wikitionary gipGIPGIP is an acronym with several possible meanings Government Investment Pool Gross Internal Product The G7 G7 8 Global Inventory Project studied employment in the information economy. The Gibraltar pound , the currency issued by the government of Gibraltar . Gastric inhibitory peptide or Glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide is a Digestion Digestive hormones digestive hormone The Global Internet Project In weblog circles, a Gratuitous Icon computing Icon Post Great Indian Peninsula Railway GIP Railway in West and Central British India. GSM Interworking Profile DECT a DECT profile allowing GSM handsets to use DECT base stations. Global Initiative on Psychiatry GIP Gizelle interface process generic Avaya sub processing module The Graph isomorphism Problem GIP, the ICAO airline designator for the airline Air Guinee Express Global Innovation Process at Virtusa Genius in Progress Gip is also a community in the United States Gip, West Virginia Gip may also refer to wikt gipGip or Gyp or Gippy , an informal verb meaning to leave or to betray . It is used in parts of Ireland and the American South. To gag in British regional slang. The word is in increasing use, particularly in the East Midlands , and may have originated in Northern England . The colloquial term, Get It Pumped , to encourage sexual intercourse. Originate primarily in the Central West Of Scotland. disambig de GIP es GIP eo GIP fr GIP it GIP nl GIP ja GIP ru GIP sr GIP sh GIP ... more details
Infobox settlement name Gip official name settlement type Unincorporated area Unincorporated community nickname motto Images image skyline imagesize image caption image flag image seal Maps pushpin map West Virginia pushpin label position the position of the pushpin label left, right, top, bottom, none pushpin map caption Location within the state of West Virginia pushpin mapsize image map map caption Location within Braxton county image map1 mapsize1 map caption1 Location subdivision type List of countries Country subdivision name United States subdivision type1 Political divisions of the United States State subdivision name1 West Virginia subdivision type2 List of counties in West Virginia County subdivision name2 Braxton County, West Virginia Braxton government footnotes government type leader title leader name leader title1 leader name1 established title established date Area unit pref Imperial area footnotes area magnitude area total km2 area land km2 area water km2 Population population as of United States Census, 2000 2000 population footnotes population total population density km2 auto General information timezone Eastern Time Zone Eastern EST utc offset 5 timezone DST EDT utc offset DST 4 elevation footnotes elevation ft coordinates display inline,title coordinates type region US type city latd 38 latm 40 lats 40 latNS N longd 80 longm 59 longs 38 longEW W Area postal codes & others postal code type ZIP code s postal code area code blank name Federal Information Processing ... blank1 info website footnotes Gip is an unincorporated area unincorporated community in Braxton County, West Virginia Braxton County , West Virginia , United States . Gip s elevation is 932 feet ref name locator http westvirginia.hometownlocator.com wv braxton gip.cfm Gip in Braxton County, WV Populated ... links http www.mapquest.com maps?city Gip&state WV Map of Gip, West Virginia from http www.mapquest.com ... County, West Virginia Category Unincorporated communities in West Virginia vo Gip ... more details
Multiple issues wikify February 2012 advert August 2010 context August 2010 The Graduate Institute of Peace Studies GIP was established in 1984 with the aim of training potential world leaders who possess a vision of a new global civil society, and are committed to the promotion of peace and human welfare. GIP is one of graduate schools at Kyung Hee University In recognition of the GIP s contribution to international peace promotion, the GIP was awarded the 1993 UNESCO Prize for Peace Education . Envisioned in the founding goal of the GIP is the establishment of a just, peaceful, secure and aflluent human society for the 21st century. All classes and official events are conducted in English. Students from various background and nationality attend the GIP. Every student at the GIP receives a full scholarship covering his or her tuition and other school fees including room and board. All students are provided, free of charge, with basic textbooks and overseas study tours. Additionally, if students enter a Ph.D. degree program at any world renowned universities, the GIP offers financial support to partially cover the expense of studying abroad. External links http gip.khu.ac.kr coord missing South Korea Category Peace and conflict studies Category Universities and colleges in Gyeonggi Province ... more details
