http www.ianlogan.co.uk discussion hap F.htm Haplogroup F. ref It is a descendant haplogroup of Haplogroup R mtDNAHaplogroup R . Origin Empty section date December 2009 Distribution Fairly common ...Infobox haplogroup name F origin date 43,400 YBP ref name soares cite journal title Correcting for Purifying Selection An Improved Human Mitochondrial Molecular Clock year 2009 url http www.cell.com AJHG abstract S0002 9297 09 00163 3 doi 10.1016 j.ajhg.2009.05.001 pmid 19500773 last1 Soares first1 P last2 Ermini first2 L last3 Thomson first3 N last4 Mormina first4 M last5 Rito first5 T last6 R hl first6 A last7 Salas first7 A last8 Oppenheimer first8 S last9 MacAulay first9 V volume 84 issue 6 pages 740 59 pmc 2694979 journal American journal of human genetics ref origin place Asia ancestor Haplogroup R mtDNA R9 descendants F1, F2, F3, F4 mutations 249d, 6392, 10310 ref name vanOven cite journal title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation journal Human Mutation date 13 Oct 2008 first Mannis last van Oven coauthors Manfred Kayser volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 E394 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 url http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 121449735 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 format accessdate 2009 05 20 pmid 18853457 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup F is a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup typical for the Far East . Haplogroup ... , Thailand and Vietnam . Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup F subclades is based ... Genealogy Human mitochondrial genetics Population Genetics MtDNA References references External links ... www.phylotree.org Phylotree Haplogroup F https www3.nationalgeographic.com genographic atlas.html?card mm017 Spread of Haplogroup F , from National Geographic magazine National Geographic DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup F Mtdna Category Human mtDNA haplogroups F bioinformatics stub genetics stub cs Haploskupina F mtDNA de Haplogruppe F mtDNA es Haplogrupo F ADNmt hi ru F ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name H origin date 25,000 30,000 YBP origin place Southwest Asia ref name achilli2004 ancestor Haplogroup HV mtDNA HV ref name achilli2004 descendants H lineages, H1, H2, H3, H4, H5 ... is a descendant of Haplogroup HV mtDNAhaplogroup HV . The Cambridge Reference Sequence CRS , the human ... culture. The spread of subclades H1, H3 and the sister Haplogroup V mtDNAhaplogroup V reflect ... now recognize that CRS can also appear in U or HV. Distribution Haplogroup H is the most common mtDNA ... doi 10.1038 sj.ejhg.5201425 ref About one half of European ethnic groups Europeans are of mtDNAhaplogroup ... uniformity a pied cladistic canvas of mtDNAhaplogroup H in Eurasia journal Molecular Biology ... less frequent H5 Main Haplogroup H5 mtDNA H5 may have evolved in West Asia, where it is most frequent ... the originator of this mtDNAhaplogroup Helena . Stephen Oppenheimer uses the very similar name ... default.aspx mtDNAHaplogroup H Project at familytreedna Family Tree DNA National Geographic ... H , from National Geographic magazine National Geographic mtDNA http www.snpedia.org index.php Haplogroup H mtDNAHaplogroup H article at SNPedia Amelia s http www.olypen.com amelia helena Helena cite ... cladistic canvas of mtDNAhaplogroup H in Eurasia journal Molecular Biology and Evolution volume 21 ... www.genebase.com learning article 20 Tutorials on mtDNAHaplogroup H Genebase s http www.genebase.com doc mtdnaHaplogroup H Tree.pdf Phylogenetic tree of mtDNAHaplogroup H Genebase s http www.genebase.com doc mtdnaHaplogroup H Subclade Distribution Map.pdf Geographical distribution of mtDNAHaplogroup ... home.comcast.net libpjr1 H1.htm Hope The H1 mtDNAHaplogroup Project DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup H Mtdna ... ref name vanOven In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup H is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup that likely originated in Southwest Asia ref name achilli2004 cite journal author Achilli A, Rengo C, Magri C, et al. title The Molecular Dissection of mtDNA ... more details
define mt haplogroup J consequently produces higher body heat in the phenotype of mtDNA J individuals ... Analysis of mtDNAHaplogroup J Jim Logan. September, 2008 ref See also Genealogical DNA test Genetic ... files logan.htm A Comprehensive Analysis of mtDNAHaplogroup J Jim Logan. September, 2008 http www.jogg.info 51 files Logan3.htm A Refined Phylogeny for mtDNAHaplogroup J http www.jogg.info 41 Logan.htm The Subclades of mtDNAHaplogroup J and Proposed Motifs for Assigning Control Region Sequences ... Cyrillic http www.familytreedna.com public J mtDNA J & subclades mt Haplogroup project at FTDNA ...Infobox haplogroup name J origin date 45000 years before present origin place Western Asia ancestor Haplogroup JT mtDNA JT descendants J1, J2 mutations 295 489 10398 12612 13708 16069 ref name vanOven ... abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 pmid 18853457 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup J is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup . Haplogroup J derives from