Advert date August 2010 TOC right The INFN Grid project was the general container used by INFN Italy s National Institute for Nuclear Physics for its grid computing initiatives. Its goal was to develop and deploy Grid middleware services to allow INFN s various user communities to transparently and securely ... Grid Infrastructure EGI project in 2010, the activities of INFN Grid were consolidated into the Italian Grid Infrastructure http www.italiangrid.it IGI which operates as a European Joint Research Unit ... Profile IGI.html title NGI Profile Italian Grid Infrastructure year 2010 publisher EGI ref History The INFN Grid project, approved in late 1999, has developed and deployed the first Italian Grid ... and largely used facility well integrated with various Grid infrastructures all over the world. It counts ... for the development of a common http grid it.cnaf.infn.it production grid infrastructure supporting ... industries, INFN Grid launched in 2001 the largest FP5 European grid project, DataGrid, ref name DataGrid cite web url http www.gridcafe.org version1 GridatCERN datagrid.html title DataGrid a Grid testbed ... solutions for the development of a World Grid for Science with US and Asian Pacific areas. This work has been further extended by CERN s LHC Computing Grid Project LHC Computing Grid LCG , where INFN is one of the main contributing partners, which has deployed a worldwide grid service ... created a seamless European Grid infrastructure for the support of the European Research Area connected to the other major grid infrastructures in the world. Since its beginning INFN Grid has been ... of the grid middleware, the deployment and operation of the national grid infrastructure ... European and International Grid projects and to the GGF standardization activities. National Projects INFN Grid has a central role in Grid development and deployment activities in Italy, from sharing its infrastructure and know how, to establishing platforms for further development of Grid applications ... more details
Context date October 2009 A frequency grid is a table of all the central frequencies and corresponding wavelengths of channels allowed in a communications system. The most common frequency grid used for Fiber optic communication is that used for channel spacing in wavelength division multiplexing Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing DWDM at wavelengths around 1550 nm and defined by ITU T G.694.1 ref ITU T G.694.1, Spectral grids for WDM applications DWDM frequency grid http www.itu.int rec T REC G.694.1 en ITU T website ref . The grid is defined relative to 193.1THz and extends from 191.7 THz to 196.1 THz with 100 GHz spacing. While defined in frequency the grid is often expressed in terms of wavelength in which case it covers the wavelength range of 1528.77 nm to 1563.86 nm with approximately a 0.8 nm channel spacing. For practical purposes the grid has been extended to cover 186 THz to 201 THz and sub divided to provide 50 GHz and 25 GHz spaced grids. References references http www.telecomengineering.com downloads DWDM 20ITU 20Table 20 20100 20GHz.pdf Complete ITU Grid Table for 100Ghz spacing http web.archive.org web 20070927225305 http www.ntt.co.jp tr 0306 files ntr200306085.pdf International Standardization Activities on Optical Interfaces Category Multiplexing ... more details
distinguish National Grid for Learning The Learning Grid is a UK charity that promotes hands on activities related to science and engineering for school pupils and students in the United Kingdom . The name Learning Grid is also used to refer collectively to the activities themselves. The Learning Grid began as a recommendation of the Motorsport Competitiveness Panel, a body set up by the UK Department of Trade and Industry United Kingdom Department of Trade and Industry whose final report was announced by the then Secretary of State Patricia Hewitt on 11 July 2003 ref http www.autoindustry.co.uk press releases 11 07 03 1 DTI announcement ref . The name Learning Grid is thought to refer to a motorsport starting grid, since many of the activities have a motorsport theme, although another derivation could be the representation of activities on a map or grid showing the age group on the X axis and level of time commitment required on the Y axis. 22 separate activities have achieved the Learning Grid quality standard, including Formula Student , F1 in Schools , Primary Engineer , Greenpower , STEM days and residential courses run by the Smallpeice Trust , the Shell Eco marathon , F1 in Schools , the Engineering Education Scheme and The Year in Industry . Accreditation is valid for 3 years, with an annual review. The Learning Grid has created a quality standard for engineering and science activities. Accredited programmes feature in a Guide published each autumn which is available to assist teachers in choosing suitable programmes for their pupils. The Learning Grid also runs an annual showcase event at Rockingham Motor Speedway near Corby in Northamptonshire . references External links http www.learninggrid.co.uk Official website http www.learninggrid.co.uk rockingham Rockingham Festival http www.learninggrid.co.uk initiatives List of accredited activities Category Organisations based in the United Kingdom Category Science and technology in the United Kingdom Category Education ... more details
