Taxobox name HepatitisD image image width image caption virus group v ordo Unassigned familia Unassigned genus Deltavirus species Hepatitis delta virus Infobox disease Name HepatitisD Image Caption DiseasesDB ... eMedicineTopic MeshID D003699 HepatitisD , also referred to as hepatitisD virus HDV and classified as Hepatitis delta virus , is a disease caused by a small circular enveloped RNA virus . It is one of five known hepatitis viruses hepatitis A A , hepatitis B B , hepatitis C C , D, and hepatitis ... M last5 Zagni first5 I last6 Realdi first6 G last7 Schalm first7 SW ref In combination with hepatitis B virus, hepatitisD has the highest mortality rate of all the hepatitis infections of 20 . Virology History HepatitisD virus was first reported in the mid 1977, by an Italian researcher, Mario Rizzetto ..., circular RNA of 1679 nucleotides and about 200 molecules of hepatitisD antigen HDAg for each genome ... 9687364 doi 10.1016 S0969 2126 98 00084 7 ref The hepatitisD circular genome is unique to animal viruses ... of hepatitisD are similar to those for hepatitis B. Infection is largely restricted to persons ... index.html Fact sheet on HepatitisD http www.expasy.org viralzone all by species 175.html Viralzone ... diseases InterPro content IPR002506 Category Protein families Category HepatitisD Category RNA viruses ar ca HepatitisD de HepatitisD dv es HepatitisD fa ... w troby typu D pt Hepatite D ru D sl HepatitisD zh ... in the presence of the hepatitis B hepatitis B virus HBV . ref cite journal author Makino S title Molecular cloning and sequencing of a human hepatitis delta delta virus RNA journal Nature volume 329 ... either via simultaneous infection with HBV coinfection or superimposed on chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis ... Fattovich G title Influence of hepatitis delta virus infection on morbidity and mortality in compensated ... antibody system delta anti delta associated to hepatitis B virus in liver and in serum of HBsAg carriers ... more details
B in China Hepatitis C HepatitisDHepatitis E Hepatitis F Hepatitis G Maurice Hilleman References ...Infobox disease Name Hepatitis A ICD10 ICD10 B 15 b 15 ICD9 ICD9 070.0 , ICD9 070.1 DiseasesDB 5757 MedlinePlus ... Hepatitis A formerly known as infectious hepatitis and epidemical virus is an Acute medical acute infectious disease of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus Hep A , ref name Sherris cite book ... BP title Hepatitis A in the era of vaccination journal Epidemiol Rev volume 28 pages 101 11 year ... cite journal author Connor BA title Hepatitis A vaccine in the last minute traveler journal ... Changing travel related global epidemiology of hepatitis A journal Am. J. Med. volume 118 issue Suppl ... Jacobsen KH, Koopman JS title The effects of socioeconomic development on worldwide hepatitis A virus ... 15831565 ref Hepatitis A infection causes no clinical signs and symptoms in over 90 of infected children ... a relapse of symptoms during the 6 months after acute illness. Acute liver failure from Hepatitis ... to age, with 80 of adults having symptoms compatible with acute viral hepatitis and the majority ... doi 10.1016 S0264 410X 99 00470 3 author Ciocca M. title Clinical course and consequences of hepatitis ... can be prevented by vaccination , and hepatitis A vaccine has been proven effective in controlling outbreaks worldwide. ref name pmid16271543 Signs and symptoms Early symptoms of hepatitis A infection ... cite web title Hepatitis A Symptoms publisher eMedicineHealth url http www.emedicinehealth.com hepatitis a page3 em.htm Hepatitis 20A 20Symptoms date 2007 05 17 accessdate 2007 05 18 ref Symptoms ... title Hepatitis A Information for the Public publisher Center for Disease Control url http www.cdc.gov hepatitis A aFAQ.htm date 2009 09 17 accessdate 2011 01 08 ref Fatigue medical Fatigue Fever Abdominal ... Taxobox name Hepatitis A image Hepatitis A virus 02.jpg image caption electron microscope Electron micrograph of hepatitis A virions. image width 185px virus group iv familia Picornaviridae genus ... more details
or interface hepatitis . ref name Gastroenterology1994 These terms have since been deprecate d ... 83 year 1998 pmid 9599932 ref Unassigned family HepatitisD Bacterial Anaplasma ref name Heyman2010 ... Hepatitis B with or without hepatitisD , hepatitis C neither hepatitis A nor hepatitis E causes ...Infobox disease Name Hepatitis Image Alcoholic hepatitis.jpg Caption Alcoholic liver disease Alcoholic hepatitis evident by fatty change, cell necrosis , Mallory bodies ICD10 ICD10 K 75 9 k 70 ICD9 ICD9 573.3 DiseasesDB 20061 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D006505 Hepatitis plural hepatitides ... on its own or can progress to fibrosis scarring and cirrhosis . Hepatitis may occur with limited ... . Hepatitis is acute when it lasts less than six months and chronic when it persists longer. A group of viruses known as the hepatitis viruses cause most cases of hepatitis worldwide, but it can also ... , diarrhea , and headache . More specific symptom s, which can be present in acute hepatitis from ... I title Acute hepatitis journal BMJ volume 322 issue 7279 pages 151 153 year 2001 pmid 11159575 doi 10.1136 bmj.322.7279.151 pmc 1119417 ref Acute viral hepatitis is more likely to be asymptomatic ... Ch. 14 Acute Viral Hepatitis chapterurl http www.gastroresource.com GITextbook en Chapter14 14 4.htm ... with acute hepatitis progress to acute liver failure , in which the liver is unable to clear harmful ... requires a liver transplantation liver transplant . Chronic Chronic hepatitis often leads ... hepatitis ref Extensive damage and scarring of liver i.e. cirrhosis leads to weight loss, easy ... hepatitis . ref name MerckHome Pathology The liver, like all organs, responds to injury ... performed for acute hepatitis and because of this the histology of chronic hepatitis is better known than that of acute hepatitis. Acute In acute hepatitis the lesions areas of abnormal tissue predominantly ... hepatitis there is widespread hepatocellular necrosis beginning in the hepatic lobule centrizonal distribution ... more details
