a ten week stint in a drug rehabilitation rehab facility to overcome her ... play. ref Hischak, Thomas S. http books.google.com books?id 1aSM nVScAC&pg PA25&dq 22The Gingerbread ... ibdb title id 3569 Neil Simon DEFAULTSORT Gingerbread Lady, The Category Plays by Neil Simon Category ... more details
Infobox short story See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels name The Gingerbread Girl title orig author Stephen King country United States US language English language English series n a genre Horror fiction Horror , Suspense published in Esquire magazine Esquire , br Just After Sunset publication type Periodical publisher media type Magazine pub date June 15, 2007 small first publication small preceded by n a followed by n a The Gingerbread Girl is a novella by Stephen King that was originally published in the July issue of Esquire magazine Esquire magazine on June 15 of 2007. ref cite news url http www.msnbc.msn.com id 19172874 publisher MSNBC title New Stephen King thriller coming to Esquire date June 11, 2007 ref It was later included in King s Just After Sunset collection in 2008 in literature 2008 . The Gingerbread Girl was also released as an audiobook, read by Mare Winningham , by Simon & Schuster Audio on May 6, 2008. The title is an allusion to the fairy tale The Gingerbread Boy also known as The Gingerbread Man . Plot summary After her only daughter Amy suffers a crib death , Emily takes up running as a way to deal with her pain. She believes that only fast running will do she pushes her body to its limits, often vomiting and sweating profusely. Her husband, Henry, finds out about this habit, and treats it as a psychological reaction to grief . Emily is hurt and runs out of the house, down to a local Holiday Inn . She contacts her father and explains her situation after their conversation, Emily decides to stay in her father s summer home, near Naples, FL. In the story, she takes Southwest Air to the Naples Airport, even though, as is noted later, Naples Airport is a private ... ref A brief reference is made to the Gingerbread Girl in Gerald s Game , where Emily shows ... library short story gingerbread girl the.html The Gingerbread Girl at King s official website JustAfterSunset Stephen King DEFAULTSORT Gingerbread Girl Category Short stories by Stephen ... more details
Refimprove date June 2010 Gingerbread 2002 is an award winning book, ref name Jrank first in a teen novel series written by Rachel Cohn . ref name Jrank The book is about Cyd Charrise , a Punk subculture punk girl who lives in San Francisco with her parents Nancy and Sid, and siblings Ashley and Josh. The next two books in this young adult series are Shrimp 2005 and Cupcake 2008 . Characters The characters in the novel Gingerbread are described, below, using in universe tone Cyd Charrise is the narrator of all the books. She is a teenage girl who drives her mother, Nancy, crazy, and is a self proclaimed man s woman . Shrimp is Cyd s on and off boyfriend throughout the series. He is a mellow surfer and artist. Wallace , who is nicknamed Java, is Shrimp s brother and also Delia s boyfriend. Cyd had a short term crush on him. He is another surfer. Delia is Java s girlfriend. She worked with him in his coffee shop. Delia is a great dancer in the story. Sugar Pie was Cyd s first friend. She lives in an assisted living facility. Cyd and Sugar Pie met when Cyd had to do community service there, but now Cyd visits all the time, just to see Sugar. Helen is another friend of Cyd. Her family owns a Chinese restaurant, and she likes to make her mother angry. Helen is an artist and is always drawing, especially her Ball Hunter comic. Autumn is another friend of Cyd. Cyd used to hate her because Autumn had hooked up with Shrimp, but soon found out that Autumn is a lesbian . Danny is Cyd s half brother who lives in New York. He is a baker and co owns a cafe with his boyfriend, Aaron. Danny and Aaron have been together for ten years. Aaron and Danny met in high school and have been together ever since. They own a cafe together called The Village Idiots. Aaron is in a band called My Dead .... Awards The novel Gingerbread received the following awards ref name Jrank American Library Association ... Rachel Cohn s Official Website DEFAULTSORT Gingerbread Novel Category 2002 novels Category ... more details