the haplogroup JT mtDNAhaplogroup JT , which also gave rise to Haplogroup T mtDNAHaplogroup T . In his popular book The Seven Daughters of Eve , Bryan Sykes named the originator of this mtDNAhaplogroup Jasmine . Within the field of medical genetics , certain polymorphisms specific to haplogroup ... E3b papers PiiaSerk 04 mt DNA J MS thesis.pdf Piia Serk, Human Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup ... years ago , J2b3 5,800 yrs ago , etc. Haplogroup J along with T is associated with the peoples who ... . class wikitable Coalescence time estimates for the subclades of mitochondrial haplogroup J Subclade ... of J Haplogroup as a whole is highest in the Near East 12 followed by Europe 11 , Caucasus 8 and North .... Within Europe, 2 frequency distribution of mtDNA J is as follows ref Lucia Simoni, Francesc Calafell, Davide Pettener, Jaume Bertranpetit, and Guido Barbujani, Geographic Patterns of mtDNA Diversity ... forms in the Near East. ref name Serk Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup J subclades ... more details
Asia ancestor Haplogroup U8 mtDNA U8b K descendants Haplogroup K1 mtDNA K1 , Haplogroup K2 mtDNA K2 ... accessdate 2009 05 20 pmid 18853457 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup K is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup , defined by HVR1 mutations 16224C and 16311C. Origin It is the most common subclade of Haplogroup U mtDNAHaplogroup U8 haplogroup ... Eastern mtDNA Pool . AJHG, 2000. ref Distribution Haplogroup K appears in West Eurasia , North Africa , and South Asia and in populations with such an ancestry. Overall mtDNAHaplogroup K is found in about ... K U8b K K1 K1a K1a1 K1a1a K1a1a1 K1a1b K1a1b1 Haplogroup K1a1b1a mtDNA K1a1b1a K1a1b1b K1a1b2 K1a1b2a ... In his popular book The Seven Daughters of Eve , Bryan Sykes named the originator of this mtDNAhaplogroup ... Report . See also Genealogical DNA test Genetic Genealogy Haplogroup K1a1b1a mtDNA Human mitochondrial ... magazine National Geographic http www.familytreedna.com public mtDNA K mtDNAHaplogroup K ... HgK.shtml Danish Demes Regional DNA Project mtDNAHaplogroup K DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup K Mtdna Category ...Infobox haplogroup name K origin date 22,700 to 40,400 YBP ref name soares cite journal title Correcting .... Approximately 16 of the Druze of Syria , Lebanon , Israel , and Jordan , belong to haplogroup ... ejhg journal v12 n5 abs 5201156a.html Doron M. Behar et al. MtDNA evidence for a genetic bottleneck ... Bertranpetit, and Guido Barbujani, Geographic Patterns of mtDNA Diversity in Europe, American Journal ... ancestry are in haplogroup K. This high percentage points to a genetic bottleneck occurring some 100 generations ago. ref name nature.com Ashkenazi mtDNA K clusters into three subclades seldom found in non Jews Haplogroup K1a1b1a mtDNA K1a1b1a , K1a9, and K2a2a. Thus it is possible to detect three individual female ancestors, likely from a Hebrew Levantine mtDNA pool, whose descendants lived in Europe ... 13.3 . ref http dx.doi.org 10.1038 sj.ejhg.5201145 Vincent Dubut et al., mtDNA polymorphisms in five ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name L4a origin date origin place Africa ancestor Haplogroup L4 mtDNA L4 descendants L4a mutations 195C, 3357, 5460, 10373, 11253, 11344, 11485, 12414, 13174, 14302, 16260 In human genetics , Haplogroup L4a is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup . It is a small African haplogroup. ref http www.ianlogan.co.uk discussion hap L7.htm Haplogroups L7. ref It was once called L7 and considered its own branch of L. It was determined to be a subclade of L4 and renamed L4a by Behar et al. in The dawn of human matrilineal diversity . ref name Behar2008 Cite pmid 18439549 ref Origin Empty section date December 2009 Distribution Empty section date December 2009 Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup L4a subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation ref name vanOven cite journal doi 10.1002 humu.20921 pmid 18853457 volume 30 issue 2 year 2009 month February pages E386 94 title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation last1 Van Oven first1 Mannis last2 Kayser first2 Manfred journal Human Mutation title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation journal Human Mutation date 13 Oct 2008 first Mannis last van Oven coauthors Manfred Kayser volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 E394 pmid 18853457 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 url http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 121449735 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 format accessdate 2009 05 20 ref and subsequent published research. L4 L4a L4a1 L4a1a L4a2 See also Genealogical DNA test Genetic Genealogy Human mitochondrial genetics Population Genetics Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups MtDNA References references External ... mtDNA haplogroups L7 genetics stub bioinformatics stub ca Haplogrup mitocondrial hum L7 cs Haploskupina L7 mtDNA ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name X map Haplogroup X mtDNA .PNG origin date 30,000 YBP origin place West Asia ancestor Haplogroup N mtDNA N descendants Haplogroup