cleanup link rot date September 2011 Access Grid is a collection of resources and technologies that enables large format Sound reproduction audio and video based collaboration between groups of people in different locations. The Access Grid is an ensemble of resources, including multimedia large format displays, presentation and interactive environments, and interfaces with grid computing middleware and visualization graphic visualization environments. In simple terms, it is advanced videoconferencing using big displays and with multiple simultaneous camera feeds at each node site . The technology ... NCSA , was the first large scale Access Grid event. The Access Grid was later demonstrated ... around the world that allow for various forms of creative and academic collaborations. Access Grid ... Grid Toolkit integrates an XMPP client with the Access Grid software. The latest stable version ... codecs such as HD and additional tools. International Access Grid Australia and New Zealand The Access Grid has generated great interest and activity in Australia, where factors such as widely disparate ... research with peers within Australia and internationally. Australia s first Access Grid node was built ... serviced by Asia Pacific Access Grid APAG venue servers at University of Sydney AG2 and University ... usage every year since then. In 2004, the UQ Vislab began providing the Access Grid installation ... of the grid is increasing. Current development work includes a http www.vislab.uq.edu.au research ... UK academic community support for Access Grid Toolkit, IOCOM and EVO technologies on JANET is provided ... Centre . The first Access Grid AG node was built at the University of Manchester in 2001, with JISC funded support from the http www.ja.net services video agsc AGSCHome Access Grid Support Centre ... grid support relocating to the university of edinburgh Access Grid Support relocating to the University ... Category Grid computing es AccessGrid ... more details
An Esri grid is a Raster graphics raster GIS file formats GIS file format developed by Esri , which has two formats A Proprietary software proprietary binary file binary format, also known as an ARC INFO GRID , ARC GRID and many other variations A non proprietary ASCII format, also known as an ARC INFO ASCII GRID The formats were introduced for ArcInfo ARC INFO . The binary format is widely used within Esri programs, such as ArcGIS , while the ASCII format is used as an exchange, or export format, due to the simple and portable ASCII file structure. The grid defines geographic space as an array of equally sized Square geometry square grid points arranged in rows and columns. Each grid point stores a numeric value that represents a geographic attribute such as elevation or Grade slope surface slope for that unit of space. Each grid cell is referenced by its x,y coordinate location. File formats ASCII The format is relatively straightforward the first six lines indicate the reference of the grid, followed by the values listed in the order they would naturally appear left right, top down . For example, consider a grid, shown to the left. This could be encoded into an ASCII grid file, that would look like cellpadding 0 cellspacing 6 Grid image Values ASCII grid format width 33 style vertical align top Image ASCII grid example.svg 150px style vertical align top class wikitable align right style text align right 25 75 125 175 275 NA NA 5 2 225 NA 20 100 36 175 3 8 35 10 125 32 ... A binary Esri grid is stored in several files contained in at least two directories the name directory and an info directory, where name has strict naming conventions. References Binary grid http support.esri.com index.cfm?fa knowledgebase.techarticles.articleShow&d 30616 Arc INFO GRID file structure http home.gdal.org projects aigrid aigrid format.html AIG driver for GDAL ASCII grid http docs.codehaus.org display GEOTOOLS ArcInfo ASCII Grid format ASCIIGrid ASCII grid format http www.gdal.org ... more details
Context date October 2009 P Grid is a self organizing structured peer to peer system, which can accommodate arbitrary key distributions and hence support lexicographic key ordering and range queries , still providing storage load balancing and efficient search by using randomized routing. Salient features Good storage load balancing despite arbitrary load distribution over the key space. Range queries can be naturally supported and efficiently processed on P Grid because P Grid abstracts a trie structure, and supports rather arbitrary distribution of keys, as observed in realistic scenarios. A Self referential directory is realized to provide peer identity persistence over multiple sessions. A gossip primitive based update mechanism for keeping replicated content up to date. Easy merger of multiple P Grids, and hence decentralized bootstrapping of the P Grid network. Query adaptive caching is easy to realize on P Grid to provide query load balancing where peers have restricted capacity. Overview Image PGrid.jpg 400px thumb For the sake of simplicity, this figure does not show replication. P Grid abstracts a trie and resolves queries based on prefix matching. The actual topology has ... node in the P Grid tree. These are called replicas. The replica peers maintain an independent replica ... matching. Range queries in P grid P Grid partitions the key space in a granularity adaptive to the load at that part of the key space. Consequently, its possible to realize a P Grid overlay network ... to P Grid, DHTs work efficiently only for uniform load distributions. Hence we can use ... P Grid network which supports efficient search of exact keys. Moreover, because of the preservation of lexicographic ordering, range queries can be done efficiently and precisely on P Grid. The trie structure of P Grid allows different range query strategies, processed serially or parallelly, trading off message overheads and query resolution latency. External links http www.p grid.com P Grid homepage ... more details