Refimprove date October 2007 Protein Name Gastric inhibitory polypeptide image caption Symbol GIP AltSymbols HGNCid 4270 Chromosome 17 Arm q Band 21 LocusSupplementaryData .3 q22 ECnumber OMIM 137240 EntrezGene 2695 RefSeq NM 004123 UniProt P09681 PDB Gastric inhibitory polypeptide GIP , also known as the glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide is a member of the secretin family of hormone s. ref ... doi 10.1002 dmrr.538 ref GIP, along with glucagon like peptide 1 GLP 1 , belongs to a class of molecules ... 2004 pmid 15655702 doi 10.1055 s 2004 826157 ref Synthesis and transport GIP is derived from a 153 amino acid proprotein encoded by the GIP gene and circulates as a biologically active 42 amino acid ... that the function of GIP is to induce insulin secretion, which is stimulated primarily by hyper osmolarity ... of glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide , while retaining the acronym GIP. The amount of insulin ... 2nd ed., International ed. ref GIP is also thought to have significant effects on fatty acid metabolism through stimulation of lipoprotein lipase activity in adipocyte s. GIP release has been demonstrated ... . GIP is secreted in response to the first maternal feed colostrum in goat kids GIP being measured via umbilical vein before its closure. For ethical reasons, GIP secretion has been demonstrated in humans only at approx 10 days of age. With respect to the role of GIP in lipid metabolism, supraphysiological ... protocols is known to degrade GIPGIP receptors. GIP is part of the diffuse endocrine system and, as a consequence ... diabetics are not responsive to GIP and have lower levels of GIP secretion after a meal when compared ... that absence of the GIP receptors correlates with resistance to obesity . ref name pmid15655707 cite journal author Yamada Y, Seino Y title Physiology of GIP a lesson from GIP receptor knockout mice ... peptid id GIP it Peptide inibitorio gastrico pl Glukozozale ny peptyd insulinotropowy ru fi GIP ... more details
Gastroinhibitory polypeptide s or Gastroinhibitory peptides GIP , are physiologically important in potentiating insulin release. ref name googbook The cholinergic neuron and its target the electromotor innervation of the electric ray Torpedo as a model. Whittaker. Birkhauser. 1992. 572 pgs. ref GIP stimulates insulin release when glucose concentration is elevated. References reflist See also Gastric inhibitory polypeptide glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide Category Peptide hormones biology stub ... more details
A government investment pool GIP , or local government investment pool LGIP , is a state or local government pool offered to public entities for the investment of public funds. These pools are important investments tools, offering safety with a competitive yield. GIP managers are vested with a public trust that the pool will maintain liquidity, diversity, and follow the investment pool s guidelines. GIPs have a history of prudent management however, there have been several isolated incidences of fund losses. Despite these failures, GIPs are required to provide regularly reporting and disclosure to its participants, fund investors. Although many GIPs are managed by government employees, there are also GIPs that are managed by outside investment firms. Participants Participants in a government investment pool may include state or local municipalities, counties, school districts, utility districts, and local government units. State laws or GIP rules and procedures govern the types of participants that can invest in a GIP. Multiple GIPs can be created within a single state. Investment types Investments may include, but are not restricted to, Certificate of deposit certificates of deposit CD , US Treasuries, US Agencies, repurchase agreements , and commercial paper . Regulation