X1 mtDNA X1 , Haplogroup X2 mtDNA X2 mutations 73 ... format accessdate 2009 05 20 pmid 18853457 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup X is a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup . It has a widespread global distribution but no major regions of distinct localization. Origin File Migration map4.png 300px right thumb mtDNA based chart of possible large human migrations. The genetic sequences of haplogroup X diverged originally from Haplogroup N mtDNAhaplogroup N , and subsequently further diverged about 30,000 years ago ref Soares, Pedro ... pmc 2427228 ref Unlike the four main Native American mtDNA haplogroups Haplogroup A mtDNA A , Haplogroup B mtDNA B , Haplogroup C mtDNA C , Haplogroup D mtDNA D , and the Y chromosome sub haplogroup ... and Kazakhs who do not show mtDNAhaplogroup X. Genetic studies and researchers show, the analysis ... 2010 ref In addition, these same researchers have detailed that the mtDNAhaplogroup X haplotype present ... haplogroup X mtDNA lineages ref name autogenerated1 One theory of how the X Haplogroup ended up in North ... and Diffusion of mtDNAHaplogroup X publisher The American Society of Human Genetics pmc 1180497 ... that haplogroup X, together with the other four main mtDNA haplogroups, was part of the gene pool ... of this mtDNAhaplogroup Xenia . See also Genealogical DNA test Genetic Genealogy Human mitochondrial ... journal author Brown MD, Hosseini SH, Torroni A, et al. title mtDNAhaplogroup X An ancient link between ... DG, Malhi RS, Eshleman J, Lorenz JG, Kaestle FA title Distribution of mtDNAhaplogroup X among Native ... Haplogroup X Mtdna Category Human mtDNA haplogroups X cs Haploskupina X mtDNA de Haplogruppe ... haplogroup X accounts for about 2 of the population of Europe , the Near East , and North Africa ... Beringia Marked by Two Rare mtDNA Haplogroups , Current Biology , Volume 19, Issue 1, 13 January ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name L5 origin date 114,200 126,200 YBP ref name soares cite journal title Correcting for Purifying Selection An Improved Human Mitochondrial Molecular Clock year 2009 url http www.cell.com AJHG abstract S0002 9297 09 00163 3 doi 10.1016 j.ajhg.2009.05.001 pmid 19500773 last1 Soares first1 P last2 Ermini first2 L last3 Thomson first3 N last4 Mormina first4 M last5 Rito first5 T last6 R hl first6 A last7 Salas first7 A last8 Oppenheimer first8 S last9 MacAulay first9 V volume 84 issue 6 pages 740 59 pmc 2694979 journal American journal of human genetics ref origin place East Africa ancestor L2 3 4 5 6 descendants Haplogroup L5a mtDNA L5a , Haplogroup L5c mtDNA L5c mutations 3423, 7972, 12432, 12950 ref name vanOven cite journal title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation journal Human Mutation date 13 Oct 2008 first Mannis last van Oven coauthors Manfred Kayser volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 E394 pmid 18853457 url http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 121449735 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 accessdate 2009 05 20 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup L5 is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup . It was previously known as L1e . Origin Empty section date December 2009 Distribution It is a small African haplogroup from East Africa . The highest frequency is in Mbuti Pygmies at 15 . ref Sarah A. Tishkoff et al. 2007, http mbe.oxfordjournals.org cgi content full 24 10 2180 History of Click Speaking Populations of Africa Inferred from mtDNA and Y ... , BMC Evolutionary Biology. 8 45 52. ref Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup L5 subclades ... references Notes Reflist group Note MtDNA External links General Ian Logan s http www.ianlogan.co.uk ... Human mtDNA haplogroups L5 genetics stub ca Haplogrup mitocondrial hum L5 cs Haploskupina L5 mtDNA es Haplogrupo L5 ADNmt hi ... more details
pmc 2323359 ref origin place ancestor Haplogroup K mtDNA K1a1b1 descendants mutations 114 10978 ... 18853457 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup K1a1b1a is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup . The K1a1b1a subclade is found in Ashkenazi Jews . It is a subclade under Haplogroup K mtDNAHaplogroup K . Origin The origin of the subclade is unknown ... together account for 45 of all Ashkenazi mtDNA haplotypes. Approximately 19 of Ashkenazi Jews with ancestry from Poland are in mtDNAhaplogroup K1a1b1a. ref name Doron 2006 cite journal title The Matrilineal ... will require further research. The haplogroup is distributed in Europe and the Middle East. ref cite web url http freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com wrhurst mtdna k kpk1a1b1a.jpg title mtDNAHaplogroup K K1a1b1a Subclade Haplotypes accessdate 2009 05 08 last Hurst first William format JPG work mtDNAHaplogroup K Project ref Estimates suggest approximately 1,600,000 Jews worldwide would be K1a1b1a ...Orphan date March 2011 Infobox haplogroup name K1a1b1a origin date 3976 YBP 0 9366 ref name Doron Founders 2008 cite journal title Counting the Founders The Matrilineal Genetic Ancestry journal PLoS ONE editor1 first Vincent date April 30, 2008 editor1 last MacAulay first Doron last Behar coauthors Ene Metspalu, Toomas Kivisild, Saharon Rosset, Shay Tzur, Yarin Hadid, Guennady Yudkovsky, Dror Rosengarten, Luisa Pereira, Antonio Amorim, Ildus Kutuev, David Gurwitz, Batsheva Bonne Tamir, Richard Villems ... Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup H subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven ... Genetics Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups mtDNA References references External links General Ian ... Phylotree Charles Kerchner s http www.kerchner.com haplogroups mtdna.htm mtDNA Haplogroups Page Haplogroup K http www.familytreedna.com public mtDNA K mtDNAHaplogroup K Project at familytreedna Family Tree DNA Category DNA Category Human mtDNA haplogroups K1a1b1a ... more details