Gingerbread man is a biscuit or cookie made of gingerbread, usually in human shape. Gingerbread Man may also refer to The Gingerbread Man , or The Gingerbread Boy, a fairy tale The Gingerbread Man film The Gingerbread Man film , a 1998 film by Robert Altman Gingerbread Man Shrek , a character voiced by Conrad Vernon in the Shrek films Gingerbread Man album Gingerbread Man album , a 1994 album by The Residents Gingerbreadman map , a chaotic mathematical 2D map Runner s diarrhea , also known as the gingerbread man Gingerbread Man wrestler See also Gingerbread disambiguation disambiguation ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name The Hunt For The Gingerbread Man Type Album Artist MF Grimm Cover MF Grimm Hunt For The Gingerbread Man.jpg Released September 25, 2007 Recorded 2006 Genre Hip hop music Hip Hop Length Label Day By Day Entertainment br Class A Records br Shogun Distribution br Traffic Entertainment Group Producer MF Grimm br Stricknine br Prowla br Sammsonite br Aksim br Metabolis Last album American Hunger br 2006 This album The Hunt For The Gingerbread Man br 2007 The Hunt For The Gingerbread Man is a concept album by Manhattan , New York rapping rapper MF Grimm that follows a variation of the children s tale The Gingerbread Man . According to the album, the Gingerbread Man played by Grimm escaped from the fox by making him throw up. After that, he stayed on the run as a fugitive. The Hunt for the Gingerbread Man was due to be released in mid summer of 2007 but got pushed back to September 25th, 2007. Around the summer, a single from the album called Earth was released and on September 18th, 2007, a mixtape called The Order Of The Baker was released by Toaster Entertainment to promote the forthcoming album. Track listing Produced by Stricknine, except where noted. Intro The Hunt for the Gingerbread Man Head in the Clouds Produced by Metabolis Gingy Half Baked Produced by Aksim The Fox My House Fame Earth Gangsta Pastries Produced by Prowla Featuring Chico Stick a.k.a. Infinite EVOL See No Evil Outro Head In The Clouds remix Produced by Sammsonite DEFAULTSORT Hunt for the Gingerbread Man, The Category 2007 albums Category MF Grimm albums Category Concept albums ... more details
Other uses Economics sidebar An economy consists of the economic systems of a country or other area the Wage ... of goods economics goods and services of that area. A given economy is the result of a process that involves ... the conditions and parameters in which an economy functions. A market based economy may be described ... this generally fixed resource among competing users. Contemporary Capitalism is a market economy .... On the other hand, tradicional socialism is a command based economy in which markets and the free ... or done by government central planning and state owned enterprises. In this economy all private .... Labor compensation and benefits are decided by central planners. Finally, a mixed economy contains elements of both capitalism and socialism which means a market based economy with a varied degree of government ... the economy revolve around the social science of economics , but may include sociology economic ..., contribute to the economy. Consumption economics Consumption , saving money saving , and investment are variable components in the economy that determine macroeconomic equilibrium. There are three main sectors of economic activity Primary sector of the economy primary , Secondary sector of the economy secondary , and Tertiary sector of the economy tertiary . Due to the growing importance of the financial sector in modern times, ref The volume of financial transactions in the 2008 global economy ... Research, 2009 ref the term real economy is used by analysts ref http blogs.wsj.com marketbeat 2009 07 23 meanwhile in the real economy Meanwhile, in the Real Economy , Wall Street Journal , July 23 ... economy Bank Regulation Should Serve Real Economy , Wall Street Journal , October 24, 2011 ref as well ... economy Perry and Romney Trade Swipes Over Real Economy , Wall Street Journal , August 15, 2011 ref to denote the part of the economy that is concerned with actually producing goods and services, ref http lexicon.ft.com Term?term real economy Real Economy definition in the Financial Times Lexicon ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Gingerbread Man Type studio Artist The Residents Cover Residents gingerbread.jpg Released 1994 Recorded Genre Avant Garde , Noise Rock Length Label Producer Reviews allmusic Rating 3 5 Allmusic class album id r216533 pure url yes link Piero Scaruffi Rating 5 10 http www.scaruffi.com vol4 resident.html link Last album Our Finest Flowers br 1992 This album Gingerbread Man br 1994 Next album Bad Day on the Midway 1995 Gingerbread Man is an album by The Residents , released in 1994. It was their first foray into computer graphics . Original versions of the CD were enhanced with animation s that followed the music when played on a computer. The animations served as a