Other uses Off the grid disambiguation The term off grid refers to not being connected to a grid, mainly used in terms of not being connected to the main or national transmission grid in electricity. In electricity off grid can be stand alone systems SHS or mini grids typically to provide a smaller community with electricity. Off grid electrification is an approach to access electricity used in countries ... kind of electricity generation. The term off the grid OTG can refer to living in a Self sufficiency self sufficient manner without reliance on one or more public utility public utilities . Off the grid ... sewer sewer , natural gas , electrical grid electrical power grid , or similar utility services. A true off grid house is able to operate completely independently of all traditional public utility ... & Garden Television network. Actress Daryl Hannah promotes off grid living and constructed her home ... families living off grid, a figure that has jumped 33 a year for a decade, and cited Richard ...&desc Off the grid or on 2C solar and wind power gain 3B Incentives 2C savings push more families to renewable ... grid households in the United States by late 2007. Because many Third World citizens have never had the chance to go on the grid, current estimates are that 1.7 billion people live off grid worldwide ... power generation that is connected to the electrical grid to avoid the use of toxic lead acid batteries ... Rebate Information The New California Solar Initiative Program ref Grid tie systems are more expensive due to the extra hardware costs such as a grid tie inverter especially when old car battery car batteries ... Gets Wind Power and Knowledge ref Going off grid can be done for altruistic reasons or to lower the environmental ... is an incentive to reduce its use. But if energy usage is not reduced, going off grid actually has a larger environmental impact versus using the grid, due to the lower efficiencies of the components .... In his book How to live off grid Nick Rosen lists seven reasons for going off grid. The top two are saving ... more details
super grid linking renewable energy projects like DESERTEC & Medgrid across North Africa, the Middle East and Europe and could serve as the backbone for the hypothetical supersmart grid. The SuperSmart Grid SSG is a hypothetical wide area synchronous grid wide area electricity network connecting ... would unify super grid and smart grid capabilities into a comprehensive network. There is no planned ... Battaglini and colleagues. History The concept of a Super Grid is not new the term itself was used to describe the emerging unification of the Great Britain grid in the 60s. ref name RSE 1 cite ... Europe has been unifying its grids since the 1950s and its largest Wide area synchronous grid unified grid is the synchronous grid of Continental Europe serving 24 countries. There are studies and ongoing discussions regarding creation of a synchronous grid spanning 13 time zones that would result from unifying the UCTE grid with that of the IPS UPS Interconnection serving Russia, Ukraine and other ... Grid claim that such a major technological upgrade is necessary to assure the practical operation ... need the cite here jjm Concept The concept of a wide area Super grid with centralized control and the concept of small scale, local and decentralized smart grid are two approaches that are often ... decarbonized electricity system. The super grid features would deliver inexpensive, high capacity .... Smart grid capabilities use the local grid s transmission and distribution network to coordinate distributed generation, Grid energy storage grid storage and consumption into a cluster that appears to the super grid as a virtual power plant . ref name smg cite journal url http www.supersmartgrid.net wp content uploads 2008 06 battaglini lilliestam 2008 supersmart grid tallberg1.pdf title The SuperSmart Grid author A. Battaglini, J. Lilliestam, C. Bals, A. Haas format PDF publisher European ... ref The word SuperSmart Grid was invented by Antonella Battaglini and used the first time in the position ... more details