Similar to any fund, a GIP follows a set of investment guidelines imposed by the board. Even though the SEC does not regulate GIPs, the pools seek to maintain safe investment strategies. Many states adopted guidelines recommended by various public associations, such as the National Association of State Treasurers NAST , the Government Finance Officers Association GFOA , the Association of Public Treasurers of US & Canada APT US&C and the Governmental Accounting Standards Board GASB . Many GIPs have also acquired a rating from Standard & Poor s , and rated GIPs follow a conservative set of guidelines set by the rating agency . External links https www.sbafla.com pool Florida Local Government Investment ... more details
third party date February 2012 Infobox political party country the Maldives party name Gaumee Itthihaad br National Unity Party br GIP colorcode limegreen name native party logo Image Gaumeeitthihaad1.jpg 175px leader Mohammed Waheed Hassan leader2 title Secretary General leader2 name Topy Ahmed Thaufeeq preceded by foundation August 2008 split Maldivian Democratic Party ideology Social democracy position Centre left national colours Green , White headquarters 1st Floor br Ma. Eureka br Raiydhibay Hingun br Male , Maldives website http www.gip.org.mv www.gip.org.mv image Image Gaumeeitthihaadseal.jpg 150px Gaumee Itthihaad , also known as the National Unity Party or GIP , is headed by Dr. Mohammed Waheed Hassan , current President of Maldives and former and first Vice President of Maldives . GIP is a moderate party that was part of the coalition of former ruling party for the Republic of Maldives . Under the coalition agreement with the Maldivian Democratic Party GIP awarded three seats in the cabinet the Fisheries Ministry, the Education Ministry, and the Ministry for Economic Development and Trade. ref http www.gip.org.mv Official Website of GIP ref Though these positions have been revoked by then President in contravention of the coalition agreement. ref http www.gaumeeitthihaad.org Official Website of Gaumee Itthihaad ref See also The Republic of Maldives Dr. Mohammed Waheed Hassan Maumoon Abdul Gayoom Mohamed Nasheed References Reflist External links http www.drwaheed.com Official site of Dr. Mohammed Waheed Hassan Maldivian political parties Category Politics of the Maldives ... more details
unref date April 2012 Geetanjali Institute of Pharmacy GIP was established in the year 2006 on the golden quadrangle road at Udaipur which has recently emerged as the Education City of Rajasthan , India. The Institute is affiliated to Rajasthan University of Health Sciences RUHS , Jaipur and is approved by Pharmacy Council Of India PCI & All India Council for Technical Education AICTE . coord missing India Category Pharmacy schools in India India university stub ... more details
research in this area was performed for about thirty years. Recent research In 1970, GIP was isolated ..., GIP was renamed glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide in 1973 after Brown and Dupre showed GIP ... inactivated to GLP 1 9 36 by DPP 4 with a plasma half life of only 1 2 minutes. GIP is also rapidly inactivated by DPP 4 to GIP 3 42 . See also exenatide first FDA approved drug that uses the incretin ... more details
The GSM Interworking Profile , usually abbreviated to GIP and sometimes to IWP, is a profile for DECT that allows a DECT base station to form part of a GSM network, given suitable handsets. While proposed and tested, notably in Switzerland in 1995, the system has never been commercially deployed. Infrastructure issues make it less practical and useful to implement than the more recent Generic Access Network GAN UMA system, which can make use of usually unmetered and neutral Internet service to provide the connection back to the network operator. Description Like the later Generic Access Network GAN UMA standard, GIP makes use of a technology that doesn t require licensed spectrum to expand capacity and allow end users, in theory, to improve coverage in areas difficult to reach via large, external, cell towers. GIP is a DECT profile , meaning a set of protocols that runs over the base DECT system. The most popular profile for DECT is GAP, which is used to provide cordless phone service, but this is not used for GIP. In GIP, several of the GSM lower level protocols