This article is about the theories and mathematics of climate modeling. For computer driven prediction of Earth s climate, see Globalclimatemodel . File GlobalClimate Model.png thumb right 350px Climate ... ocean sea ice globalclimatemodel s discretise and solve the full equations for mass and energy transfer ... on global sensitivity in a one dimensional radiative convective climatemodel journal J. Atmos. Sci ... and 24 vertical levels. ref http www.pik potsdam.de emics pik potsdam.de ref GCMs globalclimate models or general circulation models Main Globalclimatemodel Three or more properly, four since time ... NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory CM2 globalclimatemodel info and model output data files http www.climate.uvic.ca climate.uvic.ca University of Victoria Globalclimatemodel ... Surface Models Using Global Remote Sensing Observations journal J. Climate volume 19 issue 12 pages ... climatemodel. ref http pubs.giss.nasa.gov cgi bin abstract.cgi?id wa03100m pubs.giss.nasa.gov ... en.html cnrm.meteo.fr ref combine the two models. The first general circulation climatemodel ... Fluid Dynamics Laboratory ref http celebrating200years.noaa.gov breakthroughs climatemodel ... GFDL CM2.X Tropical cyclone prediction modelClimate models on the web http dapper.pmel.noaa.gov ... NCAR University Corporation for Atmospheric Research UCAR Community Climate System Model CCSM ... for Space Studies http edgcm.columbia.edu edgcm.columbia.edu the original NASA GISS globalclimate ... climate ipcc tar wg1 313.htm IPCC 2001 section 8.3 on model hierarchy http www.grida.no climate ... and Climate Models Computer modeling DEFAULTSORT ClimateModel Category Climate change science Category Numerical climate and weather models Category Climate change modelling ca Model clim tic de Klimamodell ... fluid motion , and chemistry . To run a model, scientists divide the planet into a 3 dimensional grid ... with neighboring points. Climate models use quantitative method s to simulate the interactions ... more details
The GlobalClimate Observing System GCOS is an international institution co sponsored by the World Meteorological ... Observations Panel for Climate The Ocean Observations Panel for Climate is charged with making recommendations for a sustained global ocean observing system for climate in support of the goals of its ... for Climate and Global Change Australia 2005 . Climate activities in Australia 2005 a report on Australian participation in international scientific climate programs Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne ... Category Meteorological institutions and stations GlobalClimate Observing System de GlobalClimate ... required for monitoring the climate system, for detecting and attributing climate change, for assessing the impacts of climate variability and change, and for supporting research toward improved understanding, modelling and prediction of the climate system. It addresses the total climate ..., cryospheric and terrestrial processes. The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change UNFCCC has strongly supported the need for systematic climate observations in the GCOS plan and in its recent Conference ... and terrestrial domains. ref cite news last first title Systematic Climate Observations pages publisher ... Observation Panel for Climate The Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate s AOPC primary ... global ocean observing activities by interested parties through liaison and advocacy for the agreed observing plans. It is jointly sponsored by the Global Ocean Observing System GOOS of IOC. Terrestrial Observation Panel for Climate The Terrestrial Observation Panel for Climate TOPC was set up ... ecosystem. It is jointly sponsored by GCOS and the Global Terrestrial Observing System GTOS of FAO, to fulfil their needs for climate related observations.. GCOS Surface Network The GCOS Surface network is a world wide co operative system of globalclimate monitoring. An example is Australia, which has Reference Climate Stations RCS , GCOS Surface Network stations GSN and combined stations for both ... more details
The Community Climate System Model CCSM is a coupled GlobalClimateModel developed by the University ... GlobalClimateModel GCM . On May 17, 2002, its name was changed from the NCAR Community climateModel to reflect the role of the atmosphere model in the new fully coupled climate system. ref cite ... climate system model CCSM author Forrest Hoffman publisher Institute of Physics Publishing year 2006 accessdate December 2008 ref The coupled components include an atmospheric model Community Atmosphere Model , a land surface model Community Land Model , an ocean model Parallel Ocean Program , and a sea ice model Community Sea Ice Model . ref cite web url http www.ccsm.ucar.edu about title ... of a physical dynamical component of the climate system, and as a freely available community model ... the model. ref cite journal doi 10.1177 1094342005056094 url http hpc.sagepub.com cgi content abstract 19 3 177 title Overview of the Software Design of the Community Climate System Model author John ... Evaluation of Community Climate System Model CCSM Constituent Transport Variability author Bruno Sanso accessdate December 2008 ref The model itself is divided into four component models land, sea ice ... a single climatemodel, but rather a framework for building and testing various climate models. ref name Oceanmodel cite web url http www.ccsm.ucar.edu models ccsm3.0 docn6 title CCSM3 Ocean Model Overview ... the atmospheric model used in the Community Climate System Model, it can also be run as a standalone ... as the Community ClimateModel. Over the next two decades it was steadily improved and was renamed CCSM after the CSM Climate System Model components were introduced in May 1996. ref name Hoffman In June ... NCAR publisher NCAR year 2006 accessdate December 2008 ref alongside many other Globalclimate .... References Reflist External links http www.ccsm.ucar.edu Community Climate System Model Project ... 177 year 2005 accessdate December 2008 issue 3 ref The offline chemical transport model has been described ... more details