Infobox Software name Grid MP screenshot caption developer Univa formerly known as United Devices United ... products grid mp www.univaud.com Grid MP is a commercial distributed computing software package ..., ref name metaprocessor cite conference first Jikku last Venkat title Grid Computing in the Enterprise ... to Peer Computing P2P 02 year 2002 ref however the letters MP in Grid MP do not officially stand for anything. Product features Grid MP provides job scheduling with prioritization, user security restrictions .... Grid MP can be used to manage computational Devices consisting of corporate desktop PCs, departmental ... www 128.ibm.com developerworks grid library gr harvest ?ca dgr lnxw01HarvestingGrid title Grid in action Harvesting and reusing idle compute cycles publisher IBM quote How United Devices Grid MP helps this happen at the UT Grid project first Ashok last Adiga coauthors Nina Wilner accessdate 2007 08 15 date 28 June 2005 ref Grid MP has been demonstrated as being capable of managing grids of large numbers of nodes during its use in the infrastructure of the grid.org and World Community Grid projects the World Community Grid project migrated to the open source Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network ... of device nodes ref name udproduct cite web url http www.ud.com products gridmp.php title Grid ... suitable for smaller clusters of enterprise servers or workstations. MGSI MP Grid Services Interface ... and PC Grid last ONG first Guan Sin publisher Singapore Computer Systems Ltd date 18 July 2006 ... be installed on each computer that will participate in a Grid MP installation by running jobs. Once the MP Agent is installed on a computer, it is officially recognized by the Grid MP as a Device . ref name ibmharvesting As of Grid MP Enterprise version 5.5, the MP Agent is supported on the following ... Grid MP Platform Data Sheet, Version 5.5 publisher United Devices accessdate 2007 08 15 ref Microsoft ... journal GRIDtoday title United Devices Announces Grid MP 4.2 with Mac OS Support date November ... more details
. discontinued unitssold unitsshipped media os Grid OS operating system power cpu Intel 8086 storage ... predecessor successor nowrap Grid GridCase 1535EXP GridCase 1535EXP ref name classiccmp org index00 related website The Grid Compass written GRiD by its manufacturer GRiD Systems Corporation ... machine was the model 1101. http www.youtube.com watch?v OQgoAQq7bP4 Pioneering the Laptop The GRiD ..., 47 66 Hz, 75 W. The Compass ran its own operating system , GRiD OS . Its specialized software ... with the Gavilan SC and Sharp PC 5000 released the following year, the GRiD Compass established much ... Osborne 1 computer sold at around the same time as the GRiD, was more affordable and more popular, and ran ... the Compass s refinement and small size. The Compass s manufacturer, Grid Systems Corp., was acquired ... GRiD Systems Corporation http www.griduk.com GRiD UK http oldcomputers.net grid1101.html GRiD Compass 1101 at oldcomputers.net http www.ari service.com ftp gridGRiD ftp See http www.ari service.com ftp GRID grid.txt grid.txt http www.netmagic.net clare gis.html GRiDs in Space http www.old computers.com museum computer.asp?c 900 GRiD at old computers.com http pages.total.net hrothgar museum Compass GRiD at Hrothgar s Cool Old Junk Page http video.google.com videosearch?q grid compass laptop Engineering the GRiD Compass at Google Video Category Laptops Category History of computing hardware Category RadioShack Category Products introduced in 1982 de GRiD Compass 1100 es Grid Compass 1100 nl GRiD Compass sr Grid Compass ... more details
Multiple issues refimprove July 2010 expert July 2010 rewrite February 2012 cleanup February 2012 Grid ... domains to reach a common goal. The grid can be thought of as a distributed system with non interactive workloads that involve a large number of files. What distinguishes grid computing from conventional ... coupled, heterogeneous, and geographically dispersed. Although a grid can be dedicated to a specialized application, it is more common that a single grid will be used for a variety of different purposes. Grids are often constructed with the aid of general purpose grid software libraries known as middleware . Grid size can vary by a considerable amount. Grids are a form of distributed computing ... acting together to perform very large tasks. For certain applications, distributed or grid computing ... processors connected by a local high speed computer bus . Overview Grid computing combines computers ... http dlib.cs.odu.edu WhatIsTheGrid.pdf title What is the Grid? A Three Point Checklist ref to solve a single task , and may then disappear just as quickly. One of the main strategies of grid computing ... up to many thousands. Grid computing involves computation in a distributed fashion, which may also ... of a grid may vary from small confined to a network of computer workstations within a corporation, for example ... grid may also be known as an intra nodes cooperation whilst the notion of a larger, wider grid ... distributed computing resources. Scientific workflow system Grid workflow systems have been developed ... a series of computational or data manipulation steps, or a workflow, in the Grid context. Comparison of grids and conventional supercomputers Distributed or grid computing in general is a special ... issues. If a problem can be adequately parallelized, a thin layer of grid infrastructure can ... to harness a particular associated grid or for the purpose of setting up new grids. BOINC is a common ... are listed at the Grid computing See also end of the article . In fact, the middleware can be seen ... more details