ref In human mitochondrial genetics , haplogroup E is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup typical for the Malay Archipelago . It is a subgroup of Haplogroup M mtDNAhaplogroup M9 . Origin After a point of view, it was arisen in Northeast Sundaland or around ... Trejaut Haplogroup E is a subclade of Haplogroup M9, which is the most frequently occurring mtDNAhaplogroup among modern Tibetans of Xizang . ref Zhendong Qin, Yajun Yang, Longli Kang et al. , A Mitochondrial ...Infobox haplogroup name E origin date 16,400 to 39,000 YBP ref name Soares origin place Indonesia ref name Soares Soares et al. 2008 , http mbe.oxfordjournals.org cgi content full 25 6 1209 Climate Change and Postglacial Human Dispersals in Southeast Asia , Molecular Biology and Evolution, June 2008 25 1213 ref or Taiwan ref name Trejaut Trejaut, J. et al 2005. http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc articles PMC1166350 Traces of Archaic Mitochondrial Lineages Persist in Austronesian Speaking Formosan Populations. PLoS Biol. 2005 August 3 8 e247. ref ancestor M9 descendants E1, E2 mutations 3027, 3705, 7598, 13626, 16390 ref name vanOven cite journal title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation journal Human Mutation date 13 Oct 2008 first Mannis last van Oven coauthors Manfred Kayser volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 E394 pmid 18853457 url http www3.interscience.wiley.com ... Maximum, American Journal of Physical Anthropology 143 555 569 2010 ref Distribution Haplogroup ... tree of haplogroup E subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated ... DNA haplogroups MtDNA References References External links General Ian Logan s http www.ianlogan.co.uk mtDNA.htm Mitochondrial DNA Site Mannis van Oven s http www.phylotree.org Phylotree Haplogroup ... page 8 pmid 15984912 pmc 1166350 Category Human mtDNA haplogroups E bioinformatics stub genetics stub ca Haplogrup mitocondrial hum E cs Haploskupina E mtDNA de Haplogruppe E mtDNA es Haplogrupo E ADNmt ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name U origin date 55,000 BP origin place Western Asia ancestor Haplogroup R mtDNA ... 18853457 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup U is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup . Origins Haplogroup U descends from a woman in the Haplogroup R mtDNA branch of the phylogenetic tree, who lived around 55,000 years ... homelands. Distribution Haplogroup U is subdivided into Haplogroups U1 U8. Haplogroup K mtDNAHaplogroup K is a subclade of U8. ref name Gonzalez cite journal author Gonz lez AM, Garc a O, Larruga ... Europe. ref http www.cagetti.com Genetics U1a haplogroup.html mtDNAHaplogroup U1a page at cagetti.com .... ref http www.familytreedna.com public mtDNA 20U2 FTDNA mtDNA U2 Haplogroup project. ref This haplogroup ... K Haplogroup K mtDNAHaplogroup K named Katrine by Bryan Sykes makes up a sizeable fraction of European and West Asian mtDNA lineages. It is now known it is actually a subclade of haplogroup U8b ... U4b2 U4c U4c1 U4d U4d1 U4d2 U9 U9a U9b U7 U7a U8 U8a U8a1 U8a1a U8b K U8b Haplogroup K mtDNA K See ... public mtDNA 20U mtDNAHaplogroup U Project at familytreedna Family Tree DNA http dgmweb.net genealogy DNA DK DanishDemes mtDNA results HgU.shtml Danish Demes Regional DNA Project mtDNAHaplogroup ... public U1mtDNA mtDNAHaplogroup U1 Project at familytreedna Family Tree DNA Haplogroup U2 The http www.familytreedna.com public mtDNA 20U2 mtDNAHaplogroup U2 Project at familytreedna Family Tree DNA Haplogroup U4 http www.familytreedna.com public U4mtDNA The mtDNAHaplogroup U4 Project at familytreedna ... U5 http www.worldfamilies.net mtdna u5 MtDNAHaplogroup U5 Webpage at WorldFamilies.net Brian Hamman ... U6 The http www.familytreedna.com public U6mtdna mtDNAHaplogroup U6 Project at familytreedna ... U7 http www.familytreedna.com public mtDNA 20U7 The U7 Haplogroup Mitochondrial DNA Project at familytreedna Family Tree DNA Haplogroup U8 http www.familytreedna.com public mtDNA U8 The U8 Haplogroup ... more details