The GlobalClimate and Energy Project GCEP at Stanford University seeks new solutions to one of the grand challenges of this century supplying energy to meet the changing needs of a growing world population in a way that protects the environment. http gcep.stanford.edu about index.html Beginning in December 2002, GCEP is a 10 year, 225m research project aimed at developing new energy technologies. It has the support of four major companies ExxonMobil , General Electric , Schlumberger , and Toyota . Under the heading Grand Challenge it identifies a global warming related need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through future energy development . External links http gcep.stanford.edu GCEP homepage Category Energy development pt GlobalClimate and Energy Project Environment stub ... more details
The Global Roundtable on Climate Change , convened by the Earth Institute ref http www.earthinstitute.columbia.edu The Earth Institute at Columbia University Bot generated title ref at Columbia University is a group of representatives from corporations, research institutions, and government organizations to discuss the scientific consensus , economics, technology, and public policy issues associated with climate change. The group first met in 2005 and plans to meet through 2009. ref http www.earthinstitute.columbia.edu grocc about.html The Global Roundtable on Climate Change Bot generated title ref The Roundtable has five objectives Improve global consensus on the science, technology, economics, and policy issues of anthropogenic climate change. Review technology and policy proposals for mitigating climate change while meeting global energy demand. Support research and prototypes of technologies and policies that address climate change. Provide a forum for discussion, analysis, and exchange of ideas from the represented groups. Support proposals and initiatives generated by the Roundtable s discussions. Participants in the Roundtable have included ABB, Air France , Alcan , Alcoa , Alliant Energy, Allianz , American Electric Power , BASF , Bayer , Calvert Group, China Renewable Energy Industry Association, Citigroup , Coalition of Rainforest Nations, Columbia University, Deutsche ... University . On February 20, 2007, the Roundtable released The Path to Climate Sustainability A Joint Statement by the Global Roundtable on Climate Change . The Joint Statement outlines a post Kyoto framework ... grocc See also Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change DEFAULTSORT Global Roundtable On Climate Change Category Climate change organizations ... Panel on Climate Change , International Gas Union , Munich Re , National Grid, NRG Energy ... is the basis for an ongoing online petition. ref http www.nextgenerationearth.org Stop Global ... more details
Primary sources date February 2011 The GlobalClimate Network GCN is an alliance of influential think tanks and research institutes in different countries that collaborate on research into climate change ... levels. Collectively, members of the GlobalClimate Network are committed to a vision of a prosperous ... of Barnes , former European Commissioner for External Affairs. History The GlobalClimate Network was launched at the 14th Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change ... government policies. In October 2009, the work of the GlobalClimate Network was acknowledged ... 2010, the GlobalClimate Network will release a major new report on clean energy finance in the developing ... of the GlobalClimate Network are Institute for Public Policy Research, UK Center for American Progress ... in Rwanda. IPPR in London houses the GlobalCLimate Network s Secretariat. Key publications The GlobalClimate Network publishes research that seeks to highlight the barriers and opportunities ... on climate change and for the establishment of a network of global and regional innovation ... The GlobalClimate Network s official website http twitter.com globalclimate The GlobalClimate Network s twitter page http www.facebook.com pages GlobalClimate Network 104623618281 The GlobalClimate ... global warming. The Network has members in nine countries worldwide, including the USA, China, India ... harmful to the climate system. Working together, the Network construct a narrative for action on climate change that is concerned with human and economic progress as well as environmental wellbeing ... Panel on Climate Change and director general of the Energy and Resources Institute in India ... because of its involvement in the global alliance. Judges, including Rohan Silva, senior adviser ... countries. At the http www.denmark.dk en menu Climate Energy COP15 Copenhagen 2009 cop15.htm ... energy sectors in eight countries. The study which featured the headline 20 million opportunities in a global ... more details