hepatitis , these viruses are not all related. class wikitable Hepatitis viruses Hepatitis A virus HAV Hepatitis B virus HBV Hepatitis C virus HCV HepatitisD HDV Hepatitis E virus HEV Transmission ... C Information For the Health Professional accessdate 2010 01 14 ref HepatitisD main HepatitisD The HepatitisD virus HDV or hepatitis delta agent is similar to a viroid as it can only propagate ...Infobox disease Name Viral hepatitis Image Ground glass hepatocytes high mag cropped 2.jpg Caption Micrograph showing ground glass hepatocytes , which are seen in Chronic medicine chronic hepatitis B infections a type of viral hepatitis , and represent accumulations of virus viral antigen in the endoplasmic ... OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D006525 Viral hepatitis is Hepatitis liver inflammation ... or chronic forms. The most common causes of viral hepatitis are the five unrelated hepatotropic viruses Hepatitis A , Hepatitis B , Hepatitis C , HepatitisD , and Hepatitis E . In addition to the hepatitis viruses, other viruses that can also cause hepatitis include Herpes simplex , Cytomegalovirus , Epstein Barr virus , or Yellow fever though the term viral hepatitis does not include aforementioned virus except Hepatitis viruses A to E. A virus previously called Hepatitis G virus is now classified as GB virus C because it does not appear to cause hepatitis. Hepatitis viruses Hepatitis caused ... No Yes uncommon Yes common Yes with hepatitis B No Hepatitis A main Hepatitis A Hepatitis A or infectious jaundice is caused by hepatitis A virus HAV , a picornavirus transmitted by the fecal oral route often associated with ingestion of contaminated food . It causes an acute form of hepatitis and does ... Immunity medical immunity against future infection. People with hepatitis A are advised to rest, stay .... Hepatitis A can be spread through personal contact, consumption of raw sea food or drinking contaminated ... CDC Hepatitis A FAQ url http www.cdc.gov ncidod diseases hepatitis a faqa.htm general accessdate 2008 ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 refimprove date April 2008 Hepatitis X , also known as the Lost Hepatitis is an acute infectious disease of the liver caused by hepatitis virus, which is most commonly transmitted by the fecal oral route via contaminated food or drinking water. In the United States, approximately 10 people per year are infected with the virus, primarily in the Mid Atlantic region. The time between infection and the appearance of the symptoms, the incubation period , is roughly one week. Often the virus will show itself, but later the patient will lose all symptoms. Roughly one week later the virus will show itself again stronger and more dangerously. ref http www.reference.com ref Some cases of viral hepatitis cannot be ascribed to hepatitis A , hepatitis B B , hepatitis C C , hepatitisDD , or hepatitis E E , so they are called non A...E hepatitis, or hepatitis X. During the diagnostic process for hepatitis X, the possible alternative diagnoses should be considered hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E, and CMV Cytomegalovirus . Early symptoms of hepatitis X infection can be mistaken ... of the abdomen Weight loss Diagnosis and results Hepatitis X often goes undiagnosed by doctors due to the difficulty ... http www.reference.com ref Complications The distinction between complications of hepatitis X and symptoms of hepatitis X is often obscure. While jaundice yellow discoloration of the skin or whites of the eyes due to an increase of bile pigments in the blood , is a symptom of hepatitis, it is also ..., and CSF xanthochromia. Liver disease is another fatal complication of hepatitis X. This could potentially .... ref http www.wrongdiagnosis.com h hepatitis x intro.htm ref Treatment There has been no specific drug therapy developed for hepatitis, with the exception of hepatitis C. Patients are advised to rest ... if signs of precoma lethargy, confusion, and mental changes develop. In acute viral hepatitis ... h hepatitis x intro.htm ref References reflist Category Hepatitis ... more details
Infobox disease Name Autoimmune hepatitis Image Autoimmune hepatitis cropped very high mag.jpg Caption Micrograph showing a lymphoplasmacytic interface hepatitis the characteristic histomorphologic finding of autoimmune hepatitis. Liver biopsy . H&E stain . DiseasesDB 1150 ICD10 ICD10 K 75 4 k 70 ICD9 ... Hepatitis is a disease of the liver that occurs when the body s immune system attacks cells of the liver ... hepatitis. This abnormal immune response results in inflammation of the liver, which can lead to further complications, including cirrhosis . ref name urlDigestive Disease Autoimmune Hepatitis ... Autoimmune Hepatitis author National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse accessdate October 9, 2010 , ref Autoimmune hepatitis has an incidence of 1 2 per 100,000 per year, and a prevalence of 10 ... 