are replaced by DECT friendly equivalents. Voice channels make use of 32 kbit s ADPCM channels rather than 13 kbit s FR EFR AMR channels, for example. The system supports handoff , and authentication is done via the GSM SIM card as normal. However, DECT terminals need to authenticate themselves against the base station, and this added layer is implementation dependent. The base station is usually connected back to the GSM network via an ISDN line. An A interface is implemented over the ISDN line just as it would be for a Base Station Subsystem BSC . This allows multiple GSM calls and GSM control data to be multiplexed over the 64 kbit s ISDN B channels. Deployments While GIP was deployed to some success at Telecom ... made GIP a difficult sell. In practice, the system appears to be oriented towards carriers instead ... availability of high speed Internet connections, GIP could be redesigned to make use of Internet ... more details
Global Initiative on Psychiatry GIP is an international foundation for mental health reform which took part in the campaign against the political abuse of psychiatry in the USSR . ref name Donskis cite book last Donskis first Leonidas title A Litmus test case of modernity examining modern sensibilities and the public domain in the Baltic States at the turn of the century year 2009 publisher Peter Lang isbn 3034303351 pages 314 url http books.google.com books?id Ombc0FXnpaQC&printsec frontcover PPA314,M1 ref Headquartered in Hilversum , GIP has regional centers in Tbilisi , Sofia , and Vilnius , and a country office in Dushanbe . ref name GIP cite web title What GIP does url http www.gip global.org p 13 99 ms6 0 what gip does publisher Global Initiative on Psychiatry accessdate 19 December 2010 ref GIP is a main contributor to improving psychiatric care in countries of the former Soviet Union as well as Central and Eastern Europe. ref name GIP ref name van Voren 2006 cite journal last van Voren first Robert title Reforming forensic psychiatry and prison mental health in the former Soviet Union journal The Psychiatrist year 2006 volume 30 pages 124 126 doi 10.1192 pb.30.4.124 url http pb.rcpsych.org cgi content full 30 4 124 accessdate 19 December 2010 issue 4 ref It has expanded its focus and as of 2010 is including projects in Asia , Africa , and the Caribbean . ref name GIPGIP also focuses on the political abuse of psychiatry throughout the world ref name van Voren 2010 cite journal last van Voren first Robert title Political Abuse of Psychiatry An Historical Overview journal Schizophrenia Bulletin volume 36 issue 1 pages 33 35 year 2010 pmid 19892821 pmc 2800147 doi 10.1093 schbul sbp119 url http www.gip global.org images 46 516.pdf ref and human rights monitoring. ref name van Voren 2009 cite book last van Voren first Robert title On Dissidents and Madness From the Soviet ... on Psychiatry GIP . ref name Cold War Chief Executive Chief Executive of the Global Initiative ... more details
set up locally, the western branch in Jeddah , and eastern one in Dhahran . The GIP expanded under ... intelligence 65518 ref The GIP s charter was changed by Khalid of Saudi Arabia King Khaled bin ... Intelligence Presidency its membership consisted of the heads of the various departments of the GIP ... was relieved of his duty as the head of GIP by Crown Prince Abdullah of Saudi Arabia Abdullah on January ... of GIP. Prince Faisal bin Abdullah bin Mohammed was appointed as a new assistant president of GIP. GIP Mission The mission of the Presidency is provide strategic intelligence, contribute to achieve ... and appropriate actions. The GIP does this through 1. Early collection of information about countries ... domestic and international situation. Values & Principles The GIP in its work is guided by its core ... links http www.gip.gov.sa sites english Pages default1.aspx GIP Official Website Saudi security ... more details
Golden India Party is a political party in India . GIP opposes both capitalism and communism . The party was founded in 1998. The party president is P.C. Lunia and the secretary is Sunil Bhantia. In the elections to the Lok Sabha 1998 P.C. Lunia stood as a candidate in two constituencies. In Jaipur he got 2 710 votes 0,34 and in Lucknow 292 votes 0,04 . External links http www.goldenindia.net constitution.shtml Party website Category Political parties in India Category Political parties established in 1998 India party stub sv Golden India Party ... more details