basis for the costumes of the characters when a number of the songs were performed in the 25th anniversary shows in 1997. Later the same year regular CDs, with just the music, were released. The inside cover of the album special edition was held together with a branded label of Velcro . Track listing The Weaver The fool and the death maker die alone The Dying Oilman Blinded by the hostages of fortune The Confused Transsexual Stamen and pistillate together again The Sold Out Artist Black are the legs inside the white sepulchre The Ascetic Shadows doubt the strength of the sun The Old Soldier Safety sells, but war always wins The Aging Musician Narcissus knows no one naked The Butcher The flesh of animals angers anew and moos The Old Woman Kissless are the isolated, rootless are their tongues Ginger s Lament The Residents Category The Residents albums Category 1994 albums 1990s rock album stub pl Gingerbread Man ... more details
Infobox Film name The Gingerbread Man image Gingerbreadmanposter.jpg image size 215px alt caption Theatrical release poster director Robert Altman producer Jeremy Tannenbaum screenplay Al Hayes based on Based on A manuscript John Grisham starring Kenneth Branagh br Embeth Davidtz br Robert Downey, Jr. br Tom Berenger br Daryl Hannah br Robert Duvall music Mark Isham cinematography Gu Changwei editing Geraldine Peroni distributor Universal Studios Universal Pictures released Film date 1998 01 23 runtime 114 minutes country Film US language English budget 25 million gross 1,534,569 USA The Gingerbread Man is a 1998 American legal thriller film directed by Robert Altman and based on a discarded John Grisham manuscript. The film stars Kenneth Branagh , Embeth Davidtz , Robert Downey, Jr. , Tom Berenger , Daryl Hannah , Famke Janssen , and Robert Duvall . Plot Divorced lawyer Rick Magruder Kenneth Branagh stumbles drunk out of a party hosted by his firm and has a chance meeting with a woman named Mallory Doss Embeth Davidtz , a waitress at the party who seems to have lost her car. Rick drives the woman to her home, where her car has been already parked, seemingly by her father, Dixon Doss Robert Duvall . Rick and Mallory walk into the house arguing. Mallory carelessly undresses in front ... s touches, The Gingerbread Man would be a mediocre thriller. Even with them, it can t be more than ... first Mick coauthors title Altman s Sure Touch is Gingerbread s Best Thrill work San Francisco Chronicle ... last Carr first Jay coauthors title Gingerbread Man has the Altman Taste work Boston Globe pages ... title tt0119196 The Gingerbread Man at The Internet Movie Database allrovi movie 158882 The Gingerbread Man mojo title gingerbreadman The Gingerbread Man rotten tomatoes gingerbread man The Gingerbread Man Robert Altman Grisham DEFAULTSORT Gingerbread Man, The Category 1998 films Category 1990s ... films Category Universal Pictures films de Gingerbread Man it Conflitto d interessi film pl ... more details
Infobox television episode Title Gingerbread Image File Gingerbread Buffy the Vampire Slayer .jpg 230px Series Buffy the Vampire Slayer TV series Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season 3 Episode 11 Airdate January 12, 1999 Production 3ABB11 Teleplay Jane Espenson Story Jane Espenson br Thania St. John Director James Whitmore, Jr. Guests Kristine Sutherland as Joyce Summers Elizabeth Anne Allen as Amy Madison Harry Groener as Mayor Buffy the Vampire Slayer Mayor Richard Wilkins Jordan Baker as Sheila Rosenberg Armin Shimerman as Principal Snyder Lindsay Taylor as Little Girl Shawn Pyfrom as Little Boy Blake Swendson as Michael Grant Garrison as Roy Roger Morrissey as Demon Daniel Tamm as Mooster Episode list List of Buffy the Vampire Slayer episodes Prev Amends Next Helpless Buffy the Vampire Slayer Helpless Gingerbread is episode 11 of season 3 of the television show Buffy the Vampire Slayer TV series Buffy the Vampire Slayer . Plot synopsis While on the nightly patrol, Buffy Summers Buffy not only encounters a vampire, but her mother looking for some quality time and a chance to share in the slaying experience. As Buffy kills the vampire, Joyce Summers Joyce discovers the bodies of two dead children in the park. At school the next day, Buffy tells Rupert Giles Giles that the crime should not go unpunished. She draws a symbol which was found on the hands of the two children. He says it s probably occult related, but Buffy cannot quite believe that a human being could do this. At lunch, Willow Rosenberg Willow and Amy Madison Amy sit with Xander Harris Xander and Oz Buffy the Vampire Slayer Oz who exchange a few awkward words. Buffy joins them and fills them in on the murders. Joyce ... Buffy the Vampire Slayer GingerbreadGingerbread imdb episode 0533430 Gingerbread tv.com episode 45 Gingerbread Buffynav BuffyEpisodes DEFAULTSORT Gingerbread Buffy The Vampire Slayer Category ... by Jane Espenson es Gingerbread Buffy the Vampire Slayer fr Intol rance Buffy ... more details