70 . ref name urlAutoimmune Hepatitis cite web url http www.cumc.columbia.edu dept gi autoimmune.html title Autoimmune Hepatitis work accessdate ref Liver enzyme s are elevated, as may be bilirubin . Classification ... IR, Vergani D title Autoimmune liver serology Current diagnostic and clinical challenges journal ... ref name urlautoimmune hepatitis cite web url http www.meddean.luc.edu Lumen MedEd orfpath autoimmune 20hepatitis.htm title autoimmune hepatitis work accessdate ref this group behaves like group 1 ref ... diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis is best achieved with a combination of clinical trial clinical , laboratory ... hepatitis always requires a liver biopsy . In complex cases, a ICU scoring systems can be used to help determine if a patient has autoimmune hepatitis, which combines clinical and laboratory features ... al. title International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group Report review of criteria for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis journal J. Hepatol. volume 31 issue 5 pages 929 38 year 1999 month November pmid 10580593 ... accessdate 2008 05 09 ref ref name urlAutoimmune Hepatitis Calculator cite web url http homepage.mac.com sholland contrivances aihcalc.html title Autoimmune Hepatitis Calculator work accessdate 2008 ... more details
genome. HEV has a fecal oral transmission route. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses hepatitis A A , hepatitis B B , hepatitis C C , hepatitisDD , and E. Infection with this virus was first ... in solid organ transplanted patients Hepatitis E may cause a chronic infection. ref name Bonnet2012 Bonnet D, Kamar N, Izopet J, Alric L 2012 Hepatitis E An emerging disease. Rev Med Interne ref ...Infobox disease Name Hepatitis E Image Hepatitis E virus.jpg Caption Hepatitis E virus ICD10 ICD10 B ... Hepatitis E is a viral hepatitis liver inflammation caused by infection with a virus called hepatitis ... HF title The histopathology of viral hepatitis as seen in the Delhi epidemic 1955 56 journal Indian ... cite journal author Guu TS, Liu Z, Ye Q, et al. title Structure of the hepatitis E virus .... ref name Purdy2010 Purdy MA, Khudyakov YE 2010 Evolutionary history and population dynamics of hepatitis ... L, Li C, Hagedorn CH 2006 Phylogenetic analysis of global hepatitis E virus sequences genetic diversity ... responsible for sporadic cases of hepatitis E in both developing and industrialized countries. Clinical features The incidence of hepatitis E is highest in juveniles and adults between the ages of 15 .... Mortality rates are generally low, for hepatitis E is a self limiting disease, in that it usually ..., and obtain food. Hepatitis E occasionally develops into an acute, severe liver disease, and is fatal in about 2 of all cases. Medicine Clinically , it is comparable to hepatitis A , but in pregnant ... Alert and Response GAR Hepatitis E url http www.who.int csr disease hepatitis whocdscsredc200112 ... Y, Yasunaka T, et al. title Acute hepatitis due to hepatitis E virus genotype 1 as an imported infectious ... Hepatitis E is prevalent in most developing countries , and common in any country with a hot ... transmission is uncommon. Outbreaks of epidemic hepatitis E most commonly occur after heavy rainfalls ... as a reservoir Domestic animals have been reported as a reservoir for the hepatitis E virus ... more details
T coauthors Malcolm, JK, Raina, D, Schade, RR title Hepatitis C diagnosis and treatment journal American ...Infobox disease Name Hepatitis C Image HCV EM picture 2.png Caption Electron micrograph of hepatitis ... med eMedicineTopic 993 eMedicine mult EMedicine2 ped 979 MeshID D006526 Hepatitis C is an infectious disease affecting primarily the liver , caused by the hepatitis C virus HCV . ref name Sherris ... 130 170 million people worldwide are infected with hepatitis C. The existence of hepatitis C originally non A non B hepatitis was postulated in the 1970s and proven in 1989. ref name pmid19781804 cite journal author Houghton M title The long and winding road leading to the identification of the hepatitis ... require a liver transplant . Hepatitis C is the leading cause of liver transplantation though the virus usually recurs after transplantation. ref name NEJM2011 No vaccine against hepatitis C is currently available. TOC limit 3 Signs and symptoms Acute infection Hepatitis C infection causes acute ... Acute hepatitis C journal Lancet date 2008 07 26 volume 372 issue 9635 pages 321 32 pmid 18657711 ... infection are not associated with jaundice . ref name Book2011p4 cite book title Chronic Hepatitis ... of the infection, ref name Book2011 although chronic hepatitis C can be associated with fatigue. ref name ID2010 Hepatitis C after many years becomes the primary cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer . ref name NEJM2011 cite journal last Rosen first HR title Clinical practice. Chronic hepatitis C infection ... common in those co infected with hepatitis B or HIV, alcoholic s, and those of male gender. ref name ..., HK title Alcoholic liver disease and hepatitis C a frequently underestimated combination journal World ... doi 10.3748 wjg.15.3462 pmc 2715970 ref Hepatitis C is the cause of 27 of cirrhosis cases and 25 of hepatocellular ... of hepatitis C virus infection journal World journal of gastroenterology WJG date 2007 05 07 ... Tah2009 cite journal last Ozaras first R coauthors Tahan, V title Acute hepatitis C prevention and treatment ... more details