1&SRETRY 0 format accessdate 2009 05 20 pmid 18853457 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup L0 is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup . Origin ...Infobox haplogroup name L0 origin date 112,200 to 188,000 YBP ref name Soares cite journal title Supplemental ... February 2012 Haplogroup L0 consists of five main branches L0a, L0b, L0d, L0f, L0k . Four of them were originally classified into haplogroup L1 as L1a, L1d, L1f, and L1k. Clade label1 Mitochondrial Eve MRCA mtDNA 1 Clade label2 Haplogroup L1 6 mtDNA L1 6 2 Clade label1 1 Haplogroup L1 mtDNA L1 2 L2 6 label1 L0 1 Clade label1 ... pubmed 15225159 MtDNA Profile of West Africa Guineans Towards a Better Understanding ... 24 10 2180 History of Click Speaking Populations of Africa Inferred from mtDNA and Y Chromosome ... Khwe Xun 83 and Botswana Kung 100 . Haplogroup L0d is the most divergent ancient haplogroup of global ... Africa . ref Chen YS, Olckers A, Schurr TG, Kogelnik AM, Huoponen K and Wallace DC 2000 . mtDNA ... D, et al., 2003 . African Y chromosome and mtDNA divergence provides insight into the history of click ... mtDNA and Y chromosome genetic variation. Molecular Biology and Evolution 24 2180 95. http mbe.oxfordjournals.org ... most common haplogroup in the Khoisan groups following L0d and is largely restricted to the Khoisan. ref Chen YS, Olckers A, Schurr TG, Kogelnik AM, Huoponen K and Wallace DC 2000 . mtDNA variation ... . African Y chromosome and mtDNA divergence provides insight into the history of click languages ... N, et al., 2007 . History of click speaking populations of Africa inferred from mtDNA and Y ... associated L0d haplogroup were found in high frequencies in the Coloured population of South Africa ... doi 10.1002 elps.200900197 abstract. ref Haplogroup L0f is present in relatively small frequencies in Tanzania , East Africa . Haplogroup L0a is most prevalent in South East African populations ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name Y map Migration map4.png origin date 11,800 to 33,300 YBP origin place ancestor Haplogroup N mtDNA N9 descendants Y1, Y2 mutations 8392 10398 14178 14693 16126 16223 16231 ref name vanOven cite journal title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation journal Human Mutation date 13 Oct 2008 first Mannis last van Oven coauthors Manfred Kayser volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 E394 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 url http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 121449735 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 format accessdate 2009 05 20 pmid 18853457 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup Y is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup . Origin Haplogroup Y is a descendant of Haplogroup N mtDNAhaplogroup N9 . Distribution Haplogroup Y has been found in approximately 66 of Nivkh people Nivkhs and approximately 20 of Ainu people Ainus . ref name Bermisheva2005 M. A. Bermisheva, I. A. Kutuev, V. A. Spitsyn et al., Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA Variation in the Population of Oroks, Russian Journal of Genetics, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2005, pp. 66 71. Translated from Genetika, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2005, pp. 78 84. ref ref name Tanaka2004 cite journal doi 10.1101 gr.2286304 last1 Tanaka first1 Masashi last2 Cabrera first2 Vicente M. last3 Gonz lez first3 Ana M. et al. author separator , last4 Larruga author name separator first4 JM year 2004 last5 Takeyasu first5 T last6 Fuku first6 N last7 Guo first7 LJ last8 Hirose first8 R last9 Fujita first9 Y title Mitochondrial Genome Variation in Eastern Asia and the Peopling ... However, this haplogroup also has been found in approximately 2 of Koreans , ref name Tanaka2004 ... msq300 ref Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup Y subclades is based on the paper ... Genetics mtDNA External links General Ian Logan s http www.ianlogan.co.uk mtDNA.htm Mitochondrial ... Category Human mtDNA haplogroups Y ca Haplogrup mitocondrial hum Y cs Haploskupina Y mtDNA es Haplogrupo ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name I map origin date 20,000 YBP origin place West Asia ancestor Haplogroup N1 mtDNAHaplogroup N1e I descendants I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 mutations 10034 16129 16391 ref name vanOven cite ..., cite journal pages 43 58 doi 10.1353 hub.0.0048 quote Lemkos shared the highest frequency of haplogroup I ever reported and the highest frequency of Haplogroup M mtDNAhaplogroup M in the region ... Iris DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup I Mtdna Category Human mtDNA haplogroups I bioinformatics stub genetics ... mtDNA.pdf format accessdate 2009 05 20 pmid 18853457 ref In human genetics , Haplogroup I is a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup . Origin Its ancestral haplogroup was Haplogroup N1 mtDNA N1 . ref name ianlogan.co.uk http www.ianlogan.co.uk discussion hap N.htm Ian Logan, mtDNA pages Haplogroups N and I ref Its closest relative is N1e. ref name ianlogan.co.uk Haplogroup I is believed ... to Human migration move into Europe. Distribution Haplogroup I is found at very low frequencies ... group of Rusyns in the Carpathian mountains have the highest frequency of haplogroup I 11.3 in Europe ... Kvesi first8 A last9 Klari first9 IM title Frequencies of mtDNA haplogroups in southeastern Europe ... antropologicum volume 28 issue 1 pages 193 8 year 2004 pmid 15636075 ref Haplogroup I has also been ... genetics volume 65 issue Pt 1 pages 63 78 year 2001 pmid 11415523 ref The frequency of haplogroup ... samples, according to the authors Haplogroup I could therefore have been an ancient Southern Scandinavian ... did not deviate from extant Scandinavians, however, haplogroup I was significantly more frequent ... other ancient population samples reported. Haplogroup I could therefore have been an ancient Southern ... of haplogroup I in the present study 2 in modern Scandinavians supports our previous findings of a pronounced frequency of this haplogroup in Viking and Iron Age Danes. . ref cite journal ... 5 pages e2214 ref Outside of Europe, the highest frequencies of mitochondrial haplogroup I observed ... more details