In grid electricity electrical grids , a power system network integrates Electric power transmission transmission grids , Electricity distribution distribution grids , distributed generators and loads that have connection points called busses. A bus in home circuit breaker panel s is much smaller than those used on the grid, where busbar s can be 50 mm in diameter in electrical substation s. Traditionally, these grid connections are unidirectional Link telecommunications Point to multipoint point to multipoint links. In distributed generation grids, these connections are bidirectional, and the reverse flow can raise safety and reliability concerns. ref cite web url http www.columbia.edu jeh1 2008 TwentyYearsLater 20080623.pdf author Consortium on Energy Restructuring title Introduction to the Business of Energy work Distributed Generation Educational Module publisher Virginia Tech , National Science Foundation accessdate 2008 11 22 ref Features in smart grid s are designed to manage these conditions. A premises is generally said to have obtained grid connection when its service location becomes powered by a live connection to its service transformer. A power station is generally said to have achieved grid connection when it first supplies power outside of its own boundaries. However, a town is only said to have achieved grid connection when it is connected to several redundancy engineering redundant sources, generally involving long distance transmission. See also Grid electricity Distributed generation Electric power transmission Electricity distribution Electricity retailing Independent System Operator Load management Smart meter References reflist Electricity generation DEFAULTSORT Grid Connection Category Electric power distribution Category Electric power transmission systems ... more details
A Sensor Grid integrates wireless sensor networks with Grid computing concepts to enable real time sensor ... Grid was first defined in the Discovery Net project where a distinction was made between Sensor ... title Grid based analysis of air pollution data journal Ecological modelling volume 194 issue 1 3 ... of the sensors, the focus of constructing a sensor grid is on the issues relating to the data management ... environment. In particular in a Sensor Grid is characterized by Distributed Sensor Data Access and Integration ... grid and how sensors can be located, accessed and integrated within a particular study. Large ... relating to the need for integrating the analysis data collected from a Sensor Grid with other ... on a computational Grid. Uses The sensor grid enables the collection, processing, sharing, visualization, archiving and searching of large amounts of sensor data. ref H.B. Lim, et al. Sensor Grid Integration of Wireless Sensor Networks and the Grid, In Proc. of the IEEE Conference on Local Computer ..., J. On the Grid and Sensor Networks. In Proc. Of International Workshop on Grid Computing. pages 166 173. Nov. 2003. ref ref M. Gaynor, et al. Integrating wireless sensor networks with the grid. IEEE .... Iqbal, B. Li, X. Yin, and T. Sharma, The National Weather Sensor Grid, Proc. of the 5th ACM Conference ... for a sensor grid. First, the vast amount of data collected by the sensors can be processed, analyzed, and stored using the computational and data storage resources of the grid. Second, the sensors can ... and signal on the sensor devices. Finally, a sensor grid provides seamless access to a wide variety ... Grid architecture2 new.jpg style text align center Typical sensor grid architecture Applications A sensor grid based architecture has many applications such as Community based monitoring environmental ... doi 10.3390 s8063601 ref See also Wireless sensor network Sensor web Grid computing Data mining References Reflist 2 Further reading For sensor grid architectures, designs and applications, see the following ... more details
Infobox Magazine name The Grid title The Grid image type Weekly City Magazine format Tabloid newspaper format Tabloid foundation 2011 company Torstar headquarters Toronto , Ontario , Canada editor in chief Laas Turnbull publisher Laas Turnbull ISSN website The Grid is a weekly newspaper, published in Toronto , Ontario and Canada . The paper was launched on May 12, 2011, after owner Torstar discontinued publication of its previous title Eye Weekly . ref name marketing http www.marketingmag.ca news media news toronto can say bye to eye it E2 80 99s changing to the grid 25808 Toronto Can Say Bye to Eye, It s Changing to The Grid . Marketing magazine Marketing , April 11, 2011. ref According to editor Laas Turnbull, the publication s strategy is to be a younger, hipper, more provocative version of Toronto Life in a weekly guise . ref name marketing Contributors to the new publication include several former Eye Weekly writers. See also Dose magazine References reflist External links http www.thegridto.com The Grid Torstar DEFAULTSORT Grid, The Category Alternative weekly newspapers published in Canada Category Torstar publications Category Newspapers published in Toronto Category Publications established in 2011 Canada newspaper stub Toronto stub ... more details