N, Roche B, Samuel D title Management of the hepatitis B virus in the liver transplantation setting ... that the receptor in the closely related duck hepatitis B virus is carboxypeptidase D . ref name pmid10482623 ... ref HepatitisD HDV can occur only with a concomitant hepatitis B infection, because ... ref Co infection with hepatitisD increases the risk of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer ...Infobox disease Name Hepatitis B ICD10 ICD10 B 16 b 15 , br ICD10 B 18 0 b 15 ICD10 B 18 1 b 15 ICD9 ICD9 070.2 ICD9 070.3 Image Hepatitis B virions.jpg Caption Transmission electron microscopy Electron micrograph of hepatitis B virus DiseasesDB 5765 MedlinePlus 000279 eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 992 eMedicine mult eMedicine2 ped 978 MeshID D006509 OMIM 610424 Hepatitis B is an infectious inflammatory illness of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus HBV that affects hominoidea , including humans. Originally known as serum hepatitis , ref name pmid8769597 Cite doi 10.1001 jama.276.10.841 ... endemic in Hepatitis B in China China . ref name pmid16941687 Cite doi 10.1002 hep.21347 ref About ... Cite web title Hepatitis B url http www.who.int mediacentre factsheets fs204 en index.html publisher ... chronic carriers . ref Cite web title FAQ about Hepatitis B url http liver.stanford.edu Education faq.html ... High levels of hepatitis B virus DNA in body fluids from chronic carriers journal The Journal of Hospital ... j.jhin.2006.06.029 ref However, Hepatitis B viruses cannot be spread by holding hands, sharing eating ... Health Cite web title Hepatitis B url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmedhealth PMH0001324 publisher ... Hepatitis B FAQ Transmission url http www.cdc.gov hepatitis B bFAQ.htm transmission publisher U.S. ... inflammation, vomiting, jaundice and, rarely, death. Chronic hepatitis B may eventually cause cirrhosis ... by Hepatitis B vaccine vaccination . ref name pmid17673066 Cite doi 10.4065 82.8.967 ref Hepatitis ... hepatitis b blood tests.htm ref Signs and symptoms Acute infection with hepatitis B virus is associated ... more details
vaccine target Hepatitis A vaccine type Killed Clinical data tradename Drugs.com drugs.com CDI hepatitis a vaccine MedlinePlus a695003 pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category ... ChemSpiderID NA DrugBank Ref drugbankcite correct drugbank Chemical data Hepatitis A vaccine is a vaccine against the hepatitis A virus. The first successful vaccine against it was invented by Maurice ... J, Fay O, et al. title Hepatitis A booster vaccination is there a need? journal Lancet volume 362 ... Hepatitis A virus which stimulates active immunity against a future infection. ref name Avaxim ... Immunization info cite web title Hepatitis A Vaccine Information work Vaccine Information publisher ... name CDC 2006 cite web title Hepatitis A Vaccine What you need to know work Vaccine Information Statement ... accessdate 2007 03 12 ref Hepatitis A is the most common vaccine preventable virus acquired during travel, ref name CDC Yellow Book cite web title Hepatitis, Viral, Type A work Travelers Health Yellow ... name CDC 2006 ref name NHS 2006 cite web title Hepatitis A Introduction publisher NHS Direct url ... Protection against Hepatitis A begins approximately two to four weeks after the initial vaccination ... L, Hennessy TW, et al title Persistence of antibody to Hepatitis A virus 10 years after vaccination ... Havrix vaccine. This may not be a comprehensive list of all commercial Hepatitis A vaccines available ... test they use to measure Hepatitis A antigen in their products. Avaxim made by Sanofi Pasteur . Inactivated Hepatitis A virus produced in MRC 5 cells. Each dose contains 160 U of antigen adsorbed on aluminium ... of synthetic lipids and influenza proteins in addition to the Hepatitis A antigen. It does not contain ... 2010. ref Havrix made by GlaxoSmithKline . Inactivated Hepatitis A virus produced in MRC 5 cells ... made by Merck . Inactivated Hepatitis A virus produced in MRC 5 cells. An adult dose contains 50 ... Use dmy dates date June 2011 DEFAULTSORT Hepatitis A Vaccine Category Vaccines ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Alcoholic hepatitis Image Mallory body high mag cropped.jpg Caption Micrograph showing a Mallory body , a histopathologic finding associated with alcoholic hepatitis . H&E stain . DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 K 70 1 k 70 ICD9 ICD9 571.1 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus 000281 eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic 101 MeshID D006519 Alcoholic hepatitis is hepatitis inflammation of the Human liver liver due to excessive intake of Alcoholic beverage alcohol . It is usually found in association with hepatosteatosis , an early stage of alcoholic liver disease , and may contribute to the progression of fibrosis, leading to cirrhosis . Symptoms are jaundice , ascites fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity , Fatigue medical fatigue and hepatic encephalopathy Human brain brain dysfunction due to liver failure . Mild cases are self limiting, but severe cases have a high risk of death . Severe cases may be treated with glucocorticoids . Symptoms and signs Alcoholic hepatitis is characterized by a variable constellation of symptoms, which may include feeling unwell, enlargement of the liver, development of fluid in the abdomen ascites , and modest elevation of liver enzyme levels as determined by liver function tests . Alcoholic hepatitis can vary from mild with only liver enzyme elevation to severe ... is 50 within 30 days of onset. Alcoholic hepatitis is distinct from cirrhosis caused by long term alcohol consumption. Alcoholic hepatitis can occur in patients with chronic alcoholic liver disease and alcoholic cirrhosis. Alcoholic hepatitis by itself does not lead to cirrhosis, but cirrhosis is more common in patients with long term alcohol consumption. Some alcoholics develop acute hepatitis ... cite journal author Sorbi D, Boynton J, Lindor KD title The ratio of aspartate aminotransferase ... alcoholic hepatitis a double blind, placebo controlled trial journal Gastroenterology volume 119 issue ... 2 Gastroenterology alcohealth DEFAULTSORT Alcoholic Hepatitis Category Hepatitis Category Inflammations ... more details