disambig Economy of Czechoslovakia can refer to Economy of Czechoslovakia pre WWII 1918 1939 Economy of communist Czechoslovakia 1945 1989 See also Economy of the Czech Republic , Economy of Slovakia , Economy of the Austro Hungary ... more details
The Economy of Yugoslavia may refer to Economy of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 1943 1992 Economy of Serbia and Montenegro 1992 2003 disambig ... more details
Economy of Korea may refer to Economy of South Korea Economy of North Korea Asia in topic Economy of disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
The economy of China may include or exclude, depending on context or point of view The Economy of the People s Republic of China mainland China The Economy of Taiwan Economy of the Republic of China Taiwan For the Economic history of China , see Economic history of China pre 1911 Economic history of Modern China Economy of the Han Dynasty Economy of the Song Dynasty Economy of the Ming Dynasty See also The Economy of Hong Kong The Economy of Macau disambig Category Economies by region China he ... more details
Wiktionary economyEconomy is the human activity that consists in producing, exchanging, distributing, and consuming goods and services, studied by economics and realised inside an economic system. OR It is responsible for human being activities and institutions for satisfying human needs of the society. Economy may also refer to The quality of being efficient or frugal in using resources see energy conservation World economy , the economy of the world Virtual economy , an economy simulated in a virtual world Economy religion , a bishop s discretionary power to relax rules Economy Thoreau , a chapter from Walden , by Henry David Thoreau Economy class , a class of seating in airline travel Jazz ist anders Economy , Economy version of Die rzte s album Jazz ist anders The economy of Salvation is that part of divine revelation that deals with God s creation and management of the world, particularly His plan for salvation accomplished through the Church Places Economy, Indiana , United States Economy, Pennsylvania , United States Old Economy Village , Pennsylvania, United States Economy, Nova Scotia , an unincorporated community in Maritime Canada disambiguation de konomie Begriffskl rung es Economy fr conomie homonymie it Economy nl Economy pl Economy pt Economy ru sq Ekonomia kthjellim uk vo Economy ... more details
Economy of America or American Economy may refer to Economy of North America , comprises the economies of all sovereign countries geographically located in North America , Central America , and the Caribbean . Economy of South America , comprises the economies of all sovereign countries geographically located in South America . It may also refer to Economy of the United States disambig ... more details
Church economy is either An Eastern Orthodoxy Eastern Orthodox bishop s discretionary power to dispense with rules that parish priests must otherwise rigidly follow see economy Eastern Orthodoxy or Church economic s. disambig ... more details
Unreferenced date September 2009 Cleanup date September 2009 Economic systems sidebar A Digital Economy refers to an economy that is based on digital technologies. The digital economy is also sometimes called the Internet Economy , the New Economy , or Web Economy . Digital economy The concept of a digital economy emerged in the last decade of the 20th century. Nicholas Negroponte 1995 used a metaphor of shifting from processing atoms to processing bits. He discussed the disadvantages of the former e.g., mass, materials, transport and advantages of the latter e.g., weightlessness, virtual, instant global movement . In this new economy, digital networking and communication infrastructures provide a global platform over which people and organizations devise strategies, interact, communicate, collaborate and search for information. For example A vast array of digitizable products databases, news and information, books, magazines, etc which are delivered over the digital infrastructure any time, anywhere in the world. Digital economy in eGovernment With growing population and resource mobilisation, digital economy is not limited to business trading and services only but, it encompasses every aspect of life from health to education and from business to banking. Further while everything is happening on digital medium then why not communication with government. eGovernment is already playing its part in this digital economy by providing eservices through various ministry department to its eCitizen. See also Canada 3.0 Electronic business Electronic commerce Information economy Internet economy information society Knowledge economy Knowledge management Knowledge market Network economy Virtual economy DEFAULTSORT Digital Economy Category Economic systems ko ru sr Digitalna ekonomija uk ... more details