In computer science , a grid file or bucket grid is a point access method which splits a space into a non periodic wikt gridgrid where one or more cells of the grid refer to a small set of points. Grid files a symmetric data structure provide an efficient method of storing these indexes on disk to perform complex data lookups. It provides a grid of n dimensions where n represents how many keys can be used to reference a single point. Grid files do not contain any data themselves but instead contain references to the correct bucket computing bucket . Uses A grid file is usually used in cases where a single value can be referenced by multiple keys. A grid file began being used because traditional file structures that provide multikey access to records, for example, inverted files, are extensions of file structures originally designed for single key access. They manifest various deficiencies ... The Grid File An Adaptable, Symmetric Multikey File Structure . Institut fur Informatik, ETH and K ... criterion can be much more complex. Grid files represent a special kind of hashing, where the traditional hash is replaced by a grid directory. Examples Consensus Database ref Donald Knuth . The Art ... of Database Systems , Third Edition. Addison Wesley, 2000. ISBN 0 201 54263 3. Section 6.4.3 Grid Files ... whose names begin with the same letter. A grid file can be used to provide an efficient ... data structure array , table database table , or grid spatial index grid with two dimensions ... continent. The cells in the grid file would then consist of a city header, and six one for each continent ... array. Advantages Since a single entry in the grid file contains pointers to all records indexed by the specified ... tgf Disadvantages However, because of the nature of the grid file, which gives it its advantages ... and deletion Related Data Structures multilayer grid file twin grid files BANG file See also Lattice graph Grid spatial index Index database , Quadtree , Kd tree , UB tree , R tree , range tree as alternatives ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2007 The value grid model was proposed by Pil and Holweg as a means to show that the way firms compete has shifted away from the linear value chain way management theory has traditionally thought about value chain management. The advantages of a value grid framework, as opposed to value chains, is in allowing companies managers to strategize and coordinate operations. Common non linear value chain strategies include influencing demand, modifying information access, exploring multitier penetration, managing risk, seizing value, integrating value, creating new value propositions, exploiting value chains across tiers, pursuing pinch point mapping, and defining demand enablers. Literature Pil, F.K. and Holweg, M. 2006 Evolving from value chain to value grid. MIT Sloan Management Review, 47 4 72 80 See also Value chain Supply chain management DEFAULTSORT Value Grid Category Strategic management Chain Category Value Category Process management ... more details
Image Hanan5.svg thumb Hanan grid generated for a 5 terminal case In geometry , the Hanan grid H S of a finite set S of points in the plane is obtained by constructing vertical and horizontal lines through each point in S . The main motivation for studying the Hanan grid stems from the fact that it is known to contain a rectilinear Steiner tree for S . ref Martin Zachariasen, http citeseerx.ist.psu.edu viewdoc summary?doi 10.1.1.43.3586 A Catalog of Hanan Grid Problems Networks , vol. 38, 2000, pp. 200 221 ref It is named after M. Hanan, who was first ref Christine R. Leverenz, Miroslaw Truszczynski, http portal.acm.org ft gateway.cfm?id 306402&type pdf The Rectilinear Steiner Tree Problem Algorithms and Examples using Permutations of the Terminal Set , 1999 ACM Southeast Regional Conference , 1999, doi 10.1145 306363.306402 ref to investigate the rectilinear Steiner minimum tree and introduced this graph. ref M. Hanan, On Steiner s problem with rectilinear distance, J. SIAM Appl. Math. 14 1966 , 255 265. ref References reflist Category Graph families Category Geometric graphs ... more details
merge to exhaustive search date October 2011 orphan date October 2011 In the context of machine learning , grid search is an algorithm that performs an exhaustive search through a subset of the parameter space of a learning algorithm to solve problem of model selection finding the optimal parameters for a dataset. The algorithm must be guided by some performance metric, measured by cross validation on a training set. ref Chin Wei Hsu, Chih Chung Chang and Chih Jen Lin 2010 . A practical guide to support vector classification. Technical Report, National Taiwan University . ref Since the parameter space of a machine learner may include real valued or unbounded value spaces for certain parameters, manually set bounds and discretization may be necessary before applying grid search. External link The machine learning toolkit scikit learn includes a http scikit learn.sourceforge.net modules grid search.html grid search module . References references Category Machine learning ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Grid bias is a direct current DC voltage applied to Vacuum tube electron tubes or valves in British English with three electrodes or more, such as triodes. The control grid usually the first grid of these devices is used to control the electron flow from the heated cathode to the positively charged anode . Bias point in small signal applications is set to minimize distortion and achieve sufficiently low power draw. In high power applications, biasing is typically set for maximum available output power or voltage, with a secondary target of either low distortion or high efficiency. In a typical voltage amplifier , including power stages of most audio power amplifier s, DC bias voltage is negative relative to cathode potential. Instant grid voltage sum of DC bias and alternate current AC input signal should never rise above cathode potential to prevent grid to cathode currents that overload preceding amplifier stages and may cause severe even order distortion. High transconductance tubes develop significant grid currents even with small negative bias in these cases, maximum instant voltage ceiling is lowered to 1.0.. 