Mergeto Autoimmune hepatitis date October 2011 Orphan date November 2006 Refimprove date September 2011 Lupoid hepatitis also called autoimmune hepatitis is an auto immune disease which causes liver cirrhosis ... s. 60 of patients have chronic hepatitis that may mimic viral hepatitis, but without serology serologic ... with anti smooth muscle auto antibody antibodies . Autoimmune hepatitis is a condition in which the patient ... is chronic and progressive. Although the disease is chronic, many patients with autoimmune hepatitis ..., a picture that resembles acute hepatitis. Autoimmune hepatitis usually occurs in women 70 between the ages of 15 and 40. Although the term lupoid hepatitis was originally used to describe this disease, patients with systemic lupus erythematosus do not have an increased incidence of autoimmune hepatitis ... to severe hepatitis with elevated serum ALT and AST activities in the setting of normal to marginally ... hepatitis journal New England Journal of Medicine volume 334 pages 897 903 doi 10.1056 NEJM199604043341406 pmid 8596574 issue 14 ref Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the liver ... ruled out. Autoimmune hepatitis was previously called lupoid hepatitis. It was originally described ... erythematosis. Thus, its name was previously lupoid hepatitis. Because the disease has multiple different forms, and is not always associated with systemic lupus erythematosis, lupoid hepatitis is no longer used. The current name at present is autoimmune hepatitis IAH . Diagnosis Patients who have chronic elevations in liver function tests for greater than 6 months are thought to have chronic hepatitis ... 1 antitrypsin deficiency, Hepatitis B and C and drug induced hepatitis have been ruled out, a possible .... Evaluation for these types of autoimmune hepatitis is obtained through simple blood tests. Based upon .... Treatment Not all patients with autoimmune hepatitis require treatment. However, when they have .... In general, patients do quite well with autoimmune hepatitis. Treatment is usually required ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Refimprove date January 2009 Italic title Hepatitis Monthly is a medical journal published by the Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Tehran , Iran . It is the official journal of this center and of the Iran Hepatitis Network . It was established in 2002 by Seyed Moayed Alavian, who is the journal s editor in chief . ref http hepmon.com page ?id 4 Hepatitis Monthly Homepage ref Abstracting and indexing According to the Journal Citation Reports , the journal s 2009 impact factor is 0.716. In addition, the journal is abstracted and indexed in Science Citation Index Science Citation Index Expanded , Scopus , EMBASE , Index Medicus , and CAB International CABI . References references External links Official http www.hepmon.com http www.hep.ir Iran Hepatitis Network http www.brcgl.ir Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Category Publications established in 2002 Category Gastroenterology and hepatology journals ... more details
refimprove date December 2007 Ischemic hepatitis also known as shock liver is a condition of decreased blood supply to the liver resulting in injury to liver cells hepatocyte s , which occurs in a diffuse fashion. The decreased blood flow perfusion to the liver is usually due to shock or low blood pressure. However, local causes involving the hepatic artery that supplies oxygen to the liver, such as sickle cell anemia sickle cell crisis and thrombosis of the hepatic artery, can also cause ischemic hepatitis. Patients with ischemic hepatitis are usually very ill. Diagnosis and presentation Blood testing usually shows high levels of the liver function tests liver transaminase enzymes, AST and ALT, which may exceed 1000 U L. ref name pmid19473435 cite journal author Raurich JM, P rez O, Llompart Pou JA, Ib ez J, Ayestar n I, P rez B rcena J title Incidence and outcome of ischemic hepatitis complicating septic shock journal Hepatol. Res. volume 39 issue 7 pages 700 5 year 2009 month July pmid 19473435 doi 10.1111 j.1872 034X.2009.00501.x url http www3.interscience.wiley.com resolve openurl?genre article&sid nlm pubmed&issn 1386 6346&date 2009&volume 39&issue 7&spage 700 ref Normal limits for ALT is usually 63 U L, depending on the lab. These increased lab values are due to the injured hepatocytes leaking out these enzymes into the blood stream. People who develop ischemic hepatitis may have pain in the right upper part of the abdomen, but they usually feel more unwell because of the serious reason that they developed the ischemia, than due to the ischemic hepatitis itself. Jaundice can occur, but is rare and transient, as is actual loss of function of the liver. Related conditions Ischemic hepatitis is related to another condition called nutmeg liver congestive hepatopathy or nutmeg liver, which is a backflow condition due to poor drainage of the liver, usually due to heart failure. As a result, the two entities can co exist. See also Elevated transaminases References reflist ... more details