PBB geneid 2696 The gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor GIP R also known as the glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GIPR gene . ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 2696 accessdate ref ref name pmid7490109 cite journal author Stoffel M, Fernald AA, Le Beau MM, Bell GI title Assignment of the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor gene GIPR to chromosome bands 19q13.2 q13.3 by fluorescence in situ hybridization journal Genomics volume 28 issue 3 pages 607 609 year 1995 month August pmid 7490109 doi 10.1006 geno.1995.1203 url issn ref The GIP R is seven transmembrane proteins found on beta cells in the pancreas ... family of G protein coupled receptors the glucagon, GIP, GLP 1, and GLP 2 receptors journal Recept ... Gastric inhibitory polypeptide gastric inhibitory polypeptide GIP , also called glucose dependent ... cells was then recognized to be the principal physiologic action of GIP. Together with glucagon like peptide 1, GIP is largely responsible for the secretion of insulin after eating. It is involved ... of GIP a lesson from GIP receptor knockout mice journal Horm. Metab. Res. volume 36 issue 11 12 pages ... transduction of the GIP receptor cloned from a human insulinoma journal FEBS Lett. volume 373 issue ... last7 Seino first7 S last8 Seino first8 Y cite journal author Gallwitz B title GLP 1 GIP chimeric peptides ... GIP receptor GIPR gene journal Endocr. Res. volume 28 issue 4 pages 577 577 year 2003 pmid 12530665 ... promoter region of the GIP receptor gene GIPR in GIP dependent Cushing s syndrome CS journal ... GIP analogues containing different helical length linkers journal Biochemistry volume 42 issue ... in the cellular expression of the human GIP R gene promoter journal Endocr. Res. volume 30 issue ... 2294 title Glucagon Receptor Family GIP accessdate author authorlink coauthors date format work ... more details
BLP sources date March 2011 Ivan Pinheiro Themudo Lessa born May 9, 1935 is a Brazilian people Brazilian journalist ref name Lispector1986 cite book last Lispector first Clarice title The Foreign Legion stories and chronicles url http books.google.com books?id oHZI8U 6HCsC&pg PA168 accessdate 6 March 2011 year 1986 publisher New Directions Publishing isbn 9780811211895 pages 168 ref and writer ref name Rohter2010 cite book last Rohter first Larry title Brazil on the Rise The Story of a Country Transformed url http books.google.com books?id L1FIqWU4JusC&pg PT59 accessdate 6 March 2011 date 2010 08 31 publisher Macmillan isbn 9780230618879 page 59 ref of American descent. Born in S o Paulo , he is the son of the journalist and writer Elsie Lessa and the writer Or genes Lessa and the father of the British writer Juliana Foster . Lessa edited and wrote for the newspaper O Pasquim , ref name Lispector1986 in which he authored the sections Gip Gip Nheco Nheco , Fotonovelas Photo soap operas and Os Di rios de Londres The London Journals , written in partnership with his Heteronym literature heteronym Ed lsio Tavares . He has published three books Garotos da Fuzarca Rogue Lads , short stories, 1986 , Ivan V o Mundo Ivan Sees the World, 1999 and O Luar e a Rainha The Moonlight and the Queen, 2005 . He also translated Truman Capote s In Cold Blood book In Cold Blood to portuguese language Portuguese . Lessa lives in London, where he writes and broadcasts in the Brazilian BBC news website. References Reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Lessa, Ivan ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH May 9, 1935 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Lessa, Ivan Category 1935 births Category Brazilian writers Category Brazilian people of American descent Category Living people Brazil writer stub pt Ivan Lessa ... more details