Economic systems sidebar Information economy is a term that characterizes an Economics economy with an increased emphasis on information al activities and information industry . The vagueness of the term has three major sources. First, not surprisingly, there is no agreed upon definition regarding the threshold of when an economy is information economy and when it is not, just as there is no agreed threshold for an agricultural or industrial economy . This is partly because research has been focused on various increases in informational activities, rather than the level it has achieved. It is rare to see research seriously discussing whether a certain level of informatization in an economy is enough to label it as information economy. Second, there are many different kinds of measurements of information ... notably by Manuel Castells , that information economy is not mutually exclusive with manufacturing economy. Citation needed date October 2007 He finds that some countries such as Germany and Japan ... economy is considered a stage or phase of an economy, coming after stages of hunting, agriculture ... some economies have undergone. Service economy , high tech economy , late capitalism , post fordism , and economic globalization global economy are among the most frequently used terms, having some overlaps and contradictions among themselves. Closer terms to information economy would include knowledge economy and post industrial economy . See also precarity Digital economy Electronic business ... society Intellectual property Creative industry Knowledge economy Knowledge market Knowledge policy Virtual economy Also, see The Effective Executive by Peter Drucker 1966 Drucker describes the manual ... Economy. John Wiley& Sons. John Wiley & Sons Cozel, Diane. 1997. The Weightless World. MIT Press. Evans ... Rules A Strategic Guide to the Network Economy. Harvard Business School Press. Tapscott, Donald. 1996. The Digital Economy. McGraw Hill. DEFAULTSORT Information Economy Category Information economy ... more details
Quotefarm date March 2008 Economic systems sidebar Natural economy refers to a type of economy in which money is not used in the transfer of resources among people. It is a system of allocating resources through direct bartering, entitlement by law, or sharing out according to traditional custom. In the more complex forms of natural economy, some goods may act as a referent for fair bartering, but generally currency plays only a small role in allocating resources. As a corollary, the majority of goods produced in a system of natural economy are not produced for the purpose of exchanging them, but for direct ... that Quotation German economists have invented the term Naturalwirtschaft, natural economy, to describe ... of natural economy obviously do not intend the term to be understood in any absolute sense. They are well .... Thus when the early Middle Ages are described as a period of natural economy, all that is meant ... and Das Kapital Capital . Marx comments as follows Quotation Natural economy, money economy, and credit economy have ... been placed in opposition to one another as being the three characteristic economic ... equivalent phases of development. The so called credit economy is merely a form of the money economy ... capitalist production, the money economy appears only as the basis of the credit economy. The money economy and credit economy thus correspond only to different stages in the development of capitalist production, but they are by no means independent forms of exchange vis vis natural economy. With the same justification one might contrapose as equivalents the very different forms of natural economy to those two economies. In the second place, since it is not the economy, i.e., the process of production itself that is emphasised as the distinguishing mark of the two categories, money economy and credit economy, but rather the mode of exchange corresponding to that economy between the various ... economy instead of natural economy. A completely isolated natural economy, such as the Inca state of Peru ... more details
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