Infobox Holiday holiday name World Hepatitis Day type international longtype image WHD Globe.jpg image size caption The World Hepatitis Day logo is the global symbol for encouraging better awareness, action, and support to prevent and treat viral hepatitis. official name nickname observedby date 28 July celebrations relatedto World Hepatitis Day , observed on July 28 every year, aims to raise global awareness of hepatitis B and hepatitis C and encourage prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Approximately 500 million people worldwide are living with either hepatitis B or hepatitis C. ref http www.elpa ... http www.aminumber12.org World Hepatitis Day Am I Number 12? campaign . If left untreated and unmanaged, hepatitis B or C can lead to advanced liver scarring cirrhosis and other complications, including liver cancer or liver failure . While many people worry more about contracting AIDS than Hepatitis, the reality is that every year 1.5 million people worldwide die from either hepatitis B or C faster than they would from HIV AIDS. ref name url cite press release title World Hepatitis Alliance Calls on Governments to Take Urgent Action to Tackle Chronic Viral Hepatitis B & C Epidemic 2008 url http www.aminumber12.org Content PDF news 0004.pdf work World Hepatitis Day Home Page publisher World Hepatitis Alliance accessdate 2008 08 18 ref World Hepatitis Day has been led by the http www.worldhepatitisalliance.org World Hepatitis Alliance since 2007 and on May 2010, it got global endorsement ... B126 R16 en.pdf ref History The inaugural International Hepatitis C Awareness day, coordinated by various ... cgi release?id 131262 ref however many patient groups continued to mark hepatitis day on disparate ... Asia Africa Intelligence Wire title Roche Pakistan to sponsor Hepatitis C awareness campaign date 2004 10 21 ref In 2007 the http www.worldhepatitisalliance.org World Hepatitis Alliance was formed to unite worldwide hepatitis B and hepatitis C patient groups and bring more public and political 4 attention ... more details
as a cause for infectious hepatitis. ref name Bowden 2001 ref name Kelly 2002 cite journal author Kelly, D. Skidmore, S. title Hepatitis C Z recent advances journal Arch. Dis. Child. year 2002 pages ...Hepatitis F is a hypothetical virus linked to hepatitis . Several hepatitis F candidates emerged in the 1990s none of these reports have been substantiated. ref cite journal author Uchida, T. title Genetic Variations of the Hepatitis B Virus and Their Clinical Relevance journal Microbiol. Immunol. year 1993 pages 425 39 volume 37 issue 6 pmid 7694049 ref ref cite journal author Fagan, E. A. title Acute Liver Failure of Unknown Pathogenesis The Hidden Agenda journal Hepatology year 1994 pages 1307 12 volume 19 issue 5 pmid 8175156 doi 10.1002 hep.1840190532 ref ref name Bowden 2001 cite journal author Bowden, S. title New Hepatitis Viruses Contenders and Pretenders journal J Gastroenterol. Hepatol. year 2001 pages 124 31 volume 16 issue 2 pmid 11207890 doi 10.1046 j.1440 1746.2001.02405.x ref In 1994, Deka et al. reported that novel viral particles had been discovered in the stool of post transfusion, non hepatitis A , non hepatitis B , non hepatitis C , non hepatitis E patients. ref name Deka 1994 cite journal author Deka N, Sharma MD, Mukerjee R title Isolation of the novel agent from human stool samples that is associated with sporadic non A, non B hepatitis journal J. Virol. year 1994 pages 7810 5 volume 68 issue 12 pmid 7966570 pmc 237242 ref Injection of these particles into the bloodstream of Indian rhesus monkey s caused hepatitis, and the virus was named hepatitis F or Toga ... virus thought to cause hepatitis was named Hepatitis G virus, though its role in hepatitis has ..., S. Roudot Thoraval, F. title Hepatitis G Virus A Suitable Marker of in vivo Efficacy for Pathogen ... 10.1111 j.1423 0410.2008.01050.x url ref References Reflist 2 Category Hepatitis F dv es Hepatitis F fr H patite F ja F zh ... more details
Hepatitis associated lichen planus is a skin condition that has been associated with three liver conditions hepatitis C viral infection, hepatitis B immunization, and primary biliary cirrhosis. ref name Andrews cite book author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 220 See also Lichen planus Skin lesion References reflist Cutaneous condition stub Category Lichenoid eruptions ... more details
Drugbox Verifiedfields changed verifiedrevid 447912967 image drug name Hepatitis B vaccine Vacine data type vaccine target Hepatitis B vaccine type subunit Clinical data tradename Drugs.com drugs.com monograph hepatitis b vaccine MedlinePlus a607014 pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D ... ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite changed chemspider ChemSpiderID NA Chemical data Hepatitis B vaccine is a vaccine developed for the prevention of hepatitis B hepatitis B virus infection . The vaccine contains one of the viral envelope proteins , hepatitis B surface antigen HBsAg . It is produced ... recombivax drug.htm title Hepatitis B Vaccine from Merck accessdate 2010 05 09 ref A course ... hepb vaccine information.htm title Hepatitis B Vaccine date 2009 01 31 publisher Hepatitis B ... and immune system memory then provide immunity to hepatitis B infection. ref Cite web url http www.cdc.gov hepatitis index.htm title CDC Viral Hepatitis date 2009 07 24 publisher Centers for Disease ... where it is grown, harvested, and purified. HBV infection cannot occur from receiving hepatitis ... by virologist Alfred Prince, in 1968 that the Australia antigen was part of a virus that caused hepatitis ... still in use today. Recommended populations Babies born to mothers were vaccinated with hepatitis B surface antigen HBsAg and injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin HBIG . ref name pmid16371945 Cite pmid 16371945 ref Many countries now routinely vaccinate infants against hepatitis B. In countries with high rates of hepatitis B infection, vaccination of newborns has not only reduced ... where the implementation of a nationwide hepatitis B vaccination program in 1984 was associated ... doi 10.1056 NEJM199706263362602 ref In many areas, vaccination against hepatitis B is also required ... edition 3rd chapter Chapter 12 Immunisation of healthcare and laboratory staff Hepatitis B chapterurl ... recommendations for vaccination against hepatitis B among patients with diabetes mellitus . ref name ... more details