The GlobalClimate Coalition 1989 2002 was a group of mainly United States businesses opposing immediate action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The group formed in response to several reports from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC . A major scientific report on the severity of global warming by the IPCC in 2001 led to large scale membership loss. ref name shulman Shulman, Seth. http www.ucsusa.org news press release ExxonMobil GlobalWarming tobacco.html Smoke, Mirrors & Hot Air How ExxonMobil Uses Big Tobacco s Tactics to Manufacture Uncertainty on Climate Science , Union of Concerned Scientists, p9. 2007. ref Since 2002 the GCC has been defunct, or in its own words, deactivated ... Big Tobacco s Tactics to Manufacture Uncertainty on Climate Science work Union of Concerned Scientists page 9 year 2007 ref Benjamin D. Santer , a climate change researcher, wrote The GlobalClimate Coalition ... Organizations established in 1989 de GlobalClimate Coalition hu Glob lis Kl makoal ci ... achieved. To quote from their website ref name org The industry voice on climate change has served its purpose by contributing to a new national approach to global warming... The Bush administration will soon announce a climate policy that is expected to rely on the development of new technologies to reduce ... on Climate Change IPCC . From 1997 a number of prominent members left. Partly in response to a public relation move to acknowledge global warming and attempt to reduce their carbon emissions see Business action on climate change . Citation needed date November 2010 Dupont and British Petroleum left .... A major scientific report on the severity of global warming by the IPCC in 2001 led to large scale ... that the science backing the role of greenhouse gases in global warming could not be refuted ... Scientists on Climate , New York Times . April 23, 2009. ref Prominent members to 1997 Prominent ... web 20060127223742 http www.globalclimate.org internet archive version Category Defunct climate ... more details
and multiscale numerical model. See also Globalclimatemodel External links http collaboration.cmc.ec.gc.ca ...The Global Environmental Multiscale Model GEM is an integrated forecasting and data assimilation system developed in the Recherche en Pr vision Num rique RPN , Meteorological Research Branch MRB , and the Canadian Meteorological Centre CMC . The GEM model is currently operational for the global data assimilation cycle and medium range forecasting, the regional data assimilation spin up cycle and short range forecasting. Furthermore mesoscale forecasts are produced overnight and are available to the operational forecasters. A growing number of Meteorology meteorological applications are now either based on or use the GEM model. Output from the GEM goes out to 10 days, on par with the Integrated Forecast System and the effective range of the Global Forecast System , the GEM s primary rivals from Europe and the United States respectively. The GEM model has been developed to meet the operational weather forecasting needs of Canada for the coming years. These presently include short range regional forecasting, medium range global forecasting, and data assimilation. In the future they will include nowcasting at the meso scales, and dynamic extended range forecasting on monthly to seasonal timescales. The essence of the approach is to develop a single highly efficient model that can be reconfigured ... in the other hemisphere , or to run with variable resolution over a global domain such that high resolution is focused over an area of interest. The operational GEM model dynamics is formulated in terms .... The explicit horizontal diffusion is 2 on all prognostic variables. The operational GEM model is interfaced ... similarity theory, shallow convection scheme non precipitating , Kuo type deep convection scheme global ... of the GEM model is to evaluate the non hydrostatic version for mesoscale applications where the hydrostatic ... Atmospheric, Oceanographic and Climate Models Category Numerical climate and weather models Category ... more details
A dynamic global vegetation model DGVM is a computer program that simulates shifts in potential vegetation and its associated biogeochemical and hydrological cycles as a response to shifts in climate. DGVMs use time series of climate data and, given constraints of latitude, topography, and soil characteristics .... 2001. Global response of terrestrial ecosystem structure and function to CO2 and climate change results from six dynamic global vegetation models. Global Change Biology 7 357 373 ref using 6 different ... model GCM that provided the climate data, 3.75 deg longitude x 2.5 deg latitude, a total of 1631 ... geography and terrestrial carbon cycling in the LPJ Dynamic Global Vegetation Model. Global Change ..., N. Ramankutty, J. M. Norman, and S. T. Gower. 2000. Testing the performance of a Dynamic Global Ecosystem Model Water balance, carbon balance, and vegetation structure. Global Biogeochemical Cycles ... The Community Land Model s Dynamic Global Vegetation Model CLM DGVM Technical Description and User ... Dynamic Global Vegetation Model Category Scientific modeling ... the effects of future climate change on natural vegetation and its carbon and water cycles ... each cell. Simulations are carried out across a range of spatial scales, from global to landscape ... models in a continental scale study of terrestrial ecosystem responses to climate change and CO2 doubling. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 9 4 407 437 ref project in the 1990s used a lattice grain of one half degree. Global simulations by the PIK group and collaborators ref Cramer, W., A. Bondeau .... Pollard, S. Sitch, and A. Haxeltine. 1996. An integrated biosphere model of land surface processes, terrestrial carbon balance, and vegetation dynamics. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 10 4 , 603 628. ref ... Simulator Model IBIS , Version 2.5. Model product. Available on line http daac.ornl.gov from Oak Ridge ... . MC1 a dynamic vegetation model for estimating the distribution of vegetation and associated carbon ... more details