Antonio Torroni et al., Do the Four Clades of the mtDNAHaplogroup L2 Evolve at Different Rates?, American ... Haplogroup L2 Mtdna Category Human mtDNA haplogroups L2 ca Haplogrup mitocondrial hum L2 cs Haploskupina ...Infobox haplogroup name L2 origin date 68,100 111,100 YBP ref name Soares cite journal title Correcting ..., 13590, 16311 , 16390 ref name vanOven members In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup L2 is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup typical of Africa . Its subclade L2a is a somewhat frequent and widespread mtDNA cluster in Africa, as well as in the African ... to have evolved between 87,000 to 107,000 years ago ref Tishkoff et al., Whole mtDNA Genome Sequence ... Villems first5 R pmid 15225159 title MtDNA Profile of West Africa Guineans Towards a Better Understanding ... genographic lan en atlas.html?card mm002 Atlas of the Human Journey Haplogroup L2 The Genographic Proyect, National Geographic. ref Distribution L2 is the most common African haplogroup ... pmc articles PMC385086 ?tool pubmed The Making of the African mtDNA Landscape , American ... title Haplogroup L2 family tree clade Clade label1 Haplogroup L2 1 Clade label1 ... L2c L2 has five main subgroups L2a, L2b, L2c, L2d and L2e. The most common L2 sub group is Haplogroup L2a, both in Africa and the Levant . Haplogroup L2a L2a is widespread in Africa and the most common and widely distributed sub Saharan African Haplogroup and is also somewhat frequent at 19 in the Americas ... Haplogroup L2a, which may have spread East and West along the Sahel Corridor in North Africa after ... name Kivisild Haplogroup L2a also appears in North Africa , with the highest frequency 20 Tuareg .... 1991. Haplogroup L2a1 L2a can be further divided into L2a1, harboring the transition at 16309 Salas ... is in the L2a1 haplogroup. This sequence is observed in West Africa among the Malinke , Wolof people ... 16189 and 16309. However, whereas the majority 26 out of 33 African Americans share Haplogroup ... more details
ancestor Haplogroup H mtDNA H5 36 descendants H5a mutations C456T, T16304C ref name vanOven cite journal ... , Haplogroup H5 is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup descended from Haplogroup H mtDNA . H5 is defined by T16304C in the HVR1 region and 456 in the HVR2 region. ref name Genebase Cite web url http www.genebase.com blog ?p 41 title The mtDNA and its role in Ancestry Part XI mtDNAHaplogroup H author Genebaseteam publisher Genebase Systems accessdate December 24, 2008 ref Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup H5 subclades is drawn from Mannis van ... Uniformity A Pied Cladistic Canvas of mtDNAHaplogroup H in Eurasia, Molecular Biology and Evolution , vol. 21 no. 11 2004 , pp. 2012 2021 U. Roostalu et al, Origin and expansion of haplogroup ... Genetics Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups mtDNA DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup H5 Mtdna Category Human mtDNA haplogroups ...Infobox haplogroup name H5 origin date 11,500 YBP ref name soares cite journal title Correcting for Purifying Selection An Improved Human Mitochondrial Molecular Clock year 2009 url http www.cell.com AJHG ..., while its subclade H5a appears European. ref U. Roostalu et al, Origin and expansion of haplogroup ..., Molecular Biology and Evolution , vol. 24, no. 2 2007 , pp. 436 448 ref However samples of mtDNA ... Lu sa Pereira, Martin Richards, Ana Goios, et al., High resolution mtDNA evidence for the late .... ref H5 is most frequent in the Caucasus, forming over 20 of the haplogroup H gene pool in Karatchaians ... 191 Anita Brandst tter et al, Timing and deciphering mitochondrial DNA macro haplogroup R0 variability ... s disease AD and mtDNA genotypes shows evidence for subhaplogroup H5 as a risk factor for late onset AD. ref Santoro A, Balbi V, Balducci E, Pirazzini C, Rosini F, et al. 2010 Evidence for Sub Haplogroup ... Features of the Internal Variation within Mitochondrial DNA Macro Haplogroup R0, PLoS ... more details