M, Fossi E, d Alessio G, Kondili LA, Rapicetta M, Mele A 2000 Hepatitis C virus infection and alanine ... Halfon P, Khiri H, Feryn JM, Sayada C, Chanas M, Ouzan D 1999 Prospective virological follow up of hepatitis ... and viremia of hepatitis B, C, and D viruses among apparently healthy populations in Mongolia. Clin ... of infection with hepatitis C virus in recipients of anti D immunoglobulin. Lancet 345 8959 ... W, Karayal in S, Yurdaydin C, Uzunalimo lu O 2004 Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B, C and D ... A, Basak S, Saranath D 2009 Prevalence and geographic distribution of Hepatitis C Virus genotypes in Indian ... C, Stuyver L, Duval J, Dhumeaux D 1995 Relationship between hepatitis C virus genotypes and sources ... name Xu1994 Xu LZ, Larzul D, Delaporte E, Br chot C, Kremsdorf D 1994 Hepatitis C virus genotype ... F, Labb AC, Pouillot R, Mb lesso P, Mbadingai S, Rousset D, P pin J 2009 Predominance of hepatitis ... 2004 Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B, C and D viruses in Turkish patients. Arch Virol 149 11 2115 ... Narahari2009 Narahari S, Juwle A, Basak S, Saranath D 2009 Prevalence and geographic distribution of Hepatitis ... D 2009 Prevalence and geographic distribution of Hepatitis C Virus genotypes in Indian patient ...Taxobox name Hepatitis C virus image HCV EM picture 2.png image width 250px image caption Electron micrograph of hepatitis C virus purified from cell culture. Scale black bar 50 nanometre s virus group iv familia Flaviviridae genus Hepacivirus species Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis C virus HCV ... sense positive sense single stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae . Hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis C in humans. It has been estimated that this virus accounts for 25 of cirrhosis ... surveillance and control of hepatitis C. Report of a WHO Consultation organized in collaboration with the Viral Hepatitis Prevention Board, Antwerp, Belgium. J Viral Hepat 6 1 35 47 ref In the United ... Alter MJ, Kruszon Moran D, Nainan OV, McQuillan GM, Gao F, Moyer LA, Kaslow RA, Margolis HS 1999 ... more details
Drugbox Verifiedfields changed verifiedrevid 450879755 image drug name Hepatitis B immune globulin Clinical data tradename Drugs.com drugs.com monograph hepatitis b immune globulin pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US c A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL, P, POM, CD, or Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration intramuscular injection Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite changed chemspider ChemSpiderID NA CAS number Ref cascite correct ?? CAS number ATC prefix J06 ATC suffix BB04 PubChem DrugBank Ref drugbankcite correct drugbank DrugBank Chemical data Hepatitis B immune globulin HBIG is a human immune globulin that is used to prevent the development of hepatitis B . Preparation HBIG is prepared from the blood plasma plasma of blood donor donor s who have high antibody levels of the hepatitis B surface antigen. It is extracted from the Cohn Fraction II. During the process, viruses are deactivated, and in the final steps, solvents used in the preparation are removed. The preparation is tested for absence of HIV , HCV , herpes virus , and reovirus . ref http www.talecris pi.info inserts BayHepB.pdf Product description with dose schedule Retrieved 2009 06 03 ref Indications HBIG is indicated as a postexposure prophylaxis for people at risk to develop hepatitis B because they have been recently exposed to body fluid s of individuals who have hepatitis B. This includes babies of mothers with hepatitis ... within 14 days of exposure to the hepatitis B virus. ref name blue The half life of HBIG is about 3 weeks. In lieu of a booster administration of HBIG, a hepatitis B vaccination is initiated at the time ... preview mmwrhtml 00022736.htm CDC recommendation for postexposure prophylaxis of hepatitis B Retrieved ... Category Blood products Category Hepatitis Category Medical treatments Category Polyclonal ... more details
Taxobox name Hepatitis B virus image image width image caption virus group VII ordo Unassigned familia Hepadnaviridae genus Orthohepadnavirus species Woodchuck hepatitis virus The Woodchuck hepatitis virus is a species of the genus Orthohepadnavirus . It is not a deadly virus. References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus Category Viral diseases Virus stub ... more details