orphan date August 2009 The term Global Delivery Model is typically associated with companies engaged in Information technology consulting IT consulting and services delivery business and using a model of executing a technology project using a team that is distributed globally. While the commonly understood meaning of the term implies globally distributed resources, the term itself has acquired a broader definition. Gartner, for example, defines global delivery model to encompass a focus on the technical skills, process rigor, tools, methodologies, overall structure and strategies for seamlessly delivering Information technology enabled services IT enabled services from global locations Most IT services and consulting firms worldwide make a reference to this model of delivery to signify one or more of the following value propositions they bring to their customers A global presence ensures ... resources. A global delivery model implies that potentially, a firm can work round the clock for its .... External links Some examples of organizations that provide Global Delivery Model to their customers include http www.tcs.com about tcs difference global delivery Pages default.aspx Tata Consultancy Services TCS Global Network Delivery Model http www.infosys.com global sourcing global delivery model pages index.aspx Infosys Global Delivery Model http www.syntelinc.com internal.aspx?lns 2&id 59 Syntel Global Delivery http www.eds.com services bestshore model.aspx EDS Best Shore Global Delivery Model http www.digite.com solutions global delivery management.html Digite Global Delivery Model ... when trying to understand customer requirements. A global presence implies that the organization ... model thus providing twice or even three times the capacity they would have if they worked in a single location Time zone time zone only. Global locations also provide some degree of risk proofing a customer ... disruption in one place. In case of such events, a global company could presumably transfer work to another ... more details
Image Logo GEM small.png right Logo GEM The Global Earthquake Model GEM is a public private partnership initiated in 2006 by the Global Science Forum of the OECD to develop global, open source risk assessment software and tools. With committed backing from academia , governments and industry, GEM contributes to achieving profound, lasting reductions in earthquake risk worldwide by following the priorities of the Hyogo Framework for Action. ref http www.unisdr.org eng hfa hfa.htm ref From 2009 to 2013 GEM is constructing its first working global earthquake model and will provide an authoritative standard for calculating and communicating earthquake risk worldwide. Since March 2009, GEM is a legal entity in the form of a non profit foundation based in Pavia, Italy. The GEM Secretariat is hosted ... scientific framework serves as the underlying basis for constructing the global earthquake model ... model building infrastructure, Global components will establish a common set of definitions, strategies ... to the global earthquake model. They are addressed by international consortia that respond to calls for proposals on hazard, risk and socio economic impact. Global components will provide preliminary data on a global scale, but on a local scale, regional and national programmes will provide more ... into the global models. The actual development of the model will occur using a common, web based ... as end products. The global earthquake model will be tested and evaluated before its official release ... AIR Worldwide Sponsors the Global Earthquake Model GEM Project External links http www.globalquakemodel.org ... in many earthquake prone regions no risk model s exist, and even where models do exist, they are inaccessible ... Scientific Framework GEM 500px Implementation It will take five years to build the first working global earthquake model including corresponding tools, software and datasets. The work started in 2009 ... and release of this first version of the model. GEM strives for continuous improvement of the model ... more details
Portal global warming energy Climate Change and Global Energy Security Technology and Policy Options is a 2011 book by Marilyn A. Brown and Benjamin K. Sovacool . In this book, Brown and Sovacool offer detailed assessments of commercially available technologies for strengthening global energy security and climate change mitigation . They also evaluate the barriers to the deployment of these technologies and critically review public policy options for their commercialization. Arguing that society has all the technologies necessary for the task, the authors discuss an array of options available today, including high efficiency transportation, renewable energy , carbon sequestration , and demand side management . ref cite web url http hot topic.co.nz climate change and global energy security title Climate Change and Global Energy Security author Bryan Walker date September 18, 2011 work Hot Topic ref ref cite web url http www.foreignaffairs.com articles 136890 marilyn a brownbenjamin k sovacool climate change and global energy security technology and policy title Climate Change and Global Energy Security author Richard N. Cooper date January February 2012 work Foreign Affairs ref References reflist External links http mitpress.mit.edu catalog item default.asp?ttype 2&tid 12673 Climate Change and Global Energy Security Technology and Policy Options , MIT Press . Category 2011 books Category Climate change books Category Books about energy issues ... more details