Haplogroup M mtDNA M4 45 descendants M30a, M30b, M30c, M30d, M30e mutations 195A, 15431A, 12007A In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup M30 is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup . Origin Haplogroup M30 coding region 195A 514dCA 12007 15431 is a South Asian ref Yonsei University, Korea. The mtDNAHaplogroup Specific Control Region Mutation Motifs http ...Infobox haplogroup name M30 origin date 14,600 to 30,200 YBP ref name soares cite journal pages 740 59 ... Haplogroup M30 used to be a part of M4 haplogroup distinguished by G15431A. ref Ian Logan, 2008 http www.ianlogan.co.uk discussion hap M4.htm full ref Haplogroup M30 shares a common coding region mutation 12007 together with the M4, M18, M37 and M38 haplogroups from the root of Haplogroup M mtDNAhaplogroup M superhaplogroup M4 30 . ref name pmid16776823 ref name pmid16361303 cite journal pages 683 90 doi 10.1093 molbev msj078 title The Dazzling Array of Basal Branches in the mtDNA Macrohaplogroup ... Africa , followed by a long period of isolation. ref name pmid16776823 Haplogroup M30 was identified ... identified Haplogroup M18 was collapsed to reside in M30 as a sub lineage. ref name pmid16361303 ... In 2006, Sahoo and Kashyap reported haplogroup M30 in Oriya Brahmin s, Karan Karanam s, Khandayat s, Gope ... pmid19417557 Rajkumar, et al. put forward the estimated coalescence time of haplogroup M30 to be 15,400 ... ref Six of the Arabia s haplogroup M lineages were noted to have come from India, one of which ... Society year 1981 doi 10.2307 1006352 ref ref name Winters2008 M30 haplogroup has been detected in Palestinians ... of the sub Saharan, West Eurasian, and South Asian mtDNA lineages in Yemen year 2008 last1 ern first1 ... has also been detected in the maternal lineages of China . ref name pmid16361303 To sum up, M30 haplogroup ... Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup subclades is based on the Van Oven 2008 tree ref ... genetics Population Genetics Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups mtDNA References reflist ... more details
Asia ancestor Haplogroup N mtDNA N1a e I descendants N1a1 mutations 152, 669, 2702, 5315, 8901, 16147G ... 2009 pmid 18853457 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup N1a is a mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup . Origin N1a originated in the Near East ref cite journal first1 ...Infobox haplogroup name N1a map N1a Phylotree.jpg origin date 12,000 32,000 YBP ref name Palanichamy cite journal first1 Malliya Gounder last1 Palanichamy first2 Cai Ling last2 Zhang first3 Bikash last3 ... first7 Ya Ping last7 Zhang date 12 October 2010 title Mitochondrial haplogroup N1a phylogeography ... mtDNA Pool journal American Journal of Human Genetics issn 0002 9297 volume 67 issue 5 pages 1251 ...?id x6o4XLIKN0UC isbn 978 90 481 2719 1 ref Exact origins and migration patterns of this haplogroup .... Seven of the 42 specimens were found to be members of haplogroup N1a ref name Haak 1 cite journal ... members of Haplogroup U , which was not found in any of the Linear Pottery Culture sites. Conversely ... influx of people from outside the region. ref name Haak 2 However, they note that haplogroup ... Linear Pottery Culture sites were found to be members of the N1a haplogroup see Debate on Origin ... Hofreiter editor1 first Michael ref Distribution Haplogroup N1a is widely distributed throughout ... analysis revealed that the haplogroup was most common in the center of the country. Haplotype diversity ... , 0.3 in Iran , and 0.2 in Turkey . ref name Abu Amero 2 Europe N1a is a rare haplogroup that currently ... of 0.37 . Only 0.11 of individuals analyzed in Scotland were members of the haplogroup. ref cite ..., but the haplogroup was only identified in Semitic speakers. ref name Kivisild In Egypt, 0.8 of the population ... pmid 19934476 ref Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup N1a subclades is based on the paper ... DNA haplogroups MtDNA References Reflist 2 External links Mannis van Oven s http www.phylotree.org ... Mitochondrial DNA Site Category Human mtDNA haplogroups N1a ru N1a ... more details
L3 , L03 , L.3 or L 3 may refer to Technology L3 CERN , one of the four detectors of the Large Electron Positron Collider L3 microkernel , an Intel microkernel and the predecessor of the L4 microkernel family L 3 a L carrier cable system developed by At&T The Level 3 CPU cache in a computer The third Lagrangian point Lagrange Point in a Solar System The third lumbar vertebra of the vertebral column, in human anatomy Other L3 33 and L3 35 , Italian tankettes used in World War II L 3 Communications , a company providing intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance systems L 3 Flight International Aviation , an airline based in Newport News, Virginia, USA L 3 Network Security , a network security company in the United States ATC code L03 Immunostimulants , a subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System Aeronca L 3 Grasshopper, a light airplane used by the USAAF during World War II Avia L.3 , an Italian aircraft production 1935 to 1945 Italian plane used for training by the Regia Aeronautica HaplogroupL3mtDNA , a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup generally found in East Africa Macchi L.3 , a 1916 Italian biplane flying boats N1 L3 , a Soviet space program Soviet submarine L 3 , a 1931 Leninets class minelayer submarine Soyuz 7K L3 , a manned lunar lander design type in Russia s Soyuz space program SP&S Class L 3 , a 1883 steam locomotives class L sup 3 sup length 3 , volume . L3 the IATA code for DHL De Guatemala , a cargo airline based in Guatemala L3 the IATA code for LTU Austria , an airline based in Austria L03 a Chevrolet Small Block engine model Latitude Longitude Locator, an STS 32 Space Shuttle mission experiment Live, Loud & Local , a show launched by band The Matches in the Oakland, California region Leprechaun 3 , film L3, a third ... spectrum Letter NumberCombDisambig de L3 es L3 fr L3 ko L3 it L3 nl L3 ja L3 ru L3 ... more details