year 2009 month February pmid 19208517 url http www.hbpdint.com text.asp?id 1196 ref HepatitisD virus ... title Novel subgenotypes of hepatitis B virus genotypes C and D in Papua, Indonesia journal J. Clin ...For the disease Hepatitis B Taxobox name Hepatitis B virus image Hepatitis B virus 1.jpg image width 160px image caption Transmission electron microscopy TEM micrograph showing hepatitis B viruses virus group VII ordo Unassigned familia Hepadnaviridae genus Orthohepadnavirus species Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B virus , abbreviated HBV , is a species of the genus Orthohepadnavirus , which is likewise ... virol hepatitis virus.htm title Hepatitis viruses accessdate 2008 03 13 last Hunt first ... ref This virus causes the disease hepatitis B. ref name pmid18824707 Disease main Hepatitis B In addition to causing hepatitis B, infection with HBV can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular ... al. title Solution structure of stem loop alpha of the hepatitis B virus post transcriptional regulatory ... name pmid18824707 cite journal author Hassan MM, Li D, El Deeb AS, et al. title Association between hepatitis B virus and pancreatic cancer journal J. Clin. Oncol. volume 26 issue 28 pages 4557 62 year ... pmidlookup?view long&pmid 18824707 ref Classification The hepatitis B virus is classified as the type species of the Orthohepadnavirus , which contains three other species the Ground squirrel hepatitis virus , Woodchuck hepatitis virus , and the Woolly monkey hepatitis B virus . The genus is classified ... International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses ref Viruses similar to hepatitis B have been found .... ref name pmid15752827 cite journal author Kramvis A, Kew M, Fran ois G title Hepatitis B virus ... and molecular epidemiology of the hepatitis B virus as reflected by sequence variability of the S gene ... Structure Hepatitis B virus is a member of the Hepadnaviridae Hepadnavirus family . ref name Baron cite book author Zuckerman AJ title Hepatitis Viruses. In Baron s Medical Microbiology Baron ... more details
Dubuisson J, Penin F, Moradpour D 2002 Interaction of hepatitis C virus proteins with host ... R, Bianchi L, Blum HE, Moradpour D, Bienz K 2002 Expression of hepatitis C virus proteins induces ... Gutierrez JA, Parikh N, Branch AD 2011 Classical and emerging roles of vitamin d in hepatitis ... D deficiency and a CYP27B1 1260 promoter polymorphism are associated with chronic hepatitis C ... B, Geier A the Swiss Hepatitis C Cohort Study Group 2011 The vitamin D receptor gene bAt CCA ... of vitamin D in chronic hepatitis C infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. doi 10.1111 j.1365 2036.2012.05000.x ... A, Nicolosi A, Nunnari G 2012 Diagnostic and therapeutical role of vitamin D in chronic hepatitis ...about the viral particle the disease Hepatitis C Taxobox name Hepatitis C virus image HCV EM picture 2.png image width 250px image caption Electron micrograph of hepatitis C virus purified from cell culture ... type species Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis C virus HCV is a small 55 65 Nanometre nm in size , viral ... of the family Flaviviridae . Hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis C in humans. Taxonomy The hepatitis ... of a canine homolog of hepatitis C virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108 28 11608 11613 ref There is also .... J Virol ref Structure Image HCV structure.png left thumb Simplified diagram of the structure of the Hepatitis C virus particle The hepatitis C virus particle consists of a core of genetic material ... J title Topology of hepatitis C virus envelope glycoproteins journal Rev. Med. Virol. volume 13 ... thumb 300px Genome organisation of Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis C virus has a positive sense single ... long. ref name pmid11252351 cite journal author Kato N title Genome of human hepatitis C virus ... cite journal author Jubin R title Hepatitis C IRES translating translation into a therapeutic target ... amino acids. The core domain of the hepatitis C virus HCV IRES contains a four way helical junction ... Dubuisson J title Hepatitis C virus proteins journal World J. Gastroenterol. volume 13 issue 17 pages ... more details
M, Lachenal G, Rousset D, Vessi re A, Ayouba A, Pasquier C, Pouillot R 2007 The hepatitis C virus ...Taxobox name Hepatitis C virus image HCV EM picture 2.png image width 250px image caption Electron micrograph of hepatitis C virus purified from cell culture. Scale black bar 50 nanometre s virus group iv familia Flaviviridae genus Hepacivirus species Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis C virus HCV ... sense positive sense single stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae . Hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis C in humans. Like all RNA viruses its genome evolves rapidly due to errors its ... HCV isolates, the hepatitis C virus species is classified into seven genotypes 1 7 with several subtypes ... of hepatitis C virus into six major genotypes and a series of subtypes by phylogenetic analysis of the NS ... Tatsunori title An updated analysis of hepatitis C virus genotypes and subtypes based on the complete ..., Ohba K, Orito E, Mukaide M, Williams R, Lau JY 2007 New hepatitis C virus HCV genotyping system that allows .... ref name Simmonds2001 Simmonds P 2001 Reconstructing the origins of human hepatitis viruses. Philos ... and treatment regimes. Given the reduction in the rate of spread once screening for Hepatitis C ... a common origin. ref name Salemi2002 Salemi M, Vandamme AM 2002 Hepatitis C virus evolutionary patterns ... of the pattern of diversity of hepatitis C virus in relation to times of transmission. Simmonds P, Smith ... history of hepatitis C virus in East Asia. J Virol 83 2 1071 1082 ref The estimated rate of mutation ... P 2009 Genetic history of hepatitis C virus in East Asia. J Virol 83 2 1071 1082 ref A study of European ... name Simmonds1997 Simmonds P, Smith DB 1997 Investigation of the pattern of diversity of hepatitis ... Magiorkinis2009 Magiorkinis G, Magiorkinis E, Paraskevis D, Ho SY, Shapiro B, Pybus OG, Allain JP, Hatzakis A 2009 The global spread of hepatitis C virus 1a and 1b a phylodynamic and phylogeographic ... HJ 2002 A comparison of the molecular clock of hepatitis C virus in the United States and Japan predicts ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