Notes on usage This table is a reference tool for rapidly locating Wikipedia articles on globalclimate system components class wikitable Component Type Region Composed Of Functions Dimensions Earth s Atmosphere Atmosphere Global layer Planetary Atmospheric gases nitrogen, oxygen and others Absorb and distribute radiation exchange gases Hydrosphere Global layer Planetary Water H sub 2 sub O and dissolved minerals carbon, calcium, magnesium and others Absorb and distribute radiation supply vapor Lithosphere Global layer Planetary Rocks and minerals Supply minerals Troposphere Atmospheric layer Planetary Air, water vapor Weather Tropopause Atmospheric layer Planetary Air Thin layer of temperature NASA NASA US identifies the five components of earth s climate system as Earth s Atmosphere Atmosphere , hydrosphere , cryosphere , lithosphere , and biosphere . ref http earthobservatory.nasa.gov Glossary index.php?mode alpha&seg b&segend d ref References Reflist Climate stub Category Climatology ... more details
See also Avoiding dangerous climate change 4 Degrees and Beyond International Climate Conference Climate Change Global Risks, Challenges and Decisions was a conference on Global warming Climate Change ... modest levels of global warming climate change , with poor nations and communities particularly ... based on coordinated global and regional action is required to Avoiding dangerous climate ... around the world work Press briefing publisher Climate change Global risks, challenges and decisions ... environment 2009 mar 11 amazon global warming trees title Amazon could shrink by 85 due to climate ... of globalclimate change. ref cite web url http www.etcgroup.org en materials publications.html?pub ... References reflist 2 sp global warming DEFAULTSORT Climate Change Global Risks, Challenges And Decisions Category Climate change conferences no Climate Change Global Risks, Challenges and Decisions ... Panel on Climate Change IPCC report. ref name About the Congress cite web url http climatecongress.ku.dk ... Dr. Rajendra K. Pachauri , Chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC Professor ... at the University of California, Berkeley and climate advisor to the Obama Administration . Connie Hedegaard , Danish Ministry of Climate and Energy . Anders Fogh Rasmussen , Danish Prime Minister ... The conference occurred approximately 9 months prior to the 2009 United Nations Climate Change ... environment climate change carbon cuts only give 5050 chance of saving planet 1640154.html title ... frequently likened global warming to playing Russian roulette . The Congress Scientific Writing ... publisher Climate Congress accessdate 2009 03 12 ref do not edit the text below, it s all blockquoted ..., the worst case Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC scenario trajectories or even worse are being realised. For many key parameters , the climate system is already moving beyond the patterns ... include global temperature global mean surface temperature , sea level rise , ocean and ice ... more details
Surviving the Century Facing Climate Chaos and Other Global Challenges , edited by Herbert Girardet , is the first major book from the World Future Council , published by Earthscan in 2007. Eight main issues relating to the politics of climate change are covered in the book countering climate chaos, renewable energy policy , creating sustainable cities , local farming systems, rainforests and climate change, cradle to cradle design cradle to cradle production systems, an alternative vision for trade and creating a living democracy . ref Chris Goodall. http www.nature.com climate 2007 0710 pdf climate.2007.53.pdf Review Surviving the Century Nature reports climate change , Vol. 5, October 2007. ref ref Tara Austin. http www.theecologist.org reviews books 269545 surviving the century edited by herbert girardet.html Surviving the Century edited by Herbert Girardet The Ecologist , 10th December, 2008. ref ref Herbert Girardet editor 2007 . http books.google.com.au books?id oy25dIi5bpoC&dq review Surviving the Century Facing Climate Chaos and Other Global Challenges&source gbs navlinks s Surviving the century facing climate chaos and other global challenges Earthscan. ref References references International dev stub Category Non fiction books Category Political books Category Climate change books Category Books about globalization Category 2007 books ... more details
Orphan date December 2011 Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System Model NOGAPS is a global numerical weather prediction computer model run by Fleet Numerical. This mathematical model is run four times a day and produces weather forecasting weather forecasts . Along with the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts ECMWF s Integrated Forecast System IFS , the Canadian Global Environmental Multiscale Model GEM it is one of several Synoptic scale meteorology synoptic scale medium range models in general use. References for instructions on creating citations using ref ref see http en.wikipedia.org wiki Wikipedia Footnotes Reflist External links https www.fnmoc.navy.mil NOGAPS Portal Category Weather prediction Category Numerical climate and weather models ... more details