Haplogroup L may refer to Haplogroup L Y DNA , a human Y chromosome Y DNA haplogroup Macro haplogroup L mtDNA , a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA macrohaplogroup that is at the root of the human mitochondrial phylogenetic tree. Its subclades are Haplogroup L0 mtDNA , a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroupHaplogroup L1 mtDNA , a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroupHaplogroup L2 mtDNA , a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroupHaplogroupL3mtDNA , a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroupHaplogroup L4 mtDNA , a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroupHaplogroup L5 mtDNA , a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroupHaplogroup L6 mtDNA , a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroupHaplogroup L7, a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroup now Haplogroup L4a mtDNA Haplogroups Disambig de Haplogruppe L ... more details
Haplogroup S may refer to Haplogroup S mtDNA , a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroupHaplogroup S Y DNA , a human Y chromosome Y DNA haplogroup Haplogroups Disambig de Haplogruppe S ... more details
Haplogroup T may refer to Haplogroup T mtDNA , a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroupHaplogroup T Y DNA , a human Y chromosome Y DNA haplogroup Haplogroups Disambig de Haplogruppe T ... more details
Haplogroup A may refer to Haplogroup A mtDNA , a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroupHaplogroup A Y DNA , a human Y chromosome Y DNA haplogroup Haplogroups Disambig ca Haplogrup A cs Haploskupina A de Haplogruppe A ... more details
DNA mtDNA haplogroups are lettered Haplogroup A mtDNA A , Haplogroup B mtDNA B , Haplogroup C mtDNA C , Haplogroup CZ mtDNA CZ , Haplogroup D mtDNA D , Haplogroup E mtDNA E , Haplogroup F mtDNA F , Haplogroup G mtDNA G , Haplogroup H mtDNA H , Haplogroup HV mtDNA HV , Haplogroup I mtDNA I , Haplogroup J mtDNA J , Haplogroup pre JT mtDNA small pre small JT , Haplogroup JT mtDNA JT , Haplogroup K mtDNA K , Haplogroup L0 mtDNA L0 , Haplogroup L1 mtDNA L1 , Haplogroup L2 mtDNA L2 , HaplogroupL3mtDNAL3 , Haplogroup L4 mtDNA L4 , Haplogroup L5 mtDNA L5 , Haplogroup L6 mtDNA L6 , Haplogroup M mtDNA M , Haplogroup N mtDNA N , Haplogroup P mtDNA P , Haplogroup Q mtDNA Q , Haplogroup R mtDNA R , Haplogroup R0 mtDNA R0 , Haplogroup S mtDNA S , Haplogroup T mtDNA T , Haplogroup U mtDNA U , Haplogroup V mtDNA V , Haplogroup W mtDNA W , Haplogroup X mtDNA X , Haplogroup Y mtDNA Y , and Haplogroup ..., the following are common divisions for mtDNA haplogroups African Haplogroup L0 mtDNA L0 , Haplogroup L1 mtDNA L1 , Haplogroup L2 mtDNA L2 , HaplogroupL3mtDNAL3 , Haplogroup L4 mtDNA L4 , Haplogroup L5 mtDNA L5 , Haplogroup L6 mtDNA L6 West Eurasian Haplogroup H mtDNA H , Haplogroup T mtDNA T , Haplogroup U mtDNA U , Haplogroup V mtDNA V , Haplogroup X mtDNA X , Haplogroup K mtDNA K , Haplogroup I mtDNA I , Haplogroup J mtDNA J , Haplogroup W mtDNA W all listed West Eurasian haplogroups are derived from macro haplogroupHaplogroup N mtDNA N ref Loogvali et al., 2004 ref East Eurasian Haplogroup A mtDNA A , Haplogroup B mtDNA B , Haplogroup C mtDNA C , Haplogroup D mtDNA D , Haplogroup E mtDNA E , Haplogroup F mtDNA F , Haplogroup G mtDNA G , haplogroup Y mtDNA Y note C, D, E, and G belong to macro haplogroupHaplogroup M mtDNA M Native American Haplogroup A mtDNA A , Haplogroup B mtDNA B , Haplogroup C mtDNA C , Haplogroup D mtDNA D , Haplogroup X mtDNA X Australasia Australo Melanesian Haplogroup P mtDNA P , Haplogroup Q mtDNA Q , Haplogroup S mtDNA S The mitochondrial haplogroups ... more details
L3 is a microkernel running on Intel s x86 computers. L3 is designed to be very lean and features fast, message based, synchronous IPC, simple to use external paging mechanisms and a security mechanism based on secure domains tasks, clans and chiefs . It is the predecessor of L4 microkernel family L4 , another microkernel with similar design goals. L3 is also the name of a full operating system based on the L3 microkernel. Both were developed by Jochen Liedtke and his team at GMD s SET institute in 1988. See also L4 microkernel family External links http os.inf.tu dresden.de L4 l3.html Official website operating system stub Category Microkernels de L3 Betriebssystem pl L3 mikroj dro zh L3 ... more details
Haplogroup R may refer to Haplogroup R mtDNA , a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNAhaplogroupHaplogroup R Y DNA , a human Y chromosome Y DNA haplogroup Haplogroups See also The Haplogroup R Y DNA Y DNA haplogroup R has many subclade s Clade label1 Haplogroup R Y DNA Haplogroup R 1 Clade label1 Haplogroup R1 1 Clade label1 Haplogroup R1a 1 Clade 1 Haplogroup R1a1 Y DNA Haplogroup R1a1 2 Haplogroup R1b Y DNA Haplogroup R1b 2 Haplogroup R2 Y DNA Haplogroup R2 Disambig ca Haplogrup R cs Haploskupina R de Haplogruppe R it Aplogruppo R ru R ... more details
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