0.5 Volt . High efficiency Class B amplifier Class B and AB Class B push pull amplifier s operate at higher bias points near zero or even positive values . These designs take care of grid currents through the use of cathode follower s or interstage transformer s easing current load on the driver stages, and deep negative feedback to minimize distortion. High power transmitter tube s oscillator s and modulator s are frequently positively biased to maximize radio frequency output. Distortion is minimized by using band pass filter loads tuned to the desired radio frequency. Bias voltage is obtained through An external ... grid tied to ground and stabilize plate current Grid leak bias diverting DC grid current through a high value grid resistor. See also Biasing DEFAULTSORT Grid Bias Category Vacuum tubes Physics stub ... more details
Mergeinto Power Rangers Premise date February 2012 The Morphing Grid is a universal system used in the Power Rangers franchise. It is the energy source that allows normal humans to become Power Rangers . Accessing the Morphing Grid The Grid is accessed by means of a Mighty Morphin Power Rangers Arsenal Power Morpher , with its energy transferred to the person wielding the Morpher. Each Morpher grants the person using it a protective suit, helmet, side arm, and individual weapon of its own design. A Morpher also grant its user increased strength, speed & reflexes resistance to damage, martial arts skills and sometimes an individual attack either elemental, energy or weapon based . sf stub date May 2011 Category Power Rangers Category Fictional power sources ... more details
For the concept in topology Grid cell topology File RatRunningPath.JPG thumb right 198px Trajectory of a rat ... entorhinal grid cell fired. A grid cell is a type of neuron that has been found in the brains ... are made as the rat moves around freely in an open arena. For a grid cell, if a dot is placed ... form the vertices of a grid of equilateral triangles. This regular triangle pattern is what distinguishes grid cells from other types of cells that show spatial firing correlates. By contrast .... File Uniform tiling 63 t2.png thumb left 150px Grid cells derive their name from the fact that connecting the centers of their firing fields gives a triangular grid. Grid cells were discovered in 2005 ... about position and direction. What makes grid cells especially interesting is that the regularity in grid spacing does not derive from any regularity in the environment or in the sensory input available to an animal. In other words, grid cells appear to encode a type of abstract spatial structure ... features of the environment. Thus, the discovery of grid cells may provide a verification ... firing in a hexagonal grid pattern ref name Hafting2005 . The study showed that cells at similar dorsal to ventral MEC levels had similar grid spacing and grid orientation but the phase of the grid the offset of the grid vertices relative to the x and y axes appeared to be randomly distributed ... s speed and direction, leading the authors to suggest that grid cells expressed a path integration ... grid cell.JPG thumb right 200px Spatial Autocorrelation autocorrelogram of the neuronal activity of the grid cell from the first figure. Grid cells are neurons that fire when a freely moving animal traverses ... of pure grid cells, in the sense that they fire equally regardless of the direction in which an animal traverses a grid location. Grid cells from deeper layers are intermingled with cells with conjunctive grid and head direction properties i.e. in layers III, V and VI there are cells with a grid like ... more details
Grid Wars is a computer game inspired by Bizarre Creations Geometry Wars developed by Marco Incitti. The first version of the game was released as freeware on December 21, 2005 on Marco Incitti s Blitz Creations website. Although other freeware games similar to Geometry Wars exist, Grid Wars eventually became so popular that Bizarre emailed Incitti and asked him to take the game down, citing that they were beginning to feel the effects of the Geometry Wars clones on our sales via Microsoft now and are beginning a process to begin to more robustly protect our copyright and intellectual property . ref name GAMA cite web url http www.gamasutra.com php bin news index.php?story 10423 title Round Up Cash Money Chaos, Disney, Grid Wars C&D author Jason Dobson date August 9, 2006 ref The link to the download was pulled from the site on August 8, 2006. The sequel, Grid Wars 2, was subsequently released on a German website dedicated to Flash and freeware games and is available for Windows, OSX and Linux. Unlike Geometry Wars which eventually plateaus in difficulty facilitating high scores in the range of hundreds of millions of points, Gridwars 2 has an exponentially increasing difficulty curve. Eventually, the enemy spawn sites become so large that they nearly envelope the entire grid. References references Sinclair, Brandan. http www.gamespot.com xbox360 action geometrywarsretroevolved news.html?sid 6155850 Bizarre begins Geometry Wars clone wars . GameSpot . August 15, 2006. Bramwell, Tom. http www.eurogamer.net article.php?article id 66730 Bizarre finally tackles Grid Wars . Eurogamer . August 16, 2006. Bramwell, Tom. http www.eurogamer.net article.php?article id 66788 Grid Wars ... Creations Marco Incitti s page with his other games, and where Grid Wars was formerly hosted. http gridwars.marune.de g ridwars Grid Wars 2 mod Category 2005 video games Category Multidirectional shooters Category Windows games Category Mac OS X games Category Linux games sv Grid Wars zh Grid Wars ... more details