Onesource date April 2008 File Iran Gas Fields Location PesareAmol.png thumb 300px Iran Gas Fields Location Map The Golshan gas field is one of the NIOC Recent Discoveries which is located at approximately 180 km south east of Bushehr , 65 km offshore the Persian Gulf . The volume of gas in place GIP of the field is estimated at 42 to 56 Cubic foot TCF . ref POGC Website http www.pogc.ir GolshanGasField tabid 156 Default.aspx ref On December 26, 2007, the contract for development of the field was signed between NIOC and SKS of Malaysia , in the presence of the Petroleum Minister of Iran . fact date December 2011 See also World Largest Gas Fields NIOC Recent Discoveries Iran Natural Gas Reserves South Pars Gas Field North Pars Ferdowsi Gas Field Persian LNG References reflist coord missing Iran Category Natural gas fields in Iran fa ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB 31872 ICD10 ICD10 B 36 3 b 35 ICD9 ICD9 111.3 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj derm eMedicineTopic 788 MeshID D010854 Black piedra is a form of piedra caused by Piedraia hortae . ref name urleMedicine Piedra Article by Robert A Schwartz cite web url http www.emedicine.com derm topic788.htm title eMedicine Piedra Article by Robert A Schwartz format work accessdate 2008 11 08 ref Terbinafine has been used in the treatment. ref name pmid8186138 cite journal author Gip L title Black piedra the first case treated with terbinafine Lamisil journal The British journal of dermatology volume Suppl 43 issue pages 26 8 series 130 year 1994 month April pmid 8186138 doi url ref See also White piedra Piedra References reflist Mycoses Category Mycosis related cutaneous conditions Category Fungal diseases es Piedra negra Micosis pt Piedra preta ... more details
multiple issues context November 2011 unreferenced November 2011 medref November 2011 Local hormone s , by one definition, are biologically active polypeptide s that are secreted by nerve cells and gland cells and act in a paracrine fashion but also enter the Circulation physiology circulation . By another definition, local hormones are any hormones acting in a paracrine , autocrine signalling autocrine , and or intracrine manner. Classification According to structural and functional similarity, many local hormones fall into either the gastrin or the secretin family. Gastrin family Gastrin Cholecystokinin CCK Secretin family Secretin Glucagon Glicentin GLI Vaso active intestinal polypeptide VIP Gastric inhibitory polypeptide GIP Others Motilin Neurotensin Substance P Somatostatin was Somatostain Bombesin Serotonin Cell signaling med stub Cell biology stub Category Signal transduction Category Hormones Category Endocrine system Category Cell signaling ... more details
GIP ref name BNS citation last1 Babai first1 L szl author1 link L szl Babai last2 Nisan first2 ... sub vectors. Then GIP y sub 1 sub , y sub 2 sub ,..., y sub k sub is the number of the all 1 rows of matrix ... k sub correspond to the characteristic vector s of k subsets of an n element base set, then GIP corresponds ... name BNS that math C k GIP geq c n over4 k , math with a constant c 0. An upper bound to the multiparty communication complexity of GIP shows ref citation last Grolmusz first Vince doi ... k GIP leq c n over2 k , math with a constant c 0. For a general Boolean function f , one ... lower bound for the GIP function. ref name BNS Reflist Category Applied mathematics Category Information ... more details
Integrale dell Ordinanza del GIP La Repubblica ref it became clear that for years, Fiorani and his ... increasing bank fees. Thus, according to the GIP magistrate Clementina Forleo , many small ... more details
Unreferenced date July 2009 Pai andu is a city in the state of Paran state Paran in southern Brazil. Pai andu was founded in 1948, and emancipated on 19 November 1960. As of the 2000 census, its total population was 30,727 29,584 Urban area urban and 1,143 rural , with an Annual Growth Index of 3.17 . Geography Area 171,604 km Altitude 550,00 m Latitude coord 23 27 20 S 52 02 30 W Distance from Curitiba , the state capital 449 km Distance from Paranagu , Paran s primary seaport 540 km Distance from Maring , site of the nearest major airport 7 km Climate Pai andu s subtropical climate offers hot summers and concentrated wet season s Pai andu has no dry season . The average high temperature is 22 C. Frost rarely accompanies the winter weather the average low temperature is 18 C . Economy Participation in the Municipal GIP Farming 8.72 Industry 38.92 Services 52.35 Number of inhabitants who are actively employed 14,597 Primary crops Soy Maize Sugar cane Primary industries Health and nutrition Leather Brewing See also List of cities in Brazil DEFAULTSORT Paicandu Category Populated places in Paran state eo Pai andu Paranao bpy it Pai andu mg Pai andu nl Pai andu no Pai andu pt Pai andu Paran ro Pai andu ru vo Pai andu war Pai andu ... more details