, coupled atmosphere ocean sea ice globalclimatemodel s discretise and solve the full equations .... Climatemodel s are mathematical models of past, present and future climates. Climate change may occur over long and short timescales from a variety of factors recent warming is discussed in global ... right Monthly global images from NASA Earth Observatory Main K ppen climate classification The K ppen ... years see also Climate change Global warming Temperature record Attribution of recent climate change Climate change is the variation in global or regional climates over time. It reflects changes ... science model intro.php Modelling the climate. Retrieved on 2008 05 02. ref Climate forecasting ... validation of each model s accuracy level in simulating interannual climate variability. ref http ... HDBK 310, GlobalClimate Data U.S. Department of Defense Data on natural environmental starting points ...other uses File ClimateMap World.png alt Map of world dividing climate zones, largely influenced by latitude ... and Polar. There are subzones within these zones. thumb right 470px center Worldwide Climate Classifications center Climate encompasses the statistics of temperature , humidity , atmospheric pressure ... meteorological elemental measurements in a given region over long periods. Climate can be contrasted ... periods. A region s climate is generated by the climate system , which has five components Earth s Atmosphere ... . Ipcc.ch. Retrieved on 2011 06 28. ref The climate of a location is affected by its latitude , terrain , and altitude , as well as nearby body of water water bodies and their currents. Climates can be Climate .... W. Thornthwaite title An Approach Toward a Rational Classification of Climate journal Geographical ... diversity and potential effects of climate changes. The Bergeron and Spatial Synoptic Classification system s focus on the origin of air masses that define the climate of a region. Paleoclimatology is the study of ancient climates. Since direct observations of climate are not available before ... more details
wiktionary globalGlobal means of or referring to a globe and may also refer to tocright Entertainment Global Paul van Dyk album Global Paul van Dyk album , 2003 Global Bunji Garlin album Global Bunji Garlin album , 2007 Global Humanoid album Global Humanoid album , 1989 Global Underground , music label Bruno J. Global , human captain of the SDF 1 Macross in the anime series The Super Dimension Fortress Macross Companies and brands Global cutlery , a Japanese brand Global Aviation Holdings Global Benchmarking Network GBN Global Crossing , telecommunications company based in Bermuda Global Radio , British commercial radio company Global Television Network , in Canada Global BC , on air brand of CHAN TV, a television station in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Global Okanagan , on air brand of CHBC TV, a television station in Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada Global Toronto , a television station in Toronto Global Edmonton Global Calgary Global Montreal Global Maritimes CJON DT NTV , a television station in Newfoundland, simlar to the Global network Global TV Indonesia Canwest Global Communications Corp. , a Canadian media conglomerate Math and science Global field , in mathematics Global serializability , in data management Global symmetry , in quantum field theory Global variable , a variable in computer programming that is accessible in every scope Politics Global governance , in international relations Global Greens , political Green party network Global politics , study of political and economical patterns of the world Other Global citizenship Global city , an especially important city Global war , World war Global warming and global dimming , in environmental studies See also Globe disambiguation Globalization , ongoing process by which regional economies, societies ... disambiguation lookfrom intitle disambiguation go me de Global fr Global ja ro Global sv Global tr K resel ur ... more details
of 5m over millennia. Models main globalclimatemodel Recent model abstract model s forecast that even ..., 110.1126 science.1103934 2005 . references Global warming Category Climate change science simple Climate commitment studies ...Climate commitment describes the fact that climate reacts with a delay to influencing factors climate forcing s such as the presence of greenhouse gas es. Climate commitment studies attempt to assess the amount of future warming that is committed under the assumption of some constant level of forcings. The constant level often used for illustrative purposes is carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub doubling or quadrupling or the present level of forcing. Basic idea If a wiktionary perturbation perturbation such as an increase in greenhouse gases or solar variation solar activity is applied to the climate system the response will not be immediate, principally because of the large heat capacity i.e., Volumetric heat capacity Thermal inertia thermal inertia of the ocean s. As an analogue, consider the heating .... It also explains the very large difference in response between equilibrium climate prediction Execution computers runs in which only a shallow ocean is used and it is assumed that the climate has come to equilibrium and Transient state transient climate prediction runs in which a full ocean is used and the climate is out of balance. The commitment can apply to variables other than temperature ... waters expand in response to this warming, global sea level s would mount by about 10 centimetres ... climate feedback effects would give a 1 C 1.5 C estimated temperature increase. ref cite web url http www.nature.com news 2005 050314 full 050314 13.html title Oceans extend effects of climate change ... Panel on Climate Change IPCC TAR http www.grida.no climate ipcc tar wg1 008.htm and in the IPCC Second ..., Committed warming and its implications for climate change , Richard T. Wetherald et al. References ... more details