Infobox Organization name The Green Grid image size image size, not required, default 250px type non profit headquarters Oregon location international membership 170 formation February 26, 2007 ref cite news title Green Grid Plans First Technical Summit url http www.eweek.com c a Infrastructure Green Grid Plans First Technical Summit date 2007 04 10 author Chris Preimesberger accessdate 2008 03 26 ref website http www.thegreengrid.org Official website The Green Grid is a non profit, open industry consortium of end users, policy makers, technology providers, facility architects, and utility companies collaborating to improve the resource efficiency of data centers and business computing ecosystems. With more than 170 member companies around the world, The Green Grid seeks to unite global industry efforts, create a common set of metrics, and develop technical resources and educational tools to further its goals. Background The data center has changed considerably as the evolution of information technology has enabled it to become the critical nerve center of today s enterprise. As business demands increase, so does the number of data center facilities which house a rising amount of powerful IT equipment. Data center managers around the world are running into resource limits related to power, cooling, and space, making the resource efficiency of data centers an important topic of discussion ..., and utility companies, The Green Grid aims to become the global authority on resource efficient ... members ref cite news title Intel and Microsoft plug into the Green Grid url http www.theregister.co.uk ... Symantec http www.thegreengrid.org about the green grid member list.aspx Full members list See also Green computing References Reflist refbegin cite news title Green Grid Looks For New Data Center ... http www.thegreengrid.org The Green Grid official website http www.thegreengrid.org en Global Content ... Data Centers DEFAULTSORT Green Grid Category Conservation and environmental non governmental organizations ... more details
like miniature wing s. By contrast, grid fins are a lattice of smaller aerodynamic surfaces arranged ... iron s. Grid fins can be folded against the body of a missile more easily than planar fins, allowing ... as control surfaces. In the case of the MOAB, grid fins allow the weapon to fit inside a C 130 Hercules C 130 cargo bay for deployment while the craft is in flight. Grid fins have a much shorter chord .... Grid fins perform very well at subsonic and supersonic speeds, but poorly at transonic speeds the flow ... Mach number s, grid fins flow fully supersonic and can provide lower drag physics drag and greater ... weapons q0261.shtml Missile Grid Fins, Aerospaceweb.org http www.dtic.mil ttcp wpn.htm Conventional ... Grid Fin Category Aerospace engineering Category Aircraft wing design Category Aircraft controls Category ... more details
Electrical devices are considered grid friendly if they operate in a manner that supports electrical Electric power transmission power grid reliability ref Ning Lu Hammerstrom, D.J. , Design Considerations for Frequency Responsive Grid Friendly&trade Appliances, Transmission and Distribution Conference ... stamp stamp.jsp?tp &arnumber 1668573&isnumber 34941 ref . Basic grid friendly devices may incorporate ..., reducing load when prices are at a peak. Grid friendly devices can include major appliance s found ... global balance between supply and demand. Without grid friendly frequency response, the rate at which ... relatively slowly . In contrast, grid friendly devices can act very quickly ref Ning Lu Hammerstrom, D.J. , Design Considerations for Frequency Responsive Grid Friendly&trade Appliances, Transmission ... May 2006 http ieeexplore.ieee.org stamp stamp.jsp?tp &arnumber 1668573&isnumber 34941 ref . A grid ... the frequency rises. Although a single grid friendly device may be a very small load, the fraction ... Ning Lu Hammerstrom, D.J. , Design Considerations for Frequency Responsive Grid Friendly&trade Appliances ... ref . The advantage of grid friendly frequency response is that frequency is ubiquitous on an electric ... voltage is a more local phenomenon, and grid friendly devices that respond to voltage will support more ... Response While frequency and voltage respond to physical phenomena on the electric system, grid ..., higher prices occur at times when the electric system is running short of supply. The purpose of grid ... is one means of reducing the market power of electricity suppliers when production runs short. Grid ... project final report pnnl17167.pdf ref Demonstrated Results A demonstration of grid friendly technology ..., industrial loads belonging to municipalities, and a number of vendors and researchers. The grid friendly ... grid problems expressed as frequency deviations and reduced energy consumption at critical moments. The Olympic ... as a double action. Both of these projects showed how grid friendly technologies can and do reduce ... more details
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