Politics of Maldives Political party Political parties in the Maldives were legalized when the Maldivian parliament voted unanimously for the creation of a multi party system on June 2, 2005. This came after decades of authoritarian rule. Prior to this ruling, political parties had not been not allowed under the Maldivian legal system. Registered parties Major parties Maldivian Democratic Party MDP Dhivehi Rayyithunge Party DRP Gaumee Itthihaad GIP Other parliamentary parties People s Alliance Maldives People s Alliance PA Dhivehi Qaumee Party DQP Republican Party Maldives Republican Party Jumhooree Party JP Extraparliamentary parties Adhaalath Party AP Islamic Democratic Party Maldives Islamic Democratic Party IDP Maldives Social Democratic Party MSDP Maldives National Congress MNC People s Party Maldives People s Party PP Poverty Alleviating Party PAP Social Liberal Party Maldives Social Liberal Party SLP Progressive Party of Maldives PPM See also Politics of the Maldives List of political parties by country External links http www.elections.gov.mv parties.html Register of political parties at the Republic of Maldives Elections Commission. Maldivian political parties Asia topic List of political parties in Category Political parties in the Maldives da Politiske partier i Maldiverne ... more details
Image Fracturezone.svg thumb 350px An illustration of the difference between the active transform faults between offset ridge axes, and inactive fracture zones. Image Blanco Fracture Zone.jpg thumb 350px U.S.G.S. Blanco Fracture Zone regions image A fracture zone is a linear oceanic feature often hundreds, even thousands of kilometers long resulting from the action of offset mid ocean ridge axis segments. They are a consequence of plate tectonics . Lithospheric plates on either side of an active transform fault move in opposite directions here, strike slip activity occurs. Fracture zones extend past the transform faults, away from the ridge axis seismically inactive because both plate segments are moving in the same direction , they display evidence of past transform fault activity, primarily in the different ages of the crust on opposite sides of the zone. In actual usage, many transform faults aligned with fracture zones are often loosely referred to as fracture zones although technically, they are not. See also List of fracture zones References http pubs.usgs.gov gip dynamic understanding.html U.S. Geological Survey Understanding plate motions http www.ngdc.noaa.gov mgg image images predict images predict.txt NOAA, National Geophysical Data Center & World Data Center A for Marine Geology & Geophysics See The Fracture Zones reflist physical oceanography expanded other Category Fracture zones Category Plate tectonics tectonics stub ... more details
Image AntarcticaDomeCSnow.jpg thumb 270px Polar desert Polar deserts are areas with annual Precipitation meteorology precipitation less than 250 millimeters and a mean temperature during the warmest month of less than 10 C. Polar desert s on Earth cover nearly 5 million square kilometers and are mostly hard bedrock or gravel plains. Sand dune s are not prominent features in these deserts, but snow dunes occur commonly in areas where precipitation is locally more abundant. Temperature changes in polar deserts frequently cross the freezing point of water. This freeze thaw alternation forms patterned textures on the ground, as much as 5 meters in diameter. Most of the interior of Antarctica is polar desert, despite the thick ice cover. Conversely, the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica , although they have been ice free for thousands of years, are not necessarily polar desert they are kept dry by katabatic wind . Polar deserts are relatively common during ice ages , as ice ages tend to be dry. Citation needed date October 2010 References USGS article Types of Deserts url http pubs.usgs.gov gip deserts types DEFAULTSORT Polar Desert Category Landforms Category Deserts ca Desert polar cs Pol rn pustina et K lmak rb es Desierto polar pl Pustynia lodowa pt Deserto polar sr fi Kylmyysaavikko sv Polar ken uk ... more details
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