notability date September 2011 primary sources date September 2011 GLOBAL ref Ball, J, RV Fishleigh, PJ Greaney, A Marsden, E Platt, LJ Pool, and B Robson. A Polymorphic Programming Environment for the Chemical Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Industries , Chemical Information Systems Beyond the Structure Diagrams. Eds. D. Bawden and E. M. Mitchell, Ellis Horwood Press, 1990, 107 123. ref ref Robson B, J Ball, RV Fishleigh, P Greaney, J Li, A Marsden, E Platt, JL Pool. The expert system approach to predicting protein structure , http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed 2099743 Biochem Soc Symp. 1990 57 91 7 . ref was a language developed in industry and sold off Private industry privately as an expert system . It was used to design several biopharmaceutical products, and sold to Tularik Amgen . http www.blackmesa imaging.com products.html Prometheus used for drug system design was written using GLOBAL and is described on this ftp ftp.cray.com applications dir apps software CHEMISTRY PROMETHEUS.txt Cray software specification . References reflist Category Drug discovery Category Programming languages Category Pharmaceutical sciences ... more details
A climate oscillation or climate cycle is any recurring cyclical oscillation within global or regional climate , and is a type of climate pattern . These fluctuations in atmospheric temperature , sea surface ... between factors affecting the climate and global events, popular with the media, is a 2003 study ... Fourier analysis or climatemodel ling often does not create a perfect replication of the observed or inferred ... 2006 04 19 globalclimate patterns x.htm Understanding globalclimate patterns USA Today, April 19 ... Prediction Center, NOAA http climate.nasa.gov GlobalClimate Change Vital Signs of the Planet ... South America, but which affects climate worldwide. Records of past climate conditions are recovered through geology geological examination of proxy climate proxies , found in ice core glacier ... Oscillation the North Pacific Oscillation the Hale cycle may be discernable in climate records see Solar variation the 60 year climate cycle recorded in many ancient calendars, as per Scafetta 2010 ... , typically cool the climate, especially when the volcano is located in the tropical climate zone ... can input carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, warming the climate. Triggering of other mechanisms, such as methane ... Earth s climate oscillations and astronomical factors barycenter changes, solar variation , cosmic ... distribution between the ocean atmosphere climate system. In some cases, current, historical and paleoclimate ... s, impact event s, irregularities in climate proxy data, positive feedback processes or anthropogenic ... journal last Scafetta first Nicola title Empirical evidence for a celestial origin of the climate ... title Scafetta on climate oscillations url http judithcurry.com 2011 04 14 scafetta on climate oscillations work WordPress publisher Climate Etc. accessdate 20 July 2011 authorlink Judith Curry ref Effects Extreme phases of short term climate oscillations such as ENSO can result in characteristic patterns ... in the form of heat wave s and cold wave s. Shorter term climate oscillations typically do not directly ... more details
. For a coupled atmosphere ocean globalclimatemodel the climate sensitivity is an emergent property it is not a model parameter, but rather a result of a combination of model physics and parameters. By contrast, simpler energy balance models may have climate sensitivity as an explicit parameter ... relate radiative forcing of any cause to linear changes in global surface temperature change. It is also possible to estimate climate sensitivity from observations however, this is difficult due to uncertainties in the forcing and temperature histories. Equilibrium and Transient Climate Sensitivity The equilibrium climate sensitivity ECS refers to the equilibrium change in global mean near surface ... integrations of thousands of model years. Over the 50 100 year timescale, the climate response ... Zedillo 2008.pdf format PDF contribution Anthropogenic Climate Change Revisiting the Facts title Global ... model simulations to suggest a rate of global warming from doubling of atmospheric carbon ... Harrison first2 W.E. last3 Hanson first3 W.E. title Geological perspectives of globalclimate change ... average global temperature between the peak and minimum of the 11 year solar cycle. ref name solar climate ... model transient climate response using independent observations of solar cycle forcing and response ... 1.5 times higher. See also Portal Global warming Climate change feedback Glossary of climate change Index of climate change articles Global warming controversy Runaway climate change Tipping point ... br global warming DEFAULTSORT Climate Sensitivity Category Climate change science Category ...Climate sensitivity is a measure of how responsive the temperature of the climate system is to a change in the radiative forcing . Although climate sensitivity is usually used in the context of radiative forcing by carbon dioxide , it is thought of as a general property of the climate system the change ... found to be so. The climate sensitivity specifically due to CO2 is often expressed as the temperature ... more details
Climate Rush is a UK organisation that campaigns on various environmental issues related to global warming climate change . Their website states that, We are a diverse group of women and men who are determined to raise awareness of the biggest threat facing humanity today that of Climate Change . ref http www.climaterush.co.uk who.html The Climate Rush Who? ref The organisation was founded in October ... name Climate Rush Non profit logo founded date area served UK focus Environmentalism method Nonviolence ... using direct action to highlight their cause. They model their actions on those of the suffragettes ... politics 3192176 Parliament climate change protesters threaten further disruption.html Parliament climate change protesters threaten further disruption Louise Gray The Daily Telegraph 14 Oct 2008 ref Protests The Climate Rush, 13 October 2008 On 13 October 2008 Climate Rush celebrated the centenary .... 100 years on and their focus was no longer votes for women but instead climate action now. Over 1000 ... expansion and reform climate policy . Three days later Ed Milliband, Secretary for Energy and Climate Change, did indeed reform climate policy when he pledged in the Climate Change Bill to cut ... tamsin held in parliament climate protest.do ref Climate Rush Hits Heathrow, 12 January 2009 ..., Climate Rush held a sit in dinner at domestic departures, Terminal One. Over 700 intrepid Climate ... Climate Rush Gets Chained to Parliament, 28 January 2009 On the day that the Houses of Parliament were debating the expansion of Heathrow Airport, ten climate suffragettes went armed with chains to the gates .... Climate rush wanted the politicians to notice them as a group of activists who were so concerned about climate change that they would risk arrest as they walked into the Houses of Parliament to hold a debate about the climate impact of Heathrow. They were joined, last minute, by a pensioner from ... and engage in civil disobedience. ref http www.ameliasmagazine.com earth climate rush gets chained ... more details
Africa to discuss realistic avenues for addressing climate change. The group emerged from the meeting with a call for a global grassroots movement against climate change. ref Durban group for Climate Justice http www.durbanclimatejustice.org who are we ref Climate Justice Now , a global coalition ... Climate Change Conference in Bali, Indonesia In 2008 the Global Humanitarian Forum focused on climate ... 2010 11 29 call for E2 80 9Csystem change not climate change E2 80 9D unites global ... Durban Group for Climate Justice Focus on the Global South http www.foei.org en ... www.wdm.org.uk climatedebt World Development Movement See also Social justice Climate debt Global Justice ... global warming Category Climate change and society Category Climate change policy Category Environmental ...Climate Justice is generally used as a term for viewing climate change as an ethical issue and considering ... and group rights collective rights and historical responsibility in relation to climate change . Many see recognition of the fact that those least responsible for climate change are currently experiencing and will continue to experience its greatest impacts as being central to climate justice ..., climate justice and equity http www.globalissues.org article 231 climate justice and equity ... application and development of law in the area of climate change. ref For example see Climate Justice Programme http www.climatelaw.org ref History of the term In 2000, the first Climate Justice Summit ... Sixth Conference of the Parties COP 6 to the UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change UNFCCC . The Summit s mission stated We affirm that climate change is a rights issue. It affects ... across states and borders to oppose climate change inducing patterns and advocate for and practice sustainable development ref Climate Institute, Climate Justice Movements http www.climate.org climatelab Climate Justice Movements ref The Durban Group for Climate Justice was formed in 2004 when representatives ... more details
POV date January 2009 Climate Counts Climate Counts , spearheaded by Stonyfield Farm CEO Gary Hirshberg , is a non profit campaign that scores companies annually on the basis of their voluntary action to reverse climate change. The Climate Counts Company Scorecard launched in June 2007 helps people vote with their dollars by making climate conscious purchasing and investing choices that put pressure on the world s most well known companies to take the issue of climate change seriously. Climate Counts aims to mobilize everyday consumers not just the traditional environmental community as the most important activists in the fight against global warming. ref cite news url http www.nytimes.com 2007 06 19 business 19green.html title Climate Change Scorecard Aims to Influence Consumers last Deutsch first Claudia date June 19, 2007 publisher New York Times accessdate 2008 08 01 ref Companies are given a 0 to 100 score based on whether they have measured their climate footprint, set goals and targets to reduce their impact on global warming with ongoing progress toward those reductions to show for it , supported or suggest intent to block progressive climate legislation, and publicly disclosed their climate actions clearly and comprehensively. ref Climate Counts Official Site ref They outline their criteria for scoring in greater detail here. http www.climatecounts.org pdf Climate Counts Scorecard.pdf Climate Counts Scorecard . Climate Counts publishes a downloadable pocket shopping guide based on company scores and ranks and in keeping with the organization s own efforts to reduce its impact, offers shoppers the option of having a paperless version sent to their cell phones. External links http www.climatecounts.org Climate Counts Official Website http www.treehugger.com files 2008 03 climatecounts green electronics only half story.php Green Electronics Only Half The Story? by Wood Turner, Climate Counts Treehugger.com References References Category Organizations established ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
